CN112179322A - Municipal engineering surveying and mapping method and supervision system - Google Patents
Municipal engineering surveying and mapping method and supervision system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112179322A CN112179322A CN202011037331.4A CN202011037331A CN112179322A CN 112179322 A CN112179322 A CN 112179322A CN 202011037331 A CN202011037331 A CN 202011037331A CN 112179322 A CN112179322 A CN 112179322A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping, in particular to a municipal engineering surveying and mapping method and a supervision system, which comprise a surveying and mapping method of positioning reference, secondary surveying and mapping, error measurement and data calibration, wherein a used calibration rod comprises a rod body, a light plate and an end block; because the mode of utilizing the laser ranging principle in the surveying instrument can be interfered by the change of the refractive index of air, the data precision of the surveying instrument is reduced, the accuracy of the surveying and mapping result of municipal engineering is further weakened, and the effect of planning and constructing municipal facilities is influenced; therefore, the actual length of the calibration rod arranged on the surveying and mapping instrument is compared with the measured data, the calibration rod and the measured data form a group of data sets with correlation together with the data in the municipal engineering surveying and mapping respectively, the interference of the air refractive index to the surveying and mapping numerical value is estimated by utilizing the correlation function curve fitted by the data, and the higher-precision surveying and mapping data is calculated, so that the data accuracy of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping, in particular to a municipal engineering surveying and mapping method and a supervision system.
Background
Municipal works are generally national infrastructures, which refer to the construction of various public infrastructures in urban construction, wherein the surveying and mapping effect is related to the construction quality of municipal facilities, so that the urban construction is stably implemented according to a plan, and the quality of each process in the surveying and mapping production process is controlled by supervision, thereby ensuring the quality of the final surveying and mapping result; for a description of municipal engineering surveying and management, see: yang Su Yu, shallow negotiation survey engineering supervision content and method [ J ], survey and spatial geographic information, 2017(No.4), 209-213.
The mode that utilizes laser rangefinder principle can receive the change interference of air refracting index among the surveying instrument who uses at present, and easily produces particulate matter such as dust in the construction environment to with the humiture change combined action of environment, reduced surveying instrument's data precision, and then weakened municipal works mapping result's accuracy, influence the effect that municipal facilities were under construction according to the planning.
Some technical schemes related to municipal engineering mapping methods also appear in the prior art, for example, a chinese patent with application number 2016109075996 discloses a mapping method based on municipal engineering, which solves the defects of low precision and large workload in the later period of a geological space measurement scheme in the traditional geological mapping, especially the problem of difficult mapping under the complex geological environment, and the mapping method based on municipal engineering comprises the following steps: determining a reference surface and a reference point; drawing an underground pipeline distribution map; static laser mapping on the ground; dynamic laser mapping on the ground; drawing a mapping model diagram of the mapping area; the technical scheme is suitable for surveying and mapping of municipal engineering with complex ground and underground geological environments, improves the comprehensiveness and precision of the surveying and mapping of the municipal engineering, reduces the surveying and mapping dead angle, reduces errors, and is simple to operate and high in efficiency; but the influence that receives the air refracting index among this technical scheme in the survey and drawing instrument uses is not solved, and has weakened the problem of survey and drawing data accuracy, and then has reduced municipal works's construction precision.
In view of the above, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a municipal engineering surveying and mapping method and a supervision system, which adopt a special surveying and mapping method to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a municipal engineering surveying and mapping method and a supervision system, the actual length of a calibration rod arranged on a surveying and mapping instrument is compared with the third data of the surveying and mapping, a group of data sets with correlation are respectively formed together with the first data and the second data in the surveying and mapping, the interference amount of the air refractive index on the surveying and mapping numerical value is estimated by utilizing a correlation function curve obtained by data fitting, the surveying and mapping data with higher precision is calculated, and the air refraction interference under the severe air condition is prevented from exceeding the empirical function of the fitting data by utilizing the visible difference of the illumination intensity of a spotlight on the calibration rod and a light display sheet, so that the data accuracy of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method is improved.
