CN112186056A - Preparation method of solar cell module - Google Patents

Preparation method of solar cell module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112186056A
CN112186056A CN201910507909.9A CN201910507909A CN112186056A CN 112186056 A CN112186056 A CN 112186056A CN 201910507909 A CN201910507909 A CN 201910507909A CN 112186056 A CN112186056 A CN 112186056A
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electrode
cutting
peripheral
battery
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王言芬
王永磊
唐泽国
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Beijing Hongtai Innovation Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Hongtai Innovation Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • H01L31/188—Apparatus specially adapted for automatic interconnection of solar cells in a module
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a solar cell module, which comprises the following steps: cutting a battery sheet into a middle battery cell and at least one peripheral battery cell, and disposing the peripheral battery cell at the periphery of the middle battery cell; electrical connection step: connecting the middle battery cell and the at least one peripheral battery cell in series. The solar cell modules in different shapes can be prepared by adopting the preparation method, and the market demand is met.

Description

Preparation method of solar cell module
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a preparation method of a solar cell module.
Technical Field
Solar cells are devices that directly convert light energy into electrical energy by the photoelectric or photochemical effect. The solar cell module adopts sealant such as EVA to fix the cell between the packaging layer, and the packaging layer includes substrate and backplate, and the substrate can be flexible material such as toughened glass or EVA. The solar cell module realizes the installation and current extraction of the solar cell.
However, the most widely used crystalline silicon solar cell modules and thin film solar cell modules are arranged in a row or in a rectangular array in series or parallel. In the production process, the cell slice, the substrate and the back plate are cut into rectangular shapes to prepare the solar cell module. The current solar cell module cannot meet the requirements of other shapes and other required structures such as a circle, an ellipse and the like. Therefore, a method for manufacturing a solar cell module is needed to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a preparation method of a solar cell module, which can be used for preparing solar cell modules in different shapes and meeting the market demand.
The application discloses a preparation method of a solar cell module, which comprises the following steps: cutting a battery sheet into a middle battery cell and at least one peripheral battery cell, and disposing the peripheral battery cell at the periphery of the middle battery cell; electrical connection step: connecting the middle battery cell and the at least one peripheral battery cell in series.
The application provides a solar module has realized that solar module is not bound to the rectangle shape, can be circular, oval-shaped, irregular shape such as dysmorphism even satisfies the demand of multiple installation scene, and this solar module has extensive application scene. Preferably, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery unit in the solar battery pack are directly connected, so that the preparation of the large-area solar battery pack is realized under the condition of avoiding the problems of unreliable connection and the like caused by the connection of the positive electrode and the negative electrode by using an intermediate. Furthermore, the preparation of the solar cell module is completed in the preparation process of the solar cell unit, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the scale production of the solar cell module is utilized.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are provided to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of the present application and constitute part 1 of the description, serve to explain the technical solutions of the present application together with example 1 of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the technical solutions of the present application.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method of fabricating a solar module provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another preferred embodiment of a method of fabricating a solar module provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a solar cell module fabricated using the method of fabricating a solar cell module provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another preferred embodiment of a solar cell module fabricated using the method of fabricating a solar cell module provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of yet another preferred embodiment of a method of fabricating a solar module provided herein;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the solar module shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a side view of the solar module shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of yet another preferred embodiment of a solar cell module fabricated using the method of fabricating a solar cell module provided herein;
fig. 9 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to still another preferred embodiment of the present application.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It is clear that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments 1 of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the application without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the application.
The preparation method of the solar cell module can be used for preparing solar cell modules in various shapes, breaks through the shape limitation of the traditional rectangular solar cell module, and widens the application scene of the solar cell module. The method for manufacturing the solar cell module of the present application and the respective steps thereof will be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for manufacturing a solar cell module provided by the present application includes: cell cutting step S10: the battery sheet is cut into a middle battery cell and at least one peripheral battery cell, and the peripheral battery cells are disposed at the outer periphery of the middle battery cell. By cutting the cell into the middle cell unit and at least one peripheral cell unit arranged on the periphery of the middle cell unit, the large-area cell can be cut into a plurality of cell units with different shapes to meet the solar cell modules with different shape requirements, such as the need of installing round, oval and even other special shapes. The improvement of the preparation method overcomes the production mode of the traditional rectangular battery component and enlarges the application range of the solar battery component. It should be noted that the center battery unit and the peripheral battery unit may be concentric or different, and all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
After the dicing is completed, the electrical connection step S20 is performed: the middle battery cell and the at least one peripheral battery cell are connected in series. The series connection may be a series connection of the plurality of battery cells by means of an intermediate body, and as a preferred electrical connection step, the positive and negative electrodes of the intermediate battery cell and the at least one peripheral battery cell are directly connected in sequence. The positive and negative electrodes of the plurality of battery units are directly connected in sequence, so that the reliability of series connection is improved and the stability of the solar battery pack is ensured under the condition that the connection distance is shortest.
