CN112190296A - Novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit and application method - Google Patents
Novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112190296A CN112190296A CN202011131703.XA CN202011131703A CN112190296A CN 112190296 A CN112190296 A CN 112190296A CN 202011131703 A CN202011131703 A CN 202011131703A CN 112190296 A CN112190296 A CN 112190296A
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- 238000002324 minimally invasive surgery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1613—Component parts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
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- A61B17/1633—Sleeves, i.e. non-rotating parts surrounding the bit shaft, e.g. the sleeve forming a single unit with the bit shaft
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
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- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
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- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and discloses a novel spinal minimally invasive surgery kit and an application method. The protective sheath and the power handle are integrally designed, and the protective sheath and the drill bit are kept in a relatively fixed position during operation, so that the operation is convenient. The front end of the grinding drill bit is provided with a supporting bearing, the diameter of the supporting bearing is matched with the inner diameter of the protective sleeve sheath, so that the grinding drill bit can be effectively prevented from deviating and side grinding in the protective sleeve sheath, and the drill bit is more stable. The device provided by the invention can be used under an intervertebral foramen endoscope and other spinal endoscopes, a grinding drill head is used for grinding bone tissues to be removed under direct vision, and the protective sheath can reduce the action range of the grinding drill head in work and keep off peripheral soft tissues, dura mater and nerve roots. Reduces the soft tissue, dura mater and neuropathy injury in the operation process, and ensures the curative effect and safety of the operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit and an application method.
Background
Currently, the spinal endoscope technology is the most common minimally invasive means for treating intervertebral disc diseases, and has the advantages of definite curative effect, small wound and the like. The specific mode is that the patient enters a pathogenic target point of the intervertebral disc protrusion from the back side of the waist part of the patient through a puncture channel and is locally operated.
The key step of establishing the operation working channel is intervertebral foramen formation, which determines success or failure of the operation. In this procedure, it is necessary to remove certain bony structures and surrounding tissue, enlarge the intervertebral foraminal space and allow access to the operating device to the nucleus pulposus protrusion.
At present, when spine endoscopic surgery is performed domestically and abroad, the following two methods (1) for establishing a surgical working channel are generally adopted for abrasive drilling: the surgical channel from the anterior outer edge of the superior articular process to the target surgical site is opened by the rotational advancement of a 4mm to 9mm diameter burr. The surgical method is safer, but still risks tissue contusion. (2) Trepanning: the method is a conventional method for opening the operation working channel in the early spinal endoscopic surgery, but the risks of nerve root injury and dural sac tearing are high, and then through improvement, a protective sleeve with a corresponding caliber is arranged during trephine operation, so that the operation risk is greatly reduced.
At present, when a working channel for operation is enlarged and established, no matter a grinding drill or a trephine is used, the channel can be opened by screwing forward, and peripheral soft tissues are bruised or nerve roots and a dural sac are damaged at a certain probability.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the existing bone grinding drill is easy to hurt the dura mater spinalis and peripheral soft tissues.
(2) When the abrasive drill rotates at a high speed, the front end is easy to generate vibration and drift.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: has important significance for improving the safety of the abrasive drill applied in the spinal endoscopic surgery.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit, an application method, an intervertebral foramen endoscope and a spine endoscope. The invention provides a novel spinal minimally invasive surgery kit, in particular to a power handle with a protective sheath and a grinding bit matched with the power handle.
The invention is realized in this way, a novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit, which comprises a power handle with a protective sheath and a set of abrasive drilling heads matched with the power handle; the head end of the protective sheath is in a double-bevel semi-surrounding design and is integrally formed with the power handle, the front end of the grinding drill bit is provided with a supporting bearing, and the diameter of the grinding drill bit is matched with the inner diameter of the protective sheath.
Further, the power handle and the protective sheath are integrally formed.
Furthermore, the head end of the protective sheath is designed to be semi-surrounded by a double bevel.
Furthermore, the front end of the grinding drill bit is provided with a supporting bearing matched with the inner diameter of the protective sheath.
Furthermore, the protective sheath and the abrasive drill head can be inserted into an intervertebral foramen endoscope or other spinal endoscopes.
The invention also aims to provide an application method of the novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit, which comprises the following steps:
putting the grinding drill bits with the matched models into the protective sheath, wherein the head ends of the grinding drill bits are level with the head end of the protective sheath; the diameter of the grinding bit is smaller than the inner diameter of the protective sheath, and the diameter of a support bearing of the grinding bit is larger than that of the grinding bit and is tightly attached to the protective sheath, so that the deviation and the side grinding of the grinding bit are prevented;
meanwhile, a camera is fixed on the abrasive drilling head and acquires a corresponding image; the video is transmitted to an external processing unit for image processing and recognition.
Further, processing the image on the outer processing single cloud comprises:
preprocessing the acquired spine image, comprising: digitization, geometric transformation, normalization, smoothing, restoration, and enhancement;
and after the preprocessing is finished, extracting, segmenting, matching and identifying the required spine image content.
