CN112182768B - Tortoise-shell-like assembly cabin door structure based on topology optimization - Google Patents
Tortoise-shell-like assembly cabin door structure based on topology optimization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a topological optimization-based tortoise shell-like assembled cabin door structure, which comprises the following steps: the left half cabin door and the right half cabin door are of the same structure and are symmetrically distributed, and are connected through a connecting piece, and the left half cabin door is characterized in that the left half cabin door is of a semicircular cake-shaped structure, one side of the left half cabin door is a straight side, the other side of the left half cabin door is a semicircular side, and a splicing girder is arranged on the surface of the left half cabin door, close to the straight side; the surface of the left half cabin door is provided with cabin door ribs; the cabin door rib includes: the invention mainly divides the cabin door into a left part and a right part, and a tortoise shell type door rib is arranged on the surface of the cabin door, thereby ensuring the strength and improving the portability of the cabin door.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace, in particular to a topological optimization-based tortoise shell-like spliced cabin door structure.
Background
The cabin door is an important component part of the manned spacecraft, is an important component for realizing the sealing function of the sealed cabin, and is a passage for a spacecraft to enter and exit the sealed cabin, so that the research and design of the manned spacecraft cabin door have important significance for the cabin safety guarantee of the spacecraft, the space capsule exit activity and the intersection butt joint of the manned spacecraft.
The part of manned spacecraft is required to carry a backup cabin door due to the requirement of maintenance working conditions, and is installed on the orbit in a harsh space environment, most of the existing sealed cabin doors are integrally designed, and the large-size integrated traditional cabin doors have the problems of difficult carrying, incapability of passing through the cabin door of the spacecraft and the like.
Therefore, on the premise of meeting the requirements of tightness, strength and portability, a tortoiseshell-like assembled cabin door structure based on topological optimization is required to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem that the traditional cabin door is difficult to carry, the tortoiseshell-like assembled cabin door structure based on topology optimization is provided. The invention mainly divides the cabin door into a left part and a right part, and the surface of the cabin door is provided with the tortoise shell-shaped door rib, thereby ensuring the strength and improving the portability of the cabin door.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
a topology optimization-based "tortoise shell-like" assembled cabin door structure, comprising: the left half cabin door and the right half cabin door are of the same structure and are symmetrically distributed, and are connected through a connecting piece, and the left half cabin door is characterized in that the left half cabin door is of a semicircular cake-shaped structure, one side of the left half cabin door is a straight side, the other side of the left half cabin door is a semicircular side, and a splicing girder is arranged on the surface of the left half cabin door, close to the straight side; the surface of the left half cabin door is provided with cabin door ribs; the cabin door rib includes: the large ring rib and the small ring rib are elliptical ring ribs taking a spliced girder as a starting point, the small ring ribs are connected to the inside of the large ring rib, the number of the central radial ribs is 2, the central radial ribs are distributed to two sides at a certain angle by taking two sides of the center of a cabin door as the starting point, and the height gradual change longitudinal ribs are distributed outside the large ring rib; the height-gradual-change longitudinal rib comprises: the height-gradient longitudinal ribs I, the height-gradient longitudinal ribs II and the height-gradient longitudinal ribs III are arranged in the middle of two center radial ribs, and the height-gradient longitudinal ribs III are symmetrical with the height-gradient longitudinal ribs I.
Further, the center radial rib and the spliced girder form 70 degrees.
Further, the highest point of the arc top of the small ring rib passes through the long focus of the large ring rib.
Further, the arc side of the left half cabin door is provided with an outer edge boss, the splicing girder is higher than the outer edge boss, the large ring rib and the door rib on the inner side of the large ring rib are equal in height with the splicing girder, a slope is arranged at the position of the large ring rib, and the angle of the slope is 1-5 degrees.
Further, a group of chamfers are arranged between the spliced girder and the outer edge boss, the group of chamfers comprises a chamfer I, a chamfer II and a chamfer III, and the intersections between the large annular ribs, the small annular ribs, the central radial ribs and the height gradient longitudinal ribs are provided with chamfer angles.
