CN112198486A - Extremely narrow pulse radar distance correlation target echo space aggregation method - Google Patents

Extremely narrow pulse radar distance correlation target echo space aggregation method Download PDF

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CN112198486A
CN112198486A CN202010900311.9A CN202010900311A CN112198486A CN 112198486 A CN112198486 A CN 112198486A CN 202010900311 A CN202010900311 A CN 202010900311A CN 112198486 A CN112198486 A CN 112198486A
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CN112198486B (en
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龙腾
李阳
毛二可
周强
王彦华
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
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    • G01S7/41Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for polymerizing a range-correlated target echo space of a very narrow pulse radar, which comprises the steps of setting two thresholds, and respectively detecting a strong scattering point and a weak scattering point of a target HRRP; according to a distance similarity criterion, correlating strong scattering points and weak scattering points of the same target to obtain a primary aggregation fragment; then, searching bilateral valley points of the preliminary aggregation segments to determine the starting positions and the ending positions of the aggregation segments, further combining the aggregation segments in a progressive correlation manner, and screening and removing the aggregation segments with unreasonable signal-to-noise ratios and lengths to obtain fine aggregation segments so as to finish target echo aggregation; the method can accurately, quickly and stably aggregate the extremely narrow pulse echoes of the targets in the radar echoes containing a plurality of targets, noise and clutter.

Description

Extremely narrow pulse radar distance correlation target echo space aggregation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of data processing of a narrow pulse radar, and particularly relates to a method for aggregating echo space of a range-correlated target of the narrow pulse radar.
Background
The ultra-narrow pulse radar is a type of radar with a single echo pulse width far smaller than the size of a target after processing. For a very narrow pulse radar, the echo of a target contains a plurality of very narrow pulses, each corresponding to a different scattering point on the target. Thus, the target extremely narrow pulse echo can represent the distribution of the scattering points of the target along the radar line-of-sight direction, also commonly referred to as the high resolution range image (HRRP) of the target.
Target echo space aggregation (hereinafter referred to as "echo aggregation") refers to gathering, in a very narrow pulse radar echo including a target, clutter, and noise, very narrow pulses belonging to the same target, and extracting a target echo segment (i.e., a target HRRP) to obtain effective information of the target. Target echo aggregation is a precondition for target identification, target parameter measurement and target tracking of the ultra-narrow pulse radar. Since the scattering point distribution characteristics are closely related to the type and pose of the target, the echo aggregation method needs to have good robustness to the target scattering point distribution form.
The distance-dependent echo aggregation is to use the distance-dependent correlation of different narrow pulses as a basis for judging whether the narrow pulses belong to the same target. The existing distance correlation echo aggregation method is a single threshold segmentation method, and the main idea is to set a fixed threshold, compare each data point in radar echo with the threshold, and mark the data point exceeding the threshold as a passing detection point; and taking the first and last passing detection points in the radar echo as the initial position and the final position of the target, and further extracting a target echo segment. In order to avoid false alarm, the threshold value of the single threshold segmentation method is often higher, and relatively weak echoes on a target may be missed, so that the aggregation result has deviation, and therefore, the accuracy and the robustness of the single threshold segmentation method are poor. Furthermore, the single threshold segmentation method cannot separately aggregate a plurality of targets, and has a great limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for aggregating a space of extremely narrow pulse radar range-dependent target echoes, which can accurately, quickly and stably aggregate the extremely narrow pulse echoes of a target in radar echoes including multiple targets, noise and clutter.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
a method for spatial aggregation of echoes of an extremely narrow pulse radar distance correlation target comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating a signal-to-noise ratio of a radar echo peak point, and judging whether echo aggregation is performed or not;
determining a first threshold by using an order statistics constant false alarm rate detection (OS-CFAR) method; calculating a second threshold and a combination threshold based on the first threshold, wherein the second threshold is used for detecting strong scattering points, and the combination threshold is used for detecting weak scattering points; completing the detection of scattering points of the target HRRP by using a second threshold and a combination threshold; judging whether the adjacent detection points belong to the same target or not based on the detection result of the scattering points, and searching front and back bilateral valley points of a connected region where the same target is located to obtain a primary aggregation fragment;
and step three, carrying out progressive association on discrete fragments belonging to the same target, and removing the polymerization fragments with lower signal-to-noise ratio and length out of a reasonable range to obtain a final polymerization result.
