CN112197824A - Direct-reading water meter based on Hall sensing coding and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Direct-reading water meter based on Hall sensing coding and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
- G01F1/58—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/07—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism
- G01F15/075—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism using electrically-operated integrating means
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Abstract
The invention relates to a direct-reading water meter based on Hall sensing codes, which comprises a main circuit board, a plurality of sampling sheets, a plurality of character wheels, a main control chip U2, a power supply chip U1, a communication chip U4 and a register chip U5, wherein the sampling sheets and the character wheels are arranged on the main circuit board in pairs and are vertically arranged on the main circuit board, a data interface of each sampling sheet is led to the main control chip U2, the main control chip U2 forms interruption according to soft timing to acquire the level on each data interface at regular time and converts the level into a corresponding numerical value at the same time to form a water meter flow reading in a combined mode, and the flow reading is stored in the register chip U5 in a bus writing mode. The invention realizes that the real flow of the user water meter is obtained by a high-precision, low-power consumption and high-anti-interference coding mode of the direct-reading water meter, can be used for upgrading the photoelectric direct-reading water meter through the overall low-consumption design and the realization method, greatly improves the usability of the water meter, and can also extend the realization of other functions such as the Internet of things through the RS485 bus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel water meter flow sampling mode, in particular to a direct-reading water meter based on Hall sensing coding and an implementation method thereof. Belong to intelligent water gauge technical field.
Background
Under the development of 5G, Internet of things, big data and other technologies, the water, electricity and gas meters are networked and micro-information is pushed, so that the water consumption can be checked in real time, besides various communication modes, the sampling principle is also various, the prior intelligent water meter has a pulse sampling meter, a passive photoelectric direct reading meter, a non-magnetic sampling meter and an early pulse meter, because of the problems of the anti-interference capability of a processor, the filtering of interference signals, the software processing method and the like, a plurality of manufacturers of the intelligent water meter can not solve the problem, the passive photoelectric direct reading meter is released, the method has the advantages that the power does not need to be applied at ordinary times, after the power is applied on, the position of a water meter character wheel is judged according to the level state of an infrared photoelectric tube, the method is applied to a dry water meter, the infrared transmitting tube and the photoelectric receiving tube are very close in distance, the flow value of the water meter can be conveniently identified through an opening on the character wheel, but the dry, the sunlight influences the receiving voltage of the photoelectric receiving tube and the like; the photoelectric direct-reading sampling mode is applied to the wet water meter, the influence of sunlight can be ignored, other problems exist, bubbles exist in water, when the bubbles are located between the infrared emitting device and the photoelectric receiving device, infrared light cannot directly irradiate the photoelectric tube, and reading errors are caused. After the passive photoelectric direct-reading water meter develops and has a bottleneck, a nonmagnetic water meter which needs to be powered by a battery is developed, and the problems that the sampling distance is short, the character wheel of the water meter is shielded and the like exist in the water meter of the type.
With the development of the hall technology, the volume of the existing hall device can be 1 x 1.4 mm, the thickness is only 0.4 mm, and when the hall device is powered by 3 volts, the quiescent current is only 1.5 microamperes. The Hall device has small volume, low power consumption and stable signal detection, and the adoption of the Hall device to replace photoelectric sensing to realize direct reading of the water meter is a good method.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the current industrial dilemma of the direct-reading water meter, the reliability, the durability and the like are to be improved urgently, the direct-reading water meter based on the Hall sensing coding and the implementation method thereof are provided, a plurality of Hall sensors are adopted for signal acquisition, and the problems of low consumption, ultra-small size and strong anti-interference are effectively solved.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: the utility model provides a direct-reading water gauge based on hall sensing code, includes main circuit board to and install a plurality of sampling pieces, a plurality of character wheels, master control chip U2, power chip U1, communication chip U4 and register chip U5 on main circuit board, sampling piece and character wheel are in pairs perpendicularly set up on main circuit board, and the even interval arrangement of both, the data interface of sampling piece leads to master control chip U2, master control chip U2 forms the level that breaks regularly to gather on every data interface according to soft timing, converts the level into corresponding numerical value simultaneously, and the combination forms water gauge flow reading, and the flow reading is saved in register chip U5 with writing bus mode, power chip U1 provides the power for master control chip U2, communication chip U4 and register chip U5, and communication chip U4 realizes the communication of master control chip U2 with external equipment.
