CN112188380B - Electroacoustic device directivity measurement system, measurement method and application method thereof - Google Patents
Electroacoustic device directivity measurement system, measurement method and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112188380B CN112188380B CN202011095406.4A CN202011095406A CN112188380B CN 112188380 B CN112188380 B CN 112188380B CN 202011095406 A CN202011095406 A CN 202011095406A CN 112188380 B CN112188380 B CN 112188380B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/004—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for microphones
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Abstract
The invention discloses a directivity measuring system of an electroacoustic device, which comprises: a microphone for receiving an audio signal; a turntable for mounting a microphone; the rotary actuating mechanism is used for controlling the rotation of the rotary table; the driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary actuating mechanism to rotate according to a fixed rotation time interval; the system controller is used for collecting sound signals received by the microphone, outputting control signals to the driving mechanism, collecting the rotation angle of the rotary table and sending the collected current sound signals and the current angle information of the rotary table to the upper computer; the upper computer is used for processing the sound signals and the angle information and then drawing a polar coordinate graph reflecting the directivity of the electroacoustic device.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a sound measurement system, and more particularly, to a sound directivity measurement system.
Background
In the process of searching the position of the positioning target, in order to quickly find the positioning target according to the audio information radiated by the positioning target, a sound detection positioning device is required. Disclosed in the prior art is a sound detection positioning device, the publication of which is: CN210487966U, which can implement sound detection positioning, has the disadvantage that this solution cannot implement directional analysis of sound.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a directivity measuring system and a directivity measuring method of an electroacoustic device, which can realize the directivity analysis of sound.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: an electroacoustic device directivity measurement system comprising:
a microphone for receiving an audio signal;
a turntable for mounting the microphone;
the rotary actuating mechanism is used for controlling the rotation of the rotary table;
the driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary actuating mechanism to rotate according to a fixed rotation time interval;
the system controller is used for collecting sound signals received by the microphone, outputting control signals to the driving mechanism, collecting the rotation angle of the rotary table and sending the collected current sound signals and the current angle information of the rotary table to the upper computer;
and the upper computer is used for processing the sound signals and the angle information and then drawing a polar coordinate graph reflecting the directivity of the electroacoustic device.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the microphone further comprises an audio power amplifier independent of the system controller, the audio power amplifier is used for amplifying the sound signal received by the microphone; the audio power amplifier is arranged on the turntable at a position close to the microphone. The loss of sound signal transmission can be effectively reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved.
As a further limitation of the present invention, a conductive slip ring is disposed in the turntable, and the transmission of the power supply and the sound signal between the microphone and the system controller is realized through the conductive slip ring. The uninterrupted rotation and the rotation at any angle can be realized; therefore, an alternating current power supply loop is not required to be arranged on the rotary actuating mechanism, and the interference to the measuring signal is further reduced.
A directivity measurement method of an electroacoustic device adopts the measurement system, and comprises the following steps:
step 1) collecting sound signals, and collecting the sound signals in real time through a microphone arranged on a rotary table;
step 2) collecting a rotation signal, outputting a control signal to a driving mechanism through a system controller, driving a rotary actuating mechanism to drive a rotary table to rotate through the driving mechanism according to a fixed rotation time interval, and collecting the rotation angle of the rotary table in real time;
step 3), uploading data, and sending the collected rotation angle and the sound signal of the current angle mapped by the rotation angle to an upper computer;
and 4) drawing a polar coordinate graph, processing the sound signal and the angle information, and drawing a polar coordinate graph reflecting the directivity of the electroacoustic device.
As a further limitation of the present invention, step 1) adopts an audio power amplifier independent of the system controller when collecting the sound signal, wherein the audio power amplifier is used for amplifying the sound signal received by the microphone; the audio power amplifier is arranged on the turntable at a position close to the microphone. The loss of sound signal transmission can be effectively reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the turntable is controlled to rotate in step 2) by using a conductive slip ring, and power and sound signals are transmitted through the conductive slip ring. The uninterrupted rotation and the rotation at any angle can be realized; therefore, an alternating current power supply loop is not required to be arranged on the rotary actuating mechanism, and the interference to the measuring signal is further reduced.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the fixed rotation time interval of step 2) is set to be more than 20 times of the resonance period of the rotary actuator; while setting a dead time of not less than 0.1s after each rotation is completed.