As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of the above technical solution, the method for manufacturing a solar cell provided by the present application further includes an electrode wire drawing step S30, where the electrode wire drawing position is different due to the different cutting manner of the cell sheet into the cell units, which is different from the electrode wire drawing position of the conventional rectangular solar cell, and is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the battery cell cutting step S10 specifically includes: the battery piece is cut into a middle battery unit, such as a battery No. 1, at a middle position, and a plurality of peripheral battery units, such as batteries No. 2, 3, and 4, in a ring shape (not shown), and the plurality of peripheral battery units are sequentially sleeved on the outer circumference of the middle battery unit ring by ring as shown in the figure. Therefore, a large-area solar cell module can be prepared, the solar cell module can be suitable for various scenes and the requirements of the needed substrates, such as scenes and substrates of planes, curved surfaces, irregular surfaces and the like, and the application fields and the application spaces of the solar cells are increased.
The following is a detailed description of the method of making a perovskite solar cell module.
As shown in fig. 5, the battery cell cutting step S10 specifically includes: step S100: n 1 st scribe lines P1 are cut out of the substrate 10 (see fig. 6 and 7) with the bottom electrode 20 to form a central bottom electrode at a central position and n peripheral bottom electrodes disposed around the central bottom electrode, insulated from each other. The purpose of score line 1, P1, is to achieve complete separation of bottom electrode 20, producing a cell bottom electrode comprising a middle bottom electrode and n peripheral bottom electrodes, with n being a minimum of 2.
Step S110: a step of depositing a first charge transport layer 30, a perovskite photoactive layer 40, a second charge transport layer 50 on the middle bottom electrode and the n peripheral bottom electrodes, and filling the 1 st scribe line P1 with the material of the first charge transport layer 30. Other insulating materials may be filled in the 1 st scribe line P1, but in order to simplify the manufacturing process and improve the performance of the battery manufacturing, when the first charge transport layer 30 is deposited on the middle bottom electrode and the n peripheral bottom electrodes, the material of the first charge transport layer 30 is filled in the 1 st scribe line P1, and the thickness of the first charge transport layer 30 above the first scribe line P1 is the same as the thickness of the first charge transport layer 30 prepared on the middle bottom electrode and the n peripheral bottom electrodes.
The scribe lines described herein may be laser scribed intervals, or may be etched, or may be physically scribed, without limitation, and may be finer scribe lines.
S120: n number of 2 nd scribe lines P2 are cut out on the second charge transport layer 50 on first sides of the n number of 1 st scribe lines P1 correspondingly to form a middle functional layer and n number of peripheral functional layers spaced apart from each other on the middle bottom electrode and the n number of peripheral bottom electrodes, respectively. The first side mentioned herein in connection with fig. 3 may be on the second charge transport layer 50 with respect to the intermediate bottom electrode. The n 2 nd scribe lines P2 may be correspondingly cut on the outer side of the n 1 st scribe lines P1, or the n 2 nd scribe lines P2 may be correspondingly cut on the inner side of the n 1 st scribe lines P1 on the second charge transport layer 50 in conjunction with fig. 4. In the preparation process of the perovskite solar cell, cutting is carried out after the preparation of the corresponding layer is finished, so that the preparation of the perovskite solar cell component is finished at the same time.
As shown in fig. 5, after the above steps are completed, the step of electrical connection S20 is executed again, which includes: step S200: the top electrode is deposited on the intermediate functional layer and the n peripheral functional layers and the material of the top electrode is filled in the n 2 nd scribes P2. Similarly, after top electrode material is filled in scribe line 2P 2, the top electrode material above scribe line 2P 2 is the same thickness as the top electrode deposited on the middle functional layer, n peripheral functional layers.
