CN112186222A - Humidifying device, method thereof and motor vehicle with same - Google Patents
Humidifying device, method thereof and motor vehicle with same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112186222A CN112186222A CN202010635363.8A CN202010635363A CN112186222A CN 112186222 A CN112186222 A CN 112186222A CN 202010635363 A CN202010635363 A CN 202010635363A CN 112186222 A CN112186222 A CN 112186222A
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- fluid
- fluid channel
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- plate stack
- housing
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 317
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
- B60H3/02—Moistening ; Devices influencing humidity levels, i.e. humidity control
- B60H3/022—Moistening ; Devices influencing humidity levels, i.e. humidity control for only humidifying the air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
- B60L50/71—Arrangement of fuel cells within vehicles specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
- B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a humidifying device (1) for transferring water and/or water vapor from a first fluid flow (2) to a second fluid flow (3). To this end, the humidifying device (1) comprises a humidifier (4), the humidifier (4) comprising a plate stack (7), two housing connectors (9, 10) each arranged on a front side of a plate stack equipping surface (8) of the plate stack (7), and a fluid channel system (11). It is essential to the invention that the plate stack (7) is arranged within the fluid channel housing (12).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a humidifying device for transporting water vapor according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to a method for operating a humidifier and to a motor vehicle having such a humidifying device.
Background
Humidifiers for transferring water vapor from one fluid stream to another have long been known in the automotive field and are particularly important in use in connection with the powering of fuel cells. In order to be able to provide an optimum power output while having a relatively long service life, fuel cells for motor vehicle drives are typically operated at temperatures up to 80 ℃.
Due to the relatively high operating temperature, the fuel cell must remain relatively wet during vehicle operation because of its functionality (e.g., when the fuel cell is a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) or a polymer electrolyte membrane). Otherwise, the membrane used in the fuel cell may be dried. This drying has a particularly negative effect on the service life of the membrane used and on the efficiency of the fuel cell.
It is known that the fuel cell is kept moist because the reaction gas conducted through the fuel cell contains sufficient moisture, which can be achieved, for example, by a humidifier integrated in the fuel cell. A typical humidifier known from the prior art (e.g. a humidifier for a fuel cell system according to the DE 112012000477T 5 publication) has a plate stack consisting of a single plate, which is penetrated by two or more fluid channels of a fluid channel system. The fluid channels are arranged within the plate stack such that water and/or water vapour can flow from one fluid to the other; advantageously, between the fluid channels there are arranged membrane plates which are impermeable to air and permeable to water and water vapour, through which water and/or water vapour can flow from one fluid flow to the other, for example when one side of the membrane plates is passed through by the fluid flow to be humidified and the other side is passed through by the moist fluid flow. The two fluid streams are fluidically separated from each other by the membrane plates, so that no substance mixing of the two fluid streams occurs.
In the known solutions, it is considered disadvantageous that the plate stack has to be sealed with respect to the environment. Since the fluid flowing through the fluid channels is usually at a relatively high working pressure (e.g. up to 2.0bar relative to an ambient pressure of 1013.25 hPa), it is also necessary to clamp all the plates of the plate stack to each other with a relatively high clamping force in order to ensure or improve the sealing effect of the sealant used. In known humidifiers, this results in an increase in flow resistance, thereby affecting flow efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved or at least another embodiment for a humidifying device.
In the present invention, this object is achieved in particular by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims and the description.
The basic idea of the invention is to reduce the clamping force when the plates are clamped to each other, thereby positively influencing the flow resistance inside the plate stack. The invention herein makes use of an innovative realization that the required clamping force depends on the magnitude of the pressure gradient that occurs during operation of the humidifier. The rule is: the smaller the pressure gradient during operation of the humidifier, the smaller the clamping force that can be selected for clamping the plates to one another.
Against this background, the present invention provides a method of reducing a pressure gradient within a humidification device. To this end, the humidifying device comprises a humidifier. The humidifier has a plate stack, two housing connectors arranged respectively in front of plate stack equipment surfaces of the plate stack, and a fluid channel system. Furthermore, the plate stack defines a longitudinal axis along its main extension direction. For example, the longitudinal axis can define an alignment direction along which one or more plates or plate groups are provided, stacked in contact with each other, said plates or plate groups forming a plate stack. Furthermore, in any case, the plate stack is arranged within a fluid passage housing of the humidifier, in particular the humidifier is arranged completely within the fluid passage housing. The fluid channel housing is advantageously pressurizable or evacuable, so that the pressure difference or pressure gradient between the fluid channel housing and the remaining fluid channel system can be freely adjusted. For example, a relatively small pressure difference or a relatively small pressure gradient can thus be set, so that a smaller clamping force for clamping the plate stack together can be selected, which has a positive effect on the flow resistance inside the plate stack. This has the advantage that the humidifying device as a whole can be operated more energy-efficient and therefore more cost-and environmentally-efficient.
