CN112180276A - SOH estimation method and device for battery, battery state display method and charging control method for battery pack - Google Patents
SOH estimation method and device for battery, battery state display method and charging control method for battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN112180276A CN112180276A CN201910598291.1A CN201910598291A CN112180276A CN 112180276 A CN112180276 A CN 112180276A CN 201910598291 A CN201910598291 A CN 201910598291A CN 112180276 A CN112180276 A CN 112180276A
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 101001033754 Homo sapiens Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 31 Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102100039122 Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 31 Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for estimating SOH of a battery, a method for displaying the state of the battery and a method for controlling the charging of a battery pack, wherein the method for estimating the SOH of the battery comprises the following steps: determining a first state parameter indicative of a capacity fade of the battery based on the capacity of the battery; determining a second state parameter indicative of a change in internal resistance of the battery based on the internal resistance of the battery; and carrying out weighted average on the first state parameter and the second state parameter to obtain the SOH of the battery. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the SOH closer to the state of the battery can be obtained in a simple mode, and the SOH value of the battery can be accurately estimated on line. And the health state is displayed through the lamp display according to the SOH, and the charging current is adjusted according to the SOH, so that the service life of the battery can be prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to a battery technology, in particular to a method and a device for estimating SOH of a battery, a method for displaying battery state and a method for controlling charging of a battery pack.
Background
The battery can age along with the use of time, so that the battery has different battery characteristics in different periods, and the SOH value is particularly reflected on the size of the SOH value of the battery, so that the SOH value intuitively reflects the overall performance of the battery and the capability of releasing electric energy under certain conditions.
The SOH value of the battery can be obtained through experiments in a laboratory, but the SOH value of the battery cannot be directly obtained through a measurement method without various conditions of the laboratory during the use of the battery, and the estimation of the SOH value of the battery during the use of a product is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for estimating SOH of a battery, a method for displaying the state of the battery and a method for controlling the charging of a battery pack, which are used for accurately estimating the SOH value of the battery and carrying out state indication, fault diagnosis, charging and discharging control and the like according to the SOH.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for estimating an SOH of a battery, including:
determining a first state parameter indicative of a capacity fade of the battery based on the capacity of the battery;
determining a second state parameter indicative of a change in internal resistance of the battery based on the internal resistance of the battery;
and carrying out weighted average on the first state parameter and the second state parameter to obtain the SOH of the battery.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an SOH estimation apparatus for a battery, including:
a first state parameter determination unit for determining a first state parameter indicating a capacity fade of the battery based on a capacity of the battery;
a second state parameter determination unit for determining a second state parameter indicating a change in internal resistance of the battery based on the internal resistance of the battery;
and the state of health obtaining unit is used for carrying out weighted average on the first state parameter and the second state parameter to obtain the state of health SOH of the battery.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery state display method, including:
the SOH estimation method of the battery provided by any embodiment of the invention is used for acquiring the state of health of the battery;
and displaying the electric quantity and the SOH of the battery pack according to the control of the battery pack.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for controlling charging of a battery pack, including:
controlling a charging current of a battery pack to be proportional to a current capacity of the battery pack;
decreasing a charging current of the battery pack as a number of battery charging cycles increases.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first state parameter reflecting the battery endurance time and the second state parameter reflecting the battery service performance are obtained, the first state parameter and the second state parameter are subjected to weighted average to obtain the SOH of the battery, the SOH closer to the battery state is obtained, the SOH value of the battery is accurately estimated on line, and the accuracy is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for estimating SOH of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating another method for estimating SOH of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of calculating a cell resistance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a battery status display method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a detailed flowchart of a battery status display method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling charging of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary charging control provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for estimating SOH of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is applicable to a case Of determining a State Of Health (SOH) Of a battery, the method may be performed by SOH estimation Of the battery, the apparatus may be integrated in a battery management system BMS, and the SOH estimation method Of the battery provided by the embodiment Of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
the capacity of the battery represents the endurance time of the battery, the capacity of the battery continuously decreases as the number of charging cycles of the battery increases, and the first state parameter represents the degree of decay of the capacity of the battery, for example, the degree of decay of the current capacity of the battery relative to a nominal battery capacity.
the internal resistance reflects the service performance of the battery, and the direct current internal resistance of the battery is firstly increased and then kept unchanged along with the increase of the cycle number. The second state parameter is indicative of an increase in the internal resistance of the battery, such as an increase in the current resistance of the battery relative to the initial internal resistance.