Step S130 in the cell cutting step S10 is then performed: n number of scribe lines 3P 3 are cut out correspondingly on a first side of the n number of scribe lines 2P 2 on the top electrode to form a middle top electrode and n number of peripheral top electrodes spaced apart from each other on the middle functional layer and the n number of peripheral functional layers, respectively. The n 3 rd scribing lines P3 are cut correspondingly on the first side of the n 2 nd scribing lines P2 on the top electrode, and the n 3 rd scribing lines P3 may be cut correspondingly for the periphery of the n 2 nd scribing lines P2 on the top electrode 60 in conjunction with fig. 3. Or in conjunction with fig. 4, n 3 rd scribe lines P3 may be cut out on the top electrode 60 at the periphery of the n 2 nd scribe lines P2, respectively, to complete the perovskite solar cell module. As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the dead zone area between the series-connected battery cells is small, and the perimeter of the later packaging process is short, so that the risk of air leakage in the package is reduced, and the product quality and performance of the solar battery module are improved.
Specifically, the first scribe line P1 uses a laser to scribe the bottom electrode on the substrate with the bottom electrode, separate the cells, and lay the foundation for preparing different shapes of cell units; the second scribe line P2 is formed by scribing the hole transport layer, the perovskite photoactive layer and the electron transport layer to the front of the bottom electrode, such as a transparent conductive film, using a laser before the top electrode is prepared; the third scribe line P3 is used to completely scribe the top electrode using a laser after the top electrode is prepared. In the figure, the activation areas of three perovskite solar cells, namely a cell No. 1, a cell No. 2 and a cell No. 3 are represented by S1, S2 and S3 respectively, and since the cell units are connected in series, the activation areas of the three cells are required to be the same, so that the same photocurrent generated by the solar cell module can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 5, step S130: after the n 3 rd scribe lines P3 are cut out correspondingly on the first side of the n 2 nd scribe lines P2 on the top electrode, the manufacturing method provided by the present application further includes a step S300 in the electrode line drawing step S30: leading out one electrode wire on the middle top electrode and leading out another electrode wire on the outermost 1 of the n peripheral bottom electrodes (see figure 7); alternatively, one electrode line is led out on the middle bottom electrode, and the other electrode line is led out on the outermost 1 of the n peripheral top electrodes (see fig. 6). The electrode leading-out position is simple to set, and the electrode wire is easy to lead out.
Referring to fig. 6, a cell substrate 10, typically glass or a transparent polymer; the bottom electrode 20 is typically a transparent conductive film, and may be fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), or the like; the first charge transport layer 30, which may be an electron transport layer, is typically titanium oxide or tin oxide, etc.; perovskite photoactive layer 40, commonly used in perovskite solar cells (FA)x(MA)1-xPbIyBr3-y(ii) a The second charge transport layer 50, which may be a hole transport layer, is typically a Spiro-OMeTAD, PTAA, CuI, or the like; the top electrode 60 is generally an Au, Ag, FTO, carbon electrode and the like applied to the perovskite solar cell; an electrode line is provided at a position 70 for current extraction from the top electrode of the perovskite solar cell module; the other electrode line is the location 80 for current extraction from the transparent conductive film of the perovskite solar cell module. Of course, the perovskite solar cell module with the formal structure is prepared, and the calcium with the trans-structure can also be prepared by the same preparation methodTitanium ore solar cell module.
The working principle of the perovskite solar cell module as shown in fig. 6: and finally, leading out electrode wires from the position 80 on the transparent conductive film of the No. 1 battery unit and the top electrode 70 of the No. 3 battery unit respectively, thus forming a complete solar battery assembly with three battery units connected in series.
As can be seen from fig. 6 and 7, if the scribing positions of P1 and P3 of all the sub-battery cells are changed, the connection manner of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery cell is reversed. The working principle of the perovskite solar cell module shown in fig. 7 is as follows: the transparent conductive film of the No. 1 battery unit is connected with the top electrode of the No. 2 battery unit, the transparent conductive film of the No. 2 battery unit is connected with the top electrode of the No. 3 battery unit, and finally, electrode wires are respectively led out from a position 70 on the top electrode of the No. 1 battery unit and a position 80 on the transparent conductive film of the No. 3 battery unit, so that a complete solar battery assembly with three sub-battery units connected in series is formed.
Example 1
1. Depositing an FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) transparent conductive layer on a glass substrate with the radius of 6cm by adopting an APCVD (atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition) method, wherein the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is 400 nm; the sheet resistance is 10 omega/sq.
