CN112181836A - Test case generation method, system, device and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a test case generation method, a system, equipment and a storage medium, wherein an interface request triggered based on user behavior is obtained, and the interface request carries request data; receiving a response message based on the interface request feedback, and acquiring response data in the response message; correspondingly storing the response data and the request data into a request message database; acquiring request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database; and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function. The generating efficiency and the accuracy of the test case are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of computer testing, in particular to a method, a system, equipment and a storage medium for generating a test case.
Background
The front-end network station needs to perform data interaction with the back-end service through an application program interface, so that how to ensure that the defects of the back-end service are exposed as soon as possible and serious accidents are reduced is not enough, the conventional test is performed through an automatic test, and the automatic test is a process for converting a test behavior driven by people into a machine to be executed. A typical automated testing process is that after a test case is designed and passes review, a tester performs tests step by step according to the procedures described in the test case, resulting in a comparison of actual results with expected results. However, in the existing automatic test, after the test case is edited, the test case is edited and entered by a tester by manually referring to the interface document, and when a certain function corresponds to a plurality of interfaces, each interface needs to be tested by using the test case corresponding to the interface, and the test cases need to be compiled for testing when a plurality of interfaces are tested, so that the test efficiency and the accuracy are low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a system, a computer device, and a computer-readable storage medium for generating test cases, which are used to solve the problems of low efficiency and low accuracy in writing test cases.
The embodiment of the invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a test case generation method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an interface request triggered based on user behavior, wherein the interface request carries request data;
receiving a response message based on the interface request feedback, and acquiring response data in the response message;
correspondingly storing the response data and the request data into a request message database;
acquiring request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database;
and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function.
Further, the storing the response data and the request data into a request message database correspondingly comprises:
writing the request data and the response data into a message channel;
and filtering the request data and the response data in the message channel according to a preset filtering rule, and correspondingly storing the filtered request data and the filtered response data into the request message database.
Further, the obtaining request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database includes:
and acquiring request data and response data meeting the screening conditions from the request database according to the preset screening conditions.
Further, the acquiring request data and response data meeting the screening condition from the request database according to the preset screening condition includes:
determining the success rate of the interface request according to the request data and the response data;
and obtaining the request data and the response data with the success rate higher than a preset threshold value to obtain the request data and the response data meeting the screening condition.
Further, the acquiring request data and response data meeting the screening condition from the request database according to the preset screening condition includes:
and screening the request data and the response data of the fixed user when the target service function is completed in a fixed time period, wherein the request data and the response data meet the screening condition.
Further, the generating a corresponding test case of the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function includes:
and recording the request data and the response data according to the execution sequence of the interface request and the response message, and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function.
Further, the method further comprises:
receiving a test case acquisition request, wherein the acquisition request carries a test case identifier;
and acquiring the test case corresponding to the test case identifier based on the test case identifier.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a test case generation system, including:
the interface request receiving module is used for acquiring an interface request triggered based on user behavior, and the interface request carries request data;
a response data obtaining module, configured to receive a response message based on the interface request feedback, and obtain response data in the response message;
the data storage module is used for correspondingly storing the response data and the request data into a request message database;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database;
and the test case generation module is used for generating a test case corresponding to the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, where the computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the test case generation method as described above when executing the computer program.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, where the computer program is executable by at least one processor, so as to cause the at least one processor to execute the steps of the test case generation method described above.
According to the test case generation method, the test case generation system, the computer device and the computer readable storage medium, the plurality of test cases are generated according to the user request data and the response data, and the generation efficiency and the accuracy of the test cases are improved.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a test case generation method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for storing the response data and the request data in a request message database in a corresponding manner according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for obtaining request data and response data satisfying a screening condition from the request message database according to a preset screening condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for obtaining test cases according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a program module of a test case generation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of a computer device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-4, flowcharts illustrating steps of a method for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the invention are shown. It is to be understood that the flow charts in the embodiments of the present method are not intended to limit the order in which the steps are performed. The following description is given by taking a computer device as an execution subject, specifically as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for generating test cases may include steps S100 to S500, where:
step S100: acquiring an interface request triggered based on user behavior, wherein the interface request carries request data.
Specifically, the request data refers to data generated based on a user request, for example, the user login request data is generated based on a user login request, the user enters a next page to generate user request data for entering the next page, the user commodity viewing request data is generated based on a commodity viewing request, the user selects a harvest address to generate user selection receiving address request data, and the request data may be hypertext transfer protocol HTTP request data and is composed of a request line, a request header (header) and a request body, where the request header (header) is a word string sent by a server before the server transmits HTML data to a browser in an HTTP protocol, a line of separation is required between the request header and an HTML file, and information such as cookies and tokens generally exists. The request line includes a request method, a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), and an http version. In addition, the request data further comprises request parameters, and the request parameters are composed of input parameters and output parameters, wherein the input parameters refer to input parameters of the interface, and the output parameters refer to output parameters of the interface.