Preferably, the sampling piece is semicircular structure, and the welding of straight line end is on main circuit board evenly the interval sets up a plurality ofly on the sampling piece has hall sensor sampling element, and a plurality of sampling elements are located the semicircle line of same radius, and every sampling element has data interface and links to each other with main control chip U2 be provided with the magnetic pole ring on the print wheel with the same radial ring of sampling element place semicircle, S, N utmost point in the magnetic pole ring is arranged in turn, provides corresponding magnetic field for hall sensor.
Preferably, the sampling element adopts a DRV5012 Hall sensor, the magnetic poles are attached to the character wheel according to three pairs S, N of poles which distribute a magnetic field according to the proportion of 8:2:5:8:2:5, and the magnetic pole layout is related to the Hall sensor layout.
Preferably, the sampling sheet outputs corresponding levels for the magnetic poles sensed by the magnetic pole rings on the character wheel; when the S pole is close to the top of the chip and exceeds the BOP threshold value, outputting a low level until the N pole is close to and exceeds the BRP threshold value, and outputting a high level, and thus, circularly sampling; the main control chip U2 samples the level output by each sampling element on the sampling chip in a soft timing mode by using an internal crystal oscillator mode, the main control chip U2 obtains a real numerical value corresponding to the sampling element through numerical value conversion, and the real numerical value of each sampling element is combined to obtain a flow value; the acquired flow value is stored for a fixed time, the main control chip U2 is sent to the register chip U5 through a bus, when data transmission is needed, an external editor inputs an instruction code, and the main control chip analyzes the instruction and packs the data for transmission according to the content of the function code.
Preferably, the level output by the sampling element on each sampling chip is a binary value, the binary value is converted into a hexadecimal value through the main control chip U2, and then the hexadecimal value is searched in a preset code type data table, and the code type data table stores the corresponding relation between the hexadecimal value and the decimal value, so as to obtain the real value corresponding to the sampling element.
Preferably, the main control chip U2 and the external editor transmit commands in a far-response trigger mode, and without an external command, the main control chip does not send a signal to the outside through the communication chip U4, and only when the external editor sends the following command format: and 3byte codes +1byte function codes +2byte CRC check, wherein the main control chip judges whether the codes are the water meter identifications or not, checks the data through CRC (cyclic redundancy check) after the codes are the same, and respectively processes the data according to the contents of the function codes after the codes are correct.
Preferably, the function code includes three cases: one is 01, used to obtain instant data, which can be used to check the equipment status or troubleshooting; one is 02, which is used for obtaining all information stored in the register and can be used for data analysis and mining work; one is 03 and the register data is cleared.
Preferably, after receiving the instruction code of the external editor, the main control chip U2 prepares data according to the function code if the analysis is correct, and transmits a frame format of 3byte code +1byte function code + nbbyte data +2byte rc check, and when the function code is 01, transmits an instruction of 3byte code +1byte function code +5byte data +2byte rc check, where the data is arranged in order of bits, and when the function code is 02, transmits an instruction of 3byte code +1byte function code +20byte data +2byte rc check, and the data is extracted from a register, ordered from low to high according to addresses until the complete data is extracted, and when the function code 03, the register data is cleared.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts 5 Hall sensors to form a sampling sheet, the sampling sheet is used as a sampling element to realize effective data acquisition of a character wheel with a special magnetic pole, each sampling sheet outputs 5 groups of levels to form a group of codes, 0-9 reading of corresponding digits is obtained by inquiring a code type data table, and the reading of all digits can be obtained by combination, namely the real flow of the direct-reading water meter; the obtained real flow is stored in a register by 5 bytes according to time sequence and can be used for data transmission and user water consumption data analysis; when data transmission is needed, specific data transmission is carried out by adopting an RS485 bus according to the requirement of a function code, and the transmitted data contains a water meter identifier, so that a user can be conveniently positioned; all collection, storage and transmission are completed by a single chip microcomputer processing chip, and peripheral device selection is low-consumption devices, so that low power consumption of the whole reading device is guaranteed.