Advantageously, the fluid channel housing is arranged in contact on both housing connectors in a removable or non-removable manner. The fluid channel housing can obviously be a component of the housing connector, i.e. be integrally formed in one piece with the housing connector, so that together a fluid channel housing-housing connector assembly is formed. However, it can also be provided advantageously that the fluid channel housing is formed as a separate component and is arranged on the housing connector, for example by means of fastening means (for example fastening screws and/or adhesive, respectively). For example, the fluid passage housing can be arranged as an insert part between the housing connectors and clamped axially firmly between the housing connectors along the longitudinal axis, with the fluid passage housing being permanently fixed to the housing connectors. This has the advantage that the humidifier can be manufactured more advantageously. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the fluid channel housing for influencing the pressure difference in the fluid channel system is able to receive the fluid pressure via a pressure supply of the fluid channel system or the humidifying device. This has the advantage that the pressure difference or pressure gradient between the fluid channel housing and the remaining fluid channel system can be adjusted.
Advantageously, the fluid channel system comprises one or more fluid channels formed between the plate stack and the fluid channel housing through which the first fluid flow or the second fluid flow flows. Thus, a fluid can flow through the fluid channel housing, for example, a compressible, liquid-filled process gas. It is also advantageous for an unobstructed flow cross section of the fluid channel arranged transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis to be defined between the plate stack and the fluid channel housing. In particular, the flow cross section is designed such that it completely surrounds the plate stack transversely to the longitudinal axis towards all sides, i.e. over the entire circumference (all round). This has the advantage that the plate stack can withstand the pressure from all sides uniformly, thereby further improving the energy efficiency of the humidifying device. In addition to this, it can advantageously be provided that a fixed gap is defined between the plate stack and the fluid channel housing over the entire circumference transversely to the longitudinal axis. This has the advantage that the plate stack does not come into contact with the fluid channel housing.
Advantageously, one or more discharge channels can be provided on the fluid channel housing, each discharge channel being used for discharging a fluid, for example a leakage fluid or other fluid from the plate stack. In this case, the outlet channel can preferably extend along the fluid channel housing, for example along a longitudinal axis of the fluid channel housing. The outlet channel can project transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis on the fluid channel housing and form an outlet channel projection. In this case, it can also be provided that the discharge channel defines a discharge channel longitudinal axis in its main direction of extension, wherein the discharge channel is arranged at an angle on the fluid channel housing. For example, a discharge angle is formed between the longitudinal axis and the discharge channel longitudinal axis, for example a discharge angle between 0.1 ° and 5 °, in particular 0.1 °; 0.5 degrees; 1.0 degree; 1.5 degrees; 2.0 degrees; 2.5 degrees; 3.0 degrees; 3.5 degrees; 4.0 degrees; 4.5 degrees; a discharge angle of 5.0 deg.. This has the advantage that the leakage fluid can automatically flow out of the humidifier, for example into a leakage fluid reservoir provided on the fluid passage housing. Here, the entire housing can also be arranged at an angle to the direction of gravity, in particular at 0.1 °; 0.5 degrees; 1.0 degree; 1.5 degrees; 2.0 degrees; 2.5 degrees; 3.0 degrees; 3.5 degrees; 4.0 degrees; 4.5 degrees; an angular disposition of 5.0 deg.. Furthermore, one or more outlet connections can be provided on one or both housing connectors, through which the leakage fluid can be discharged. The drain connection allows draining of a fluid, for example a fluid containing for example a liquid or a gas. It is conceivable, for example, for the discharge connection to be in the form of a connector, so that, for example, a hose or the like can be fixed to the connection.
Alternatively, the outlet connection can also be arranged directly on the housing, in particular in contact therewith.
Advantageously, the fluid channel housing further has a first fluid channel means and a second fluid channel means, both extending through the plate stack, in particular completely through the plate stack. The first and second fluid channel means can here be connected to each other in the plate stack in an interconnecting manner for the transfer of water and/or water vapour from the first fluid flow to the second fluid flow, for example via the membrane plates described below. The first or second fluid passage means is advantageously connected in communication with the fluid passage to effect pressurisation of the fluid passage housing.
Furthermore, the first fluid channel means may comprise one or more first and second plate stack fluid channels extending through the plate stack in the longitudinal axis direction, wherein the first plate stack fluid channels are connected in communication with the second plate stack fluid channels via at least one first cross flow duct. Furthermore, it is advantageous when the second fluid channel means comprise one or more first and second functional fluid channels extending through the plate stack in the direction of the longitudinal axis, wherein the first functional fluid channel is connected in communication with the second functional fluid channel by at least one second cross-flow line. In this way, the first and/or second fluid flow can be directed through the humidifier. In addition, the first functional fluid channel can be connected individually or jointly in communication with each other to a fluid channel of a fluid channel system (which is defined between the fluid channel housing and the plate stack) via at least one porthole in the plate stack in order to subject the fluid channel housing to a pressure, in particular an internal pressure.