Step S200: and receiving a response message based on the interface request feedback, and acquiring response data in the response message.
Specifically, after receiving the request data, the server generates a response message corresponding to the request data, where the response message includes response data, and the response data may also be hypertext transfer protocol HTTP request data, and is composed of a response line, a response header (header), and a response body. Taking the interface request as an example of an interface request for a user to check commodities, the client sends a commodity checking request to the server, and after receiving the commodity checking request, the server responds to the commodity checking request data of the user and sends the relevant data of commodities to be checked by the user to the client.
Step S300: and correspondingly storing the response data and the request data into a request message database.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, step S300 may further include:
step S301: writing the request data and the response data into a message channel;
step S302: and filtering the request data and the response data in the message channel according to a preset filtering rule, and correspondingly storing the filtered request data and the filtered response data into the request message database.
Specifically, the message channel refers to a real-time data processing system that acquires request data and response data in real time and temporarily stores the request data and the response data. The message channel may be Kafka, wherein Kafka acts as a message channel, serving to buffer request data and response data, and serving to peak and valley load.
After the request data and the response data are temporarily stored in the message channel, since the request data and the response data may include junk request data, such as request data and response data generated when a request is wrong and a request is overtime, and these data cannot generate a test case, the request data and the response data need to be filtered and then stored in the request message database. In an exemplary embodiment, the request data and the response data generated due to the garbage request are filtered by setting the request data and the response data in the Consumer service consumption message channel, and the request data and the response data generated due to the normal request (including logic failure) are written into the request message database to generate the test case.
Step S400: and acquiring request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database.
In an exemplary embodiment, step S400 may further include:
step S401: and acquiring request data and response data meeting the screening conditions from the request message database according to the preset screening conditions.
Specifically, although the request data and the response data generated by the spam request are filtered in the process of storing the data in the request message database, a part of dirty data still exists, and the dirty data refers to that the data in the source system is not in a given range or has no meaning for actual service, or the data format is illegal, and irregular coding and ambiguous service logic exist in the source system. The dirty data cannot generate a test case, and therefore, the request data and the response data in the request message database need to be screened to obtain the request data and the response data capable of generating the test case.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, step S401 may further include;
step S4011: and determining the success rate of the interface request according to the request data and the response data.
Step S4012: and obtaining the request data and the response data with the success rate higher than a preset threshold value to obtain the request data and the response data meeting the screening condition.
Specifically, the success rate of the interface request refers to a percentage of the number of the interface requests that are logically successful when the target function is completed, for example, the preset threshold is 90% of the success rate, for the same target function, all the interface requests of the user a are logically successful 10 times, while the interface requests of the user B are logically successful 8 times among the 10 interface requests, and at this time, the request data and the response data of the user a are selected as the test case data for generating the target function.
In another exemplary embodiment, step S401 may further include;
and screening the request data and the response data of the fixed user when the target service function is completed in a fixed time period, wherein the request data and the response data meet the screening condition.
In an exemplary embodiment, a fixed user account is determined, a fixed time period is determined, and the step of screening the user request data is to obtain a fixed account through screening, determine all user requests sent by the fixed user account when a certain function is completed within a fixed time period, and use request data and response data generated according to all the user requests as test case data for generating the target function.
Step S500: and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function.
In an exemplary embodiment, step S500 may further include:
step S501: and recording the request data and the response data according to the execution sequence of the interface request and the response message, and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function.
In particular, the completion of a target function usually requires multiple interactions between the client and the server for requesting and responding data. For example, when a user needs to complete an ordering function, actions that the user needs to complete include steps of logging in, entering an ordering page, checking commodities, selecting quantity, selecting harvest addresses and confirming ordering, a user request generated according to the user actions includes a logged-in user request, a user request entering the ordering page, a user request for checking commodities, a user request for selecting quantity, a user request for selecting a harvest address and a user request for confirming ordering, and corresponding user request data is generated according to a plurality of user requests. Each interface request may depend on a response message of the previous interface request, and therefore, when there is a dependency before an interface, in the process of recording request data and response data, a dependency value needs to be spliced between the request data and the response data of each interface, and a test case of a target service function is generated according to the execution sequence of the interface request and response messages.