2. The FTO conductive transparent glass substrate is cleaned, and the transparent conductive film on the substrate is completely scribed by the laser scribing first laser scribing P1, and is divided into different battery cells, such as battery cell No. 1, battery cell No. 2, and battery cell No. 3, shown in fig. 3 and 6. The width of the first laser scribe P1 is 50 ± 20 nm.
3. After the first laser scribing P1 is finished, cleaning the FTO on the substrate again, and then spin-coating SnO on the FTO substrate2The nanometer ion is used as an electron transport layer, and the thickness of the electron transport layer is 50 nm.
4. The perovskite absorption layer is spin-coated on the substrate of the electron transport layer in a two-step method, a lead iodide solution (1.3mol/L, DMSO: DMF: 9: 1) is spin-coated, the substrate is placed on a hot bench to be heated for 1 minute at 70 ℃, and after the heating, a mixed solution of FAI/MABr/MACl (FAI: MABr: MACl: 10:1:1, isopropanol solution, 60mg/mL) is spin-coated after the cooling. Immediately after the spin coating, the film was placed on a hot stage and heated at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes, and the thickness of the perovskite photoactive layer was 500 nm.
5. And (3) spin-coating a Spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer on the perovskite solar cell. 72.3mg/mL of a Spiro-OMeTAD solution in chlorobenzene (supplemented with 17.5. mu.L of a Li-TFSI solution in acetonitrile and 28.75. mu.L of 4-t-BP) was spin-coated, oxidized for 2h with oxygen, and then scraped to remove excess edge.
6. The second laser scribe P2 is scribed to the transparent conductive film using a laser at the location shown in fig. 3. The width of the second laser scribe line P2 is 200 ± 50nm, and the distance of the second laser scribe line P2 from the first laser scribe line P1 is 200 ± 100 nm.
7. Gold electrodes were prepared by evaporation, typically 100nm thick.
8. A third laser scribe P3 is laser scribed in the position shown in fig. 3 to ensure complete separation of the top electrodes. The width of the third laser scribe line P3 is 50 ± 20nm, and the distance between the third laser scribe line P3 and the second laser scribe line P2 is 200 ± 100 nm.
9. Two leads are respectively led out of the transparent conductive film of the No. 1 battery unit and the top electrode of the No. 3 battery unit.
Example 2
1. An FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) transparent conductive layer is deposited on a glass substrate with the radius of 10cm by adopting an APCVD (atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition) method, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is 400nm, and the sheet resistance is 10 omega/sq.
2. The FTO conductive transparent glass substrate is cleaned, and the transparent conductive film on the substrate is completely scribed by the laser scribing first laser scribing P1, and divided into different battery cells, such as battery cell No. 1, battery cell No. 2, and battery cell No. 3 shown in fig. 4 and 7.
3. After the first laser scribing P1 is finished, cleaning the FTO on the substrate again, and then spin-coating SnO on the FTO substrate2The nanometer ion is used as an electron transport layer, and the thickness of the electron transport layer is 50 nm.
4. And spin-coating the perovskite absorption layer on the substrate of the electron transport layer by a two-step method. Spin-coating a lead iodide solution (1.3mol/L, DMSO: DMF ═ 9: 1), placing on a hot plate, heating at 70 ℃ for 1 minute, taking out, cooling, and spin-coating a mixed solution of FAI/MABr/MACl (FAI: MABr: MACl ═ 10:1:1, isopropanol solution, 60 mg/mL). Immediately placing the film on a hot bench to heat at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes after the spin coating is finished, wherein the thickness of the perovskite photoactive layer is 500 nm.
5. Laser scribe P2 is used to scribe to the top of the transparent conductive film in the position shown in fig. 4 and 7.
6. And (3) spin-coating a Spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer on the perovskite solar cell. 72.3mg/mL of a Spiro-OMeTAD solution in chlorobenzene (supplemented with 17.5. mu.L of a Li-TFSI solution in acetonitrile and 28.75. mu.L of 4-t-BP) was spin-coated, oxidized for 2h with oxygen, and then scraped to remove excess edge.
7. The top electrode is prepared by evaporation, and the thickness is generally 100 nm.
8. Laser scoring P3 is used in the position shown in fig. 4 and 7, as long as complete separation of the top electrodes is ensured.
9. And leading out wires on the top electrode of the No. 1 battery and the transparent conducting film of the No. 3 battery respectively.