Further, the specific process of the second step is as follows:
step 2.1, determining a first threshold G by using an ordered statistics constant false alarm detection method1
Step 2.2, according to the power P of the radar echo peak pointpAnd a first threshold G1Calculating a second threshold G2And a combining threshold G3
G2=(Pp-G1)×c2 (8)
G3=(Pp-G1)×c3 (9)
Wherein, c2、c3Respectively a second threshold coefficient and a combined threshold coefficient, and 0 < c3<c2<1;
Step 2.3, recording that the detected quantity V is greater than a threshold G2R points of (A) are strong scattering points
Figure BDA0002659633840000021
V=P-G1,P=[|x1|2,|x2|2,...,|xn|2],x=[x1,x2,...,xn],x∈R+X is the radar echo after the modulus is taken;
step 2.4, labeling
Figure BDA0002659633840000031
Head as first target1Then is followed by
Figure BDA0002659633840000032
Starting to traverse the strong scattering points;
step 2.5, recording the current traversal point
Figure BDA0002659633840000033
And
Figure BDA0002659633840000034
is a distance of
Figure BDA0002659633840000035
The current target is j; judgment of
Figure BDA0002659633840000036
And setting a threshold value T1The relationship of (1); if it is
Figure BDA0002659633840000037
Judging that the two points belong to the same target j, and performing step 2.8; if it is
Figure BDA0002659633840000038
Step 2.6 is carried out, and the relationship between the two points is further judged;
step 2.6, remember
Figure BDA0002659633840000039
And
Figure BDA00026596338400000310
all the pass-thresholds G between corresponding positions in x3S points of (a) are weak scattering points
Figure BDA00026596338400000311
Calculating the proportion R of the total points between two points:
Figure BDA00026596338400000312
judging R and setting threshold T2The relationship of (1): if R > T2If yes, judging that the two points belong to the same target j, and performing step 2.8; if R < T2If yes, judging that the two points do not belong to the same target, and performing step 2.7;
step 2.7, order
Figure BDA00026596338400000313
Tail of target jjThen target j is [ headj,tailj]The corresponding interval in the echo x; order to
Figure BDA00026596338400000314
Head for target j +1j+1And (5) performing step 2.8;
step 2.8, judging whether the traversal is finished or not, and if the traversal is finished, performing step 2.9; if the traversal is not finished, continuing the traversal and carrying out the step 2.5;
step 2.9, order
Figure BDA00026596338400000315
All target echo segments are obtained as the tail of the last target; and searching front and back bilateral valley points of a connected region where the same target is located to obtain a preliminary aggregation fragment.
Further, in the third step, the step of progressively associating the discrete segments belonging to the same target specifically includes:
when the number of the initial aggregation segments is 1, skipping progressive association operation and directly performing elimination operation; when the number of the initial polymerization fragments is M, M is more than or equal to 2, and the current initial polymerization fragment is taken as TarmM1, 2,3,.., M-1, statistical TarmNumber of strong scattering points in
Figure BDA00026596338400000316
If it is
Figure BDA00026596338400000317
And is
Figure BDA00026596338400000318
Then TarmAnd Tarm+1No association is made;
memory fragment TarmAnd Tarm+1The distance between is Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1) Judging Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1) And setting a threshold value T3The relationship of (1); if Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1)>T3Then Tar ismAnd Tarm+1No association is made;
if it is
Figure BDA0002659633840000041
And Length (Tar)m-1,Tarm)>T4,Length(Tarm,Tarm+1)>T4Then Tar ism-1And Tarm+1No association is made;
and merging the remaining adjacent aggregation fragments into the same target to finish progressive association.
Has the advantages that:
the method adopts a narrow pulse radar target echo space aggregation method based on double-threshold detection, and can quickly and accurately divide targets, clutter, noise backgrounds and other targets in radar echoes at the same time. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. strong robustness and high accuracy
The method utilizes two groups of thresholds to detect the strong scattering points and the weak scattering points of the target respectively, can still detect the strong scattering point information and the weak scattering point information of the target under the condition that the target echo has fluctuation, and has strong robustness on the type and the posture of the target.
2. Can respectively aggregate echoes of a plurality of targets
The invention adopts two groups of thresholds to detect the scattering points of the target, the information is more accurate, and whether different scattering points belong to the same target can be judged, so that a plurality of target echoes in one frame of radar echo can be respectively aggregated.
