CN112184428B

CN112184428B - Processing method and system for operation and flow of financing requester

Info

Publication number: CN112184428B
Application number: CN202011159257.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 费丽娜; 张宇航; 邹雪晴; 张鸿
Original assignee: Alipay Hangzhou Information Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ant Blockchain Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-26
Filing date: 2020-10-26
Publication date: 2022-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-26
Also published as: CN112184428A

Abstract

The embodiment of the specification discloses a processing method and a system for operation flow of a financing requester, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a data credentialing transaction request, wherein the data credentialing transaction request comprises a first running water of one or more financing requesters, and the first running water is from a payment machine of the financing requesters; in response to the data crediting transaction request, performing data processing on a first marketing pipeline of the one or more financing requesters; and storing the first operation flow of the one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into blockchain data so as to be obtained by the investor.

Description

Processing method and system for operation and flow of financing requester

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method and a system for processing operation flow of a financing requester.

Background

In a credit scene, the investor can evaluate the operation condition, credit level, continuous operation capacity and the like of the financing requester according to the operation and flow data and other data of the financing requester so as to judge whether the financing requester has sufficient repayment capacity. The authenticity, integrity and effectiveness of the acquired operation flow data of the financing requester influence the accuracy of the evaluation of the repayment capacity of the financing requester by the investor.

It is therefore desirable to provide a method and system for processing financing requester operations pipelining.

Disclosure of Invention

One embodiment of the present specification provides a processing method for operation flow of a financing requester, including: obtaining a data credentialing transaction request, wherein the data credentialing transaction request comprises a first running water of one or more financing requesters, and the first running water is from a payment machine of the financing requesters; in response to the data crediting transaction request, data processing a first managed stream of the one or more financing requesters; and storing the first operation flow of the one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into blockchain data so as to be obtained by the investor.

One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a processing system for managing pipelining by a financing requester. The system comprises: the payment machines of one or more financing requesters are used for collecting a first operation flow, signing the first operation flow by using a private key to obtain a digital signature, and periodically and automatically uploading the first operation flow and the digital signature thereof to an Internet of things central station; the Internet of things central station is used for verifying the digital signature based on the first operation flow and a public key of a corresponding payment machine, and if the verification is successful, initiating a data evidence transaction request, wherein the data evidence transaction request comprises the first operation flow of one or more financing requesters; and the block chain network is used for acquiring a data evidence transaction request, responding to the data evidence transaction request to perform data processing on the first operation flow of one or more financing requesters, and storing the first operation flow of the one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into block chain data so as to be convenient for the investor to acquire.

One embodiment of the present specification provides a processing system for financing requester operation pipelining, which is applied to a block chain asset management platform. The system comprises: the system comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a data deposit transaction request, the data deposit transaction request comprises a first operation flow of one or more financing requesters, and the first operation flow comes from a payment machine of the financing requesters; the data processing module is used for responding to the data evidence transaction request and carrying out data processing on the first running water of the one or more financing requesters; and the first data writing module is used for storing the first operation flow of the one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into block chain data so as to be convenient for the investor to obtain.

One of the embodiments of the present specification provides a processing apparatus for financing requester operation pipelining, which includes at least one processor, and the at least one processor is configured to execute the financing requester operation pipelining processing method as described above.

One of the embodiments of the present specification provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and when the computer reads the computer instructions in the storage medium, the computer executes the financing requester running pipelining processing method as described above.

Drawings

The present description will be further explained by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail by way of the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not intended to be limiting, and in these embodiments like numerals are used to indicate like structures, wherein:

FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of an application scenario in which a financing requester operates a pipelining treatment system according to some embodiments of the present description;

FIG. 2 is a multi-end interactive flow diagram of a financing requester operation pipelining method according to some embodiments of the present description;

FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow diagram of a financing requester running a pipelining trust verification method according to some embodiments of the present description;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary flow diagram of a method of investor investment data processing according to some embodiments of the present description;

FIG. 5 is an exemplary block diagram of an asset management platform shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present description.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the present description, and that for a person skilled in the art, the present description can also be applied to other similar scenarios on the basis of these drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context, or otherwise indicated, like reference numbers in the figures refer to the same structure or operation.

It should be understood that "system", "apparatus", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein is a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels. However, other words may be substituted by other expressions if they accomplish the same purpose.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that steps and elements are included which are explicitly identified, that the steps and elements do not form an exclusive list, and that a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements.

Flow charts are used in this description to illustrate operations performed by a system according to embodiments of the present description. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in the exact order in which they are performed. Rather, the various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Meanwhile, other operations may be added to the processes, or a certain step or several steps of operations may be removed from the processes.

The Internet of Things (IOT) is to collect any object or process needing monitoring, connection and interaction in real time through various devices and technologies, and collected data of The Internet of Things can be accessed through various possible networks, so as to realize ubiquitous connection between objects and people and intelligent perception, identification and management of objects and processes.

The Middle Platform (MP) refers to a supporting system of a foreground (or a front end, a terminal), and is usually used as a general service layer above an infrastructure layer, and specifically consists of general service field capabilities and a corresponding background. The middle station can be understood as a service provider of the foreground, and the foreground can quickly call an available, reliable and manageable service at different moments and under different scenes.

The internet of things Middle Platform (IMP) is a Middle Platform based on the internet of things, can be an integrated data management Platform, and consists of one or more physical servers. The data management system can provide data services such as data management, data model building, data asset management and the like for a foreground (an Internet of things terminal) through the Internet of things technology, further abstract and precipitate data to form strong service capacity, and provide calling for the foreground in real time.

The asset management platform refers to an asset management platform established based on a blockchain network. The system can realize the writing and analysis of asset data (such as real-time operation flow data) based on received transactions (such as data deposit transaction requests, data verification transaction requests and the like), and provide a qualification flow data verification entrance and the like.