Further, the process of the image smoothing processing is as follows:
extracting corresponding image segments from the noisy spine image; determining a pixel of a point on the image segment; determining a square neighborhood by taking the pixel as a central point;
determining pixel values in a square neighborhood, sequencing the pixel values, and taking the middle value as a new value of the central pixel gray;
the image may be smoothed using median filtering as the window moves.
Further, the process of identifying the image is as follows:
extracting the characteristics of the spine image from the image needing to be identified, and carrying out characteristic description on the extracted spine image characteristics;
according to the characteristic description of the spine image, calculating the similarity with the set description;
and matching and identifying the characteristics of the two images according to the similarity value.
Further, the image feature extraction process comprises:
graying and normalizing the spine image;
determining the gray value of a pixel in the spine image and establishing a corresponding gradient; dividing the image according to the gradient of the pixels;
establishing a corresponding gradient histogram and describing;
and splicing each region according to the description, and extracting the required image features.
The invention also aims to provide an intervertebral foramen mirror carrying the novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit.
The invention also aims to provide a spine endoscope carrying the novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a use of the novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit as described in the foraminoscope.
The invention also aims to provide application of the novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit to other spine endoscopes.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the head end of the protective sheath adopts a double-bevel semi-surrounding design, so that tissues which are not expected to be damaged are shielded, and the action range of the abrasive drill bit during working is reduced. The protective sheath and the power handle are integrally designed, and the protective sheath and the drill bit are kept in a relatively fixed position during operation, so that the operation is convenient. The front end of the grinding drill bit is provided with a supporting bearing, the diameter of the supporting bearing is matched with the inner diameter of the protective sleeve sheath, so that the grinding drill bit can be effectively prevented from deviating and side grinding in the protective sleeve sheath, and the drill bit is more stable.
The beneficial effects of the invention further comprise: the device provided by the invention can be used under an intervertebral foramen endoscope and other spinal endoscopes, a grinding drill bit is used for grinding bone tissues to be removed under direct vision, and the protective sheath can reduce the action range of the grinding drill bit in work and block peripheral soft tissues and dura mater. The integrated design of the protective sleeve and the power handle keeps the relative position of the protective sheath and the grinding bit, and the protective sheath does not need to be additionally held by hands in the operation, so that the operation is more convenient and stable. Effectively reduces the possibility of soft tissue and dura mater injury in surgical engineering and ensures the curative effect and safety of the surgery.
Technical effect or experimental effect of comparison. The method comprises the following steps: because the front end of the grinding drill bit is provided with the supporting bearing, the vibration and drift phenomena of the grinding drill bit during high-speed rotation are eliminated. Because the head end of the protective sheath adopts the double-bevel semi-surrounding type design, the peripheral soft tissue is shielded in the operation, and after entering the intervertebral foramen area, the dural sac and the nerve root can be shielded, thereby effectively avoiding the rolling-in of the soft tissue and avoiding the damage of the dural sac and the nerve root.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel minimally invasive spinal surgery kit provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a drill bit grinding structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1 and 2: 1. a powered handle; 1-1, protecting sheath; 1-1-1, a double-bevel semi-surrounding structure; 2. grinding a drill bit; 2-1, supporting a bearing; 2-2, grinding the drill bit body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel spinal minimally invasive surgery kit and an application method, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-2, the invention provides a novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit, which comprises a power handle 1 with a protective sheath 1-1 and a set of abrasive drilling heads 2 matched with the power handle.
The head end of the protective sheath 1-1 is designed to be in a double-bevel semi-surrounding structure 1-1-1 and is integrally formed with the power handle 1, the front end of the grinding bit 2 is provided with a supporting bearing 2-1, and the diameter of the supporting bearing 2-1 is matched with the inner diameter of the protective sheath.
The power handle 1 and the protective sheath 1-1 are integrally formed.
The head end of the protective sheath 1-1 is in a double-bevel semi-surrounding design.
The front end of the grinding drill bit is provided with a supporting bearing matched with the inner diameter of the protective sheath.
The protective sheath 1-1 and the grinding bit body 2-2 of the grinding bit 2 can be inserted into an intervertebral foramen endoscope or other spinal endoscopes.
The invention provides an application method of a novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit, which comprises the following steps: putting the grinding drill bits with the matched models into the protective sheath, wherein the head ends of the grinding drill bits are level with the head end of the protective sheath; the diameter of the grinding bit is smaller than the inner diameter of the protective sheath, and the diameter of a support bearing of the grinding bit is larger than that of the grinding bit and is tightly attached to the protective sheath, so that the deviation and the side grinding of the grinding bit are prevented;
meanwhile, a camera is fixed on the abrasive drilling head and acquires a corresponding image; the video is transmitted to an external processing unit for image processing and recognition.