The invention relates to a municipal engineering surveying and mapping method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, positioning reference; selecting at least two finished municipal facilities near municipal works as datum points, taking two ends of the current municipal works area as positioning points, respectively measuring position data between the positioning points and the datum points, and recording a difference value between the position data and theoretical data of design planning as first data; by taking the finished municipal facilities as datum points, the preliminary calibration step required in the selection of positioning points is saved, high-precision surveying and mapping data can be obtained only by measuring the relative position relation between targets, and the environment for conveniently measuring the on-site position in municipal engineering is utilized;
s2, secondary mapping; after 6h of measurement completion in S1, measuring the position data between the positioning point and the reference point in S1 again, and marking the difference value between the position data and the theoretical data of the design plan as B data; the original data volume is increased through secondary surveying and mapping, the precision improvement effect of subsequent error elimination is improved, more air parameter change precision interference samples for laser ranging are provided in separated surveying and mapping time, and the error elimination precision of surveying and mapping data is further improved;
s3, error measurement; in the measuring process of S1 and S2, recording air refractive index parameters of a surveying and mapping area, mounting a calibration rod on a surveying and mapping instrument, binding the calibration rod on the surveying and mapping instrument through an elastic band, adjusting a horizontal reference of the calibration rod through a leveling liquid pipe for measurement, and recording a data difference between surveying and mapping data and the extending length of the calibration rod as third data; the method comprises the steps that the accurate length reference quantity is obtained by utilizing the extending length of a calibration rod on a surveying instrument, and then complete data error interference quantity is formed between the reference quantity and third data under the parameter of air refractive index;
s4, data calibration: according to the air refractive index data recorded in the measuring process from S1 to S3, data fitting is carried out between the data and the data C to obtain a correlation function, and the data A and the data B are substituted into the correlation function again to obtain position data of higher-precision mapping; data fitting is carried out between the mapping data of the calibration rod under different air refractive indexes and the extension length of the calibration rod, and the data interference amount of air refractive index change to laser ranging is reduced through error calculation, so that more accurate mapping data is obtained;
the calibration rod in S3 comprises a rod body, a light plate and an end block; both ends of the rod body are respectively provided with a light plate and an end block; the rod body comprises a rod barrel which is connected in a multi-stage sleeved mode, and a light plate is fixed on the surface of the thin end of the rod barrel; the light plate is provided with a key hole, and a light display is arranged in the key hole; an end block is fixed on the surface of the thick end of the rod barrel, and an arc-shaped shallow groove is formed in the surface of the end block, which is opposite to the rod body; a spotlight is arranged on the surface of the end block facing the light plate, and the spotlight corresponds to the position of the light-displaying piece in the keyhole; the surface of the end block at the two sides of the shallow groove is provided with a pair of grooves, and the center of each groove is provided with a shaft column; the shaft column is rotatably arranged in the groove through a coil spring at the end part of the shaft column, and an elastic belt is wound on the shaft column; during the use, block the shallow slot block of end block on surveying instrument's cylinder, then pull out the elastic band in the recess and tie up in surveying instrument's circumference, make the demarcation pole fix on surveying instrument, because the mode that utilizes laser rangefinder principle among the surveying instrument can receive the change interference of air refractive index, and particulate matter such as dust easily produces in the construction environment, and with the humiture change combined action of environment, surveying instrument's data accuracy has been reduced, and then the accuracy of municipal works mapping result has been weakened, influence the effect that municipal facilities are under the planning construction; therefore, the calibration rod is arranged on the surveying instrument, the difference value between actual measurement data and theoretical data of planning and design is recorded in the surveying and mapping process, when the calibration rod is used, the spot lamp on the end plate is started and compared with the illumination intensity observed on the light display sheet in the light plate, the scattering condition of the air in the environment where the calibration rod is located is judged, the surveying instrument is paused to be used under the visible illumination intensity difference until the illumination intensity is at a similar level under observation, and then the surveying instrument is used for measurement; the method utilizes the calibration rod arranged on the surveying instrument to compare the actual length with the surveying and mapping data C, respectively forms a group of data sets with correlation with the data A and the data B in the surveying and mapping, utilizes the correlation function curve fitted by the data to estimate the interference amount of the air refractive index to the surveying and mapping numerical value, calculates the surveying and mapping data with higher precision, and utilizes the visible difference of the illumination intensity of the spot light on the calibration rod and the spot light on the spot light to avoid the air refraction interference under the severe air condition from exceeding the experience function of the fitted data, thereby improving the data accuracy of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method.
