CN112180266A - Tracking early warning method for whole process of short circuit in battery - Google Patents
Tracking early warning method for whole process of short circuit in battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112180266A CN112180266A CN202010994752.XA CN202010994752A CN112180266A CN 112180266 A CN112180266 A CN 112180266A CN 202010994752 A CN202010994752 A CN 202010994752A CN 112180266 A CN112180266 A CN 112180266A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tracking and early warning method for the whole process of short circuit in a battery, which comprises the following steps: s1, detecting the internal short-circuit resistance value through an internal short-circuit detection algorithm based on an RCC algorithm or an SOC difference algorithm; s2, determining the fault level of the battery according to the change of the resistance value of the battery; s3, calculating the resistance change rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, t0Indicating the moment of first detection of the short-circuit resistance value within a certain period of internal short-circuit, tnIndicates the nth (n) within the period>1) The moment when the secondary detection is completed; r (t)0) And R (t)n) Respectively representing the corresponding internal short circuit resistance values at the moment; and S4, setting corresponding level early warning according to the corresponding fault level in the step S2.According to the method, the applicability is high, the method is suitable for dynamic tracking of the full-period evolution process of the internal short circuit, the practicability is high, and early warning of different levels can be performed on the internal short circuit under different working conditions and in different periods so as to take reasonable countermeasures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery fault diagnosis, in particular to a tracking early warning method for the whole process of short circuit in a battery.
Background
The short circuit in the battery is one of the main reasons of safety accidents of the electric automobile, and the internal short circuit can be caused by overcharge and overdischarge of the battery, high temperature, aging and the like.
The electric heating characteristics are not obvious in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, the duration is long, if the tracking and monitoring of the internal short circuit state cannot be timely achieved in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, and the thermal runaway of the battery can be possibly caused when the tracking and monitoring is developed to the final stage. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively detect the internal short circuit of the battery according to a proper method and track and monitor the internal short circuit resistance in real time, so as to take corresponding measures in time to suppress the deterioration of the battery state and improve the safety of the battery.
Some current patents only detect and diagnose a specific working condition or a certain period of internal short circuit, and judge the severity of the internal short circuit according to the magnitude of the resistance. The short circuit in the battery is a long period process evolving along with time, and actually, the fault level is determined together with the change rate of the resistance value, so that the tracking, monitoring and early warning of the whole process of the short circuit in the battery are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the tracking and early warning method for the whole process of the short circuit in the battery, the method has high applicability, is suitable for dynamic tracking of the whole period evolution process of the internal short circuit, has strong practicability, and can carry out early warning of different levels aiming at the internal short circuit under different working conditions and different periods so as to take reasonable countermeasures. To achieve the above objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for tracking and early warning of an entire process of a short circuit in a battery, including:
s1, detecting the internal short-circuit resistance value through an internal short-circuit detection algorithm based on an RCC algorithm or an SOC difference algorithm;
s2, determining the fault level of the battery according to the change of the resistance value of the battery;
s3, calculating the resistance change rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, t0Indicating the moment of first detection of the short-circuit resistance value within a certain period of internal short-circuit, tnIndicates the nth (n) within the period>1) The moment when the secondary detection is completed; r (t)0) And R (t)n) Respectively representing the corresponding internal short circuit resistance values at the moment;
and S4, setting corresponding level early warning according to the corresponding fault level in the step S2.
Preferably, the step S1 further includes the steps of:
s11, when the internal short circuit resistance value is detected, the fault level is primary;
s12, in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, the resistance value is small, the short circuit current and the heat generation power are increased, the heat generation cannot be discharged in time, the evolution process is gradually accelerated, and the fault level is in a medium level;
and S13, by the end stage of the internal short circuit, the development process is extremely rapid, and thermal runaway is almost unavoidable, and the fault is the highest-level fault at the moment.
Preferably, the step S3 further includes the steps of:
s31, setting different thresholds according to the resistance change rate in the period of the internal short circuit, setting the severity of the absolute change of the resistance in different periods as 1 ohm/h in the initial period of the internal short circuit, and marking as B1;
s32, set 0.1 ohm/h in the middle of the inner short circuit, and is marked as B2.