In an exemplary embodiment, after the test case is generated, the test case may be uploaded into the blockchain. The corresponding digest information is obtained based on the test case, and specifically, the digest information is obtained by hashing the test case, for example, by using a sha256s algorithm. Uploading summary information to the blockchain can ensure the safety and the fair transparency of the user. The user equipment can download the summary information from the blockchain so as to verify whether the test case is tampered. The blockchain referred to in this example is a novel application mode of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, and the like. A block chain (Blockchain), which is essentially a decentralized database, is a series of data blocks associated by using a cryptographic method, and each data block contains information of a batch of network transactions, so as to verify the validity (anti-counterfeiting) of the information and generate a next block. The blockchain may include a blockchain underlying platform, a platform product service layer, an application service layer, and the like.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the method may further include:
step S110: receiving a test case acquisition request, wherein the acquisition request carries a test case identifier;
step S111: and acquiring the test case corresponding to the test case identifier based on the test case identifier.
In another embodiment, after the test case is obtained, the test case ID may be given to the test case, and when the test worker inputs the test ID on the user interface, the test case corresponding to the test ID may be obtained. In an exemplary embodiment, the test case ID may be assigned according to a function of the test case.
In another embodiment, the test identifier may also be url, param, response, and the like included in the test case, a mapping relationship between each identifier of the test cases is established in advance, and when a test worker inputs any one test identifier on the user interface, other elements corresponding to the input elements may be obtained through the input elements, so as to obtain a complete test case. The test case is obtained through the test identification, so that a tester can select the actual interface url, the input parameter and the output parameter directly through the test case identification without inputting the test case in a complicated way. A tester is omitted from editing the test case according to the interface document, the working efficiency is improved, and the error rate is reduced.
Specifically, after the interface test case is obtained, the interface to be tested is automatically tested through the interface test case to obtain an interface test result. Specifically, the method may include: calling an interface to be tested; automatically testing the interface to be tested through the interface test case to obtain an interface execution result; and comparing the interface execution result with the result verification data to obtain an interface test result.
In other embodiments, the test case can be periodically executed, so that the case can be automatically generated, the test case can be automatically executed, and the test case can be automatically fed back.
In the embodiment, an interface request triggered based on user behavior is obtained, where the interface request carries request data; receiving a response message based on the interface request feedback, and acquiring response data in the response message; correspondingly storing the response data and the request data into a request message database; acquiring request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database; and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function. The generating efficiency and the accuracy of the test case are improved. Meanwhile, the generated test case is stored in a database, so that a testing worker can directly select an actual interface url, an input parameter and an output parameter through prompting or directly obtain the test case through a test case ID without fussy test case entry. A tester is not required to edit the test case according to the interface document, the working efficiency is improved, and the error rate of the input of the test case is reduced.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5, a program module diagram of the test case generation system of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the test case generating system 20 may include or be divided into one or more program modules, and the one or more program modules are stored in a storage medium and executed by one or more processors to implement the present invention and implement the test case generating method described above. The program module referred to in the embodiments of the present invention refers to a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, and is more suitable for describing the execution process of the test case generating system 20 in the storage medium than the program itself. The following description will specifically describe the functions of the program modules of the present embodiment:
the interface request receiving module 200 is configured to obtain an interface request triggered based on a user behavior, where the interface request carries request data.
A response data obtaining module 202, configured to receive a response message based on the interface request feedback, and obtain response data in the response message.
The data storage module 204 is configured to correspondingly store the response data and the request data in a request message database.
Further, the data storage module 204 is further configured to:
writing the request data and the response data into a message channel;
and filtering the request data and the response data in the message channel according to a preset filtering rule, and correspondingly storing the filtered request data and the filtered response data into the request message database.
A data obtaining module 206, configured to obtain request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database.
Further, the data obtaining module 206 is further configured to:
and acquiring request data and response data meeting the screening conditions from the request database according to the preset screening conditions.
Further, the data obtaining module 206 is further configured to:
determining the success rate of the interface request according to the request data and the response data;
and obtaining the request data and the response data with the success rate higher than a preset threshold value to obtain the request data and the response data meeting the screening condition.
Further, the data obtaining module 206 is further configured to:
and screening the request data and the response data of the fixed user when the target service function is completed in a fixed time period, wherein the request data and the response data meet the screening condition.
The test case generating module 208 is configured to generate a test case corresponding to the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function.
Further, the test case generation module 208 is further configured to:
and recording the request data and the response data according to the execution sequence of the interface request and the response message, and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function.