Preferably, the end part of the groove is provided with a key-shaped groove, and the shape of the key-shaped groove is vertical to the surface of the end block; the end part of the shaft column extends into the key-shaped groove, and the shaft column is installed in the key-shaped groove in a sliding mode through a shaft ring arranged on the circumferential direction of the end part of the shaft column; the shaft collar is provided with a tension spring towards the direction inside the groove and connected to the end part of the key groove; the calibration rod needs to rotate and orient on a horizontal plane along with the surveying instrument in the using process, the calibration rod is bound on the surveying instrument through the elastic band and the shallow groove on the end block, the fixing state of the elastic band on the surveying instrument can be reduced due to frequent rotation of the end block, and the fixing precision of the calibration rod is further weakened; through the key-shaped groove arranged at the end part of the groove, when the end block rotates on the cylindrical surface of the clamped surveying instrument, the extension length of the elastic belt on the end block changes, and a part of the elastic belt is offset by the sliding displacement of the shaft column in the key-shaped groove, so that the sliding variation of the elastic belt in the rotation process of the calibration rod is reduced, the fixing effect of the calibration rod on the surveying instrument is maintained, and the data accuracy of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method is stabilized.
Preferably, the end part of the groove is also provided with a rotary rolling ring, and the rolling ring protrudes out of the surface of the end block; an inclined elastic shifting sheet is arranged on the aperture of the rolling ring, a convex tooth is arranged on the surface of the shaft column corresponding to the elastic shifting sheet, and the tip of the elastic shifting sheet extends into a tooth gap of the convex tooth; in the rotating process of the end block on the cylindrical surface of the surveying instrument, the coil spring in the shaft column cannot apply corresponding rolling force to the elastic belts in the binding state, so that the elastic belts on two sides of the end block are in different stretching states, wherein the excessively strained elastic belts can reduce the effective service life of the elastic belts, and the excessively relaxed elastic belts cannot play a role in binding the end block on the cylindrical surface of the surveying instrument; through the rolling ring arranged at the end part of the groove, the elastic shifting piece in the aperture of the rolling ring is matched with the convex tooth on the surface of the shaft column, so that the rolling ring rotates on the cylindrical surface of the surveying and mapping instrument in the moving process of the end block, and the elastic shifting piece and the convex tooth are transmitted to the rotation of the shaft column to be matched with the stretching out of the elastic belts on the two sides of the end block in the shrinkage change, thereby improving the application stability of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method.
Preferably, a fixed baffle is further arranged on the port of the groove; the port of the groove is exposed out of a narrow slit through which only the elastic band passes by the baffle plate, and the narrow slit is positioned on the shallow groove side of the end block facing the groove; in a surveying and mapping site of municipal engineering, more impurity particle pollution is accompanied, and a precise transmission mechanism is arranged in a groove of an end block, so that the impurity particle drifting can interfere the normal use of a calibration rod; through setting up the separation blade at the notch opening, isolated with its inside space, and the narrow slit that the separation blade formed on the recess for the position that the elastic band stretched out is laminated mutually with the shallow slot cambered surface of end block, has further strengthened the fixed effort of elastic band to the end block, thereby has promoted municipal works survey and drawing method's application effect.
Preferably, the rod barrel is also provided with a pair of transparent leveling liquid pipes, and the leveling liquid pipes are fixed on the rod barrel at the side of the end block and are parallel to the axial direction of the rod barrel; in the municipal surveying and mapping process, the surveying and mapping instrument is maintained on a reference horizontal plane, which is a basic requirement for accurate surveying and mapping data, and the horizontal accuracy of the calibration rod is difficult to maintain only by depending on the clamping state of the arc-shaped shallow groove on the end block on the surveying and mapping instrument in the rotation process of adjustment of the calibration rod; through setting up the ascending liquid pipe of making level in the pole section of thick bamboo axial, cooperate with the appearance of making level among the surveying instrument, control calibration pole is adjusted to be in on the same horizontal reference face between the surveying instrument, and the liquid pipe of making level of a pair of that sets up has increased visual scope, has improved the observation speed of making level to municipal works mapping method's practicality has been promoted.