And step 130, carrying out weighted average on the first state parameter and the second state parameter to obtain the SOH of the battery.
The first state parameter is SOH1, the second state parameter is SOH2, and the state of health SOH of the battery is:
SOH＝w*SOH2+(1-w)*SOH1。
the battery capacity reflects the battery endurance time, and the battery internal resistance reflects the battery usability, so that the health state SOH obtained by weighting the battery capacity and the battery internal resistance can reflect the health condition of the battery more truly. The weighting factor w needs to be determined according to the measurement accuracy of both. For example, if a large resistance in a certain cell included in the constituent batteries is detected, it can be determined that the battery pack is damaged, and SOH can be set to 0.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first state parameter reflecting the battery endurance time and the second state parameter reflecting the battery service performance are determined, the first state parameter and the second state parameter are subjected to weighted average to obtain the SOH of the battery, the SOH closer to the battery state is obtained, the SOH value of the battery can be accurately estimated on line, and the accuracy is higher.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another method for estimating SOH of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the method for estimating SOH of a battery includes:
The cutoff capacity of a battery is generally the capacity at which the battery cannot meet normal usage when the battery decays to this capacity. Optionally, the battery decays to 70% -60% capacity as the cutoff capacity of the battery, e.g., the battery decays to 60% capacity as the cutoff capacity of the battery.
Alternatively, the current internal resistance of the battery may be obtained by: and in the constant-current charging stage of the battery, controlling the preset time for stopping charging, and dividing the variable quantity of the voltage by the variable quantity of the current to obtain the current internal resistance of the battery.
The battery is charged by CC-CV, i.e. constant current and then constant voltage. For example, a command may be sent to the battery pack during the constant current charging phase to abruptly decrease the charging current from a maximum value to 0. After the preset time, the voltage of the battery basically tends to be stable, the voltage variation and the current variation of the battery can be determined by collecting the voltages at the two ends of the battery core and the current of the battery core, and the current internal resistance of the battery is obtained by dividing the voltage variation by the current variation.
For example, the battery management system may collect the voltage and the current of the battery cell through the single chip, fig. 3 is a flowchart for calculating the resistance of the battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and with reference to fig. 3, the method specifically includes:
s11, charging to 50% SOC in a constant current charging stage;
s12, detecting the current cell voltage and the current charging current;
s13, the battery pack sends a charging stopping instruction to the charger;
s14, detecting the cell voltage after 10S;
s15, calculating the current internal resistance of the battery cell according to the delta U/I;
s16, converting the internal resistance to 0 ℃ according to the current temperature;
s17, whether the first detection is carried out or not; if yes, executing S18 and S19 in sequence; if not, jumping to S20;
s18, calculating SOH according to the current maximum cell internal resistance and the reference internal resistance;
wherein the reference internal resistance includes an initial internal resistance and a cutoff internal resistance of the battery.
S19, the battery pack sends a charging continuing instruction to the charger;
s20, calculating reference internal resistance: the average value of the internal resistances of other cells and the maximum internal resistance of the cell are not considered;
considering that the temperature of the battery can affect the internal resistance of the battery, the problem that the temperature of the battery affects the internal resistance detection of the battery needs to be solved, and the detection precision is improved. Optionally, 50% -60% of the SOC is selected as a sampling interval of the internal resistance of the battery, and the internal resistance of the battery cell of the SOC in the middle section is relatively stable, so that the detection accuracy can be improved.