In particular, the mentioned plate stack can comprise a plurality of stack groups, which are stacked in mutual contact along the alignment direction. Each stack advantageously has a plurality of plates, i.e. at least one cross flow plate, at least one membrane plate which is gas-tight and permeable to water and water vapor, and at least one port plate, which rest in contact with one another. For example, it can be provided that during operation of the humidifying device the stack group comprises exactly a cross-flow plate, a membrane plate arranged in contact on the cross-flow plate, a port plate arranged in contact on the membrane plate and a membrane plate arranged in contact on the port plate. In this way, a relatively efficient stack set is proposed, with which the fluid channels can relatively advantageously withstand the pressure and conduct the fluid through the plate stack.
The cross flow plate is formed, for example, from a flat body comprising a flat large front surface and a flat large rear surface oriented opposite thereto. The flat body includes a recess forming a first cross flow channel that penetrates the flat body completely from a large front surface up to a large rear surface, thereby forming a flat body frame as a whole. The flat body frame advantageously has a first and a second line arrangement, which penetrate the flat body frame, in particular completely, from a large front surface to a large rear surface, in each case, so that a first and a second plate stack fluid channel are formed. In any case, the flat body frame advantageously comprises third conduit means which penetrate completely through the flat body frame, so as to form first functional fluid channels from a large front surface to a large rear surface, respectively. The first and second line arrangements are connected to each other in a communicating manner via a first cross flow line, so that during operation of the humidifying device a first or second fluid flow can flow from the first plate stack fluid channel to the second plate stack fluid channel and vice versa.
The port plate is advantageously formed by a flat port body. The port plate also has a large front surface and a flat large rear surface oriented opposite the large front surface. The flat mouth body can further comprise a recess forming a second cross flow conduit penetrating the flat mouth body, in particular completely, from the large front surface to the large rear surface. Thus, a flat mouth body frame is formed. In any case, the flat port frame can include a first and a second tubing set that each penetrate completely through the flat port frame, thereby forming a first and a second plate stack fluid passage from the large front surface up to the large back surface, respectively. The flat mouth frame can include a third conduit means and at least one mouth aperture. The third line set penetrates the flat port frame, thus forming a first functional fluid passage. The port hole approximately opens the flat port body frame to at least one side, thus forming an opening to the fluid passage. Thus, the first fluid flow and the second fluid flow can flow from the third line set to the fluid channel and vice versa.
The first, second and third line devices can each be formed by at least one recess. Each individual recess has a circular, elliptical or rectangular clear flow cross section, so that fluid can flow through the recess.
Advantageously, the housing connectors each have a first fluid connection and a second fluid connection. The first fluid connection of the first housing connector and the first fluid connection of the second housing connector are advantageously fluidly connected to a first fluid channel means, wherein the second fluid connection of the first housing connector and the second fluid connection of the second housing connector are fluidly connected to a second fluid channel means.
Here, it is conceivable that the fluid channel housing is detachably or non-detachably fixed to the housing connector by means of fastening screws or adhesive. Alternatively, one or both housing connectors can also be integrally molded on the fluid channel housing. In any case, the fluid channel housing can function as a fixed stop, since the plate stack arranged in the fluid channel housing can only achieve the clamping force predefined by the fluid channel housing via the housing connector arranged on the fluid channel housing.
The invention comprises the further idea of providing a method for operating a humidifier, in particular a humidifier having the above-mentioned features. Within the scope of the method, first providing and introducing a first fluid flow and a second fluid flow into a humidifier is provided. In the following, a first pressure stage is provided in the first fluid channel arrangement, a second pressure stage is provided in the second fluid channel arrangement, and a third pressure stage is provided in the fluid channel housing, wherein the third pressure stage is located between the standard atmospheric pressure of 1013.25hPa and the first pressure stage or the second pressure stage, or the third pressure stage is located between the first pressure stage and the second pressure stage, or the third pressure stage is higher than the standard atmospheric pressure of 1013.25hPa and is higher than the first pressure stage and/or the second pressure stage. In this way, a minimum pressure difference between the first and second fluid arrangements and the fluid passage housing is achieved in each case, so that the humidifier can be operated relatively energy-efficiently. This has the advantage that the pressure difference in the humidifier is lower compared to humidifiers known in the prior art.