As another preferred embodiment of the method for manufacturing a solar cell module of the present application, the cell unit cutting step specifically includes: the battery units are cut into the concentric fan-shaped regions, the specific structure is shown in fig. 8, each battery unit is cut into the fan-shaped regions, the center is concentric, the requirements of scenes with different shapes such as circle, ellipse and abnormity can be met, and the application field and the application space of the perovskite solar battery are expanded.
The scheme of the present application is described in detail below in the fabrication process of perovskite solar cell modules.
As shown in fig. 9, cutting the plurality of battery cells into a plurality of concentric fan-shaped regions specifically includes: step S140: cutting a 4 th scribing line P4 at the center of the circle on the substrate with the bottom electrode to form a center area, and removing the material of the bottom electrode in the center area;
step S150: cutting n 5 th scribe lines P5 on the substrate, the n 5 th scribe lines P5 extending from the 4 th scribe line P4, respectively, to the edge of the substrate in a direction away from the center region to form n concentric fan-shaped bottom electrodes: sector 1 bottom electrode, … …, and sector n bottom electrode.
Step S160: a first charge transport layer, a perovskite photoactive layer, and a 2 nd second charge transport layer are sequentially deposited on the fan-shaped bottom electrode, and the n 5 th scribe lines P5 are filled with the first charge transport layer. The purpose of filling the first charge transport layer is described in the same technical solution.
Step S170: the first n-1 6 th scribe lines P6 are cut on the second charge transport layer on the first side of the first n-1 5 th scribe lines P5 correspondingly, and the first n-1 6 th scribe lines P6 extend from the 4 th scribe lines P4 to the edge of the substrate in the direction away from the center area, respectively, to form n-1 fan-shaped functional layers. Referring to fig. 8, the definition of the first side in this step may be that the first n-1 th scribe line P6 is cut out on the left side (or right side) of the first n-1 th scribe line P5 on the second charge transport layer, correspondingly.
As shown in fig. 9, step S210 of the electrical connection step S20 is then executed: a top electrode is deposited on the fan-shaped functional layer and the 6 th scribe line P6 is filled with the material of the top electrode. The purpose of filling the top electrode material in scribe line 6P 6 is to connect the individual cells in series, completing the fabrication of the battery pack at the same time as the fabrication of the cells.
As shown in fig. 9, the step S180 in the cell cutting step S10 is continuously performed: cutting n 7 th scribe lines P7 on a first side of the n 5 th scribe lines P5 of the top electrode, the n 7 th scribe lines P7 extending from the 4 th scribe line P4 to the edge of the substrate in a direction away from the center region, respectively, to form n concentric fan-shaped top electrodes: a 1 st segment top electrode, … …, an nth segment top electrode, wherein a distance between the n 7 th scribe line P7 and the corresponding n 5 th scribe line is greater than a distance between the first n-1 th 6 th scribe line P6 and the corresponding first n-1 th 5 th scribe line. As shown in fig. 8, the cutting of the n 7 th scribe lines P7 on the first side of the n 5 th scribe lines P5 of the top electrode may be the cutting of the n 7 th scribe lines P7 on the left side (or the right side) of the n 5 th scribe lines P5 of the top electrode, where the first side is necessarily the same side as the first side in step S170.
Then, step S190 is performed: and cutting an 8 th scribing line P8 from the 1 st fan-shaped top electrode to the n-1 st fan-shaped top electrode on the top electrode around the circle center to form an arc area, wherein the arc area and the n-th fan-shaped top electrode are connected into a whole. The 8 th scribe line P8 does not cut the nth segment top electrode, and needs the circular arc region to be integrated with the nth segment top electrode.
As shown in fig. 9, after the 8 th scribe line P8 is cut on the top electrode around the center from the 1 st fan-shaped top electrode to the n-1 st fan-shaped top electrode to form the arc area, the method further includes a step S310 of an electrode line drawing step S30: one electrode wire 1 is led out from the arc area, and the other electrode wire 2 is led out from the 1 st fan-shaped bottom electrode, as shown in fig. 8.