The municipal engineering surveying and mapping supervision system is suitable for the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method and comprises a detector for detecting the refractive index of air, a data acquisition module, a data processing center and a field monitoring module; the detector is used for carrying out double measurement on the data of the interference factors in the surveying and mapping process and transmitting the acquired data to the data acquisition module; meanwhile, the field monitoring module is used for recording the surveying and mapping operation steps or inputting the surveying and mapping operation steps through a supervisor, so that the standardization of the surveying and mapping process operation is ensured; the data processing center performs fitting operation on the mapping data received in the data acquisition module, matches and stores the mapping data with operation record data in the field monitoring module and parameters in the detector, and is used for checking mapping work; through the data of the detector at the supervision end and the record of the field monitoring operation process, the traceability accuracy of the surveying and mapping data is improved, the double detection record of the detector on the air refractive index parameters is utilized, the effectiveness of the original data in the surveying and mapping method on improving the measurement precision is ensured, the step missing and the operation which is not in accordance with the standard in the surveying and mapping process are avoided, and the operation effect of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping supervision system is further stabilized.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, calibration rods arranged on a surveying instrument respectively form a data set together with surveying and mapping data, and the interference amount of the air refractive index to surveying and mapping values is estimated by utilizing a fitted correlation function curve, so that higher-precision surveying and mapping data is calculated; the key-shaped groove arranged at the end part of the groove is matched with the tension spring and the shaft collar, so that the sliding variation of the elastic band in the rotation process of the calibration rod is reduced, and the fixing effect of the calibration rod on a surveying instrument is maintained.
2. According to the invention, through the rolling rings arranged at the end parts of the grooves, the elastic shifting pieces in the hole diameters of the rolling rings are matched with the convex teeth on the surfaces of the shaft columns, and the elastic shifting pieces are matched with the stretching-out shrinkage change of the elastic belts at two sides of the end block; the stop piece arranged at the port of the groove ensures that the stretched position of the elastic band is attached to the arc surface of the shallow groove of the end block, thereby further enhancing the fixing acting force of the elastic band on the end block; the pair of leveling liquid pipes arranged on the axial direction of the rod barrel increases the visual range and improves the leveling observation speed.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a municipal engineering mapping method of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention with the calibration rod mounted on the surveying instrument;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the calibration rod unit of the present invention;
figure 4 is a perspective view of an end-block component according to the invention;
figure 5 is an exploded view of an end block component of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at A;
in the figure: the light plate 1, the key hole 11, the end block 2, the shallow groove 21, the groove 22, the key groove 221, the rolling ring 222, the elastic shifting piece 223, the shaft column 23, the shaft ring 231, the tension spring 232, the convex tooth 233, the baffle 224, the rod barrel 3 and the leveling liquid pipe 31.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method for mapping municipal works according to the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, positioning reference; selecting at least two finished municipal facilities near municipal works as datum points, taking two ends of the current municipal works area as positioning points, respectively measuring position data between the positioning points and the datum points, and recording a difference value between the position data and theoretical data of design planning as first data; by taking the finished municipal facilities as datum points, the preliminary calibration step required in the selection of positioning points is saved, high-precision surveying and mapping data can be obtained only by measuring the relative position relation between targets, and the environment for conveniently measuring the on-site position in municipal engineering is utilized;
s2, secondary mapping; after 6h of measurement completion in S1, measuring the position data between the positioning point and the reference point in S1 again, and marking the difference value between the position data and the theoretical data of the design plan as B data; the original data volume is increased through secondary surveying and mapping, the precision improvement effect of subsequent error elimination is improved, more air parameter change precision interference samples for laser ranging are provided in separated surveying and mapping time, and the error elimination precision of surveying and mapping data is further improved;
s3, error measurement; in the measuring process of S1 and S2, recording air refractive index parameters of a surveying and mapping area, mounting a calibration rod on a surveying and mapping instrument, binding the calibration rod on the surveying and mapping instrument through an elastic band, adjusting the horizontal reference of the calibration rod through a leveling liquid pipe 31 for measurement, and recording the data difference between the surveying and mapping data and the extending length of the calibration rod as third data; the method comprises the steps that the accurate length reference quantity is obtained by utilizing the extending length of a calibration rod on a surveying instrument, and then complete data error interference quantity is formed between the reference quantity and third data under the parameter of air refractive index;