The payment machine refers to a terminal device (or called an internet of things terminal) for completing the payment under line.

The financing requester is a fund demander, namely a party needing to raise funds to the outside.

An investor (which may also become a financer) refers to a party that invests funds to purchase an asset in the hope of obtaining a profit or profit. In a credit scenario, the investor typically refers to a party that fundes a financing requester, such as a bank, a borrowing institution, a corporate shareholder, and so forth.

Refinancing refers to direct financing on the securities market by way of equity shares, accrual and issuance of convertible bonds, etc. A re-financing sponsor is a party that provides assets to a re-financing requester in the hope of obtaining benefits or profits.

In some scenarios, the investor may obtain the operation flow data of the financing requester from a third party (e.g., the financing requester, the payment instrument manufacturer, etc.), or the payment platform, etc., to perform credit assessment. However, this has a difficulty in ensuring authenticity and real-time performance of the operation flow data. For example, if the manufacturer of the payment machine (or the financing requester) tampers with the operation flow, it is difficult for the investor to ensure the authenticity of the operation flow data from the source. On the other hand, the financing requester may complete the fund transaction through other channels (e.g., code scanning gun, POS machine, etc.) outside the payment platform, so the operational flow obtained from the payment platform has a limitation in data comprehensiveness.

Therefore, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a processing method for operation and flow of a financing requester by using a combination of a middlebox and a blockchain network of the internet of things, and ensure that operation and flow data is real and reliable by storing the operation and flow data obtained in real time from a payment tool of the financing requester into blockchain data.

FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of an application scenario in which a financing requester operates a pipelining treatment system according to some embodiments of the present description.

As shown in fig. 1, the financing requester business pipelining processing system 100 may include a blockchain asset management platform 110, a network 120, one or more payment instruments 130, and an internet of things middlebox 140.

In some embodiments, the blockchain resource management platform 110 may include a server 112 that interfaces with the internet of things middlebox 140 and a blockchain network composed of a plurality of blockchain nodes 114. More generally, in the blockchain resource management platform 110, the blockchain node 114 may receive transactions uploaded (or broadcast) to the chain, invoke corresponding smart contracts to complete execution of the transactions, and write the transactions and results of the execution of the transactions to the blockchain data. For example, a server in the blockchain asset management platform 110 may obtain a data deposit transaction request initiated by the middlebox 140 of the internet of things, perform data processing on a first operation flow of one or more financing requesters in response to the data deposit transaction request, and store the first operation flow of the one or more financing requesters and a data processing result in blockchain data of a blockchain network, so that the investor 150 can obtain the data.

The consensus mechanism is an essential component of the normal operation of the blockchain network, and is used to ensure that the blockchain data stored by each node is consistent. A plurality of nodes may agree on operations to receive (input of corresponding code), generate (output of corresponding code or intermediate result), and/or perform by running a consensus protocol, and nodes participating in consensus may be referred to as consensus nodes. For example, for a plurality of transactions involved in a new block, each consensus node may agree on the order of execution of the plurality of transactions by running a consensus protocol. For another example, the consensus nodes in the blockchain resource management platform 110 that receive the data verification transaction request initiated by the investor may agree on the result of the credibility verification of the operation flow of the financing requester by running a consensus protocol.

Blockchain data (also referred to as on-chain data) may include writes of blockchain data, also referred to as uplinks, by common identification of blockchain data and state data (also referred to as global state or world state). Wherein the block data comprises continuously generated and time-sequentially linked blocks, and each common node can uplink a new block by running a common protocol. Consensus pass means that each consensus node can write the same new block to the blockchain data. For example only, in some embodiments, the condition that the consensus passes includes that more than a predetermined percentage (e.g., 2/3) of the consensus nodes agree to uplink the new block. The status data may include status variables associated with each account, such as the balance of an external account controlled by an individual, organization, or, as another example, the contract status of a contract account.

It should be noted that the blockchain has a public transparency characteristic, so that any node can obtain the transaction broadcasted in the blockchain network, and if the account data of the account checking party is put into the account checking transaction in a clear text form, there may be a risk of disclosure. In view of this, in some embodiments, transaction data (e.g., the first transaction stream) may be uploaded to the blockchain as ciphertext, and an authorized data user (e.g., a sponsor) may decrypt corresponding data obtained from the chain using a key provided by the data source.

In some embodiments, block link point 114 may be a variety of computing devices, such as a laptop computer, desktop computer, server, and the like.

In some embodiments, the server 112 may issue its corresponding public chain account, private key, etc. to various transaction request initiators, such as the internet of things middlebox 140, the investor 150, and the re-financing investor 160. In some embodiments, the server 112 may also receive internet of things data of each transaction request initiator. For example, the server 112 may receive a first once-through flow of one or more financing requesters from the payment instruments of the financing requesters uploaded by the internet of things middlebox 140.

Network 120 may facilitate the exchange of information and/or data. In some embodiments, one or more components in the system 100 (e.g., the blockchain asset management platform 110, the payment instrument 130, the internet of things middlebox 140) may send information and/or data to other components in the system 100 through the network 120. For example, the blockchain asset management platform 110 may obtain the first once-through stream of financing requesters from the internet of things middlebox 140 over the network 120. As another example, blockchain asset management platform 110 may obtain a second operational flow of financing requestors from investors 150 via network 120. In some embodiments, the network 120 may be any one or combination of a wired network or a wireless network. By way of example only, network 120 may include a cable network, a wired network, a fiber optic network, a remote communication network, an intranet, the internet, a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a bluetooth network, a ZigBee network, a Near Field Communication (NFC) network, the like, or any combination of the above. In some embodiments, network 120 may include one or more network switching points. For example, network 120 may include wired or wireless network switching points, such as base stations and/or Internet switching points 120-1, 120-2, … …, through which one or more components of system 100 may connect to network 120 to exchange data and/or information.