Preferably, the step S4 further includes the steps of:
s41, if the resistance value is in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value does not exceed B1, the micro short circuit without the evolution trend is considered to occur, and the early warning is level 1;
s42, if the resistance value is in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value exceeds B1, the micro short circuit with the evolution trend is considered to occur at the moment, and the early warning is the level 2 early warning;
s43, if the resistance value is in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value does not exceed B2, the serious internal short circuit is considered to occur at the moment, and the grade 2 early warning is carried out;
s44, if the resistance value is in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, the change rate of the resistance value exceeds B2, the serious internal short circuit is considered to occur, the trend of gradual evolution into thermal runaway exists, and 3-level early warning is achieved;
and S45, if the resistance value is at the end stage of the internal short circuit, the thermal runaway is considered to be inevitable at the moment, and the early warning is a 3-grade early warning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: based on various internal short circuit detection algorithms, the short circuit resistance value is tracked and detected in different periods of internal short circuits, corresponding resistance value change rate is calculated to judge the evolution trend of the internal short circuits, and the short circuit resistance value change rate jointly determine fault grades to perform early warning in different levels. When the short circuit resistance value cannot be detected, no tracking is performed. When the resistance value reaches the detectable range, the real-time monitoring of the internal short circuit state is started, and reasonable countermeasures are taken in time according to early warning of different levels.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for tracking and early warning the whole process of short circuit in a battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the resistance evolution process of the tracking and early warning method for the whole process of short circuit in the battery according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a fault level diagram of a tracking early warning method for the whole process of short circuit in a battery according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a tracking and early warning method for the whole process of short circuit in a battery includes:
and S1, detecting the internal short circuit resistance value through an internal short circuit detection algorithm based on an RCC algorithm or an SOC difference algorithm, wherein the resistance value is used for judging the period of the internal short circuit. With the continuous decrease of the resistance value, the internal short circuit gradually evolves from the initial stage to the final stage. The fault grades are divided according to different periods of the internal short circuit, the electric heating effect is not obvious in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, the development process is very slow, and the initial stage of the internal short circuit occupies most of the time of the development and evolution process of the internal short circuit, so that the tracking and monitoring of the initial stage of the internal short circuit are very important;
s2, determining the fault level of the battery according to the change of the resistance value of the battery;
s3, calculating the resistance change rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, t0Indicating the moment of first detection of the short-circuit resistance value within a certain period of internal short-circuit, tnIndicates the nth (n) within the period>1) The moment when the secondary detection is completed; r (t)0) And R (t)n) And respectively representing the corresponding internal short circuit resistance values at the moment, wherein the resistance value change rate is used for judging the evolution trend of the internal short circuit. The larger the resistance change rate is, the more obvious the evolution trend of the internal short circuit is, the internal short circuit is likely to develop to the middle stage or the final stage of the internal short circuit in the early stage of the internal short circuit, and the thermal runaway is likely to develop in the middle and the later stage of the internal short circuit in the short period;
and S4, setting corresponding level early warning according to the corresponding fault level in the step S2.
Further, the step S1 further includes the following steps:
s11, when the internal short circuit resistance value is detected, the fault level is primary;
s12, in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, the resistance value is small, the short circuit current and the heat generation power are increased, the heat generation cannot be discharged in time, the evolution process is gradually accelerated, and the fault level is in a medium level;
and S13, by the end stage of the internal short circuit, the development process is extremely rapid, and thermal runaway is almost unavoidable, and the fault is the highest-level fault at the moment.
Further, the step S3 further includes the following steps:
s31, setting different thresholds according to the resistance change rate in the period of the internal short circuit, setting the severity of the absolute change of the resistance in different periods as 1 ohm/h in the initial period of the internal short circuit, and marking as B1;
s32, set 0.1 ohm/h in the middle of the inner short circuit, and is marked as B2.
Further, the step S4 further includes the following steps:
s41, if the resistance value is in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value does not exceed B1, the micro short circuit without the evolution trend is considered to occur, and the early warning is level 1;
s42, if the resistance value is in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value exceeds B1, the micro short circuit with the evolution trend is considered to occur at the moment, and the early warning is the level 2 early warning;
s43, if the resistance value is in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value does not exceed B2, the serious internal short circuit is considered to occur at the moment, and the grade 2 early warning is carried out;
s44, if the resistance value is in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, the change rate of the resistance value exceeds B2, the serious internal short circuit is considered to occur, the trend of gradual evolution into thermal runaway exists, and 3-level early warning is achieved;
and S45, if the resistance value is at the end stage of the internal short circuit, the thermal runaway is considered to be inevitable at the moment, and the early warning is a 3-grade early warning.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the invention detects and warns the internal short circuit under different working conditions based on the internal short circuit detection algorithm, comprising the following steps:
and S1, detecting.
If the charging condition is the charging condition, the RCC algorithm is preferentially adopted. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
11) the first charging is carried out, the battery which is fully charged firstly, namely the battery with the highest voltage is determined firstly, the voltage-time charging curve of the single battery is taken as the reference, and the residual chargeable time delta t of the internal short circuit battery is obtained by utilizing an interpolation method according to the charging voltage similarity principle1Calculating the remaining chargeable power CRC,1The calculation formula is as follows: cRC，1＝IΔt1；
12) Performing secondary charging, and obtaining the residual chargeable time delta t after the secondary charging of the internal short-circuit battery is finished by still using an interpolation method2And calculating the residual chargeable electric quantity C after the second chargingRC，2The calculation formula is as follows: cRC，2＝IΔt2；
13) Calculating the amount of leakage C between the two ends of chargingdThe calculation formula is as follows: cd＝CRC，2-CRC，1；
14) Calculating the leakage current IdThe calculation formula is as follows:
15) calculating the average operating voltage U of the single bodyMThe calculation formula is as follows:
u (0.2) and U (1) represent terminal voltages of the short-circuit resistance at SOC of 20% and 100%, respectively.