As shown in fig. 8, the fourth scribe line P4 etches away the transparent conductive layer at the center area on the conductive substrate; the fifth scribe line P5 scribes the conductive layer (bottom electrode) on the conductive substrate using a laser to separate the respective battery cells; a sixth scribing line P6 is formed by scribing the hole transport layer, the perovskite photoactive layer and the electron transport layer to the front of the transparent conductive film by using laser before the top electrode is formed; wherein there is no sixth score line P6 between battery cell No. 1 and battery cell No. 4 because the two batteries need not be connected in series; the seventh scribe line P7 uses a laser to scribe the top electrode after the top electrode is made; the 8 th scribing line P8 laser scribes the arc area and the No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 battery units in a circle center area at a certain radius, and keeps the arc area and the No. 4 battery as a whole; the electrode wire 1 draws out the current collected by the top electrode (see fig. 8); the electrode line 2 draws out the current collected by the transparent conductive layer (see fig. 8). Therefore, the dead zone of the perovskite solar cell module in the central area is used as the leading-out position of the electrode wire, the circular area of the perovskite solar cell module is the dead zone, and when the lead wire or the welding strip is led out on the electrode wire by using solution, colloid and high temperature, the adverse effects such as decomposition, deterioration and the like on the perovskite photoactive layer or the hole transport layer of the cell can be avoided.
The activation areas of the four perovskite solar cells, namely the No. 1 cell unit, the No. 2 cell unit, the No. 3 cell unit and the No. 4 cell unit, are the same, so that the generated photocurrents are the same.
The working principle of the perovskite solar cell module is as follows: the transparent conductive film of the No. 1 battery unit is connected with the top electrode of the No. 2 battery unit, and the transparent conductive film of the No. 2 battery unit is connected with the top electrode of the No. 3 battery unit; the transparent conductive film of the No. 3 cell unit is connected with the top electrode of the No. 4 cell unit, the top electrode wire is led out in the arc-shaped area of the central area of the module, and the other electrode wire is led out in the transparent conductive film of the No. 1 cell unit, so that a complete solar cell module with four sub-cells connected in series is formed.
A cell substrate, typically glass or a transparent polymer; the bottom electrode is a transparent conductive film, and can be fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) and the like; the first charge transport layer, which may be an electron transport layer, is typically titanium oxide or tin oxide (SnO)2) Etc.; perovskite photoactive layer, commonly used in perovskite solar cells (FA)x(MA)1-xPbIyBr3-y(ii) a A second charge transport layer, which may be a hole transport layer, typically a Spiro-OMeTAD, PTAA, CuI, or the like; the top electrode is generally Au, Ag, FTO, carbon electrode and the like applied to the perovskite solar cell.
Example 3
1. Depositing an FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) transparent conductive layer on a glass substrate with the radius of 6cm by adopting an APCVD (atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition) method; the thickness of the transparent conductive film is 400 nm; the sheet resistance is 10 omega/sq.
2. The FTO conductive transparent glass substrate (FTO) was cleaned and etched at a 2mm radius from the center using a laser scribe P4 to form a circular area.
3. The substrate is then scribed using laser scribe P5 at every 90 degrees, one end to the edge of the circular area and the other end to the outer edge of the substrate, thus dividing the substrate into four sub-substrate units, as shown in fig. 8.
4. Cleaning FTO on the substrate by scribing with laser P5, and spin-coating SnO on the substrate of FTO2Nano-ionAs the electron transport layer, the thickness of the electron transport layer was 50nm, as shown in FIG. 8.
5. And spin-coating the perovskite absorption layer on the substrate of the electron transport layer by a two-step method. A lead iodide solution (1.3mol/L, DMSO: DMF ═ 9: 1) was spin-coated, the mixture was placed on a hot plate and heated at 70 ℃ for 1 minute, and after cooling, a mixed solution of FAI/MABr/MACl was spin-coated (FAI: MABr: MAI ═ 10:1:1, isopropanol solution, 60 mg/mL). Immediately after the spin coating, the film is placed on a hot bench and heated at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes, and the thickness of the perovskite photoactive layer is 300 nm.
6. And (3) spin-coating a Spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer on the perovskite solar cell. A72.3 mg/mL solution of Spiro-OMeTAD in chlorobenzene (supplemented with 17.5. mu.L of a solution of Li-TFSI in acetonitrile and 28.75. mu.L of 4-t-BP) was spin-coated, oxidized for 2h with oxygen, and then the excess edge portion was scraped off.
7. Laser scribe P6 is used to scribe to the top of the transparent conductive film using the position shown in fig. 8.
8. In the circular area with a radius of 1.5mm, the functional layer deposited in the circle is etched away: an electron transport layer, a perovskite photoactive layer and a hole transport layer.