The invention comprises the further idea of equipping a motor vehicle with a humidifying device for transferring water and/or water vapour from a first fluid flow to a second fluid flow. To this end, a humidifier is proposed, which comprises a plate stack, two housing connectors which are each arranged on the front side of the surface of the plate stack arrangement, and a fluid channel system. The plate stack comprises a plurality of stacked plates stacked in contact with each other along an alignment direction defining a longitudinal axis. The fluid channel system comprises at least two fluid channel means, wherein a first fluid channel means comprises a plate stack fluid channel extending through the stacked plates in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The second fluid channel arrangement has a functional fluid channel comprising a functional fluid channel plate stack tube extending through the stack plate in the direction of the longitudinal axis and a functional fluid channel housing tube connected to said functional fluid channel plate stack tube. The functional fluid channels are connected to each other in the stack plates in an interconnecting manner for transporting water and/or water vapor. It is now important that the stacking plates are arranged in or completely in the functional fluid channel housing lines and that at least one stacking plate is open towards the functional fluid channel housing lines in order to establish a fluid connection between the functional fluid channel plate stacking line and the functional fluid channel housing lines.
Advantageously, the membrane plates are formed by flat membrane bodies which are in particular gas-impermeable, permeable to water and water vapor and/or round, oval or polygonal. The flat membrane body has a flat large front surface and a flat large rear surface oppositely disposed with respect to the flat large front surface. For example, during operation of the humidifying device for transferring water and/or water vapour from a first fluid flow flowing through the first fluid channel means to a second fluid flow flowing through the second fluid channel means, the diaphragm is arranged between the cross-flow circuit and the mouth cross-flow circuit.
In summary, it should be noted that: the present invention relates to a humidifying device for transferring water and/or water vapour from a first fluid stream to a second fluid stream. To this end, the humidifying device includes: a humidifier comprising a plate stack defining a longitudinal axis along its main extension direction; two housing connectors respectively arranged on a front side of a board stack equipping surface of the board stack; and a fluid channel system. It is important to the present invention that the plate stack is arranged within the fluid channel housing.
Further important features and advantages of the invention can be taken from the dependent claims, the drawings and the associated description of the drawings by way of the figures.
It is to be understood that the features mentioned above and still to be explained below can be used not only in the respective combinations stated but also in other combinations or alone without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the following description in which like reference numerals indicate identical or similar or functionally identical elements.
Drawings
Which are shown schematically in each case,
figure 1 shows a perspective view of a humidifying device,
fig. 2 shows the humidifying device of fig. 1, with the fluid passage housing removed, so that the plate stack sandwiched between the two housing connectors can be seen more clearly,
fig. 3 shows, in a sectional view of the humidifying device of fig. 1, the plates of the plate stack, i.e. the port plates,
fig. 4 shows in plan view another plate of the plate stack of the humidifying device of fig. 1, namely a cross-flow plate,
fig. 5 shows a further plate of the plate stack, namely a membrane plate, of the humidifying device of fig. 1 in a plan view.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 5 show a humidifying device 1 as a whole, the humidifying device 1 being used for transferring water and/or water vapour from a first fluid stream 2 to a second fluid stream 3. To this end, the humidifying device 1 comprises a humidifier 4 and a fluid supply for supplying the humidifier 4 with fluid, which can be connected to the humidifier 4 and is not shown in the figures. In the automotive industry, the humidifying device 1 is used, for example, to keep a fluid guided through a fuel cell relatively humid. Hereinafter, description is made with reference to each drawing.
In fig. 1, a humidifying device 1 can be seen, which humidifying device 1 advantageously comprises a humidifier 4. Exemplarily, the humidifier 4 comprises the plate stack 7 shown in fig. 2, two housing connectors 9, 10, each arranged on a front side of a plate stack equipping surface 8 of the plate stack 7, and a fluid channel system 11, which fluid channel system 11 is shown in fig. 2. The humidifier 4 extends along a main direction of extension 5, along which main direction of extension 5 a longitudinal axis 6 and a transverse axis 55 oriented transverse to the longitudinal axis 6 are defined. The longitudinal axis 6 and the transverse axis 55 are shown by dashed lines in fig. 1 and 2. The humidifier 4 has a fluid passage housing 12, which fluid passage housing 12 completely surrounds the plate stack 7. The fluid passage housing 12 is preferably a thin-walled component that can be one-piece or multi-part. The fluid passage housing 12 is preferably made of a plastic material, or alternatively a metal material or a composite material.
In fig. 1 it can also be seen that a first housing connector 9 and a second housing connector 10 are arranged on the board stack equipping surface 8 of the board stack 7. Illustratively, each housing connector 9, 10 has a cuboid base body and is preferably made of a plastic material or alternatively of a metal material or a composite material. Furthermore, each housing connector 9, 10 is equipped in particular with a reinforcement for reinforcing the respective base body, with a connecting device for connecting the respective base body to the fluid channel housing 12 and/or to a further base body, and with a connection for connecting fluid lines for conducting a fluid. The first housing connector 9 and the second housing connector 10 according to fig. 1 each comprise two connections, which are designated as first and second fluid connections 53, 54 and serve for introducing or discharging the first fluid flow 2 and the second fluid flow 3. In fig. 1, the fluid flows 2, 3 are indicated by arrows, respectively; the flow directions shown can obviously also be implemented in opposite directions or in the same direction.