The invention solves the problems of air bubbles and sunlight interference of the existing photoelectric direct-reading water meters which are used in large quantity, adopts an ultra-low power consumption sampling component, and is suitable for various intelligent water meters with harsh requirements on working current.
The invention can directly replace the original photoelectric direct-reading meter, only needs to simply modify the character wheel, and does not need to modify other moulds, thereby greatly saving the time and the cost for opening the moulds.
The invention solves the problems of the photoelectric direct-reading meter and is an upgrading scheme of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall layout diagram of a direct-reading water meter implementation method based on hall sensing coding according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a layout view of the sampling sheet of the present invention in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hall sensor based sampling sheet of fig. 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a layout view of the magnetic poles of the print wheel of fig. 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main control chip in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the register of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the RS485 bus of fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the power supply in fig. 1.
Fig. 9 is a far-reaching frame format of the direct-reading water meter implementation method based on hall sensing coding of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a processing flow chart of a direct-reading water meter implementation method based on Hall sensing coding according to the present invention
FIG. 11 is a pattern diagram of the sampling sheet of FIG. 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a corresponding pattern conversion table in fig. 11.
Wherein: a, sampling a sheet; f, a print wheel; u2, a master control chip; u1, power chip; u4, communication chip; u5, register chip.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment is a direct-reading water meter implementation method based on Hall sensing codes, the actual water quantity of the water meter is obtained by integrally adopting a Hall sensor and character wheel sensing degree mode, wherein the Hall sensor is a sampling element, the specific sampling element is a DRV5012, and 5 DRV5012 are uniformly distributed and arranged in a semicircular ring to form a sampling sheet; magnetic poles are arranged in a circular ring on the character wheel, which has the same radius as the layout of the semi-circular ring of the Hall sensor of the sampling sheet, and S, N poles are alternately changed to provide a corresponding magnetic field for the Hall sensor; vertically welding 5 sampling sheets on a main circuit board, leading a data interface into a main processing chip LPC824, regularly acquiring the level of each interface (corresponding to 5 DRV5012 outputs on the sampling sheets) by the LPC824 according to soft timing interruption, converting to obtain each digit value, and combining to form a water meter flow reading; the flow data is sorted according to the number of bits to form a group of real readings, and the real readings are stored in an MB85RC16 register in a writing ic bus mode; when data transmission is needed, the RS485 field bus reads values in real time or from a register according to a frame format.
Referring to fig. 1, in the method for realizing the direct-reading water meter based on the hall sensing code, a circuit adopts horizontal and vertical layout, a main circuit adopts a semicircular structure and is horizontally placed, sampling plates are arranged perpendicular to the main circuit at certain intervals, and pins at the lower part of the sampling plates are welded on the main circuit; the character wheel and the sampling sheet appear in pairs, the magnetic pole layout is related to the Hall sensor layout, the character wheel magnetic pole provides an induction source for the sampling sheet, and the sampling sheet induction signal pin is output to the main circuit board and is led to the main control chip U2 according to the circuit board lead; the U2 is the brain of main circuit, commands U4 communication chip, U5 register chip, and these chips are unified and are provided reference voltage by U1 power chip, and the main circuit is electrified back D1 pilot lamp and is lighted, and external data interface is undertaken by J1.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, in the method for implementing a direct-reading water meter based on hall sensing codes, a sampling sheet a and a character wheel F appear in pairs, and the DRV5012 hall sensor has the following control principles: when the S pole is close to the top of the chip and exceeds the BOP threshold value, outputting a low level until the N pole is close to and exceeds the BRP threshold value, and outputting a high level, and thus, circularly sampling; the 5 DRV5012 Hall sensors on the sampling sheet A are uniformly distributed on a semicircular ring of the sampling sheet, the level of a corresponding magnetic pole when a character wheel F rotates can be sensed, the magnetic pole of the character wheel F is also distributed in a circular ring which has the same radius as the semicircular ring formed by the DRV5012, S, N poles are alternately arranged, the ratio of the poles is 8:2:5:8:2:5, S, N pole magnets are bonded on the character wheel in an attaching mode, S, N pole magnets are specially customized, the distance between the corresponding Hall sensors can be ensured as far as possible within a limited range, and the output stability and the anti-interference capability are improved.