9. The top electrode is prepared by evaporation, the gold electrode is firstly evaporated in a circular area until the gold electrode is flush with the spin-coated hole transport layer, and then the gold electrode is evaporated on the whole substrate, wherein the thickness of the gold electrode is generally 100 nm.
10. Laser scribe P7 is used in the position shown in fig. 8 as long as complete separation of the top electrodes is ensured.
11. The 1# battery cell, the 2# battery cell and the 3# battery cell are scribed by using a laser scribing line P8 at the position shown in FIG. 8 at a radius of 2mm from the center of a circle, so that the top electrode in the arc region and the 4# battery cell are connected into a whole and are not damaged.
12. One electrode wire is directly led out from the arc area, the upper functional layer is scraped off at the edge of the 1# battery unit, and the other electrode wire is led out from the lower transparent electrode film.
Example 4
1. Depositing an ITO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) transparent conductive layer on a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrate with the radius of 10cm by adopting an APCVD (atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition) method; the thickness of the transparent conductive film is 400 nm; the sheet resistance is 10 omega/sq.
2. The PEN substrate was cleaned and etched at a 2mm radius from the center using a laser scribe P4, drawing a circular area, as shown in fig. 8.
3. The substrate is then scribed, using laser scribe P5, at every 90 degrees, from one end to the edge of the circular area and the other end to the outer edge of the substrate, thus dividing the substrate into four substrate units, as shown in fig. 8.
4. After laser scribing P5 is completed, the FTO on the substrate is cleaned again, and then SnO is spin-coated on the substrate of the FTO2The nanometer ion is used as an electron transport layer, and the thickness of the electron transport layer is 50 nm. Laser scribe P6 is used to scribe to the top of the transparent conductive film using the position shown in fig. 8.
5. And spin-coating the perovskite absorption layer on the substrate of the electron transport layer by a two-step method. A lead iodide solution (1.3M, DMSO: DMF ═ 9: 1) was spin-coated, the resulting solution was placed on a hot plate and heated at 70 ℃ for 1 minute, and after cooling, a mixed solution of FAI/MABr/MACl was spin-coated (FAI: MABr: MAI ═ 10:1:1, isopropanol solution, 60 mg/mL). Immediately after the spin coating, the film is placed on a hot bench and heated at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes, and the thickness of the perovskite photoactive layer is 300 nm.
6. The hole transport layer was prepared by dissolving PTAA and TPFB in a ratio of 30mg:3mg in chlorobenzene, and then rotating at 2000rpm for 20 seconds.
7. Laser scribe P6 was used to scribe to the transparent conductive film in the position shown in fig. 8.
8. In the circular area with a radius of 1.5mm, the functional layer deposited in the circle is etched away: an electron transport layer, a perovskite photoactive layer and a hole transport layer.
9. The top electrode is prepared by evaporation, the gold electrode is firstly evaporated in a circular area until the gold electrode is flush with the spin-coated hole transport layer, and then the gold electrode is evaporated on the whole substrate, wherein the thickness is generally 200 nm.
10. Laser scribe P7 is used in the position shown in fig. 8 as long as complete separation of the top electrodes is ensured.
11. The 2# battery, the 3# battery cell and the 4# battery cell are scribed by using a laser scribing line P8 at the position shown in FIG. 8 at a radius of 2mm from the center of the circle, so as to ensure that the top electrode at the center and the 1# battery cell are not damaged and form a circular arc area.
12. One lead is led out from the arc area, the upper functional layer is scraped off at the edge of the 4# battery unit, and the other lead is led out from the lower transparent electrode.
Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising:
a battery unit cutting step: cutting a battery sheet into a middle battery cell and at least one peripheral battery cell, and disposing the peripheral battery cell at the periphery of the middle battery cell;
electrical connection step: connecting the middle battery cell and the at least one peripheral battery cell in series.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the electrically connecting step comprises:
connecting the electrodes of the intermediate cell unit and the at least one peripheral cell unit directly in sequence.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the battery cell cutting step specifically comprises:
and cutting the battery piece into a middle battery unit and a plurality of annular peripheral battery units at the middle position, and sequentially sleeving the plurality of peripheral battery units on the periphery of the middle battery unit in a ring-by-ring manner.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the battery cell cutting step specifically comprises:
cutting n 1 st scribe lines P1 on a substrate with a bottom electrode to form a middle bottom electrode at a middle position and n peripheral bottom electrodes arranged around the middle bottom electrode, which are insulated from each other;
depositing a first charge transport layer, a perovskite photoactive layer, a second charge transport layer on the middle bottom electrode and the n peripheral bottom electrodes, and the 1 st scribe line P1 filling the material of the first charge transport layer;
cutting n 2 nd scribe lines P2 on the second charge transport layer on first sides of the n 1 st scribe lines P1 correspondingly to form a middle functional layer and n peripheral functional layers spaced apart from each other on the middle bottom electrode and the n peripheral bottom electrodes, respectively.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the electrically connecting step comprises:
depositing a top electrode on said intermediate functional layer and said n peripheral functional layers and filling the material of said top electrode in said n 2 nd scribes P2;
the battery cell cutting step further includes: cutting out n 3 rd scribe lines P3 on the top electrode on a first side of the n 2 nd scribe lines P2 correspondingly to form a middle top electrode and n peripheral top electrodes spaced apart from each other on the middle functional layer and the n peripheral functional layers, respectively.
6. The manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that after n 3 rd scribe lines P3 are cut out correspondingly on a first side of the n 2 nd scribe lines P2 on the top electrode, the method further includes an electrode line drawing step of:
leading out an electrode wire on the middle top electrode, and leading out another electrode wire on the outermost one of the n peripheral bottom electrodes; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and one electrode wire is led out from the middle bottom electrode, and the other electrode wire is led out from the outermost top electrode in the n peripheral top electrodes.
7. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the battery cell cutting step specifically comprises:
cutting the plurality of battery cells into a plurality of sector-shaped regions.
8. The method for preparing according to claim 7, wherein cutting the plurality of battery cells into a plurality of concentric fan-shaped regions specifically comprises:
cutting a 4 th scribing line P4 on the substrate with the bottom electrode at the center of the circle to form a center area, and removing the material of the bottom electrode in the center area;
cutting n 5 th scribe lines P5 on the substrate, the n 5 th scribe lines P5 extending from the 4 th scribe line P4 to an edge of the substrate in a direction away from the center region, respectively, to form n concentric fan-shaped bottom electrodes: the 1 st sector bottom electrode, … …, the nth sector bottom electrode;
depositing a first charge transport layer, a perovskite photoactive layer and a second charge transport layer on the fan-shaped bottom electrode in sequence, and filling the n 5 th score lines P5 with the first charge transport layer;
correspondingly cutting out a first n-1 6 th scribing line P6 on a first side of a first n-1 5 th scribing line P5 on the second charge transport layer, wherein the first n-1 6 th scribing lines P6 respectively extend from the 4 th scribing line P4 to the edge of the substrate along the direction away from the circle center area to form n-1 fan-shaped functional layers.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the electrically connecting step comprises:
depositing a top electrode on the fan-shaped functional layer and filling the 6 th scribe line P6 with the material of the top electrode;
the battery cell cutting step further includes:
cutting n 7 th scribe lines P7 on a first side of the n 5 th scribe lines P5 of the top electrode, the n 7 th scribe lines P7 extending from the 4 th scribe line P4 to an edge of the substrate in a direction away from the center region, respectively, to form n concentric fan-shaped top electrodes: a 1 st segment top electrode, … …, an nth segment top electrode, wherein a distance between the n 7 th scribe line P7 and the corresponding n 5 th scribe line is greater than a distance between the first n-1 th scribe line P6 and the corresponding first n-1 th scribe line 5;
cutting an 8 th scribe line P8 from the 1 st to the n-1 st sector-shaped top electrodes on the top electrode around the center of the circle to form an arc area, wherein the arc area is connected with the n-th sector-shaped top electrode.
10. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized by, after cutting an 8 th scribe line P8 around the center from the 1 st to the n-1 st fan-shaped top electrodes on the top electrode to form a circular arc region, further comprising an electrode line drawing step of:
and one electrode wire is led out from the arc area, and the other electrode wire is led out from the 1 st fan-shaped bottom electrode.
CN201910507909.9A 2019-06-12 2019-06-12 Preparation method of solar cell module Pending CN112186056A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023137756A1 (en) * 2022-01-24 2023-07-27 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Solar cell and preparation method therefor, photovoltaic module and electrical device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023137756A1 (en) * 2022-01-24 2023-07-27 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Solar cell and preparation method therefor, photovoltaic module and electrical device
EP4243091A4 (en) * 2022-01-24 2024-03-06 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd Solar cell and preparation method therefor, photovoltaic module and electrical device

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