Furthermore, in fig. 1, it can be seen that a discharge channel projection 17 is arranged on the fluid channel housing 12, through which discharge channel projection 17 a discharge fluid or a leakage fluid can be discharged from the humidifying device 1. The discharge channel projection 17 or the discharge channel 16 delimited by the discharge channel projection 17 as can be seen in fig. 3 defines a discharge channel longitudinal axis 18 in its main extension direction. In fig. 1, the discharge passage longitudinal axis 18 is indicated by a dashed line. A discharge angle 19 is defined between the discharge channel longitudinal axis 18 and the longitudinal axis 6 such that the discharge channel projections 17 are approximately angularly disposed on the fluid channel housing 12. The discharge angle 19 is equal to, for example, 1 ° or any other acute angle. This results in the drain fluid or leakage fluid automatically being drained from the drain channel protrusion 17 and being able to be pumped out or drained through the drain connection 56, which drain connection 56 is arranged on the first and/or second housing connector 9, 10.
In fig. 2, the fluid passage housing 12 is removed so that the plate stack 7 of the humidifier 4 can be seen. The plate stack 7 extends along the longitudinal axis 6, wherein the plate stack 7 has a plurality of plates 31, which plates 31 contact in an alignment direction 29 oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 6 and are stacked on top of one another, for example by means of not-shown seals or intermediate connections of a sealant. As already mentioned, the board stack 7 defines on its free front end a total of two board stack equipping surfaces 8, on which board stack equipping surfaces 8 the housing connectors 9, 10 are arranged. The plates 31 of the plate stack 7 can form, for example, a plurality of stack groups 30, the plurality of stack groups 30 being each composed of a different plate type 31. Illustratively, one or more stack sets 30 are provided, each stack set 30 being made up of a cross flow plate 32, a membrane plate 33, an orifice plate 34, and/or other plates as will be described in more detail below.
In any case, fig. 2 additionally shows a fluid channel system 11, which fluid channel system 11 penetrates the plate stack 7. The fluid channel system 11 comprises exemplarily a first and a second fluid channel means 20, 21 for conveying a fluid from a fluid connection 53, 54 to the respective other fluid connection 53, 54. The first fluid channel means 20 comprises, for example, one or more plate stack fluid channels 22, 23, which plate stack fluid channels 22, 23 extend through the plate stack in the direction of the longitudinal axis 6. The second fluid channel means 21 has, for example, one or more functional fluid channels 25, the functional fluid channels 25 likewise extending through the plate stack 7 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 6. The plate stack fluid channels 22, 23 and the functional fluid channels 25 are arranged relatively close in the plate stack 7 and are separated from each other only by the membrane plates 33, so that water and/or water vapour can be transported from the first fluid flow 2 to the second fluid flow 3 through the membrane plates 33.
In fig. 3, a sectional view of the humidifying device 1 or the humidifier 4 of fig. 1 is shown according to the sectional line III-III. The cross-sectional view shows two plates 31, i.e. the port plate 34 of the stack 30 and the membrane plate 33 of the same stack 30, and the mentioned discharge channel 16 defined by the fluid channel housing 12. Furthermore, a transverse axis 55 as described in fig. 1 and a vertical axis 52 oriented orthogonally to the transverse axis 55 are shown. On the fluid channel housing 12, a discharge channel projection 17 can be seen, which discharge channel projection 17 projects from the plate stack 7 in the direction of the transverse axis 55 and defines the discharge channel 16. A fluid channel 13 of the fluid channel system 11 through which the first fluid flow 2 or the second fluid flow 3 can flow is defined between the plate 31 and the fluid channel housing 12, which fluid channel 13 defines an unobstructed flow cross section 14. The flow cross-section 14 is configured such that said flow cross-section 14 encloses the plate 31 completely in an island-like manner in the direction of the transverse axis 55 and the vertical axis 57 (i.e. towards all sides). Here, a fixed gap 15 is defined between the plate 31 and the fluid passage housing 12 over the entire circumference so that the fluid passage housing 12 does not contact against the plate 31 or hit against the stacked plates by vibration during operation of the humidifying device 1.