In some embodiments, the payment instrument 130 may include, but is not limited to, a code scanning gun 130-1, a standard POS machine 130-2, a payment platform, a facial recognition machine, an NFC reader, a smart card reader, or an RFID reader. In some scenarios, the financing requester may effect a transaction for goods through the payment instrument 130. For example, a financing requester may collect payment from a customer through a payment instrument 130.

In some embodiments, the payment instrument vendor may obtain the user's business flow data collected by the payment instrument upon authorization by the user (e.g., a financing requester). For example, the payment instrument 130 may be used to collect a first once-through line of financing requestors. The operation flow refers to the details of capital and fund collection and other related information in the operation process, and more contents can be referred to fig. 2 and the related description thereof, which are not described herein again. In some embodiments, the payment instrument 130 may include a Software Development Kit (SDK) with a private key built in. The SDK may be used to collect a user's business run (e.g., a first business run) and sign the business run using a private key to obtain a digital signature. In some embodiments, the payment instrument 130 may periodically and automatically upload the user's business stream and its digital signature to the internet of things center 140.

The internet of things middlebox 140 may be configured to obtain operation flow data and initiate a data credentialing transaction request to the blockchain resource management platform 110. For example, the internet of things middlebox 140 may verify the digital signature based on the first operation stream acquired from the payment tool of the financing requester and the public key of the corresponding payment tool, and initiate a data deposit transaction request to the blockchain asset management platform 110 if the verification is successful. In this way, the internet of things middlebox 140 can confirm whether the source and specific data of the first operation flow are tampered by verifying the digital signature, so as to ensure the authenticity of the operation flow data. In some embodiments, the internet of things kiosk 140 may issue its on-chain device account, private key, to one or more payment instruments 130. For example, the internet of things kiosk 140 may implant a private key containing SDK (software Development kit) to the payment instrument 130, the SDK for interfacing to the on-chain services. For another example, the internet of things center station 140 may set an on-chain account and a device number corresponding to one or more payment instruments 130 to ensure the source credibility of the uploaded data of the payment instruments, and/or store the uploaded data of the corresponding payment instruments in the account on different chains.

For more details on the components of the operation flow processing system 100 of the financing requester, reference is made to the relevant description of fig. 2-5. In some alternative embodiments, system 100 may also include other components for the business pipelining of financing requesters, which the present description is not limited to.

FIG. 2 is a multi-end interactive flow diagram of a financing requester operation pipelining method according to some embodiments of the present description.

In some embodiments, one or more of the steps in the process 200 may be performed by one or more components in the system 100 described above. For example, after the system 100 obtains the authorization of the operation flow of the financing requester, the payment tool 130 may send the first operation flow of the financing requester and the digital signature thereof obtained in real time to the internet of things middlebox 140 through the network 120, the internet of things middlebox 140 may verify the digital signature based on the first operation flow and the public key of the corresponding payment tool, and initiate the data evidence transaction request to the block chain resource management platform 110 after the verification is passed, and the block chain resource management platform 110 may respond to the data evidence transaction request, perform data processing on the first operation flow, and store the first operation flow and the data processing result in the block chain data.

For the sake of understanding, the operation pipelining processing method of the financing requester will be described mainly with a blockchain asset management platform (also referred to as a blockchain asset management platform) as an execution subject. A blockchain asset management platform refers to a platform that can plan, control, and provide service functions for data assets. The blockchain resource management platform in the embodiment of the present disclosure refers to an asset management platform established based on a blockchain network, which corresponds to the blockchain resource management platform 110 in fig. 1.

Step 210, obtaining a data evidence transaction request. In some embodiments, step 210 may be performed by acquisition module 510.

The data credentialing transaction request is a request initiated by the data holder to store the held data into the blockchain data from the asset management platform (e.g., blockchain asset management platform 110). In some embodiments, the data credentialing transaction request can include a first transaction line of one or more financing requesters, the first transaction line being from a payment instrument of the financing requesters. The operation flow refers to the operation capital balance and the related account information of the financing requester. In some embodiments, the operations pipeline (e.g., the first operations pipeline, the second operations pipeline) may include at least one of a payment pipeline, an order number, a payment instrument identification, and merchandise information. Payment pipelining refers to accounting information related to payments. In some embodiments, the payment pipeline may include at least one of financing requester information (e.g., financing requester store address, financing requester identification, etc.), customer information (e.g., customer age, identity, gender, etc.), payment amount, and payment channel (e.g., face payment, code swipe payment, card swipe payment, etc.), among others. The order number refers to an identification number of a payment order and/or a collection order corresponding to a certain payment pipeline. The payment machine identification means identification information such as a device number and a model used for reflecting the uniqueness of the payment machine. The commodity information can be used for reflecting the related information of the trading goods corresponding to a certain marketing line. For example, the merchandise information may include information such as the category, value, etc. of the item being traded.

In some embodiments, a payment instrument (e.g., the payment instrument 130) may collect the first traffic by an SDK having a private key built in, and sign the first traffic by the private key to obtain a digital signature. In some embodiments, the payment instrument can update the SDK embedded with the private key through the system. For example, the financing requester may make a system update on the payment instrument it uses, either actively or upon request of the investor, to implant the SDK with the built-in private key. In some embodiments, the payment instrument may be factory implanted with the SDK with the private key built in. In some embodiments, the SDK with the private key built in may be implanted into the payment instrument through a kiosk of the internet of things (e.g., kiosk 140 of the internet of things). In some embodiments, the implantation of a private key embedded SDK in a payment instrument requires authorization of a user (e.g., a financing requester).

