CN112190399A - Intelligent diaper using paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack as self-power supply - Google Patents
Intelligent diaper using paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack as self-power supply Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010147 laser engraving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036544 posture Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
- A61F2013/424—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm having an electronic device
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种以纸基微流体燃料电池堆作为自供电源的智能尿不湿以及制备方法，其结构原理是在尿不湿中由附在滤纸上的吸收垫、碳纸、碳布等进行组合，以滤纸通道上的尿液为燃料，空气中的氧气作为氧化剂，大肠杆菌作为尿液反应的催化剂，基于燃料电池的电化学反应产生电能，作为监测装置的电源。纸基微流体燃料电池堆作为一个整体置于尿不湿的吸收芯层内，每个智能尿不湿内均配备一个，并且是一次性的。检测装置贴敷于尿不湿底布层外侧，可方便拆装重复使用。尿不湿具有良好的柔性和经济性，纸基微流体燃料电池堆可以随着婴幼儿或病人的动作姿态而随意改变形状且不影响性能。尿不湿产生尿液后，监测装置可通过手机发出提示以及定位功能。
The invention discloses an intelligent diaper using a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack as a self-supplied power source and a preparation method thereof. Combined, the urine on the filter paper channel is used as fuel, the oxygen in the air is used as an oxidant, and Escherichia coli is used as a catalyst for the reaction of urine, and electricity is generated based on the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell as the power source of the monitoring device. The paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack is placed as a whole within the absorbent core layer of the diaper, one for each smart diaper, and is disposable. The detection device is attached to the outer side of the diaper bottom cloth layer, which can be easily disassembled and re-used. Diapers have good flexibility and economy, and the paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack can freely change shape with the movements of infants or patients without affecting performance. After the diaper produces urine, the monitoring device can send out prompts and positioning functions through the mobile phone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of sanitary nursing products, and mainly relates to an intelligent diaper product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The diaper as a daily necessity brings great convenience to infants, old people without self-care ability, patients and the like. However, the diaper is soaked by urine and then contacts the skin of a human body for a long time, which not only causes discomfort, but also causes skin diseases such as eczema (CN 209270088U). At present, the wetting condition of the diaper is mainly judged through the change of external colors, but sometimes the wetting condition is not favorable for observation of a guardian under the shielding of clothes, so that the condition that the patient needs to pay attention to the wetting condition at any moment is very inconvenient. Therefore, if the intelligent diaper with the alarm function is invented to remind a guardian of replacement in time, great gospel is brought to people.
At present, the intelligent diaper mainly comprises a diaper material and a detection device (CN 110507481A, CN 110123531A). The common urine material comprises a surface layer, an absorption core layer and a base cloth layer; the detection device generally comprises a sensor, an energy supply element, a data control device, a signal transmission device and the like. The detection device senses the humidity in the diaper through the humidity sensing element; the pressure sensing element senses the weight increment of the absorption core layer caused by the urine content; the data controller can deduce the urine volume in the diaper according to the parameters of humidity, pressure and the like, and then transmits the information to the mobile phone (APP) in real time through the signal transmitting element, so that the guardian can real-timely judge the state of the diaper.
As is well known, an ideal intelligent diaper must have the following characteristics to be popularized and used: (1) the use is convenient; (2) the price is low; (3) the monitoring device is safe and sanitary. However, the current use of intelligent diapers has many problems, such as: button (lithium ion) batteries are commonly used as energy supply elements to provide electric energy, the diaper is disposable, and frequent replacement can cause the loss or the abandonment of the detection device. The electric energy of the battery in the device is not consumed and can be discarded in a large amount, thereby causing waste and environmental pollution. Therefore, the development of an intelligent diaper, especially an energy supply element, which satisfies the characteristics, is convenient to use, low in cost and environment-friendly has become an urgent need of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defect of the existing intelligent diaper, the invention aims to provide the intelligent diaper using the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack as a self-powered power supply and a preparation method thereof.
The principle and technical solution of the present invention will be explained below. The invention is divided into an intelligent urine-proof structure of a self-powered power supply and a preparation method of a paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack.
The intelligent diaper with paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack as self-powered power supply comprises: the diaper comprises a diaper base material, filter paper, carbon cloth, a humidity sensing element, a GPRS positioning module, a wireless communication module, a micro control unit, a smart phone, a laser engraving machine, an electrostatic spraying instrument and the like. The technical scheme is as follows: the diaper base material consists of a surface layer, an absorption core layer and a bottom cloth layer, and the monitoring device consists of a humidity sensing element, a GPRS positioning module, a wireless communication module and a micro control unit. One end of the filter paper is tightly attached to the absorption pad, and the other end of the filter paper is of a Y-shaped structure to form two branch front ends. The middle edge of the filter paper is symmetrically provided with carbon paper and carbon cloth, a urine flow channel is formed by the filter paper and the absorption pad, and the filter paper, the absorption pad attached to the filter paper, the carbon paper and the carbon cloth are combined to form the paper-based microfluid fuel cell. More than 4 fuel cells are combined into a paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack is packaged by a film, and the Y-shaped structure end of the filter paper is open and is used as a urine suction inlet. The paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack was placed as a whole inside the absorbent core layer of the diaper substrate, and the monitoring device was applied outside the bottom layer. The carbon paper and the carbon cloth on each piece of filter paper in the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack are respectively connected together in series by a lead, and the terminal of the lead penetrates out of the absorption core layer and the bottom cloth layer and is connected to a monitoring device. The electric energy generated by the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack is used as a working power supply of the monitoring device.
