CN112198584B - Light guide plate - Google Patents
Light guide plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112198584B CN112198584B CN202011154971.3A CN202011154971A CN112198584B CN 112198584 B CN112198584 B CN 112198584B CN 202011154971 A CN202011154971 A CN 202011154971A CN 112198584 B CN112198584 B CN 112198584B
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- light guide
- light
- guide layer
- layer
- guide plate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0003—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being doped with fluorescent agents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
- G02B6/0041—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided in the bulk of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
- G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0075—Arrangements of multiple light guides
- G02B6/0076—Stacked arrangements of multiple light guides of the same or different cross-sectional area
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
Abstract
A light guide plate is provided with: the light source, the reflecting layer, the first light guide layer and the second light guide layer; the reflecting layer is used for reflecting the light emitted by the light source, so that the reflected light is emitted through the first light guide layer and the second light guide layer; the first light guide layer is internally provided with an ultraviolet excitation luminescent material and is used for refracting light rays emitted by the light source for the first time; the light source adopts an ultraviolet light emitting diode and is used for exciting the ultraviolet ray in the first light guide layer to excite the luminescent material to emit visible light; the second light guide layer is internally provided with a metal wire grating and is used for carrying out secondary refraction on the light rays emitted by the first light guide layer; the beneficial effects are that: the first light guide layer is internally provided with an ultraviolet excitation luminescent material, the light source adopts an ultraviolet light emitting diode, and the ultraviolet light emitting diode can excite the ultraviolet excitation luminescent material in the first light guide layer to emit visible light; the metal wire grid is arranged, so that the thinning is favorably realized, and the problem of backlight uniformity is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of display, in particular to a light guide plate.
Background
With the vigorous development of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) Display technology, LCD technology is now widely used in various layers of daily life, and the requirements for thinning and lightening of Liquid Crystal Display modules are gradually increased. The existing liquid crystal display module generally adopts the framework of a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module, so that the assembly process of the backlight module is complex, and the light weight and the thin thickness of the liquid crystal display module are difficult to realize.
Therefore, in the existing LCD display panel technology, there are problems that the assembling process of the liquid crystal display module is complicated and it is difficult to achieve the light and thin structure, and improvement is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a light guide plate, which is used for solving the problems that the assembly process of a liquid crystal display module is complex and the lightness and thinness are difficult to realize in the prior art.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a light guide plate, which is sequentially stacked along a first direction and provided with: the light source, the reflecting layer, the first light guide layer and the second light guide layer;
the reflecting layer is used for reflecting the light emitted by the light source, so that the reflected light is emitted through the first light guide layer and the second light guide layer;
the first light guide layer is internally provided with an ultraviolet excitation luminescent material and is used for refracting light rays emitted by the light source for the first time;
the light source adopts an ultraviolet light emitting diode and is used for exciting the ultraviolet excitation luminescent material in the first light guide layer to emit visible light;
and a metal wire grid is arranged in the second light guide layer, and the second light guide layer is used for carrying out secondary refraction on the light rays emitted by the first light guide layer.
In some embodiments, the uv-excited light emitting material is distributed in a mesh shape on the inner end surface of the first light guiding layer, near one side of the reflecting layer.
In some embodiments, the structure of the ultraviolet excited light emitting material includes: a first dot structure, a second dot structure, a third dot structure, and a fourth dot structure.
In some embodiments, the area occupied by the orthographic projections of the first dot structure, the second dot structure, the third dot structure and the fourth dot structure in the second direction of the light guide plate is equal; the first dot structure, the second dot structure, the third dot structure and the fourth dot structure are different in shape or density.
In some embodiments, the first dot structure and the second dot structure have the same shape and different densities; the third dot structure and the fourth dot structure have the same density and different shapes.
In some embodiments, the metal wire grid is disposed on an inner end surface of the second light guide layer, near one side of the first light guide layer; the length of the first light guide layer along the first direction is a first length H1, the length of the second light guide layer along the first direction is a second length H2, and the first length H1 is greater than the second length H2.
In some embodiments, the metal wire grids are arranged in parallel and at intervals along the second direction, and a certain preset length is provided between two adjacent metal wire grids.
In some embodiments, the preset length between two adjacent metal wire grids is a third length H3, and the third length is in a range of: 4nm to 18 nm.
In some embodiments, the material of the first light guide layer is different from the material of the second light guide layer, the first light guide layer is made of a glass substrate, and the second light guide layer is made of at least one of silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or silicon oxynitride.