The mouth plate 34 according to fig. 3 has a flat mouth body 43, which flat mouth body 43 comprises a flat large front surface 44 and a flat large rear surface 45 oriented opposite to said flat large front surface 44. The flat mouth body 43 also has a central recess, in particular a large-area recess 38, which recess 38 forms a so-called second cross-flow line 27, which second cross-flow line 27 penetrates completely through the flat mouth body 43 from the large front surface 44 to the large rear surface 45, thus forming a flat mouth body frame 46. Illustratively, the flat mouth frame 46 has a base 60 and two legs 58, 59 disposed on the base 60. The flat port frame 46 also has first and second tubing sets 47, 48, the first and second tubing sets 47, 48 penetrating completely through the flat port frame 46 to form the first and second plate stack fluid passageways 22, 23. In addition to the first and second line arrangements 47, 48, the flat port frame 46 additionally comprises a third line arrangement 49 and at least one port opening 28, wherein the third line arrangement 49 penetrates completely through the flat port frame 46, so that a first functional fluid channel 25 is formed. The port hole 28 opens the flat port body frame 46 to at least one side, thereby forming an opening 51 to the fluid channel 13, so that the first or second fluid flow 2, 3 can flow from the third pipe arrangement 49 through the second cross-flow pipe 27 to the fluid channel 13 or vice versa. When flowing through the second cross flow circuit 27, for example water and/or water vapour can be transported through the membrane plates 33. The line arrangements 47, 48, 49 or the plate stack fluid channels 22, 23 and the functional fluid channel 25 each have an unobstructed flow cross section 52.
The orientation of the channels shown in fig. 3 does not always correspond to the actual mounting position. Preferably, the discharge channel 16 is directed downwards, in particular in the direction of gravity, so that any separated fluid (in particular water) in the discharge channel 16 can be collected and discharged in this discharge channel 16. In addition to this, the humidifying device 1 can also be installed obliquely, in particular obliquely with respect to the direction of gravity, so that the water can be discharged in the direction of gravity.
In fig. 4, two plates 31 are shown, namely a cross flow plate 32 and a membrane plate 33 arranged behind the cross flow plate 32. The diaphragm 33 is in contact against the cross-flow plate 32. Advantageously, the cross flow plate 32 is formed by a flat body 35, which flat body 35, like the mouth body 34, has a flat large front surface 36 and a flat large rear surface 37 oriented opposite to the flat large front surface 36. The flat body 35 also has a central recess, in particular a relatively large-area recess 38, which recess 38 penetrates the flat body 35 completely from the large front face 36 to the large rear face 37, so that a flat body frame 39 is formed and the so-called first cross-flow line 24 is formed. The flat body frame 39 is likewise penetrated by the first and second line devices 47, 48, so that the flat body frame 39 comprises the two plate stack fluid channels 22, 23. The flat body frame also has a third pipe means 49, which third pipe means 49 penetrates the flat body frame 39, thereby forming the functional fluid passage 25. In any case, the first and second pipe means 47, 48 can communicate with each other through the first cross-flow pipe 24; in this way, fluid can flow from one plate stack fluid channel 22 to the other plate stack fluid channel 23. When flowing through the first cross flow line 24, for example water and/or water vapour can be transported through the membrane plates 33.
The other plate 31, the membrane plate 33, can be clearly seen from fig. 5. It is formed by a flat membrane body 61 which is in particular gas-impermeable, permeable to water and water vapor and/or round, oval or polygonal. The flat film body 61 has a flat large front surface 62 and a flat large rear surface 63 arranged oppositely to the flat large front surface 62. For example, during operation of the humidifying device 1, the membrane plate 33 is arranged for transferring water and/or water vapor from the first fluid flow 2 flowing through the first fluid channel means 20 to the second fluid flow 3 flowing through the second fluid channel means 21 between the cross flow plate 33 and the mouth plate 34, wherein it separates the first cross flow conduit 24 and the second cross flow conduit 27 from each other. Furthermore, the diaphragm 33 comprises three line arrangements 47, 48, 49.
During operation of the humidifying device 1, the plates 31 are arranged in contact with each other, in particular in congruent contact, such that they form the plate stack 7. The pipe means 47, 48, 49 of the individual plates 31 are stacked together congruently such that they together form the plate stack fluid channels 22, 23 of the first fluid channel means 20 and the functional fluid channels 25 of the second fluid channel means 21.
Claims (13)
1. A humidification device (1) for transferring water and/or water vapour from a first fluid stream (2) to a second fluid stream (3),
-having a humidifier (4), the humidifier (4) comprising a plate stack (7) defining a longitudinal axis (6) in its main direction of extension, two housing connectors (9, 10) arranged respectively at a front side of a plate stack equipping surface (8) of the plate stack (7), and a fluid channel system (11), characterized in that,
-the plate stack (7) is arranged completely within the fluid channel housing (12).
2. The device (1) according to claim 1,
the fluid channel housing (12) is arranged in a detachable or non-detachable manner in contact with the two housing connectors (9, 10), and the fluid channel housing (12) can be subjected to pressure by means of the fluid channel system (11) or a pressure supply of the humidifying device (4) in order to influence a pressure difference within the fluid channel system (11).