At 50% SOC of the battery cell, the single chip microcomputer detects the internal resistance of the battery cell at different temperatures, and the internal resistance of the battery is converted according to the temperature: the temperature range of the general battery pack allowed to be charged is 0-60 ℃, and the internal resistance of the battery core is in a fixed proportional relation at different temperatures. In the embodiment, when the single chip microcomputer calculates the internal resistance, the internal resistances collected at different temperatures are normalized and optionally uniformly converted to 0 ℃ or 40 ℃. The normalization enables the results of the measurement and calculation of the battery cell at different temperatures to be unified at the same temperature, eliminates the temperature influence and improves the accuracy of measuring the internal resistance.
And step 230, carrying out weighted average on the first state parameter and the second state parameter to obtain the state of health (SOH) of the battery.
The first state parameter is SOH1, the second state parameter is SOH2, and the state of health SOH of the battery is:
SOH＝w*SOH2+(1-w)*SOH1。
the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately obtain the internal resistance of the battery, has simple means and accurate result, is convenient to obtain the SOH of the battery on line and obtain more accurate SOH, breaks through the limitation that the SOH of the battery can only be obtained under the condition of a laboratory at present, and provides a practical method for detecting the SOH on line.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an SOH estimation apparatus for a battery, including:
a first state parameter determination unit for determining a first state parameter indicating a capacity fade of the battery based on a capacity of the battery;
a second state parameter determination unit for determining a second state parameter indicating a change in internal resistance of the battery based on the internal resistance of the battery;
and the state of health obtaining unit is used for carrying out weighted average on the first state parameter and the second state parameter to obtain the state of health SOH of the battery.
The device can be integrated in a BMS, can execute the method provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a battery state display method, and after the SOH of the battery is obtained by the SOH estimation method of the battery provided by any embodiment of the invention, the electric quantity and the SOH of the battery pack can be displayed according to the control of the battery pack. A battery pack typically includes a number of battery cells, and the SOH of the battery is also the SOH of the cells. Exemplarily, fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a battery status display method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, the method includes:
and step 340, displaying the electric quantity and the SOH of the battery pack according to the control of the battery pack.
For example, the power and SOH of the battery pack may be displayed according to a key control on the battery pack.
Optionally, on the battery package, be provided with button and pilot lamp, electric quantity and the SOH that shows the battery package according to the control to the battery package include:
if the pressed time length of the key on the battery pack is detected to be less than the preset time length, displaying the electric quantity of the battery pack;
and if the monitored duration that the key on the battery pack is pressed is greater than or equal to the preset duration, displaying the SOH of the battery pack.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for displaying a battery status according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:
s21, pressing down a battery pack key;
namely, whether a key on the battery pack is pressed down is monitored;
s22, detecting the current cell voltage and the current charging current;
s23, judging whether the key pressing time exceeds 3S, if so, executing S24, and otherwise, jumping to S26;
s24, turning off all the LED lamps for 1S;
s25, displaying SOH;
and S26, turning off the LED lamp.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a charging control method of the battery pack, and after the SOH of the battery is obtained by the SOH estimation method of the battery provided by any embodiment of the invention, the charging and discharging control of the battery pack can be carried out according to the SOH. Exemplarily, fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling charging of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, the method includes:
s410, controlling the charging current of a battery pack to be in direct proportion to the current capacity of the battery pack;
and S420, reducing the charging current of the battery pack along with the increase of the number of the charging cycles of the battery.
Along with the use of the battery pack, the capacity of the battery pack can be attenuated, the charging current of the battery pack is controlled to be matched with the current capacity of the battery pack, and the service life of the battery can be prolonged.
Optionally, decreasing the charging current of the battery pack as the number of battery charging cycles increases, including;
controlling the charging current of the battery pack to be an initial charging current multiplied by an attenuation coefficient; wherein, one attenuation coefficient corresponds to a preset range of the battery charging cycle times; the larger the preset range is, the larger the attenuation coefficient is.
A preset range of the number of battery charging cycles corresponds to an attenuation coefficient, for example, the number of charging cycles is 200-300, and the corresponding attenuation coefficient is 0.8; the number of charging cycles is 300-400, and the corresponding attenuation coefficient is 0.7.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary charging control provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the abscissa represents the number of battery charging cycles and the ordinate represents the attenuation coefficient; one of the following curves is: capacity fade curves (4A charge, 20A discharge) for 25R cells charged and discharged at rated current. The upper curve is: and adjusting the charging current to gradually reduce according to the attenuation coefficient multiplied by the charging current corresponding to the charging cycle number of the battery, namely according to the attenuation condition of the capacity.