Therefore, the method and the engineering implementation have high popularization and application values in the field of radar information processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the preliminary aggregation process based on the dual-threshold detection result according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of fragment association and screening according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the original HRRP and the polymerization results.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a method for aggregating the space of an echo of a distance-related target of a very narrow pulse radar, as shown in figure 1, the technical idea for realizing the method is as follows: setting two thresholds, and respectively detecting a strong scattering point and a weak scattering point of a target HRRP; according to a distance similarity criterion, correlating strong scattering points and weak scattering points of the same target to obtain a primary aggregation fragment; and then, carrying out bilateral valley point search (namely determining the starting position and the ending position of the aggregation fragment), progressive association (namely further merging the aggregation fragments) and screening (namely rejecting the aggregation fragments with unreasonable signal-to-noise ratios and lengths) on the preliminary aggregation fragments to obtain fine aggregation fragments so as to finish target echo aggregation.
Without loss of generality, it is assumed here that the radar echo includes multiple target echoes and noise. When clutter is present, it can be considered together with noise, as it is also random, and the target echo aggregation is done using the following steps, as "noise".
The invention mainly comprises the following four steps:
step one, judging whether radar echo needs to be subjected to target space aggregation
101. The modulo radar echo is recorded as x, which is a non-negative real vector and can be expressed by the following formula:
x=[x1,x2,...,xn],x∈R+ (1)
102. finding the maximum value of x, and calculating the peak point power and recording as Pp
Pp=|max{x}|2 (2)
103. Ordering x by amplitude, resulting in an ascending sequence x':
x′=[x′1,x′2,...,x′n] (3)
104. taking the first L points in x'1,x′2,...,x′L]Calculating the noise power Pc
Figure BDA0002659633840000061
Wherein,
Figure BDA0002659633840000062
Figure BDA0002659633840000063
for rounding-down, 0<γ < 1 represents the proportion of data points used to calculate the noise power as described above.
105. Taking the ratio of the peak point power to the noise power as the peak point signal-to-noise ratio SNR:
Figure BDA0002659633840000064
106. comparing the SNR of the peak point with a set threshold T; if the SNR is greater than T, performing the processing of the second step; otherwise, the target does not exist in the current radar echo, target echo aggregation is not needed, and the current radar echo is stopped.
Step two, obtaining a target echo primary aggregation segment
The method comprises the following steps of obtaining a target scattering point by adopting an ordered statistics constant false alarm rate (OS-CFAR) idea; and then clustering the target scattering points together according to a proximity criterion to obtain a preliminary clustering fragment, as shown in FIG. 2.
201. K-th ordered value x ' in the sequence x ' with ascending amplitude 'kAs an estimate of the noise power level, a first threshold G is set1Is the value and the threshold factor c1The product of (a) and (b), namely:
G1=c1·|x′k|2 (6)
202. calculating the power of each point of x and recording the power as a vector P [ | x [ ]1|2,|x2|2,...,|xn|2]Using P and a first threshold G1Calculating a detection quantity V:
V=P-G1 (7)
203. according to the power P of the radar echo peak pointpAnd a first threshold G1Calculating a second threshold G2(for detecting strong scattering points) and a combining threshold G3(for detection of weak scattering points):
G2=(Pp-G1)×c2 (8)
G3=(Pp-G1)×c3 (9)
wherein c is2、c3Respectively a second threshold coefficient and a combined threshold coefficient, and 0 < c3<c2<1。
204. Recording the detected quantity V is greater than the threshold G2R points of (A) are strong scattering points
Figure BDA0002659633840000071
205. Marking
Figure BDA0002659633840000072
Head as first target1Then is followed by
Figure BDA0002659633840000073
The strong scattering points start to be traversed.
206. Recording current traversal point
Figure BDA0002659633840000074
And
Figure BDA0002659633840000075
is a distance of
Figure BDA0002659633840000076
The current target is j. Judgment of
Figure BDA0002659633840000077
And setting a threshold value T1The relationship (2) of (c). If it is
Figure BDA0002659633840000078
Judging that the two points belong to the same target j, and performing step 209; if it is
Figure BDA0002659633840000079
Then step 207 is performed to further determine the two-point relationship.