The processing of the image on the outer processing single cloud comprises:
preprocessing the acquired spine image, comprising: digitization, geometric transformation, normalization, smoothing, restoration, and enhancement;
and after the preprocessing is finished, extracting, segmenting, matching and identifying the required spine image content.
The image smoothing process comprises the following steps:
extracting corresponding image segments from the noisy spine image; determining a pixel of a point on the image segment; determining a square neighborhood by taking the pixel as a central point;
determining pixel values in a square neighborhood, sequencing the pixel values, and taking the middle value as a new value of the central pixel gray;
the image may be smoothed using median filtering as the window moves.
The process of identifying the image comprises the following steps:
extracting the characteristics of the spine image from the image needing to be identified, and carrying out characteristic description on the extracted spine image characteristics;
according to the characteristic description of the spine image, calculating the similarity with the set description;
and matching and identifying the characteristics of the two images according to the similarity value.
The image feature extraction process comprises the following steps:
graying and normalizing the spine image;
determining the gray value of a pixel in the spine image and establishing a corresponding gradient; dividing the image according to the gradient of the pixels;
establishing a corresponding gradient histogram and describing;
and splicing each region according to the description, and extracting the required image features.
The invention is further described below in connection with the working principle.
The instrument can be used by a foramen intervertebrale endoscope and other spinal endoscopes, and the model is determined according to the specific operation requirements. The protective sheath and the power handle are integrally formed, and after the abrasive drill bit with the matched type is placed into the protective sheath, the head end of the abrasive drill is parallel and level to the head end of the protective sheath. The diameter of the grinding bit is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the protective sheath, and the diameter of a supporting bearing of the grinding bit is slightly larger than the grinding bit and tightly attached to the protective sheath, so that the deviation and the side grinding of the grinding bit are prevented. The relative position of the protective sheath and the abrasive drill bit is fixed, and the protective sheath does not need to be additionally controlled by hands, so that the operation is convenient. When the abrasive drill works, due to the design of the double-bevel semi-surrounding of the protective sheath, the action range of the abrasive drill head is reduced, soft tissues and hard spinal membranes which are not expected to be damaged can be blocked, and the possibility of tissue damage is greatly reduced.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit is characterized by comprising a power handle with a protective sheath and a grinding drill matched with the power handle.
2. The novel minimally invasive spinal surgery kit as recited in claim 1, wherein the head end of the protective sheath is integrally formed with the power handle in a double-bevel semi-surrounding structure.
3. The novel minimally invasive spinal surgery kit of claim 1 wherein the burr head carries a support bearing at a forward end thereof, the support bearing having a diameter matching the inner diameter of the protective sheath.
4. The application method of the novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the application method of the novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit comprises the following steps:
putting the grinding drill bits with the matched models into the protective sheath, wherein the head ends of the grinding drill bits are level with the head end of the protective sheath; the diameter of the grinding bit is smaller than the inner diameter of the protective sheath, and the diameter of a support bearing of the grinding bit is larger than that of the grinding bit and is tightly attached to the protective sheath to prevent the grinding bit from deviating and side grinding;
meanwhile, a camera is fixed on the abrasive drilling head and acquires a corresponding image; the video is transmitted to an external processing unit for image processing and recognition.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the processing the image on the lateral processing single cloud comprises:
preprocessing the acquired spine image, comprising: digitization, geometric transformation, normalization, smoothing, restoration, and enhancement;
and after the preprocessing is finished, extracting, segmenting, matching and identifying the required spine image content.
6. The application method of the novel minimally invasive spinal surgery kit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the image smoothing process comprises the following steps:
extracting corresponding image segments from the noisy spine image; determining a pixel of a point on the image segment; determining a square neighborhood by taking the pixel as a central point;
determining pixel values in a square neighborhood, sequencing the pixel values, and taking the middle value as a new value of the central pixel gray;
the image may be smoothed using median filtering as the window moves.
7. The application method of the novel minimally invasive spinal surgery kit as claimed in claim 4, wherein the image identification process comprises the following steps:
extracting the characteristics of the spine image from the image needing to be identified, and carrying out characteristic description on the extracted spine image characteristics;
according to the characteristic description of the spine image, calculating the similarity with the set description;
and matching and identifying the characteristics of the two images according to the similarity value.
8. The application method of the novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit according to claim 4, wherein the image feature extraction process comprises the following steps:
graying and normalizing the spine image;
determining the gray value of a pixel in the spine image and establishing a corresponding gradient; dividing the image according to the gradient of the pixels;
establishing a corresponding gradient histogram and describing;
and splicing each region according to the description, and extracting the required image features.
9. Use of the novel minimally invasive spine surgery kit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in an intervertebral foraminoscope.
10. Use of the novel minimally invasive spinal surgery kit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in other spinal endoscopes.
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| CN202011131703.XA CN112190296A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit and application method |
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| CN202011131703.XA CN112190296A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Novel spine minimally invasive surgery kit and application method |
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Application publication date: 20210108 |