In some embodiments, the payment instrument may automatically upload the collected first once-run water of the financing requester and/or the digital signature thereof to the internet of things middlebox on a regular basis or in real time. In some embodiments, the periodicity may be a directly set time threshold. For example, the periodicity may be hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, or the like. In some embodiments, the periodic period may be a time threshold determined based on a preset amount, for example, a time threshold determined when the total amount of the business pipeline reaches 5, 10, or 100 ten thousand.

In some embodiments, the data credentialing transaction request can be initiated by a payment instrument. For example, after collecting the first running water of the financing requester, the payment machine with the SDK containing the private key built in may initiate a data credentialing transaction request to the blockchain asset management platform 110 in real time or periodically, so that the blockchain asset management platform 110 chains the first running water and/or its digital signature with credentialing. The first once run water is signed by the private key to obtain a digital signature, and authenticity of the first once run water uploaded by a payment machine can be ensured.

In some embodiments, the data credentialing transaction request may be initiated by a central station of the internet of things. For example, after the internet of things middlebox 140 receives the first operation flow and the digital signature thereof uploaded by the payment implement 130, the digital signature thereof may be verified based on the first operation flow and the public key of the corresponding payment implement, and if the verification is successful, a data certificate transaction request is initiated to the block chain resource management platform 110. In some embodiments, the internet of things middlebox 140 can verify based on the first managed flow uploaded by the payment instrument, a digital signature of the first managed flow, and an identification of the payment instrument. In some embodiments, the verification may include device verification and/or data verification, among others. Through verifying the first operation flow based on the financing requester and the digital signature thereof, the reliability of the source of the data uploaded by the payment machine and the authenticity of the operation flow of the financing requester can be ensured. For example, it is possible to determine whether the financing requester has another autonomously controllable payment instrument halfway through the exchange, whether the payment instrument corresponds to the financing requester, or the like, by the verification.

Step 220, responding to the data evidence transaction request, and performing data processing on the first operation flow of one or more financing requesters. In some embodiments, step 220 may be performed by data processing module 520.

In some embodiments, data processing may include, but is not limited to, one or more of data classification, statistics, analysis, and the like operations. For example, the blockchain data management platform 110 may store the first run-time data belonging to the same financing requester to the blockchain data of the account corresponding to the financing requester by classifying the first run-time data. As another example, the blockchain asset management platform 110 may obtain one or more stream rates for a financing requester by performing statistics and analysis on the first committed stream of the financing requester. In some embodiments, the data processing results of the first run may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a daily average water flow, a monthly average water flow, a single day top/bottom water flow, a monthly water flow, a daily water flow, a single run, and the like. For example only, the blockchain asset management platform 110 may obtain, through statistics and analysis, a daily average water flow amount, a monthly average water flow amount, a single-day highest/low water flow amount, a monthly water flow amount, a daily water flow amount, a single-stroke water flow amount, and the like of the financing requester based on the data deposit transaction request in response to the internet-of-things middlebox 140.

In some embodiments, the asset management platform may perform data processing on the financing requester first-pass business in the blockchain data in response to a data processing transaction request, e.g., a data processing transaction request initiated by a sponsor, or a middlebox of the internet of things, etc.

Step 230, store the first managed stream of the one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into blockchain data. In some embodiments, step 230 may be performed by the first data writing module 530.

In some embodiments, an asset management platform (e.g., blockchain asset management platform 110) may deposit a first underwriting line of one or more financing requesters and data processing results into blockchain data of corresponding accounts of the one or more financing requesters for acquisition by a investor. The asset management platform may authorize its query authority for the first committed flow of financing requestors deposited into blockchain data in response to a transaction request, such as a data acquisition transaction request initiated by an investor or re-financing investor. For example only, the investor 150 may initiate a data acquisition transaction request to the blockchain asset management platform 110 after receiving a financing request initiated by a financing requester, where the data acquisition transaction request may include information such as identity of the financing requester, type of data to be obtained, and the like; in response to the data acquisition transaction request, the blockchain asset management platform 110 may identify, based on the identity of the financing requester, an inquiry authority of the authorized investor 150 for the first covered water and/or data processing result of the financing requester, or send the first covered water and/or data processing result of the corresponding financing requester to the investor 150. For example only, a node of the blockchain network may obtain a data acquisition transaction request initiated by an authorized investor, execute the transaction request after the consensus is completed, obtain requested data (e.g., data processing results of the first once-through flow of the financing requester) from blockchain data, and return the requested data to the investor.

Through the first business flow water of the financing requester who gathers payment machines in real time upload to the block chain and carry out chain deposit evidence, can prevent that the first business flow of financing requester is falsifying by the in-process of being called or verifying to can guarantee the authenticity of data on the chain.

In some embodiments, the asset management platform may perform cross-validation of trust based on a first business flow of the financing requester and a second business flow uploaded by the investor in the blockchain data in response to a data validation transaction request initiated by the investor, and return validation results to the investor. For more details on the verification of the trustworthiness of the financing requester data, reference may be made to fig. 3 and its related description, which are not repeated herein.

In some embodiments, the asset management platform may deposit the funding voucher for the investor into blockchain data for acquisition by the re-financing investor in response to a loan asset crediting transaction request initiated by the investor. Further details regarding re-financing can be found in fig. 4 and its related description, which are not repeated herein.

It should be noted that the above description of the flow 200 is for illustration and description only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Various modifications and alterations to flow 200 will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of this description. However, such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the present description.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow diagram of a financing requester running a streamlined trust verification method according to some embodiments of the present description.

The process 300 may be implemented by an asset management platform. For example, the blockchain network (or consensus node) of the blockchain asset management platform 110 may perform trust verification on the data of the corresponding financing requester in response to a data verification transaction request of an investor. In some embodiments, the flow 300 may be performed by the verification module 540.