A method for designing a topology-optimization-based tortoise-shell-like assembled cabin door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting structural parameters of an initial design and a designable area according to the design requirement of the spliced cabin door, wherein the initial design refers to selecting a cabin door structure without door ribs as a basis, and the designable area is an area except for the pressure bearing surface of the cabin door, the splicing part of the cabin door in the center axis and the outer ring surface of the cabin door;
(2) Carrying out finite element meshing and material analysis on the initial design to obtain a load condition and a boundary condition of the inside of the cabin door structure under the atmospheric pressure working condition, wherein the design variable is the relative density of each unit in the design domain, the constraint condition is that the material consumption body percentage is less than or equal to 0.1, and the minimized structure flexibility is taken as an optimization target;
(3) Introducing manufacturability constraint, namely drawing constraint, according to the requirements of the manufacturing process, performing topological optimization on the optimization target in the step (2) and the cabin door structure under the atmospheric pressure working condition to obtain an initial topological optimization configuration of the reinforcement structure;
(4) Omitting unnecessary structural tiny features in the initial topology optimization configuration, wherein the tiny features are rib plates without complete force transmission paths, selecting reasonable force transmission paths according to manufacturability requirements and strength displacement requirements and topology optimization results to obtain the topology optimization configuration;
(5) And checking the tightness, strength and screw counter force of the topological optimization configuration according to the design requirement of the spliced cabin door, and adjusting the reinforcement structure according to the checking result to obtain the spliced cabin door with good structural performance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the topological optimization-based tortoise shell-like assembled cabin door structure, the original structure is simplified through topological optimization, and the weight of the cabin door is reduced.
2. According to the topological optimization-based tortoise shell-like assembled cabin door structure, the strength of the cabin door is enhanced through the reinforcing ribs obtained through topological optimization.
3. According to the topological optimization-based tortoise shell-like assembled cabin door structure, the cabin door is split into the left part and the right part, so that portability of the cabin door is realized.
4. According to the topological optimization-based tortoise shell-like assembled cabin door structure, the cabin door is prevented from deforming under the influence of air pressure by the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs, and the tightness of the cabin door is improved.
In summary, the technical scheme of the invention aims at solving the problem that the existing large-size integrated cabin door is difficult to carry, and the traditional cabin door is detached and the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the cabin door surface. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention solves the problem of difficult carrying in the prior art and meets the requirement of deformation of the edge of the cabin door when the interior bears the atmospheric pressure.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of aerospace and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topological optimization-based "tortoiseshell-like" assembled cabin door structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of a rounded corner of a tortoiseshell-like assembled cabin door structure based on topological optimization.
In the figure: 1. splicing girders; 2. small ring ribs; 3, large ring ribs; 4. a center radial rib; 51. height-gradual-change longitudinal ribs III; 52. height gradual change longitudinal ribs II; 53. height-gradual-change longitudinal ribs I; 6. a connecting piece; 7. chamfering I; 8. chamfering II; 9. chamfering III.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a topological optimization-based "tortoiseshell-like" assembled cabin door structure, comprising: the left half cabin door and the right half cabin door which are identical in structure and symmetrically distributed are connected through a connecting piece 6, the left half cabin door is of a semicircular cake-shaped structure, one side of the left half cabin door is a straight side, the other side of the left half cabin door is a semicircular side in the horizontal direction, and a splicing girder 1 is arranged on the surface of the left half cabin door, close to the straight side; the surface of the left half cabin door is provided with cabin door ribs; the cabin door rib includes: the large ring rib 2, the small ring rib 3, the central radial rib 4 and the height gradual change longitudinal ribs, wherein the large ring rib 2 and the small ring rib 3 are elliptical ring ribs taking a spliced girder 1 as a starting point, the small ring rib 3 is connected to the inside of the large ring rib 2, the highest point of the arc top of the small ring rib 3 passes through the long focus of the large ring rib 2, the number of the central radial ribs 4 is 2, the central radial ribs 4 are distributed to two sides at a certain angle by taking two sides of the center of a cabin door as the starting point, 70 degrees are formed between the central radial ribs 4 and the spliced girder 1, and the height gradual change longitudinal ribs are distributed on the outer side of the large ring rib 2; the height-gradual-change longitudinal rib comprises: the steel structure comprises a height gradual change longitudinal rib I53, a height gradual change longitudinal rib II 52 and a height gradual change longitudinal rib III 51, wherein the height gradual change longitudinal rib I53 is far away from the center radial rib 4 and the intersection point of a spliced girder 1, the height gradual change longitudinal rib II 52 is arranged between the center radial ribs 4, the height gradual change longitudinal rib III 51 and the height gradual change longitudinal rib I53 are symmetrical, an outer edge boss is arranged on the arc side of a left half cabin door, the spliced girder 1 is higher than the outer edge boss, a large ring rib 2 and a door rib on the inner side of the large ring rib 2 are equal to the spliced girder 1, a slope is arranged at the position of the large ring rib 2, the slope angle is 1-5 degrees, a group of chamfer angles are arranged between the spliced girder 1 and the outer edge boss, the group of chamfer angles comprise chamfer angles I7, II 8 and III chamfer angles 9, and the large ring rib 2 and the position of the center gradual change radial rib 3 and the height gradual change rib 4 are all arranged at the intersection position of the chamfer angles.