207. Note the book
Figure BDA00026596338400000710
And
Figure BDA00026596338400000711
all the pass-thresholds G between corresponding positions in x3S points of (a) are weak scattering points
Figure BDA00026596338400000712
Calculating the proportion R of the total points between two points:
Figure BDA00026596338400000713
judging R and setting threshold T2The relationship (2) of (c). If R > T2If yes, the two points belong to the same target j, and go to step 209; if R < T2If yes, then the two points are judged not to belong to the same target, and step 208 is performed.
208. Order to
Figure BDA00026596338400000714
Tail of target jjThen target j is [ headj,tailj]Corresponding intervals in the echo x. Order to
Figure BDA00026596338400000715
Head for target j +1j+1Proceed to step 209.
209. Judging whether the traversal is completed or not, and if the traversal is completed, performing step 210; if the traversal has not been completed, the traversal continues and step 206 is performed.
210. Order to
Figure BDA00026596338400000716
And all target echo segments are obtained as the tail of the last target.
211. And (3) carrying out front and back double-edge valley point search (namely determining a local minimum point) on the echo segment of each target in the echo x, and then expanding 2 points outwards in the echo x to obtain an initial aggregation segment.
Step three, carrying out progressive association and screening on initial aggregation fragments
301. When the initial number of aggregated fragments is 1, performing step 302; when the number of the initial polymerization fragments is M, M is more than or equal to 2, and the current initial polymerization fragment is taken as TarmM1, 2,3,.., M-1, statistical TarmNumber of strong scattering points in
Figure BDA00026596338400000717
If it is
Figure BDA00026596338400000718
And is
Figure BDA00026596338400000719
Then TarmAnd Tarm+1No association is made.
Memory fragment TarmAnd Tarm+1The distance between is Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1) Judging Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1) And setting a threshold value T3The relationship (2) of (c). If Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1)>T3Then Tar ismAnd Tarm+1No association is made.
If it is
Figure BDA0002659633840000081
And Length (Tar)m-1,Tarm)>T4,Length(Tarm,Tarm+1)>T4Then Tar ism-1And Tarm+1No association is made.
And merging the remaining adjacent aggregation fragments into the same target to finish progressive association.
302. Note the current aggregation fragment TarmIs Length (Tar)m) The minimum length of the segment is L1Screening out Length (Tar)m)<L1The polymeric fragment of (a);
303. computing Tar according to the steps 102-105mScreening out the aggregation fragments with the SNR less than T from the SNR of the peak point;
304. noting that the maximum length of the fragment is L2Judgment of TarmFront and rear L2And (4) whether other aggregated fragments with the number of strong scattering points being 1 exist or not, and screening the aggregated fragments if the aggregated fragments exist.
305. Screening for Length (Tar)m)>L2And (4) outputting a final polymerization result.
Examples
The effect of the present invention can be illustrated by the following experiment of measured data
Setting a scene:
the radar echo used in this example contains 2 targets P.
Parameter selection:
signal-to-clutter ratio preset threshold T of 14dB
OS-CFAR order statistic order number k 178
Threshold factor c1=20
Threshold factor c2=0.0632
Threshold factor c3=0.0316
Distance preset threshold T1=2.5m
Weak scattering point ratio preset threshold T2=0.3
Neighboring segment distance threshold T3=10m
Neighboring point to fragment distance threshold T4=4m
Minimum fragment length threshold L1=1m
Threshold value L for maximum fragment length2=10m
The experimental results are as follows:
fig. 4 shows the aggregation result, and it can be seen that the present invention accurately divides the target, the noise background, and other targets in one frame of radar echo at the same time.
The invention provides a method for polymerizing a target echo space of a narrow pulse radar based on double-threshold detection, which comprises the steps of respectively detecting strong scattering points and weak scattering points of a target by utilizing two groups of thresholds to obtain a primary polymerized segment, searching bilateral valley points, performing progressive association and screening on the primary polymerized segment to obtain a fine polymerized segment, and eliminating clutter and noise data to finish target space polymerization. The invention is an effective method for polymerizing the target echo space of the extremely narrow pulse radar, and can perform target space polymerization more optimally.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for spatial aggregation of echoes of an extremely narrow pulse radar distance correlation target is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, calculating a signal-to-noise ratio of a radar echo peak point, and judging whether echo aggregation is performed or not;
determining a first threshold by using an ordered statistics constant false alarm detection method; calculating a second threshold and a combination threshold based on the first threshold, wherein the second threshold is used for detecting strong scattering points, and the combination threshold is used for detecting weak scattering points; completing the detection of scattering points of the target HRRP by using a second threshold and a combination threshold; judging whether the adjacent detection points belong to the same target or not based on the detection result of the scattering points, and searching front and back bilateral valley points of a connected region where the same target is located to obtain a primary aggregation fragment;
and step three, carrying out progressive association on discrete fragments belonging to the same target, and removing the polymerization fragments with lower signal-to-noise ratio and length out of a reasonable range to obtain a final polymerization result.