16) Calculating the short-circuit resistance value R according to ohm's lawISCThe calculation formula is as follows:
if the dynamic working condition is adopted, the SOC difference algorithm is preferentially adopted. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
21) acquiring the state of charge difference delta SOC of each monomer in the battery pack based on an EKF algorithm;
22) calculating the difference in charge (i.e. the leakage Cd) Δ C, calculation thereofThe formula is as follows: Δ C ═ C Δ SOC;
23) calculating CdRate of change (i.e. leakage current I)d)；
24) Calculating the average operating voltage U of the single bodyMThe calculation formula is as follows:
u (0.2) and U (1) represent terminal voltages of the short-circuit resistance at SOC of 20% and 100%, respectively.
25) Calculating the short-circuit resistance value R according to ohm's lawISCThe calculation formula is as follows:
and S2, tracking and early warning.
If the resistance value is not detected, namely the internal short circuit resistance value is more than kilo ohms, the tracking monitoring of the internal short circuit is not carried out; when the resistance value evolves to a detectable range, namely, the internal short circuit initial stage is started to enter, the tracking detection of the internal short circuit resistance value is started, the corresponding resistance value change rate is calculated to monitor the evolution process of the internal short circuit in real time, and early warning of different levels is carried out. The calculation formula of the resistance change rate is as follows:
wherein, t0Indicating the moment of first detection of the short-circuit resistance value within a certain period of internal short-circuit, tnIndicates the nth (n) within the period>1) The moment when the secondary detection is completed; r (t)0) And R (t)n) Respectively representing the corresponding internal short circuit resistance values at the moment.
1) If the resistance value is in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate does not exceed 1 ohm/h, the micro short circuit without the evolution trend is considered to be generated, and the level 1 early warning is carried out. If the resistance value is in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value exceeds 1 ohm/h, the micro short circuit with the evolution trend is considered to be generated, and the 2-level early warning is carried out.
2) If the resistance value is in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate does not exceed 0.1 ohm/h, the serious internal short circuit without the evolution trend is considered to be the 2-level early warning. If the resistance value is in the middle stage of the internal short circuit and the change rate exceeds 0.1 ohm/h, the serious internal short circuit is considered to occur, and the internal short circuit has an evolution trend and is 3-level early warning.
3) If the resistance value is at the end stage of the internal short circuit, the development of the internal short circuit into thermal runaway is considered to be almost inevitable, and 3-level early warning is carried out.
The number of devices and the scale of the processes described herein are intended to simplify the description of the invention, and applications, modifications and variations of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A tracking early warning method for the whole process of short circuit in a battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, detecting the internal short-circuit resistance value through an internal short-circuit detection algorithm based on an RCC algorithm or an SOC difference algorithm;
s2, determining the fault level of the battery according to the change of the resistance value of the battery;
s3, calculating the resistance change rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, t0Indicating the moment of first detection of the short-circuit resistance value within a certain period of internal short-circuit, tnIndicates the nth (n) within the period>1) The moment when the secondary detection is completed; r (t)0) And R (t)n) Respectively representing the corresponding internal short circuit resistance values at the moment;
and S4, setting corresponding level early warning according to the corresponding fault level in the step S2.
2. The method for tracking and warning the whole process of short circuit in battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S1 further comprises the steps of:
s11, when the internal short circuit resistance value is detected, the fault level is primary;
s12, in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, the resistance value is small, the short circuit current and the heat generation power are increased, the heat generation cannot be discharged in time, the evolution process is gradually accelerated, and the fault level is in a medium level;
and S13, by the end stage of the internal short circuit, the development process is extremely rapid, and thermal runaway is almost unavoidable, and the fault is the highest-level fault at the moment.
3. The method for tracking and warning the whole process of short circuit in battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S3 further comprises the steps of:
s31, setting different thresholds according to the resistance change rate in the period of the internal short circuit, setting the severity of the absolute change of the resistance in different periods as 1 ohm/h in the initial period of the internal short circuit, and marking as B1;
s32, set 0.1 ohm/h in the middle of the inner short circuit, and is marked as B2.
4. The method for tracking and warning the whole process of short circuit in battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S4 further comprises the steps of:
s41, if the resistance value is in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value does not exceed B1, the micro short circuit without the evolution trend is considered to occur, and the early warning is level 1;
s42, if the resistance value is in the initial stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value exceeds B1, the micro short circuit with the evolution trend is considered to occur at the moment, and the early warning is the level 2 early warning;
s43, if the resistance value is in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, but the change rate of the resistance value does not exceed B2, the serious internal short circuit is considered to occur at the moment, and the grade 2 early warning is carried out;
s44, if the resistance value is in the middle stage of the internal short circuit, the change rate of the resistance value exceeds B2, the serious internal short circuit is considered to occur, the trend of gradual evolution into thermal runaway exists, and 3-level early warning is achieved;
and S45, if the resistance value is at the end stage of the internal short circuit, the thermal runaway is considered to be inevitable at the moment, and the early warning is a 3-grade early warning.
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| CN114267468A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-01 | 天津大学 | Fixed-point detection and early warning system for nuclear power station key equipment |
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