An application method of a directivity measurement system of an electroacoustic device adjusts the distribution position of a sound source in a sound field environment according to an obtained polar coordinate graph, and achieves the optimal sound transmission gain and sound pressure level of the sound field in the environment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can obtain the directivity analysis of sound and obtain the polar coordinate atlas, thereby testing the quality and performance of the microphone according to the atlas and simultaneously detecting the sound transmission gain and the maximum sound pressure level of a sound field in various environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a measurement system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the measurement system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the turntable and the rotary actuator in the measurement system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the measurement method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the sound received by the microphone according to the present invention after being amplified and conditioned.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a polar diagram obtained by the present invention.
Wherein, 1 the rotary actuator, 2 the revolving stage, 3 the conducting slip ring.
Detailed Description
An electroacoustic device directivity measurement system as shown in fig. 1-3, comprising a mechanical unit and a control unit;
the mechanical unit comprises a microphone arranged on the rotary table, and the microphone is used for receiving sound signals; the center inside the rotary table is provided with a conductive slip ring, the microphone transmits an external power supply to the microphone through the conductive slip ring, a sound signal collected by the microphone is sent to the system controller, and an external audio power amplifier independent of the system controller is further mounted at a position, close to the microphone, on the rotary table; the rotary table is arranged on the rotary actuating mechanism, the rotary actuating mechanism controls the rotary table to rotate, when the rotary table rotates, the outer ring of the conductive slip ring inside the rotary table rotates along with the rotary table, and the inner ring of the conductive slip ring keeps not rotating; the rotary actuating mechanism is driven by the driving mechanism, a servo driver can be selected to be matched with a servo motor to serve as the driving mechanism in the embodiment, the corresponding rotary actuating mechanism can use a turntable, the turntable rotates under the control of the servo motor, the servo driver drives the mechanism to rotate according to a fixed rotation time interval, and the fixed rotation time interval is set to be more than 20 times of the resonance period of the rotary actuating mechanism; meanwhile, after each rotation is finished, the dead time of not less than 0.1s is set, and the rotary actuating mechanism in the embodiment adopts a two-stage damping design and noise reduction treatment of a double-sided sound absorbing cover, so that the interference of the noise of the rotary mechanism on the measurement noise can be reduced to the maximum extent;
the control unit comprises a system controller, a data transmission radio station and an upper computer, wherein the system controller is externally arranged on the mechanical unit, a conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and an Arduino UNO chip are arranged in the system controller and used for collecting sound signals sent by the audio power amplifier, outputting control signals to the driving mechanism and collecting the rotation angle of the rotary table, converting the collected current sound signals into digital signals, and sending the digital signals to the data transmission radio station in cooperation with the current angle information of the rotary table mapped by the digital signals; the digital transmission radio station sends the digital signal and the angle information to the upper computer in a wireless mode, receives an instruction of the upper computer at the same time, forwards a control signal of the upper computer to the system controller, and receives a control signal receiving condition fed back by the system controller at the same time, so that correction can be realized; and the upper computer processes the sound signal and the angle information and then draws a polar coordinate graph reflecting the directivity of the electroacoustic device, wherein the polar coordinate graph is drawn based on LabVIEW software.
Fig. 4-6 show a directivity measurement method of an electroacoustic device, which adopts the above measurement system, and comprises the following steps:
step 1) collecting sound signals, collecting the sound signals in real time through a microphone arranged on a rotary table, processing the sound signals by adopting an external audio power amplifier independent of a system controller, a conditioning circuit module arranged in the system controller and an analog-to-digital conversion module, and then sending the processed sound signals to an Arduino UNO chip arranged in the system controller, wherein the audio power amplifier is used for amplifying the sound signals received by the microphone; the conditioning circuit module is used for conditioning the amplified sound signal; the audio power amplifier is arranged on the turntable at a position close to the microphone;
step 2) acquiring a rotation angle, outputting a control signal to a servo driver through an Arduino UNO chip, driving the control signal to a servo driver through an interface circuit, driving the servo driver to send a pulse signal to a servo motor to drive a turntable (a rotary actuating mechanism) to rotate, simultaneously acquiring the pulse signal of the servo driver in real time through the interface circuit by the Arduino UNO chip, recording the current rotation angle, and mapping current angle information and a current sound signal; the pulse signal is given in a specific manner as follows: the fixed rotation time interval is set to be more than 20 times of the resonance period of the rotary actuator; setting dead time not less than 0.1s after each rotation is finished;
step 3) data uploading, namely, transmitting the rotation angle and the sound signal mapped by the rotation angle to an upper computer through a data transmission radio station, wherein the data transmission radio station also receives an instruction of the upper computer, forwards a control signal of the upper computer to a system controller, and also receives a control signal receiving condition fed back by the system controller, so that correction can be realized;
and 4) drawing a polar coordinate graph, wherein the upper computer processes the sound signal and the angle information and then draws a polar coordinate graph reflecting the directivity of the electroacoustic device.