The invention also discloses a design method of the tortoiseshell-like assembled cabin door structure based on topology optimization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting structural parameters of an initial design and a designable area according to the design requirement of the spliced cabin door, wherein the initial design refers to selecting a cabin door structure without door ribs as a basis, and the designable area is an area except for the pressure bearing surface of the cabin door, the splicing part of the cabin door in the center axis and the outer ring surface of the cabin door;
(2) Carrying out finite element meshing and material analysis on the initial design to obtain a load condition and a boundary condition of the inside of the cabin door structure under the atmospheric pressure working condition, wherein the design variable is the relative density of each unit in the design domain, the constraint condition is that the material consumption body percentage is less than or equal to 0.1, and the minimized structure flexibility is taken as an optimization target;
(3) Introducing manufacturability constraint, namely drawing constraint, according to the requirements of the manufacturing process, performing topological optimization on the optimization target in the step (2) and the cabin door structure under the atmospheric pressure working condition to obtain an initial topological optimization configuration of the reinforcement structure;
(4) Omitting unnecessary structural tiny features in the initial topology optimization configuration, wherein the tiny features are rib plates without complete force transmission paths, selecting reasonable force transmission paths according to manufacturability requirements and strength displacement requirements and topology optimization results to obtain the topology optimization configuration;
(5) And checking the tightness, strength and screw counter force of the topological optimization configuration according to the design requirement of the spliced cabin door, and adjusting the reinforcement structure according to the checking result to obtain the spliced cabin door with good structural performance.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention provides a topological optimization-based tortoiseshell-like assembled cabin door structure, which comprises a left half cabin door and a right half cabin door which are identical in structure and symmetrically distributed, wherein the left half cabin door is of a semicircular cake-shaped structure, a spliced girder 1 is arranged on the surface of the left half cabin door, cabin door ribs are arranged on the surface of the left half cabin door, the cabin door ribs comprise a large annular rib 2, a small annular rib 3, a central radial rib 4 and height gradient longitudinal ribs, the large annular rib 2 is an elliptical annular rib taking the center of the left half cabin door as a midpoint and the spliced girder 1 as a starting point, the focal length of the large annular rib 2 is 150mm, the small annular rib 3 is connected to the inside of the large annular rib 2, the highest arc top point of the small annular rib 3 passes through the long focal point of the large annular rib 2, the distance between the two short focal lengths of the small annular rib 3 is 262.5mm, the central radial rib 4 is 2, the central radial rib 4 is a large annular rib, the central radial rib 4 is a gradient longitudinal rib is arranged on two sides of the center radial rib 18.75mm, the two longitudinal ribs are gradually-changed from the two sides of the center radial rib are gradually-changed to the longitudinal rib 2, and the longitudinal ribs are distributed on the outer sides of the large annular rib at the height of the two sides of the longitudinal rib are gradually changed from the beginning to the height of the large annular rib 2: the steel wire splicing device comprises a height gradual change longitudinal rib I53, a height gradual change longitudinal rib II 52 and a height gradual change longitudinal rib III 51, wherein the height gradual change longitudinal rib I53 passes through the center of a cabin door, the center of a radial rib 4 and a small ring rib 2 are arranged at the end point of a connecting line intersecting the intersection point of the large ring rib 1, the height gradual change longitudinal rib II 52 is arranged between the two radial ribs 4, the height gradual change longitudinal rib III 51 is symmetrical with the height gradual change longitudinal rib I53, the large ring rib 2 and the door rib on the inner side of the large ring rib 2 are equal in height with a splicing girder 1, the height of the door rib on the outer side of the large ring rib 2 is 57mm, a slope is arranged at the position of the large ring rib 2, the angle of the slope is 4 DEG, a set of chamfer angles are arranged between the splicing girder 1 and an outer edge boss, the set of chamfer angles comprise chamfer angles I7, II 8 and III 9, the large ring rib 2, the center radial rib 4 and the chamfer angles are equal in width and 6mm, the width of the joint girder is equal to the width of the small ring rib is equal to 6mm, and the joint width of the door is equal to 6 mm.