s4, data calibration: according to the air refractive index data recorded in the measuring process from S1 to S3, data fitting is carried out between the data and the data C to obtain a correlation function, and the data A and the data B are substituted into the correlation function again to obtain position data of higher-precision mapping; data fitting is carried out between the mapping data of the calibration rod under different air refractive indexes and the extension length of the calibration rod, and the data interference amount of air refractive index change to laser ranging is reduced through error calculation, so that more accurate mapping data is obtained;
the calibration rod in S3 comprises a rod body, a light plate 1 and an end block 2; the two ends of the rod body are respectively provided with a light plate 1 and an end block 2; the rod body comprises a rod barrel 3 which is connected in a multi-stage sleeved mode, and a light plate 1 is fixed on the surface of the thin end of the rod barrel 3; the light panel 1 is provided with a key hole 11, and a light display is arranged in the key hole 11; the end block 2 is fixed on the surface of the thick end of the rod barrel 3, and the surface of the end block 2, which is opposite to the rod body, is provided with an arc-shaped shallow groove 21; a spot light is arranged on the surface of the end block 2 facing the light plate 1, and the spot light corresponds to the position of the light-displaying piece in the keyhole 11; the surface of the end block 2 at two sides of the shallow groove 21 is provided with a pair of grooves 22, and the center of each groove 22 is provided with a shaft column 23; the shaft column 23 is rotatably arranged in the groove 22 through a coil spring at the end part of the shaft column, and an elastic belt is wound on the shaft column 23; when the device is used, the shallow grooves 21 of the end block 2 are clamped on the cylindrical surface of a surveying instrument, then the elastic bands in the grooves 22 are pulled out and bound on the circumferential direction of the surveying instrument, so that the calibration rods are fixed on the surveying instrument, and the surveying instrument can easily generate particles such as dust and the like in a construction environment due to the fact that the mode of utilizing a laser ranging principle is interfered by the change of the refractive index of air and coacts with the temperature and humidity change of the environment, so that the data precision of the surveying instrument is reduced, the accuracy of the municipal engineering surveying result is further weakened, and the effect of municipal facilities on construction according to planning is influenced; therefore, the calibration rod is arranged on the surveying instrument, the difference value between actual measurement data and theoretical data of planning and design is recorded in the surveying and mapping process, when the calibration rod is used, the spot lamp on the end plate is started and is compared with the illumination intensity observed on the light display sheet in the light plate 1, the scattering condition of the air in the environment where the calibration rod is located is judged, the surveying instrument is paused to be used under the visible illumination intensity difference until the illumination intensity is at a similar level under observation, and then the surveying instrument is used for measurement; the method utilizes the calibration rod arranged on the surveying instrument to compare the actual length with the surveying and mapping data C, respectively forms a group of data sets with correlation with the data A and the data B in the surveying and mapping, utilizes the correlation function curve fitted by the data to estimate the interference amount of the air refractive index to the surveying and mapping numerical value, calculates the surveying and mapping data with higher precision, and utilizes the visible difference of the illumination intensity of the spot light on the calibration rod and the spot light on the spot light to avoid the air refraction interference under the severe air condition from exceeding the experience function of the fitted data, thereby improving the data accuracy of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method.
As an embodiment of the invention, the end of said groove 22 is provided with a key-shaped groove 221, the shape of the key-shaped groove 221 being perpendicular to the surface of the end block 2; the end of the shaft column 23 extends into the key-shaped groove 221, and the shaft column 23 is slidably mounted in the key-shaped groove 221 through a collar 231 arranged on the end of the shaft column in the circumferential direction; the collar 231 is provided with a tension spring 232 connected to the end of the key groove 221 in the direction toward the inside of the groove 22; the calibration rod needs to rotate and orient on a horizontal plane along with the surveying instrument in the using process, the calibration rod is bound on the surveying instrument through the elastic band and the shallow groove 21 on the end block 2, the fixing state of the elastic band on the surveying instrument can be reduced by frequent rotation of the end block 2, and the fixing precision of the calibration rod is further weakened; through the key-shaped groove 221 arranged at the end part of the groove 22, the tension spring 232 and the shaft collar 231 are matched, so that when the end block 2 rotates on the cylindrical surface of the clamped surveying instrument, the extension length of the elastic belt on the end block 2 changes, and a part of the elastic belt is offset through the sliding displacement of the shaft column 23 in the key-shaped groove 221, thereby reducing the sliding variation of the elastic belt in the rotation process of the calibration rod, maintaining the fixing effect of the calibration rod on the surveying instrument, and further stabilizing the data accuracy of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method.