The intelligent urine-proof preparation method using paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack as self-powered power supply comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting filter paper, an absorption pad and carbon paper into required shapes by using a laser engraving machine, and cutting carbon cloth into the required shapes, wherein the length and the width of each material are respectively as follows: filter paper 8cm × 2 cm; 2cm × 1.5cm of the absorption pad; carbon paper 1.5cm × 0.7 cm; the carbon cloth is 1.5cm × 0.7 cm.
(2) Depositing 1.5mol/L H at the front end of one branch of the Y-shaped structure filter paper2SO4And (3) depositing a 3mol/L KOH solution at the front end of the other branch, and naturally drying.
(3) The catalyst for catalyzing the oxygen reaction is prepared by spraying Pt/C on an electrostatic spraying instrument, is sprayed on carbon paper, and is coated with Nafion solution to prevent the catalyst from falling off.
(4) Preparing the escherichia coli suspension into a catalyst for catalyzing urine reaction, placing the carbon cloth in a bottle containing the catalyst, and freeze-drying the carbon cloth in a freeze dryer.
(5) And (3) sticking the carbon cloth, the carbon paper and the lead to the fixed position of the filter paper by using a waterproof adhesive tape.
(6) Repeating the former five steps to manufacture 4 paper-based microfluid fuel cells, and respectively connecting the carbon paper and the carbon cloth in series by using a lead to form a paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack.
(7) And (3) packaging the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack by using a PE plastic film with the thickness of 0.1mm, wherein the front ends of the branches of the cell stack are open.
(8) The battery stack is laid and embedded in an absorption core layer of the diaper base material, a measuring head signal wire of the humidity sensing element, the carbon paper and a carbon cloth lead are integrated into a whole and connected with a monitoring device through a connector, and the button type monitoring device is attached to the outside of a bottom layer of the diaper base material.
The main innovation of the invention is that: the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack can supply energy to the intelligent diaper monitoring device after encountering urine, so that the intelligent diaper with self-energy supply is formed. The paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack is formed by connecting a plurality of paper-based microfluidic fuel cells in series, the fuel cell takes filter paper as a urine flowing channel, human urine as fuel on the filter paper channel, oxygen in air as an oxidant, escherichia coli as a catalyst for urine reaction, and Pt/C as a catalyst for air reaction, and electric energy is generated based on the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cells.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that: (1) urine is used as fuel, a self-energy supply device is provided for intelligent diaper through reaction of a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack, and waste and environmental pollution caused by discarding batteries without consuming electric energy in the existing intelligent diaper are avoided. (2) The intelligent baby diaper monitoring device has good flexibility and economy, the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack can be randomly changed in shape according to the postures of infants or patients without affecting the performance, the intelligent baby diaper monitoring device can be conveniently detached, and the repeated utilization rate is high. (3) After the diaper generates urine in use, the monitoring device can send out prompt and positioning functions through the mobile phone. (4) Convenient use, low manufacturing cost, safe and sanitary monitoring device, and no harm to the skin of the infant or the patient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main view structure of an intelligent diaper with a self-powered power supply.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a self-powered smart diaper absorbent core.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a monitoring device in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and construction of the present invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments are provided for clearly explaining the structural principle of the present invention, and do not limit the technical features of the claims.
The structure and the principle of the intelligent diaper using the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack as a self-powered power supply are as follows: the diaper substrate is composed of a surface layer 1, an absorption core layer 2 and a base cloth layer 3 (as shown in figure 1); the monitoring device 4 (as shown in fig. 4) is composed of a humidity sensing element, a GPRS positioning module, a wireless communication module and a micro control unit. One end of the filter paper 6 is tightly attached to the absorption pad 7, and the other end of the filter paper is in a Y-shaped structure to form two branch front ends. The carbon paper 8 and the carbon cloth 9 are symmetrically arranged at the middle edge of the filter paper, a urine flow channel is formed by the filter paper and the absorption pad, and the filter paper, the absorption pad attached to the filter paper, the carbon paper and the carbon cloth are combined to form the paper-based micro-fluid fuel cell. More than 4 fuel cells are combined into a paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack 5, the fuel cell stack is packaged by a thin film, and the Y-shaped structure end of the filter paper is opened to be used as a urine suction port 10 (as shown in figures 2 and 3). The paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack is integrally arranged in an absorption core layer of the diaper base material, the monitoring device is attached to the outside of a bottom layer (as shown in figure 1), carbon paper and carbon cloth on each piece of filter paper in the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack are respectively connected in series through a lead 11, and the terminal of the lead penetrates through the absorption core layer and a bottom cloth layer and is connected to the monitoring device. The electric energy generated by the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack is used as a working power supply of the monitoring device.