In some embodiments, the first light guiding layer has a refractive index less than a refractive index of the second light guiding layer.
Compared with the prior art, the light guide plate provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the light guide plate provided by the invention, the ultraviolet ray excitation luminescent material is arranged in the first light guide layer, the light source adopts an ultraviolet light emitting diode, and the ultraviolet light emitting diode can excite the ultraviolet ray excitation luminescent material in the first light guide layer so as to obtain visible light with a required wave band;
2. further, according to the light guide plate provided by the invention, the metal wire grid is arranged in the second light guide layer, the metal wire grid can transmit light with the polarization direction perpendicular to the wire grid direction, the light with the polarization direction parallel to the wire grid direction is reflected, when ultraviolet light with the polarization direction parallel to the metal wire grid is transmitted in the light guide plate, the mesh points formed by ultraviolet excited luminescent materials are excited to emit light, the polarized light with the excited light polarization direction perpendicular to the metal wire grid enters the prism layer through the metal wire grid and is emitted at a small angle, and the problem of backlight uniformity when the thinned backlight is transmitted in the light guide plate is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first dot structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second dot structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third dot structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth dot structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal wire grid of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating light propagation in a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The present invention provides a light guide plate, and particularly, refer to fig. 1 to 7.
With the vigorous development of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) Display technology, LCD technology is now widely used in various layers of daily life, and the requirements for thinning and lightening of Liquid Crystal Display modules are gradually increased. The existing liquid crystal display module generally adopts the framework of a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module, so that the assembly process of the backlight module is complex, and the light weight and the thin thickness of the liquid crystal display module are difficult to realize. Accordingly, the present invention provides a light guide plate to solve the above problems.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The invention provides a light guide plate, which is sequentially stacked along a first direction Z and provided with: the light source comprises a light source 1, a reflecting layer 2, a first light guide layer 3 and a second light guide layer 4; the reflecting layer 2 is used for reflecting the light emitted by the light source 1, so that the reflected light is emitted through the first light guide layer 3 and the second light guide layer 4; an ultraviolet ray excitation luminescent material 31 is arranged in the first light guide layer 3, and the first light guide layer 3 is used for refracting light rays emitted by the light source 1 for the first time; the light source 1 adopts an ultraviolet light emitting diode and is used for exciting the ultraviolet excitation luminescent material 31 in the first light guide layer 3 to emit visible light; a metal wire grid 41 is arranged in the second light guide layer 4, and the second light guide layer 4 is used for carrying out secondary refraction on light rays emitted by the first light guide layer 3.
Firstly, as can be seen from fig. 1, the light guide plate provided by the present invention is a side-in type light guide plate, that is, the light source 1 is disposed on one side of the whole light guide plate, not limited to the left side shown in the figure, but also can be the right side, the front side or the back side; it can be understood that the position of the light source 1 relative to the light guide plate is the initial position of the light entering the first light guide layer 3.
Further, the ultraviolet-excited light-emitting material 31 can only emit visible light under the excitation of ultraviolet rays, and can only emit invisible light without the excitation of ultraviolet rays, so that the light source 1 in the embodiment of the invention employs an ultraviolet light-emitting diode for exciting the ultraviolet-excited light-emitting material 31 in the first light guiding layer 3 to emit visible light.
In some embodiments, the uv-excited luminescent material 31 is distributed in a mesh shape on the inner end surface of the first light guiding layer 3, near the side of the reflecting layer 2; the structure of the ultraviolet excitation luminescent material 31 includes: a first dot structure 311, a second dot structure 312, a third dot structure 313 and a fourth dot structure 314.
In some embodiments, the orthographic projections of the first dot structure 311, the second dot structure 312, the third dot structure 313 and the fourth dot structure 314 in the second direction X of the light guide plate occupy equal areas; the shapes or densities of the first dot structure 311, the second dot structure 312, the third dot structure 313 and the fourth dot structure 314 are different. The first dot structure 311 and the second dot structure 312 have the same shape and different densities; the third dot structure 313 and the fourth dot structure 314 have the same density and different shapes.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of a first dot structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The first dot structure 311 is composed of a plurality of rectangles with the same shape and size, and light emitted from the light source 1 is incident into the first light guide layer 3 and is excited by the first dot structure 311, so that visible light with a required wavelength band is obtained.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second dot structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The second dot structure 312 is also composed of a plurality of rectangles with the same shape and size, and the second dot structure 312 is different from the first dot structure 311 in that the density of dots on the first dot structure 311 is greater than that on the second dot structure 312. The light emitted from the light source 1 is emitted into the first light guiding layer 3 and is excited by the second dot structure 312, so as to obtain the visible light with the required wavelength band.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third dot structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The third dot structure 313 is composed of a plurality of circles with the same shape and size, and light emitted by the light source 1 is emitted into the first light guide layer 3 and is excited by the third dot structure 313, so that visible light with a required wavelength band is obtained.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth dot structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fourth dot structure 314 is composed of a plurality of circles with the same shape and size, and the fourth dot structure 314 is different from the third dot structure 313 in that the density of dots on the third dot structure 313 is greater than that of dots on the fourth dot structure 314. Light emitted by the light source 1 is emitted into the first light guide layer 3 and is excited by the fourth dot structure 314, so that visible light with a required wavelength band is obtained.