Tests verify that compared with the existing charging control mode, the charging control mode of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of change of charging time and capacity attenuation.
Through testing, the charging control method provided by the embodiment of the invention can prolong the service life of the battery.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, accurate internal resistance of the battery can be obtained in a simple mode, the SOH closer to the real state of the battery is obtained, and the SOH value of the battery can be accurately estimated on line. And the health state is displayed through the lamp display according to the SOH, and the charging current is adjusted according to the SOH, so that the service life of the battery can be prolonged.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of estimating SOH of a battery, comprising:
determining a first state parameter indicative of a capacity fade of the battery based on the capacity of the battery;
determining a second state parameter indicative of a change in internal resistance of the battery based on the internal resistance of the battery;
and carrying out weighted average on the first state parameter and the second state parameter to obtain the SOH of the battery.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first state parameter is SOH1,
3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the battery is decayed to a capacity of 70-60% as the cut-off capacity of the battery.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second state parameter is SOH2,
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to determining a second state parameter indicative of a change in internal resistance of a battery based on the internal resistance of the battery:
and in the constant-current charging stage of the battery, controlling the preset time for stopping charging, and dividing the variable quantity of the voltage by the variable quantity of the current to obtain the current internal resistance of the battery.
6. An SOH estimation apparatus of a battery, comprising:
a first state parameter determination unit for determining a first state parameter indicating a capacity fade of the battery based on a capacity of the battery;
a second state parameter determination unit for determining a second state parameter indicating a change in internal resistance of the battery based on the internal resistance of the battery;
and the state of health obtaining unit is used for carrying out weighted average on the first state parameter and the second state parameter to obtain the state of health SOH of the battery.
7. A battery state display method, comprising:
obtaining the state of health of the battery by the method of any one of claims 1-5;
and displaying the electric quantity and the SOH of the battery pack according to the control of the battery pack.
8. The battery status display method according to claim 7, wherein displaying the amount of charge and the SOH of the battery pack according to the control of the battery pack comprises:
if the pressed time length of the key on the battery pack is detected to be less than the preset time length, displaying the electric quantity of the battery pack;
and if the monitored duration that the key on the battery pack is pressed is greater than or equal to the preset duration, displaying the SOH of the battery pack.
9. A method for controlling charging of a battery pack, comprising:
controlling a charging current of a battery pack to be proportional to a current capacity of the battery pack;
decreasing a charging current of the battery pack as a number of battery charging cycles increases.
10. The charge control method of claim 9, wherein decreasing the charge current of the battery pack as the number of battery charge cycles increases comprises;
controlling the charging current of the battery pack to be an initial charging current multiplied by an attenuation coefficient; wherein, one attenuation coefficient corresponds to a preset range of the battery charging cycle times; the larger the preset range is, the larger the attenuation coefficient is.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112924869A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for determining health state of battery pack |
| CN114865112A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-08-05 | 南京泉峰科技有限公司 | Battery pack and discharge control method thereof |
| CN115036590A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-09-09 | 东莞新能安科技有限公司 | Secondary battery internal resistance detection method and device and electronic equipment |
| EP4336200A1 (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2024-03-13 | Volkswagen Ag | Battery management system for determining a health of a power source based on an impedance indicator |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114865112A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-08-05 | 南京泉峰科技有限公司 | Battery pack and discharge control method thereof |
| CN112924869A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for determining health state of battery pack |
| CN115036590A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-09-09 | 东莞新能安科技有限公司 | Secondary battery internal resistance detection method and device and electronic equipment |
| WO2023185713A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | 东莞新能安科技有限公司 | Secondary battery internal resistance detection method and apparatus and electronic device |
| EP4336200A1 (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2024-03-13 | Volkswagen Ag | Battery management system for determining a health of a power source based on an impedance indicator |
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