And a wireless communication module in the monitoring device is connected with an APP user side of the smart phone. The measuring head of the humidity sensing element is installed in the liquid absorption core layer, the humidity signal line penetrates out of the absorption core layer and the bottom cloth layer and is connected to the humidity sensing element in the monitoring device, and the monitoring device can be detached. The carbon paper and the carbon cloth are respectively stuck on the filter paper by the waterproof adhesive tape 12.
The intelligent urine-proof preparation method using paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack as self-powered power supply comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting filter paper, an absorption pad and carbon paper into required shapes by using a laser engraving machine, and cutting carbon cloth into the required shapes, wherein the length and the width of each material are respectively as follows: filter paper 8cm × 2 cm; 2cm × 1.5cm of the absorption pad; carbon paper 1.5cm × 0.7 cm; the carbon cloth is 1.5cm × 0.7 cm.
(2) Depositing 1.5mol/L H at the front end of one branch of the Y-shaped structure filter paper2SO4And (3) depositing a 3mol/L KOH solution at the front end of the other branch, and naturally drying.
(3) The catalyst for catalyzing the oxygen reaction is prepared by spraying Pt/C on an electrostatic spraying instrument, is sprayed on carbon paper, and is coated with Nafion solution to prevent the catalyst from falling off.
(4) Preparing the escherichia coli suspension into a catalyst for catalyzing urine reaction, placing the carbon cloth in a bottle containing the catalyst, and freeze-drying the carbon cloth in a freeze dryer.
(5) And (3) sticking the carbon cloth, the carbon paper and the lead to the fixed position of the filter paper by using a waterproof adhesive tape.
(6) The five previous steps are repeated, 4 paper-based microfluidic fuel cells are manufactured in the embodiment, and the carbon paper and the carbon cloth are respectively connected in series by using the conducting wires to form a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack.
(7) And (3) packaging the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack by using a PE plastic film with the thickness of 0.1mm, wherein the front ends of the branches of the cell stack are open.
(8) The battery stack is laid and embedded in an absorption core layer of the diaper base material, a measuring head signal wire of the humidity sensing element, the carbon paper and a carbon cloth lead are integrated into a whole and connected with a monitoring device through a connector, and the button type monitoring device is attached to the outside of a bottom layer of the diaper base material.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the infant or the patient produces urine, the urine permeates through the non-wet surface layer and flows into the absorption core layer, and then is quickly absorbed and diffused to the whole core layer. Because the fuel cell stack is packaged by a film, and only the Y-shaped structure end of the filter paper is open, part of urine enters the inlet end of the paper-based microfluid fuel cell stack through the suction inlet and can continuously flow under the absorption action of the tail end absorption pad. Because 1.5mol/L of H is deposited on the front end of one branch of the Y-structured filter paper2SO4Solution, 3mol/L KOH solution is deposited at the front end of the other branch; the catalyst Pt for catalyzing the oxygen reaction is sprayed on the carbon paper; catalyzed urine on carbon cloth (made from E.coli suspension)A catalyst for liquid reaction. Therefore, urine is used as an anode reactant on the carbon cloth and is catalyzed by escherichia coli to react to generate reactants such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen, oxygen permeates through the lower base cloth layer to be used as a cathode reactant on the carbon paper and is catalyzed by Pt/C to react to generate water. The reaction of urine and oxygen can generate electric energy, so that the unit reaction on each filter paper forms a paper-based micro-fluid fuel cell, a plurality of cells are connected in series to form a paper-based micro-fluid fuel cell stack, and the paper-based micro-fluid fuel cell stack is connected to a monitoring device through a lead to provide a working power supply for the monitoring device. Wherein humidity sensor (detect the head and bury the humidity that absorbs the sandwich layer) can detect the urine, and GPRS orientation module can carry out the accurate positioning to infant or patient, and little the control unit (MCU) can convert humidity sensor, GPRS orientation module's analog quantity into the digital quantity and transmit for wireless communication module, transmits the APP user side for the cell-phone by wireless communication module again. Therefore, the functions of monitoring, prompting, alarming and positioning the urination condition of the baby or the patient without wetting are realized.
The area of the paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack is small, 8 x 8cm, and accounts for about 1/20 of the total area of the diaper. The paper-based microfluidic fuel cell stack is equipped one within each intelligent diaper and is disposable. The size of the detection device is about the size of a button cell, and the detection device is pasted on the outer side of the diaper bottom cloth layer, so that the diaper is convenient to disassemble, assemble and reuse. The paper-based micro-fluid fuel cell stack has good flexibility and economy, can randomly change the shape along with the action posture of an infant or a patient, and does not influence the performance.
Claims (5)
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Application publication date: 20210108 |