In some embodiments, the metal wire grid is disposed on the inner end surface of the second light guide layer 4, close to one side of the first light guide layer 3; the length of the first light guide layer 3 along the first direction Z is a first length H1, the length of the second light guide layer 4 along the first direction Z is a second length H2, and the first length H1 is greater than the second length H2.
In some embodiments, the metal wire grids are arranged in parallel and at intervals along the second direction X, and a certain preset length is provided between two adjacent metal wire grids.
Specifically, the preset length between two adjacent metal wire grids is a third length H3, and the third length ranges from: 4nm to 18 nm. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal wire grid of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wire grid is parallel to the third direction Y. Furthermore, all the metal wire grids are manufactured through a nano-imprinting and etching process, are formed through a nano-imprinting method, are used for polarizing and play a role of a polarizer; in addition, the metal wire grid replaces a polarizer, and the thickness of the liquid crystal panel is reduced. The material of the metal wire grid is at least one of aluminum, copper and chromium, and aluminum is preferred. Further, the structure of the ultraviolet excitation luminescent material 31 is not limited to the rectangle and the circle, and may be other shapes such as an ellipse, a triangle, or a polygon.
In some embodiments, the material of the first light guide layer 3 is different from the material of the second light guide layer 4, the first light guide layer 3 is a glass substrate, and the second light guide layer 4 is at least one of silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or silicon oxynitride; the reflecting layer 2 is made of a metal material and is an Al (aluminum) reflecting layer or an Ag (silver) reflecting layer, the reflecting layer 2 can be formed on the lower surface of the first light guide layer 3 through processes such as spraying, coating, electroplating and depositing, the reflecting layer 2 is used for reflecting light emitted from the light source 1 into the first light guide plate 3 again so as to improve the emergent rate of the emergent light of the first light guide plate 3 deviating from one side of the reflecting layer 2, and the reflecting layer is mainly used for reflecting the light.
Furthermore, one side of the second light guide layer 4, which is far away from the first light guide layer 3, is a prism, and the prism is a triangle and can be an isosceles triangle or an equilateral triangle; the prism is formed on one side of the second light guide layer 4, which is far away from the first light guide layer 3, through an etching or coining process.
Further, the refractive index n0 of the first light guiding layer 3 is smaller than the refractive index n1 of the second light guiding layer 4. Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating light propagation in the light guide plate according to the embodiment of the invention. Mainly includes three light paths: a first light path P1, a second light path P2, and a third light path P3; a first light ray is incident into the first light guide layer 3 from a first light path P1, a first incident angle θ 1 is formed between the first light ray and a normal of the upper end surface of the first light guide layer 3, the first light ray passes through the metal wire grid in the second light guide layer 4 via the first incident angle θ 1 and is refracted, and then becomes a first refraction angle α 1, and finally the first light ray is refracted again via the upper prism surface of the second light guide layer 4 and is emitted; a second light ray is incident on the ultraviolet-excited luminescent material 31 in the first light guide layer 3 from a second light path P2, a second incident angle θ 2 is formed between the second light ray and the normal of the ultraviolet-excited luminescent material 31, the second light ray is reflected to the upper end surface of the first light guide layer 3 through the ultraviolet-excited luminescent material 31, is refracted at a position, which is not the metal wire grid, of the second light guide layer 4, and forms a second refraction angle α 2 with the normal of the lower end surface of the second light guide layer 4, and finally is emitted through the upper end plane of the second light guide layer 4; the third light path P3 is the first light or the second light is in the light reflected by the upper end face of the first light guiding layer 3, the third incident angle θ 3 is the included angle between the third light and the normal between the upper end faces of the first light guiding layer 3, the third incident angle α 3 is obtained after the second light guiding layer 4 is refracted, and finally the third light is emitted out of the second light guiding layer 4 through the prism face at the upper end of the second light guiding layer 4.