3. The device (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
-the fluid channel system (11) comprises a fluid channel (13) formed between a plate stack (7) and a fluid channel housing (12), through which fluid channel (13) the first fluid flow (2) or the second fluid flow (3) can flow, and/or,
-an unobstructed flow cross-section (14) of a fluid channel (13) is defined between the plate stack (7) and the fluid channel housing (12), the flow cross-section (14) being arranged transversely based on the longitudinal axis (6), and/or
-the flow cross-section (14) completely surrounds the plate stack (7) transversely to the longitudinal axis (6) towards all sides, and/or
-a fixed gap is defined over the entire circumference, transverse to the longitudinal axis (6), between the plate stack (7) and the fluid channel housing (12).
4. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
-an outlet channel (16) is arranged on the fluid channel housing (12), the outlet channel (16) being used for discharging leakage fluid from the humidifier (4), and/or
-the discharge channel (16) extends on the fluid channel housing (12) along a longitudinal axis (15) and protrudes on the fluid channel housing (12) transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis (6), thus forming a discharge channel protrusion (17), and/or
-the discharge channel (16) defines a discharge channel longitudinal axis (18) in its main extension direction, wherein the discharge channel (16) is arranged at an angle on the fluid channel housing (12) such that a discharge angle (19), in particular a discharge angle (19) of 0.1 ° to 5 °, is defined between the longitudinal axis (6) and the discharge channel longitudinal axis (18) in order to discharge leakage fluid from the humidifier (4), and/or
-one or more drain connections are present on one or both of the housing connectors (9, 10), through which drain connections leaking fluid can drain.
5. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
-the fluid channel system (11) further comprises a first fluid channel means (20) and a second fluid channel means (21) extending through the plate stack (7), respectively,
-wherein the first and second fluid channel means (20, 21) are communicatively connected to each other in the plate stack (7) for transferring water and/or water vapour from the first fluid flow (2) to the second fluid flow (3), and
-wherein the first fluid channel means (20) or the second fluid channel means (21) and the fluid channel (13) are connected to each other in mutual communication for pressurizing the fluid channel housing (12).
6. The device (1) according to claim 5,
-the first fluid channel means (20) comprises one or more first plate stack fluid channels (22), the first plate stack fluid channels (22) extending through the plate stack (7) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (6),
-the first fluid channel arrangement (20) further comprises one or more second plate stack fluid channels (23), the second plate stack fluid channels (23) extending through the plate stack (7) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (6),
-wherein the first plate stack fluid channels (22) are connected in communication with the second plate stack fluid channels (23) via at least one first cross flow circuit (24),
-the second fluid channel means (21) comprises one or more functional fluid channels (25), the functional fluid channels (25) extending through the plate stack (7) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (6),
-wherein the functional fluid channels (25) are connected to the fluid channels (13) of the fluid channel system (11) individually or collectively in mutual communication through at least one port hole (28), the fluid channels (13) being defined between a fluid channel housing (12) and a plate stack (7).
7. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
-the plate stack (7) comprises a plurality of stack groups (30), the stack groups (30) being stacked in mutual contact along an alignment direction (29),
-wherein each stack group (30) comprises a plurality of plates (31) in mutual contact against one another, namely at least one cross flow plate (32), at least one membrane plate (33) which is gas-tight and permeable to water and water vapor, and at least one port plate (34), and/or
-the plate stack (7) comprises at least one stack group (30), the stack group (30) comprising, in the direction of the alignment direction (29), a cross flow plate (32), a membrane plate (33) arranged in contact on the cross flow plate (32), an aperture plate (34) arranged in contact on the membrane plate (33) and a membrane plate (33) arranged in contact on the aperture plate (34).
8. Device (1) according to claims 6 and 7,
-the cross flow plate (32) is formed by a flat body (35), the flat body (35) comprising a flat large front surface (36) and a flat large rear surface (37) oriented opposite to the flat large front surface (36),
-wherein the flat body (35) comprises a recess (38) forming the first cross flow circuit (24), the first cross flow circuit (24) penetrating the flat body (35) from a large front surface (36) up to a large rear surface (37), thereby forming a flat body frame (39),
-wherein the flat body frame (39) comprises a first and a second pipe arrangement (47, 48), each of the first and second pipe arrangements (47, 48) penetrating completely through the flat body frame (39) from a large front surface (36) to a large rear surface (37) forming the first and second plate stack fluid channels (22, 22),
-wherein the flat body frame (39) comprises third conduit means (49), said third conduit means (49) penetrating completely through the flat body (39) so as to form a functional fluid channel (25) from the large front surface (36) up to the large rear surface (37), respectively,
-wherein the first plate stack fluid channel (22) and the second plate stack fluid channel (23) are communicatively connected to each other by the cross flow line (24) such that the first fluid flow (2) or the second fluid flow (3) is able to flow from the first plate stack fluid channel (22) to the second plate stack fluid channel (23) or vice versa during operation of the humidification device (1).