2. The method for spatial aggregation of echoes of an extremely narrow pulse radar distance-dependent target according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the second step is as follows:
step 2.1, determining a first threshold G by using an ordered statistics constant false alarm detection method1
Step 2.2, according to the power P of the radar echo peak pointpAnd a first threshold G1Calculating a second threshold G2And a combining threshold G3
G2=(Pp-G1)×c2 (8)
G3=(Pp-G1)×c3 (9)
Wherein, c2、c3Respectively a second threshold coefficient and a combined threshold coefficient, and 0 < c3<c2<1;
Step 2.3, recording that the detected quantity V is greater than a threshold G2R points of (A) are strong scattering points
Figure FDA0002659633830000011
V=P-G1,P=[|x1|2,|x2|2,...,|xn|2],x=[x1,x2,...,xn],x∈R+X is the radar echo after the modulus is taken;
step 2.4, labeling
Figure FDA0002659633830000016
Head as first target1At the same timeRear slave
Figure FDA0002659633830000012
Starting to traverse the strong scattering points;
step 2.5, recording the current traversal point
Figure FDA0002659633830000013
And
Figure FDA0002659633830000014
is a distance of
Figure FDA0002659633830000015
The current target is j; judgment of
Figure FDA0002659633830000021
And setting a threshold value T1The relationship of (1); if it is
Figure FDA0002659633830000022
Judging that the two points belong to the same target j, and performing step 2.8; if it is
Figure FDA0002659633830000023
Step 2.6 is carried out, and the relationship between the two points is further judged;
step 2.6, remember
Figure FDA0002659633830000024
And
Figure FDA0002659633830000025
all the pass-thresholds G between corresponding positions in x3S points of (a) are weak scattering points
Figure FDA0002659633830000026
Calculating the proportion R of the total points between two points:
Figure FDA0002659633830000027
judging R and setting threshold T2The relationship of (1): if R > T2If yes, judging that the two points belong to the same target j, and performing step 2.8; if R < T2If yes, judging that the two points do not belong to the same target, and performing step 2.7;
step 2.7, order
Figure FDA00026596338300000211
Tail of target jjThen target j is [ headj,tailj]The corresponding interval in the echo x; order to
Figure FDA00026596338300000212
Head for target j +1j+1And (5) performing step 2.8;
step 2.8, judging whether the traversal is finished or not, and if the traversal is finished, performing step 2.9; if the traversal is not finished, continuing the traversal and carrying out the step 2.5;
step 2.9, order
Figure FDA00026596338300000213
All target echo segments are obtained as the tail of the last target; and searching front and back bilateral valley points of a connected region where the same target is located to obtain a preliminary aggregation fragment.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the third step, the step of progressively correlating discrete segments belonging to the same target specifically comprises:
when the number of the initial aggregation segments is 1, skipping progressive association operation and directly performing elimination operation; when the number of the initial polymerization fragments is M, M is more than or equal to 2, and the current initial polymerization fragment is taken as TarmM1, 2,3,.., M-1, statistical TarmNumber of strong scattering points in
Figure FDA0002659633830000028
If it is
Figure FDA0002659633830000029
And is
Figure FDA00026596338300000210
Then TarmAnd Tarm+1No association is made;
memory fragment TarmAnd Tarm+1The distance between is Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1) Judging Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1) And setting a threshold value T3The relationship of (1); if Length (Tar)m,Tarm+1)>T3Then Tar ismAnd Tarm+1No association is made;
if it is
Figure FDA0002659633830000031
m is greater than or equal to 2, and Length (Tar)m-1,Tarm)>T4,Length(Tarm,Tarm+1)>T4Then Tar ism-1And Tarm+1No association is made;
and merging the remaining adjacent aggregation fragments into the same target to finish progressive association.
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CN116299401A (en) * 2023-05-19 2023-06-23 成都航空职业技术学院 Constant false alarm method and device based on target scattering point position and storage medium thereof
CN118348484A (en) * 2024-06-18 2024-07-16 成都天地一格科技有限公司 Target fragment extraction method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

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