Specifically, the second light guiding layer 4 defines a total reflection critical angle (δ), which is an incident angle when an included angle (refraction angle) between the refracted light and a normal direction is 90 °, the normal direction is perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the first light guiding layer 3 (the upper surface of the first light guiding layer 3 in fig. 7), and δ ═ arsin (n1/n 0).
When the incident light generated by the light source 1 enters the first light guiding layer 3 and reaches the second light guiding layer 4 in the dot gap of the prism structure, if the first incident angle θ 1 is smaller than δ, the light enters the second light guiding layer 4 and then is emitted out to form a first light path P2, such as the light path 1 in fig. 7; if the first incident angle θ 1 is greater than or equal to δ, since n1 is greater than n0, the light is totally reflected at the interface between the first light guiding layer 3 and the second light guiding layer 4, the light returns to the first light guiding layer 3, and reaches the metal wire grid 41 after being specularly reflected by the reflecting layer 2, and n1 is greater than n0, and is refracted, so that the light enters the metal wire grid 41.
When the incident light generated by the light source 1 enters the first light guiding layer 3 and reaches the metal wire grid 41, n1 > n0 is refracted, and the light enters the metal wire grid 41.
When incident light enters the metal wire grid 41 through the first light guiding layer 3, the light is refracted because n1 is greater than n0, and the first refraction angle is α 1 ═ acrsin ((n0/n1) × sin θ 1); when α 1 ≦ (180- β)/2, the emergent light passing through the prism structure may enter the second light guiding layer 4 and then exit, forming a second optical path, such as the second light path P2 in fig. 7; when α 1 > (180- β)/2, β is the prism apex angle, the outgoing light passing through the prism structure enters the next prism structure, and enters the second light guiding layer 4 or the metal wire grid 41 again through the second prism structure and the action of the reflection layer 2, and the incident angle gradually decreases until the incident angle entering the second light guiding layer 4 is smaller than δ, or enters the first refraction angle α 1 of the metal wire grid 41 less than or equal to (180- β)/2, and enters the second light guiding layer 4 to be emitted, so as to form a first optical path, such as the first optical path P1 in fig. 7. The light guide plate of this embodiment realizes the adjustment of the light-emitting angle through the metal wire grid 41, the reflective layer 2, the first light guide layer 3 and the second light guide layer 4, replaces the single diffusion sheet, the reflective sheet and the prism sheet in the conventional light guide plate, realizes the thinning of the light guide plate, and improves the backlight uniformity. As can be seen from the above, the relationships between the second incident angle θ 2, the second refraction angle α 2, and the prism vertex angle β, and the relationships between the third incident angle θ 3, the third refraction angle α 3, and the prism vertex angle β can be obtained in the same manner.
Further, the first direction Z, the second direction X, and the third direction Y are mutually perpendicular in pairs.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the light guide plate, which comprises the following steps: step one, a light guide plate body with a waveguide structure is taken, namely the first light guide layer 3; depositing photoresist on the surface of the waveguide structure; preparing a diffraction metal grid line 41 mask on the photoresist in an imprinting mode; etching by taking the photoresist as a mask to form the diffraction metal wire grid 41; step five, a multilayer medium structure and a metal layer are sequentially deposited on the diffraction metal wire grid 41; depositing photoresist on the surface of the metal layer; preparing the metal wire grid 41 mask on the photoresist in an imprinting mode; and step eight, forming the metal wire grid 41 after etching by taking the photoresist as a mask.
The multilayer dielectric structure comprises at least two different dielectric layers, wherein the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is greater than that of the second dielectric layer, and the metal wire grid 41 is arranged on the surface of the uppermost dielectric layer; in the fifth step, the specific steps of depositing the multi-layer dielectric structure are to deposit a first dielectric layer and then deposit a second dielectric layer.
The grid lines of the metal wire grid 41 and the grid lines of the diffraction grating are arranged at equal intervals.
In the manufacturing method, the diffraction grating and the metal wire grid 41 are both prepared by adopting a nano-imprinting technology, the diffraction grating controls the directional projection of light through parameters such as a design period, an azimuth angle and the like to realize a multi-view naked eye three-dimensional effect, the metal wire grid 41 realizes a color filtering effect through parameters such as a design period, a duty ratio and the like, and the structural parameters of the diffraction grating and the metal wire grid are close to each other, so that the diffraction grating and the metal wire grid can be prepared by adopting a common nano-imprinting technology, and the purpose of saving processing equipment is achieved.