9. The device (1) according to claim 6 and 7 or 8,
-the mouth plate (34) is formed by a flat mouth body (43), the flat mouth body (43) comprising a flat large front surface (44) and a flat large rear surface (45) oriented opposite to the flat large front surface (44),
-wherein the flat mouth body (43) comprises a recess (38) forming the second cross flow circuit (27), the second cross flow circuit (27) penetrating the flat mouth body (43) completely from the large front surface (44) until the large rear surface (45), forming a flat mouth body frame (46),
-wherein the flat mouth frame (46) comprises a first and a second pipe means (47, 48), the first and second pipe means (47, 48) penetrating completely through the flat mouth frame (46) forming a first and a second plate stack fluid channel (22, 23) from the large front surface (44) up to the large rear surface (45), respectively,
-wherein the flat mouth frame (46) comprises a third pipe means (49) and at least one mouth hole (28), wherein the third pipe means (49) penetrates completely through the flat mouth frame (46) forming a functional fluid channel (25) from the large front surface (44) up to the large rear surface (45), and wherein the mouth hole (28) opens the flat mouth frame (46) to at least one side forming an opening (51) to the fluid channel (13) such that the first fluid flow (2) or the second fluid flow (3) can flow from the third pipe means (49) to the fluid channel (13) or vice versa.
10. Device (1) according to one of the claims 8 or 9,
-the first line device (47), the second line device (48) and the third line device (49) are each formed by at least one recess having a circular, elliptical or rectangular clear flow cross section (52).
11. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
-the housing connectors (9, 10) comprise a first fluid connection (53) and a second fluid connection (54), respectively,
-wherein the first fluid connection (53) of the first housing connector (9) and the first fluid connection (53) of the second housing connector (10) are fluidly connected to the first fluid channel arrangement (20), and wherein the second fluid connection (54) of the first housing connector (9) and the second fluid connection (54) of the second housing connector (10) are fluidly connected to the second fluid channel arrangement (21).
12. A method for operating a humidifier (4) formed according to claims 1 to 11, the method having the steps of:
1) providing and introducing a first fluid stream (2) and a second fluid stream (3) into the humidifier (4),
2) providing a first pressure level in the first fluid passage means (20), a second pressure level in the second fluid passage means (21), a third pressure level in the fluid passage housing (12),
-wherein the third pressure level:
between the standard atmospheric pressure of 1013.25hPa and said first or second pressure level, or
Between the first pressure level and the second pressure level, or
-above the standard atmospheric pressure of 1013.25hPa and above the first and/or second pressure level, such that a pressure difference between the first and second fluid passage means (20, 21) and the fluid passage housing (12) becomes minimal.
13. A motor vehicle having a humidifying device (1) for transferring water and/or water vapour from a first fluid stream (2) to a second fluid stream (3),
-having a humidifier (4), the humidifier (4) comprising a plate stack (7), two housing connectors (9, 10) arranged on a front side of a plate stack equipping surface (8) of the plate stack (7), respectively, and a fluid channel system (11),
-wherein the plate stack (7) comprises a plurality of plates (31) stacked in mutual contact along an alignment direction (29) defining a longitudinal axis (6),
-wherein the fluid channel system (11) comprises at least two fluid channel means (20, 21),
-wherein the first fluid channel means (20) comprises a plate stack fluid channel extending through the plate (31) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (6),
-wherein the second fluid channel arrangement (21) comprises a functional fluid channel (25), the functional fluid channel (25) comprising a functional fluid channel plate stack pipe extending through the plate (31) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (6) and a functional fluid channel housing pipe connected to the functional fluid channel plate stack pipe,
-wherein the functional fluid channels plate stack tubes and the plate stack fluid channels are communicatively connected to each other within a plate (31) for transporting water and/or water vapour, characterized in that,
-the plates (31) are arranged completely in the functional fluid channel housing tube, and at least one plate (31) is open towards the functional fluid channel housing tube for establishing a fluid connection between the functional fluid channel plate stack tube and the functional fluid channel housing tube.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019209858.4A DE102019209858A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Humidifier for transferring water and / or water vapor, method for operating a humidifier and motor vehicle with a humidifier |
| DE102019209858.4 | 2019-07-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112186222A true CN112186222A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010635363.8A Pending CN112186222A (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-03 | Humidifying device, method thereof and motor vehicle with same |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7060651B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102431268B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN112186222A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102019209858A1 (en) |
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| DE4427354C2 (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1998-07-23 | Gore W L & Ass Gmbh | Membrane module for the removal of gaseous substances from a gas stream (liquid stream) |
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2020
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- 2020-07-03 CN CN202010635363.8A patent/CN112186222A/en active Pending
- 2020-07-03 KR KR1020200081859A patent/KR102431268B1/en active IP Right Grant
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| JP7060651B2 (en) | 2022-04-26 |
| KR20210005531A (en) | 2021-01-14 |
| DE102019209858A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
| KR102431268B1 (en) | 2022-08-09 |
| JP2021012873A (en) | 2021-02-04 |
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