Step 310, obtaining a data verification transaction request initiated by the investor, wherein the data verification transaction request comprises a second operation flow of the financing requester.

A second operational flow of the financing requester is from a payment instrument manufacturer of the financing requester. Each payment instrument corresponds to a unique number reflecting the equipment information when in production. The payment tool manufacturer can inquire the operation flow finished by the payment tool based on the equipment number of the payment tool. In some embodiments, the acquisition of the second operational flow data of the financing requester by the payment instrument vendor requires authorization of the financing requester. In some embodiments, the investor may authorize the acquisition of the second operational flow data from the manufacturer of the payment instrument that it uses via the financing requester. For example, the investor may obtain information such as a device number and a verification password of the payment machine used by the investor from the financing requesting party, and log in an official website of the payment machine to obtain the second operation flow through inquiry. For another example, the investor may obtain the second operation flow of the financing requester directly from the manufacturer of the payment instrument based on the payment instrument device number or merchant information provided by the financing requester. In some embodiments, the investor may obtain second operations flow data from the financing requester.

In some embodiments, the investor may respond to a financing request initiated by a financing requester, obtain a second operational flow of the financing requester, and initiate a data verification transaction request after obtaining the second operational flow. For example, the financing requester may initiate a financing request to the investor 150 online or offline and enter into an agreement with the investor 150, and the investor 150 may obtain a second operation flow of the financing requester from the payment instrument manufacturer based on the entered agreement, and initiate a data verification transaction request to the blockchain resource management platform 110 after obtaining the second operation flow.

Step 320, obtaining the first transaction flow of the financing requester from the blockchain data.

In some embodiments, the data validation transaction request may further include financing requester information such as a financing requester identification, a time period corresponding to the second operation flow, and the like. In some embodiments, a consensus node of the blockchain network (or a node performing a data validation transaction request) may obtain a first managed stream of financing requesters from the blockchain data based on financing requester information in the transaction request. For example only, the consensus node may query the chain account of the financing requester based on the financing requester identifier provided by the investor 150, and obtain the first once-through flow of the corresponding time period from the blockchain data of the chain account.

And step 330, performing credibility cross validation based on the first operation flow and the second operation flow.

The credibility can reflect the true reliability degree of the data. In some embodiments, cross-validation of trustworthiness may be achieved by comparing the first operational flow obtained in step 320 with a second operational flow provided by the sponsor. For example, the consensus node may compare the first operation running water and the second operation running water data corresponding to the order based on the order number to implement the cross-validation of the credibility. In some embodiments, when the verification result is that the first operation flow in the blockchain data is consistent with the second operation flow provided by the investor, the second operation flow can be considered to be credible. In some embodiments, when the verification result is that the first operation flow in the blockchain data is inconsistent with the second operation flow provided by the investor, at least one of the two pieces of data can be considered to be tampered. Because the first operation flow in the block chain data is obtained from the payment machine in real time, is verified, and encrypts the data stored with the certificate, the authenticity and the integrity of the data can be ensured, and therefore when the two data are inconsistent, the second operation flow is generally considered to be tampered. Through two times of operation flow cross check, the reliability of the operation flow data can be further improved.

Step 340, storing the verification result into block chain data, and returning the verification result to the investor.

In some embodiments, the verification results may include one or more of data consistency/inconsistency, inconsistent content, and the like. In some embodiments, the asset management platform may store the data verification result of the financing requester in the blockchain data corresponding to the financing requester, and return the verification result to the investor. For example only, when the first operational flow and the second operational flow are inconsistent, the verification result returned to the sponsor may include the content of the second operational flow inconsistent with the first operational flow and the corresponding first operational flow.

In some scenarios, the investor may perform a credit assessment on the financing requester based on the verification results. For example, the investor 150 may determine whether to fund the financing requester based on the verification results, and/or calculate parameters such as credit line, interest rate, and term provided to the financing requester through a policy model.

In some embodiments, the asset management platform may verify the trustworthiness of the operations pipeline itself. For example only, the asset management platform may determine a relationship between the client and the financing requester, such as relatives, friends, and the like, based on the personal information of the client and the personal information of the financing requester in the operation flow (e.g., the first operation flow and the second operation flow) to determine whether the operation flow of the financing requester is the data for billing, and if the operation flow is the data for billing, the data for operation flow is not trusted.

In some embodiments, after the investor sends the financing fund to the financing requester, a loan asset evidence storage transaction request may be sent to the asset management platform so as to be obtained by the financing investor, and more related contents may be referred to fig. 4 and the related description thereof, which are not described herein again.

It should be noted that the above description of the flow 300 is for illustration and description only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Various modifications and changes to flow 300 will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of this description. However, such modifications and variations are still within the scope of the present specification.

Fig. 4 is an exemplary flow diagram of an investor investment data processing method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 4, the investor can perform uplink crediting on the financing request certificate so as to be obtained by the financing investor. In some embodiments, the flow 400 may be implemented by a blockchain network (or consensus node) in an asset management platform (e.g., blockchain asset management platform 110).

Step 410, obtaining a loan asset evidence transaction request initiated by an investor, wherein the loan asset evidence transaction request comprises a loan evidence funded by the investor financing requester. In some embodiments, step 410 may be performed by the second data writing module 550.

The financing voucher is used for proving financing of the financing requester by the investment supplier, and can reflect the related information such as assets financed by the financing requester by the investment supplier. In some embodiments, the funding credentials may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a funding contract, number of funding, amount funded, funding order, funding rate, funding period, and the like. In some scenarios, the investor may seek the investment of the re-financing investor as a re-financing requester, and the financing voucher may be used to prove to the re-financing investor that the investor has re-financing capabilities. The funding voucher is stored into the blockchain data, so that the authenticity of the funding voucher can be ensured, and the funding investor can call and/or verify the funding voucher conveniently.