Further, the test case generation module 208 is further configured to:
receiving a test case acquisition request, wherein the acquisition request carries a test case identifier;
and acquiring the test case corresponding to the test case identifier based on the test case identifier.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware architecture of a computer device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the computer device 2 is a device capable of automatically performing numerical calculation and/or information processing in accordance with a preset or stored instruction. The computer device 2 may be a rack server, a blade server, a tower server or a rack server (including an independent server or a server cluster composed of a plurality of servers), and the like. As shown in FIG. 6, the computer device 2 includes, but is not limited to, at least a memory 21, a processor 22, a network interface 23, and a test case generation system 20, which may be communicatively coupled to each other via a system bus. Wherein:
in this embodiment, the memory 21 includes at least one type of computer-readable storage medium including a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like. In some embodiments, the storage 21 may be an internal storage unit of the computer device 2, such as a hard disk or a memory of the computer device 2. In other embodiments, the memory 21 may also be an external storage device of the computer device 2, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), or the like provided on the computer device 2. Of course, the memory 21 may also comprise both internal and external memory units of the computer device 2. In the present embodiment, the memory 21 is generally used for storing an operating system installed in the computer device 2 and various types of application software, such as the program codes of the test case generating system 20 of the above-described embodiment. Further, the memory 21 may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or are to be output.
The network interface 23 may comprise a wireless network interface or a wired network interface, and the network interface 23 is generally used for establishing communication connection between the computer device 2 and other electronic apparatuses. For example, the network interface 23 is used to connect the computer device 2 to an external terminal through a network, establish a data transmission channel and a communication connection between the computer device 2 and the external terminal, and the like. The network may be a wireless or wired network such as an Intranet (Intranet), the Internet (Internet), a Global System of Mobile communication (GSM), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), a 4G network, a 5G network, Bluetooth (Bluetooth), Wi-Fi, and the like.
It is noted that fig. 6 only shows the computer device 2 with components 20-23, but it is to be understood that not all shown components are required to be implemented, and that more or less components may be implemented instead.
In this embodiment, the test case generating system 20 stored in the memory 21 may be further divided into one or more program modules, and the one or more program modules are stored in the memory 21 and executed by one or more processors (in this embodiment, the processor 22) to complete the present invention.
For example, fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of program modules implementing a second embodiment of the test case generation system 20, in this embodiment, the test case generation system 20 may be divided into an interface request receiving module 200, a response data obtaining module 202, a data storage module 204, a data obtaining module 206, and a test case generation module 208. The program module referred to in the present invention refers to a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, and is more suitable than a program for describing the execution process of the test case generating system 20 in the computer device 2. The specific functions of the program module interface request receiving module 200 and the test case generating module 208 have been described in detail in embodiment two, and are not described herein again.
Example four
The present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, such as a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a server, an App application mall, etc., on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements corresponding functions. The computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment is used for storing the test case generation system 20, and when being executed by the processor, the computer-readable storage medium implements the test case generation method of the embodiment.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for test case generation, comprising:
acquiring an interface request triggered based on user behavior, wherein the interface request carries request data;
receiving a response message based on the interface request feedback, and acquiring response data in the response message;
correspondingly storing the response data and the request data into a request message database;
acquiring request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database;
and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function.
2. The method for generating test cases according to claim 1, wherein the storing the response data and the request data into a request message database in a corresponding manner comprises:
writing the request data and the response data into a message channel;
and filtering the request data and the response data in the message channel according to a preset filtering rule, and correspondingly storing the filtered request data and the filtered response data into the request message database.
3. The test case generation method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database comprises:
and acquiring request data and response data meeting the screening conditions from the request database according to the preset screening conditions.
4. The method for generating test cases according to claim 3, wherein the obtaining request data and response data that satisfy the screening conditions from the request database according to the preset screening conditions includes:
determining the success rate of the interface request according to the request data and the response data;
and obtaining the request data and the response data with the success rate higher than a preset threshold value to obtain the request data and the response data meeting the screening condition.
5. The method for generating test cases according to claim 3, wherein the obtaining request data and response data that satisfy the screening conditions from the request database according to the preset screening conditions includes:
and screening the request data and the response data of the fixed user when the target service function is completed in a fixed time period, wherein the request data and the response data meet the screening condition.
6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the generating the test case corresponding to the target business function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target business function comprises:
and recording the request data and the response data according to the execution sequence of the interface request and the response message, and generating a corresponding test case of the target service function.
7. The method of test case generation according to claim 6, the method further comprising:
receiving a test case acquisition request, wherein the acquisition request carries a test case identifier;
and acquiring the test case corresponding to the test case identifier based on the test case identifier.
8. A test case generation system, comprising:
the interface request receiving module is used for acquiring an interface request triggered based on user behavior, and the interface request carries request data;
a response data obtaining module, configured to receive a response message based on the interface request feedback, and obtain response data in the response message;
the data storage module is used for correspondingly storing the response data and the request data into a request message database;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring request data and response data corresponding to the target service function from the request message database;
and the test case generation module is used for generating a test case corresponding to the target service function according to the request data and the response data corresponding to the target service function.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the steps of the test case generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented by the processor when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which is executable by at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the steps of the test case generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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