In the manufacturing method, the first dielectric layer can be made of materials such as silicon dioxide, silicon oxide or magnesium oxide; the second dielectric layer can be made of silicon nitride, titanium oxide or tantalum pentoxide. The refractive index is relative concept, that is, the refractive index of the first medium layer is only required to be larger than that of the second medium layer; and is not particularly limited herein.
The invention can also comprise a backlight module which adopts the light guide plate and is a side-in type backlight module.
Therefore, the light guide plate provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, in the light guide plate provided by the invention, an ultraviolet ray excitation luminescent material is arranged in the first light guide layer, the light source adopts an ultraviolet light emitting diode, and the ultraviolet light emitting diode can excite the ultraviolet ray excitation luminescent material in the first light guide layer to emit visible light; further, in the light guide plate provided by the invention, the metal wire grid is arranged in the second light guide layer, the metal wire grid can transmit light with the polarization direction perpendicular to the wire grid direction, the light with the polarization direction parallel to the wire grid direction is reflected, when ultraviolet light with the polarization direction parallel to the metal wire grid is transmitted in the light guide plate, the mesh points formed by ultraviolet excitation luminescent materials are excited to emit light, and the polarized light with the excited light polarization direction perpendicular to the metal wire grid enters the prism layer through the metal wire grid and is emitted at a small angle, so that the problem of backlight uniformity when the light is transmitted in the light guide plate is solved, and the light guide plate is favorably thinned.
The light guide plate provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained in the present document by applying specific examples, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understanding the technical scheme and the core idea of the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A light guide plate, characterized in that, the light guide plate is provided with along the first direction in an orderly stacked manner: the light source, the reflecting layer, the first light guide layer and the second light guide layer;
the reflecting layer is used for reflecting the light emitted by the light source, so that the reflected light is emitted through the first light guide layer and the second light guide layer;
the first light guide layer is internally provided with an ultraviolet excitation luminescent material and is used for refracting light rays emitted by the light source for the first time;
the light source adopts an ultraviolet light emitting diode and is used for exciting the ultraviolet excitation luminescent material in the first light guide layer to emit visible light;
a metal wire grid is arranged in the second light guide layer, and the second light guide layer is used for carrying out secondary refraction on the light rays emitted by the first light guide layer; and the metal wire grid is used for transmitting light with the polarization direction perpendicular to the direction of the metal wire grid and reflecting the light with the polarization direction parallel to the direction of the metal wire grid.
2. The light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the uv-excited light-emitting material is distributed in a mesh shape on the inner end surface of the first light guide layer, near the reflective layer.
3. The light guide plate according to claim 2, wherein the structure of the ultraviolet excited light emitting material comprises: a first dot structure, a second dot structure, a third dot structure, and a fourth dot structure.
4. The light guide plate according to claim 3, wherein orthographic projections of the first, second, third and fourth dot structures in the second direction of the light guide plate occupy equal areas; the first dot structure, the second dot structure, the third dot structure and the fourth dot structure are different in shape or density.
5. The light guide plate according to claim 4, wherein the first dot structures and the second dot structures have the same shape and different densities; the third dot structure and the fourth dot structure have the same density and different shapes.
6. The light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the metal wire grid is disposed on an inner end surface of the second light guide layer, close to one side of the first light guide layer; the length of the first light guide layer along the first direction is a first length H1, the length of the second light guide layer along the first direction is a second length H2, and the first length H1 is greater than the second length H2.
7. The light guide plate according to claim 6, wherein the metal wire grids are arranged in parallel and at intervals along the second direction, and a predetermined length is provided between two adjacent metal wire grids.
8. The light guide plate according to claim 7, wherein the preset length between two adjacent metal wire grids is a third length H3, and the third length is in a range of: 4nm to 18 nm.
9. The light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the first light guide layer is made of a different material from the second light guide layer, the first light guide layer is made of a glass substrate, and the second light guide layer is made of at least one of silicon nitride, silicon oxide, and silicon oxynitride.
10. The light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the refractive index of the first light guide layer is smaller than the refractive index of the second light guide layer.
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| CN114910992B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-12-13 | 安徽亿光源光电科技有限公司 | High light efficiency type light guide plate |
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| CN105954932A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-09-21 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and liquid crystal display device |
| CN106526738B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-11-22 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | A kind of light guide plate and production method, backlight module, liquid crystal display die set |
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