In some embodiments, the lended asset credentialing transaction request may include a funding voucher and a digital signature thereof. For example only, to ensure the truthfulness and credibility of the data uploaded by the investor 150, the blockchain asset platform 110 may implant an SDK with a built-in private key in the device used by the investor 150 for collecting the funding data, and the SDK may sign the funding voucher of the investor with a digital signature through the private key.

Step 420, in response to the loan asset crediting transaction request, crediting the loan credential into blockchain data. In some embodiments, step 420 may be performed by the second data writing module 550.

In some embodiments, the consensus node may verify the funding voucher in response to a loan asset crediting transaction request of the investor, and store the funding voucher into the blockchain data after the verification is passed, so as to prevent the investor from uploading tampered data, such as uploading false funding information. For example, the common node of the blockchain data management platform 110 may be verified based on the funding certificate and the digital signature thereof, and if the common node of the blockchain data management platform 110 is successfully verified, the funding certificate is considered to be from a trusted device and the data is not tampered, so each node may write the funding certificate into the blockchain data synchronously.

Step 430, acquiring a re-financing voucher inquiry transaction request initiated by a re-financing investor; the re-financing voucher query transaction request includes a re-financing requestor identification. In some embodiments, step 430 may be performed by query module 560.

The re-financing investor can initiate a re-financing voucher inquiry transaction request to the asset management platform according to the re-financing request of the investor (re-financing requester). In some embodiments, the re-financing credential query transaction request includes a re-financing requester identification. The re-financing requester identity may reflect the identity of the re-financing requester. For example only, when the investor 150 who issues a loan to the financing requester needs financing, the re-financing requester may initiate a re-financing request to the re-financing investor 160, and the re-financing requester identifier may be information such as the name or number of the investor.

Step 440, responding to the re-financing voucher query transaction request, acquiring the financing voucher identified by the re-financing requester and the related operation flow from the blockchain data based on the re-financing requester identification, and returning the financing voucher and the related operation flow to the re-financing investor. In some embodiments, step 440 may be performed by query module 560.

In some embodiments, the consensus node may obtain the financing evidence of the re-financing requester identity and the related operation flow from the blockchain data based on the re-financing requester identity. In some embodiments, the associated operational flow may include an operational flow of financing requestors and/or an operational flow of re-financing requestors. For example, if the re-financing requester is the investor 150, the relevant business flow may include the business flow of the investor 150 and the first business flow of the financing requester, which is the funding object of the investor 150.

In some scenarios, the asset management platform may directly return the reimbursement requestor's funding credentials and associated operational streamlines to the reimbursement sponsor. In some embodiments, the asset management platform may authorize the re-financing investor to query the blockchain data for the re-financing requester's financing credentials and the associated operational flow privileges. For example, the re-financing investor 160 can query the block chain asset management platform 110 for the financing voucher and related operation flow of the re-financing requester (such as the investor 150) by means of account login and the like based on the authorization authority of the block chain asset management platform 110.

FIG. 5 is an exemplary block diagram of an asset management platform, shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present description.

In some embodiments, the asset management platform 500 may include an acquisition module 510, a data processing module 520, a first data write module 530, a verification module 540, a second data write module 550, and a query module 560.

The obtaining module 510 may be configured to obtain a data credentialing transaction request. In some embodiments, the data credentialing transaction request can include a first transaction line of one or more financing requesters from a payment instrument of the financing requesters.

The data processing module 520 may be used to perform data processing. In some embodiments, the data processing module 520 may be configured to perform data processing on a first managed stream of one or more financing requestors in response to a data credentialing transaction request.

The first data writing module 530 may be configured to uplink data. In some embodiments, the first data writing module 530 may be configured to store the first managed stream of one or more financing requesters and the data processing results into blockchain data for the investor to obtain.

The verification module 540 may be used for data verification. In some embodiments, the validation module 540 may obtain a data validation transaction request initiated by the sponsor, the data validation transaction request comprising a second operational flow of the financing requester; acquiring a first management flow of the financing requester from block chain data; performing credibility cross validation based on the first operation flow and the second operation flow; and storing the verification result into block chain data, and returning the verification result to the investor.

The second data writing module 550 may be configured to store the funding certificate in the block chain data. In some embodiments, the second data writing module 550 may obtain a lending asset credentialing transaction request initiated by the sponsor; the loan asset crediting transaction request comprises a loan voucher funded by the investment direction financing requester; and responding to the re-financing voucher query transaction request, acquiring the financing voucher identified by the re-financing requester and related operation flow from the blockchain data based on the re-financing requester identification, and returning the financing voucher and the related operation flow to the re-financing investor.

Query module 560 may be used to obtain the financing credentials identified by the re-financing requester and the associated operational flow. In some embodiments, query module 560 may be configured to obtain a re-financing credential query transaction request initiated by a re-financing sponsor; the re-financing voucher inquiry transaction request comprises an identification of a re-financing requester; and responding to the re-financing voucher query transaction request, acquiring the financing voucher of the re-financing requester identifier and related operation flow from blockchain data based on the re-financing requester identifier, and returning the financing voucher and the related operation flow to the re-financing investor.

It should be understood that the system and its modules shown in FIG. 5 may be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, in some embodiments, the system and its modules may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. Wherein the hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory for execution by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the methods and systems described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, for example such code provided on a carrier medium such as a diskette, CD-or DVD-ROM, programmable memory such as read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The system and its modules in this specification may be implemented not only by hardware circuits such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., but also by software executed by various types of processors, for example, or by a combination of hardware circuits and software (e.g., firmware).