The invention also provides a design method of the tortoiseshell-like assembled cabin door structure based on topology optimization, which comprises the following steps: according to the design requirements of the spliced cabin door, the structural parameters and the designable area of the spliced cabin door which are initially designed are given, the design requirements such as structural sealing are considered, the areas corresponding to the cabin door bearing surface, the center axial cabin door splicing part and the outer annular surface of the cabin door are the non-designable areas, the balance is the designable areas, the spliced cabin door which is initially designed is subjected to finite element grid division and material parameter definition, the load condition and the boundary condition of the cabin door structure in the atmospheric pressure working condition are determined, the optimization target of the structure is set to minimize the structural flexibility and the structural rigidity, the design variable is the relative density of each unit in the design domain, the constraint condition is that the material volume ratio is less than or equal to 0.1, the feasibility of the manufacturing process is considered, the manufacturing constraint, namely the draft constraint is introduced, the cabin door is subjected to topological optimization design under the atmospheric pressure working condition based on the OPtisabout the optimization platform in the Hypermesh, the initial topological optimization configuration of the reinforcement structure is given, the unnecessary structure tiny characteristics are omitted, and the topological optimization configuration is obtained, and the optimal design scheme is determined from the technological requirements and the strength displacement requirements; in order to meet the process requirements, scattered radiation ribs which are not connected with the central annular rib in the optimal design scheme are removed, and necessary local characteristics are reserved, namely chamfer angles at two ends of the middle splicing beam and the door frame are reserved; according to the topological optimization result, a reasonable force transmission path is selected, data of an optimal design configuration are extracted according to design requirements, tightness, strength and screw counter force are checked, and a topological optimization-based tortoiseshell-like assembled cabin door structure is obtained.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A topology optimization-based "tortoise shell-like" assembled cabin door structure, comprising: the left half cabin door and the right half cabin door are of the same structure and are symmetrically distributed, and are connected through a connecting piece, and the left half cabin door is characterized in that the left half cabin door is of a semicircular cake-shaped structure, one side of the left half cabin door is a straight side, the other side of the left half cabin door is a semicircular side, and a splicing girder is arranged on the surface of the left half cabin door, close to the straight side; the surface of the left half cabin door is provided with cabin door ribs; the cabin door rib includes: the large ring rib and the small ring rib are elliptical ring ribs taking a spliced girder as a starting point, the small ring ribs are connected to the inside of the large ring rib, the number of the central radial ribs is 2, the central radial ribs are distributed to two sides at a certain angle by taking two sides of the center of a cabin door as the starting point, and the height gradual change longitudinal ribs are distributed outside the large ring rib; the height-gradual-change longitudinal rib comprises: the height-gradient longitudinal ribs I, the height-gradient longitudinal ribs II and the height-gradient longitudinal ribs III are arranged in the middle of two center radial ribs, and the height-gradient longitudinal ribs III are symmetrical with the height-gradient longitudinal ribs I.
2. A topological optimization-based tortoise shell-like assembled cabin door structure according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the center radiating rib and the assembled girder is 70 degrees.
3. A topology optimization-based "tortoise shell-like" assembled cabin door structure according to claim 1, wherein the highest point of the arc top of the small ring rib passes through the long focal point of the large ring rib.
4. The topological optimization-based tortoise shell-like spliced cabin door structure according to claim 1, wherein an outer edge boss is arranged on the arc side of the left half cabin door, the spliced girder is higher than the outer edge boss, the large ring rib and the door rib on the inner side of the large ring rib are equal in height to the spliced girder, a slope is arranged at the position of the large ring rib, and the angle of the slope is 1-5 degrees.
5. The topological optimization-based 'tortoiseshell-like' assembled cabin door structure according to claim 4, wherein a group of chamfers are arranged between the assembled girder and the outer edge boss, the group of chamfers comprises a chamfer I, a chamfer II and a chamfer III, and the intersections among the large ring rib, the small ring rib, the central radial rib and the height gradient longitudinal ribs are provided with chamfer angles.
6. A method for designing a topology-optimization-based tortoise-shell-like assembled cabin door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting structural parameters of an initial design and a designable area according to the design requirement of the spliced cabin door, wherein the initial design refers to selecting a cabin door structure without door ribs as a basis, and the designable area is an area except for the pressure bearing surface of the cabin door, the splicing part of the cabin door in the center axis and the outer ring surface of the cabin door;
(2) Carrying out finite element meshing and material analysis on the initial design to obtain a load condition and a boundary condition of the inside of the cabin door structure under the atmospheric pressure working condition, wherein the design variable is the relative density of each unit in the design domain, the constraint condition is that the material consumption body percentage is less than or equal to 0.1, and the minimized structure flexibility is taken as an optimization target;
(3) Introducing manufacturability constraint, namely drawing constraint, according to the requirements of the manufacturing process, performing topological optimization on the optimization target in the step (2) and the cabin door structure under the atmospheric pressure working condition to obtain an initial topological optimization configuration of the reinforcement structure;
(4) Omitting unnecessary structural tiny features in the initial topology optimization configuration, wherein the tiny features are rib plates without complete force transmission paths, selecting reasonable force transmission paths according to manufacturability requirements and strength displacement requirements and topology optimization results to obtain the topology optimization configuration;
and checking the tightness, strength and screw counter force of the topological optimization configuration according to the design requirement of the spliced cabin door, and adjusting the reinforcement structure according to the checking result to obtain the spliced cabin door with good structural performance.
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