The polar coordinate graph obtained by the application method is used for adjusting the distribution position of a sound source in a sound field environment so as to realize the optimal sound transmission gain and sound pressure level of the sound field in the environment.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An electroacoustic device directivity measurement system, comprising:
a microphone for receiving an audio signal;
a turntable for mounting the microphone;
the rotary actuating mechanism is used for controlling the rotation of the rotary table;
the driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary actuating mechanism to rotate according to a fixed rotation time interval;
the system controller is used for collecting sound signals received by the microphone, outputting control signals to the driving mechanism and collecting the rotation angle of the rotary table, and driving the rotary actuating mechanism to drive the rotary table to rotate through the driving mechanism according to a fixed rotation time interval, wherein the fixed rotation time interval is set to be more than 20 times of the resonance period of the rotary actuating mechanism; meanwhile, after each rotation is finished, setting dead time not less than 0.1s, and simultaneously sending the collected current sound signal and the current angle information of the turntable mapped with the current sound signal to an upper computer;
and the upper computer is used for processing the sound signals and the angle information and then drawing a polar coordinate graph reflecting the directivity of the electroacoustic device.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising an audio power amplifier independent of the system controller, said audio power amplifier configured to amplify the sound signal received by the microphone; the audio power amplifier is arranged on the turntable at a position close to the microphone.
3. The directivity measurement system of an electroacoustic device of claim 1, wherein a conductive slip ring is disposed inside the turntable, and the transmission of power and sound signals between the microphone and the system controller is realized through the conductive slip ring.
4. An electroacoustic device directivity measurement method using the measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1) collecting sound signals, and collecting the sound signals in real time through a microphone arranged on a rotary table;
step 2) collecting a rotation signal, outputting a control signal to a driving mechanism through a system controller, driving a rotary actuating mechanism to drive a rotary table to rotate through the driving mechanism according to a fixed rotation time interval, and collecting the rotation angle of the rotary table in real time, wherein the fixed rotation time interval is set to be more than 20 times of the resonance period of the rotary actuating mechanism; setting dead time not less than 0.1s after each rotation is finished;
step 3), uploading data, and sending the collected rotation angle and the sound signal of the current angle mapped by the rotation angle to an upper computer;
and 4) drawing a polar coordinate graph, processing the sound signal and the angle information, and drawing a polar coordinate graph reflecting the directivity of the electroacoustic device.
5. The method for measuring the directivity of an electroacoustic device according to claim 4, wherein an audio power amplifier is used in the step 1) of collecting the sound signal, and the audio power amplifier is used for amplifying the sound signal received by the microphone; the conditioning circuit module is used for conditioning the amplified sound signal; the audio power amplifier and the conditioning circuit module adopt a separation scheme, and the audio power amplifier is arranged close to the microphone.
6. An application method of a directivity measurement system of an electroacoustic device is characterized in that the distribution position of sound sources in a sound field environment is adjusted according to the polar coordinate graph obtained in the claim 1, and the optimal sound transmission gain and sound pressure level of the sound field in the environment are realized.
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| US8300840B1 (en) * | 2009-02-10 | 2012-10-30 | Frye Electronics, Inc. | Multiple superimposed audio frequency test system and sound chamber with attenuated echo properties |
| CN205693892U (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-16 | 余剑威 | A kind of Acoustic performance testing device |
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2020
- 2020-10-14 CN CN202011095406.4A patent/CN112188380B/en active Active
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| US4298965A (en) * | 1978-11-01 | 1981-11-03 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Directivity display device and method |
| CN201167417Y (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2008-12-17 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Apparatus for testing uni-directional microphone |
| CN201657318U (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-11-24 | 歌尔声学股份有限公司 | Acoustic performance testing device |
| CN107687890A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-13 | 中国计量大学 | Vector microphone with horn structure |
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