It should be noted that the above description of the asset management platform 500 and its modules is merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limiting the present description to the illustrated embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, given the teachings of the present system, any combination of modules or sub-system configurations may be used to connect to other modules without departing from such teachings. For example, in some embodiments, the obtaining module 510, the data processing module 520, the first data writing module 530, the verifying module 540, the second data writing module 550 and the querying module 560 disclosed in fig. 5 may be different modules in a system, or may be a module that implements the functions of two or more of the above modules. For example, the acquiring module 510 and the data processing module 520 may be two modules, or one module may have both acquiring and data processing functions. The modules in the asset management platform 500 may share a storage module, and each module may have its own storage module. Such variations are within the scope of the present description.

The beneficial effects that may be brought by the embodiments of the present description include, but are not limited to: (1) the operation flow of the financing requester collected by the payment machine is stored in the block chain data, so that the authenticity and the integrity of the operation flow can be improved; (2) the operation flow data uploaded by the payment machine tool is verified through the Internet of things middle desk, so that the authenticity of the operation flow data can be improved; (3) through carrying out credibility cross validation on two operation flows (such as a first operation flow and a second operation flow) of the financing requester, the credibility of the operation flows of the financing requester can be improved; (4) the financing certificate of the investor is stored into the block chain data, so that asset penetrating query can be realized for re-financing, and real and reliable data is provided for wind control of the re-financing investor. It is to be noted that different embodiments may produce different advantages, and in different embodiments, the advantages that may be produced may be any one or combination of the above, or any other advantages that may be obtained.

Having thus described the basic concept, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed disclosure is to be regarded as illustrative only and not as limiting the present specification. Various modifications, improvements and adaptations to the present description may occur to those skilled in the art, though not explicitly described herein. Such modifications, improvements and adaptations are proposed in the present specification and thus fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present specification.

Also, the description uses specific words to describe embodiments of the description. Reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means a feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with at least one embodiment of the specification. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, some features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the specification may be combined as appropriate.

Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that aspects of the present description may be illustrated and described in terms of several patentable species or situations, including any new and useful combination of processes, machines, manufacture, or materials, or any new and useful improvement thereof. Accordingly, aspects of this description may be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. The above hardware or software may be referred to as "data block," module, "" engine, "" unit, "" component, "or" system. Furthermore, aspects of the present description may be represented as a computer product, including computer readable program code, embodied in one or more computer readable media.

The computer storage medium may comprise a propagated data signal with the computer program code embodied therewith, for example, on baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including electromagnetic, optical, etc., or any suitable combination. A computer storage medium may be any computer-readable medium that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code on a computer storage medium may be propagated over any suitable medium, including radio, cable, fiber optic cable, RF, or the like, or any combination of the preceding.

Computer program code required for the operation of various portions of this specification may be written in any one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C + +, C #, VB.NET, Python, and the like, a conventional programming language such as C, VisualBasic, Fortran2003, Perl, COBOL2002, PHP, ABAP, a dynamic programming language such as Python, Ruby, and Groovy, or other programming languages, and the like. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or processing device. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any network format, such as a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet), or in a cloud computing environment, or as a service, such as a software as a service (SaaS).

Additionally, the order in which elements and sequences are described in this specification, the use of numerical letters, or other designations are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods described in this specification, unless explicitly stated in the claims. While certain presently contemplated useful embodiments of the invention have been discussed in the foregoing disclosure by way of various examples, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent arrangements that are within the spirit and scope of the embodiments herein described. For example, although the system components described above may be implemented by hardware devices, they may also be implemented by software-only solutions, such as installing the described system on an existing processing device or mobile device.

Similarly, it should be noted that in the preceding description of embodiments of the present specification, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure aiding in the understanding of one or more of the embodiments. This method of disclosure, however, is not intended to imply that more features are required than are expressly recited in the claims. Indeed, the embodiments may be characterized as having less than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

Numerals describing the number of components, attributes, etc. are used in some embodiments, it being understood that such numerals used in the description of the embodiments are modified in some instances by the use of the modifier "about", "approximately" or "substantially". Unless otherwise indicated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicates that the number allows a variation of ± 20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties of the individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameter should take into account the specified significant digits and employ a general digit preserving approach. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the range are approximations, in the specific examples, such numerical values are set forth as precisely as possible within the scope of the application.

For each patent, patent application publication, and other material, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, etc., cited in this specification, the entire contents of each are hereby incorporated by reference into the specification. Except where the application history document is inconsistent or contrary to the present specification, and except where the application history document is inconsistent or contrary to the present specification, the application history document is not inconsistent or contrary to the present specification, but is to be read in the broadest scope of the present claims (either currently or hereafter added to the present specification). It is to be understood that the descriptions, definitions and/or uses of terms in the accompanying materials of this specification shall control if they are inconsistent or contrary to the descriptions and/or uses of terms in this specification.

Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments described herein. Other variations are also possible within the scope of this description. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of the specification can be considered consistent with the teachings of the specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present description are not limited to only those embodiments explicitly described and depicted herein.

Claims

1. A processing method for financing requester running water comprises the following steps:

obtaining a data credentialing transaction request, wherein the data credentialing transaction request comprises a first running water of one or more financing requesters, and the first running water is from a payment machine of the financing requesters;

in response to the data crediting transaction request, data processing a first managed stream of the one or more financing requesters;

storing the first operation flow of one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into block chain data so as to be conveniently acquired by a investor;

acquiring a data verification transaction request initiated by the investor, wherein the data verification transaction request comprises a second operation flow of the financing requester sent by the investor;

acquiring the first running water from the block chain data;

performing credibility cross validation based on the first operation flow and the second operation flow;

and storing the verification result into the block chain data, and returning the verification result to the investor.