Referring to fig. 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10, the circuit board is a sub-module schematic diagram, the DRV5012 circuit principle of the sampling sheet is very simple, only a filter capacitor is needed to be added between a power supply and the ground, the sampling can be automatically carried out at the frequency of 20Hz after the power is on, and corresponding levels are output according to the induced magnetic poles; 5 DRV5012 outputs of each sampling chip are respectively introduced into a U2 main control chip, the U2 main control chip uses an internal crystal oscillator mode, the 5 levels are sampled in a soft timing mode, namely an internal timer function is adopted, the sampled numerical value is searched in a code type data table to obtain a real numerical value of the position, and a flow value can be obtained by 5-position combination; the acquired data is sent to a register of an MB85RC16 of a U4 communication chip by a U2 main control chip through a II2 bus according to the storage timing time, binary values obtained by 5 sampling pieces are converted into 16-system numbers, the 16-system numbers correspond to 5 addresses for storage, the storage sequence is ten thousand bits, hundred bits, ten bits and one bit, and each time, the storage sequence occupies 5 bytes; when data transmission is needed, an external collecting and editing device inputs instruction codes, a main control chip analyzes the instructions and packages data according to the content of the function codes for transmission, a physical interface is RS485 which is a universal field bus, and the data can be conveniently changed into the forms of wifi, radio frequency, internet of things and the like through some conversion modules, so that the expansibility is very strong; the external power supply is a 9V battery, and 3.3V direct current is output through a voltage stabilizing chip HT7533 to supply power to all chips; the whole circuit board device is a low-consumption chip, so that the low-consumption special type of the whole device is ensured.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in the remote instruction format, the device adopts a response triggering mode, that is, in the absence of an external instruction, the main control chip does not send a signal to the outside through the communication chip, and only when the external editor sends the following instruction format: when the 3byte code +1byte function code +2byte RC are verified, the main control chip firstly judges whether the code is the water meter identification, then the data are verified through the CRC, the data are respectively processed according to the content of the function code after the code is correct, 3 function codes are set, one function code is 01, the function codes are used for obtaining instant data (real-time sampling data), and the function codes can be used for checking the equipment state or troubleshooting; one is 02, which is used for obtaining all information stored in the register and can be used for data analysis, mining and other works; one is 03 and the register data is cleared. After the main control chip receives the instruction code, under the condition of correct analysis, data is prepared according to the function code, the transmission frame format is 3byte code +1byte function code + nbbyte data +2byte RC check, when the function code is 01, the transmission frame format is 3byte code +1byte function code +5byte data +2byte RC check, wherein the data are arranged according to the digit sequence, when the function code is 02, the transmission frame format is 3byte code +1byte function code +20byte data +2byte RC check, the data are extracted from the register and are sequenced from low to high according to the address until complete data are extracted, and when the function code is 03, the register data are cleared.
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, in the hall sensor coding calculation, in the actual operation of the print wheel F, the print wheel is also rotated under the driving of the transmission structure along with the rotation of the water wheel, that is, the S, N magnetic poles on the print wheel are rotated to the position of the sampling sheet, so that the output levels of 5 sensors on the sampling sheet are changed, as shown in fig. 11. Through the 5 groups of level diagrams, a code pattern comparison table as shown in fig. 12 is formed, when the single chip microcomputer LPC284 carries out sampling according to sampling timing, an obtained binary value of a port is converted into a 16-system value, the code pattern comparison table is searched, digits can be obtained, all digits can be obtained by analogy, and the real water meter consumption is obtained by combination. For example, if the single chip microcomputer acquires that a certain sampling piece port is 11111, the 16-system is 1F, and the number 7 corresponds to the number 1F by looking up the table, the bit-changed value is 7.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a direct-reading water gauge based on hall sensing code which characterized in that: including main circuit board to and install a plurality of sampling pieces, a plurality of character wheels, master control chip U2, power chip U1, communication chip U4 and register chip U5 on main circuit board, sampling piece and character wheel are in pairs perpendicularly set up on main circuit board, and the even interval arrangement of both, the data interface of sampling piece leads to master control chip U2, master control chip U2 forms the level of interrupt regularly gathering on every data interface according to soft timing, convert the level into corresponding numerical value simultaneously, and the combination forms the water gauge flow reading, and the flow reading is stored in register chip U5 with writing bus mode, power chip U1 provides the power for master control chip U2, communication chip U4 and register chip U5, and communication chip U4 realizes the communication of master control chip U2 and external equipment.