2. The method of claim 1, the first running water comprising: at least one of a payment flow, an order number, a payment implement identifier, and commodity information;

the payment pipeline includes at least one of financing requester information, customer information, payment amount, and payment channel.

3. The method of claim 1, the payment instrument comprising a software development kit with a private key built in, the software development kit to collect the first run and to sign the first run with the private key to obtain a digital signature.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the data credentialing transaction request is from an internet of things middlebox;

the Internet of things central station is used for receiving a first operation flow and a digital signature thereof which are automatically uploaded by a payment machine of a financing requester at regular intervals, verifying the digital signature based on the first operation flow and a public key of the corresponding payment machine, and initiating the data deposit transaction request if the verification is successful.

5. The method of claim 1, the data processing results comprising one or more of: daily average water flow, monthly average water flow, single day top/low water flow, monthly water flow, daily water flow, and single stroke water flow.

6. The method of claim 1, the second business pipeline being from a manufacturer of a payment instrument of the financing requester.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

acquiring a loan asset evidence storage transaction request initiated by a sponsor; the loan asset crediting transaction request comprises a loan voucher funded by the investment direction financing requester;

and responding to the loan asset crediting transaction request, and storing the loan documents into blockchain data so as to be conveniently acquired by a financing investor.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

acquiring a re-financing voucher inquiry transaction request initiated by a re-financing investor; the re-financing voucher inquiry transaction request comprises an identification of a re-financing requester;

and responding to the re-financing voucher query transaction request, acquiring the financing voucher of the re-financing requester identifier and related operation flow from blockchain data based on the re-financing requester identifier, and returning the financing voucher and the related operation flow to the re-financing investor.

9. A processing method for financing requester running water comprises the following steps:

in response to the data crediting transaction request, performing data processing on a first marketing pipeline of the one or more financing requesters;

acquiring a loan asset evidence transaction request initiated by the investor, wherein the loan asset evidence transaction request comprises a loan evidence paid by the investment direction financing requester;

in response to the loan asset crediting transaction request, storing the loan documents into the blockchain data so as to be conveniently acquired by a financing investor;

acquiring a re-financing voucher query transaction request initiated by the re-financing investor, wherein the re-financing voucher query transaction request comprises an identification of a re-financing requester;

and responding to the re-financing voucher query transaction request, acquiring the financing voucher of the re-financing requester identifier and related operation flow from the block chain data based on the re-financing requester identifier, and returning the financing voucher and the related operation flow to the re-financing investor.

10. A system for processing financing requester operations pipelining, comprising:

the payment machines of one or more financing requesters are used for collecting a first operation flow, signing the first operation flow by using a private key to obtain a digital signature, and periodically and automatically uploading the first operation flow and the digital signature thereof to an Internet of things central station;

the Internet of things middesk is used for verifying the digital signature based on the first operation flow and a public key of a corresponding payment machine of the first operation flow, and if the verification is successful, a data certificate-storing transaction request is initiated, wherein the data certificate-storing transaction request comprises the first operation flow of one or more financing requesters;

and the block chain network is used for acquiring a data evidence transaction request, responding to the data evidence transaction request to perform data processing on the first operation flow of one or more financing requesters, and storing the first operation flow of the one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into block chain data so as to be convenient for the investor to acquire.

11. A processing system for financing requester operation pipelining is applied to a block chain asset management platform, and comprises:

the system comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a data evidence-storing transaction request, the data evidence-storing transaction request comprises a first operation flow of one or more financing requesters, and the first operation flow is from a payment machine of the financing requesters;

the data processing module is used for responding to the data evidence transaction request and performing data processing on the first operation flow of the one or more financing requesters;

the first data writing module is used for storing the first operation flow of the one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into block chain data so as to be convenient for the investor to obtain;

a verification module to:

acquiring a data verification transaction request initiated by the investor, wherein the data verification transaction request comprises a second operation flow of a financing requester sent by the investor;

obtaining the first run-time pipeline from the blockchain data;

12. The system of claim 11, the first running water comprising: at least one of a payment flow, an order number, a payment implement identifier, and commodity information;

13. The system of claim 11, the payment instrument comprising a software development kit having a private key built therein, the software development kit configured to collect the first run and to sign the first run with the private key to obtain a digital signature.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the data credentialing transaction request is from an internet of things middlebox;

15. The system of claim 11, the data processing results comprising one or more of: daily average water flow, monthly average water flow, single-day top/bottom water flow, monthly water flow, daily water flow, and single-stroke water flow.

16. The system of claim 11, the second operations pipeline being from a manufacturer of a payment instrument of the financing requester.

17. The system of claim 11, further comprising a second data writing module to:

in response to the loan asset crediting transaction request, crediting the loan documents into a blockchain number

Accordingly, the financing investor can conveniently obtain the data.

18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a query module to:

acquiring a re-financing voucher inquiry transaction request initiated by a re-financing investor; the re-financing voucher query transaction request comprises a re-financing requester identifier;

19. A processing system for financing requester operation pipelining is applied to a block chain asset management platform, and comprises:

the system comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a data deposit transaction request, the data deposit transaction request comprises a first operation flow of one or more financing requesters, and the first operation flow comes from a payment machine of the financing requesters;

the data processing module is used for responding to the data evidence transaction request and carrying out data processing on the first running water of the one or more financing requesters;

the first data writing module is used for storing the first marketing flow of the one or more financing requesters and the data processing result into block chain data so as to be convenient for the investor to obtain;

a second data write module to:

acquiring a loan asset evidence transaction request initiated by the investor, wherein the loan asset evidence transaction request comprises a loan voucher funded by the financing requester of the investment direction;

in response to the loan asset crediting transaction request, storing the loan documents into the blockchain data so as to be obtained by a financing investor;

a query module to:

20. A processing apparatus for financing requester operations pipelining comprising at least one processor for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

21. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when read by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.