2. The direct-reading water meter based on the Hall sensing code according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling piece is semicircular structure, and the welding of straight line end is on main circuit board even interval sets up a plurality of hall sensor sampling elements that have on the sampling piece, and a plurality of sampling elements are located the semicircle line of same radius, and every sampling element has data interface and links to each other with main control chip U2 be provided with the magnetic pole ring on the print wheel with the same radial ring of sampling element place semicircle, S, N utmost point in the magnetic pole ring is arranged in turn, provides corresponding magnetic field for hall sensor.
3. The direct-reading water meter based on the Hall sensing code according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling element adopts a DRV5012 Hall sensor, the magnetic poles are pasted on the character wheel according to three pairs of S, N poles of a magnetic field distributed according to the proportion of 8:2:5:8:2:5, and the magnetic pole layout is related to the Hall sensor layout.
4. The method for implementing the direct-reading water meter based on the Hall sensing code as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sampling sheet outputs corresponding electrical level aiming at the induced magnetic pole of the magnetic pole ring on the character wheel; when the S pole is close to the top of the chip and exceeds the BOP threshold value, outputting a low level until the N pole is close to and exceeds the BRP threshold value, and outputting a high level, and thus, circularly sampling; the main control chip U2 samples the level output by each sampling element on the sampling chip in a soft timing mode by using an internal crystal oscillator mode, the main control chip U2 obtains a real numerical value corresponding to the sampling element through numerical value conversion, and the real numerical value of each sampling element is combined to obtain a flow value; the acquired flow value is stored for a fixed time, the main control chip U2 is sent to the register chip U5 through a bus, when data transmission is needed, an external editor inputs an instruction code, and the main control chip analyzes the instruction and packs the data for transmission according to the content of the function code.
5. The method for realizing the direct-reading water meter based on the Hall sensing code as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the level output by the sampling element on each sampling sheet is a binary value, the binary value is converted into a hexadecimal value through the main control chip U2, then the hexadecimal value is searched in a preset code type data table according to the hexadecimal value, and the corresponding relation between the hexadecimal value and the decimal value is stored in the code type data table, so that the real value corresponding to the sampling element is obtained.
6. The method for realizing the direct-reading water meter based on the Hall sensing code as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the main control chip U2 and the external editor adopt a remote response triggering mode to transmit instructions, and the main control chip does not send signals to the outside through the communication chip U4 under the condition of no external instruction, and only when the external editor sends the following instruction format: and 3byte codes +1byte function codes +2byte CRC check, wherein the main control chip judges whether the codes are the water meter identifications or not, checks the data through CRC (cyclic redundancy check) after the codes are the same, and respectively processes the data according to the contents of the function codes after the codes are correct.
7. The method for realizing the direct-reading water meter based on the Hall sensing code as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the function code includes three cases: one is 01, used to obtain instant data, which can be used to check the equipment status or troubleshooting; one is 02, which is used for obtaining all information stored in the register and can be used for data analysis and mining work; one is 03 and the register data is cleared.
8. The method for implementing the direct-reading water meter based on the Hall sensing code as claimed in claim 7, wherein: after receiving the instruction code of the external editor, the main control chip U2 prepares data according to the function code under the condition of correct analysis, and the transmission frame format is 3byte code +1byte function code + nbyte data +2byte rc check, when the function code is 01, the main control chip U2 issues an instruction for 3byte code +1byte function code +5byte data +2byte rc check, wherein the data is arranged according to the bit sequence, when the function code is 02, the instruction is 3byte code +1byte function code +20byte data +2byte rc check, the data is extracted from the register, the data is ordered from low to high according to the address, until the complete data is extracted, and when the function code 03, the register data is cleared.
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| CN113015299A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-22 | 北京航天常兴科技发展股份有限公司 | High-power lighting lamp for centralized communication control |
| CN113514114A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-19 | 罗美特（上海）自动化仪表股份有限公司 | Photoelectric direct-reading magnetic induction double-sampling flow meter |
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