As an embodiment of the invention, the end of the groove 22 is also provided with a rolling ring 222 that rotates, the rolling ring 222 protruding from the surface of the end block 2; an inclined elastic shifting sheet 223 is arranged on the aperture of the rolling ring 222, a convex tooth 233 is arranged on the surface of the shaft column 23 corresponding to the elastic shifting sheet 223, and the tip of the elastic shifting sheet 223 extends into a tooth gap of the convex tooth 233; in the rotating process of the end block 2 on the cylindrical surface of the surveying instrument, the coil spring in the shaft column 23 cannot apply corresponding rolling force to the elastic belt in a binding state, so that the elastic belts on two sides of the end block 2 are in different stretching states, wherein the excessively strained elastic belt can reduce the effective service life of the elastic belt, and the excessively relaxed elastic belt cannot play a binding effect on the end block 2 on the cylindrical surface of the surveying instrument; through the rolling ring 222 arranged at the end part of the groove 22, the elastic shifting piece 223 in the hole diameter of the rolling ring 222 is matched with the convex tooth 233 on the surface of the shaft column 23, so that the rolling ring 222 rotates on the cylindrical surface of the surveying and mapping instrument in the moving process of the end block 2, the rotation transmitted to the shaft column 23 through the elastic shifting piece 223 and the convex tooth 233 is matched with the stretching and shrinking changes of the elastic belts on the two sides of the end block 2, and the application stability of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a fixed stop piece 224 is further disposed on the port of the groove 22; the baffle sheet 224 exposes a narrow slit for the elastic belt to pass through at the port of the groove 22, and the narrow slit is positioned at the side of the groove 22 facing the shallow groove 21 on the end block 2; in the surveying and mapping site of municipal engineering, more impurity particle pollution is accompanied, and a precise transmission mechanism is arranged in the groove 22 of the end block 2, so that the normal use of the calibration rod can be interfered by the drift of the impurity particles; through setting up the separation blade 224 at the recess 22 port, with its inside space isolated, and the narrow slit that separation blade 224 formed on recess 22 for the position that the elastic band stretched out is laminated with the shallow slot 21 cambered surface of end block 2 mutually, has further strengthened the fixed effort of elastic band to end block 2, thereby has promoted the application effect of municipal works survey and drawing method.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a pair of transparent leveling liquid pipes 31 are further provided on the barrel 3, and the leveling liquid pipes 31 are fixed on the barrel 3 on the side of the end block 2 and are parallel to the axial direction of the barrel 3; in the municipal surveying and mapping process, the surveying and mapping instrument is maintained on a reference horizontal plane, which is a basic requirement for accurate surveying and mapping data, and the horizontal precision of the calibration rod is difficult to maintain only by depending on the clamping state of the arc-shaped shallow groove 21 on the end block 2 on the surveying and mapping instrument in the rotation process of adjustment of the calibration rod; through setting up at 3 ascending liquid pipes 31 of making level of a section of thick bamboo axial, cooperate with the appearance of making level among the surveying instrument, control calibration pole is adjusted to be in on the same horizontal reference face between the surveying instrument, and a pair of liquid pipe 31 of making level that sets up has increased visual scope, has improved the observation speed of making level to municipal works mapping method's practicality has been promoted.
The municipal engineering surveying and mapping supervision system is suitable for the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method and comprises a detector for detecting the refractive index of air, a data acquisition module, a data processing center and a field monitoring module; the detector is used for carrying out double measurement on the data of the interference factors in the surveying and mapping process and transmitting the acquired data to the data acquisition module; meanwhile, the field monitoring module is used for recording the surveying and mapping operation steps or inputting the surveying and mapping operation steps through a supervisor, so that the standardization of the surveying and mapping process operation is ensured; the data processing center performs fitting operation on the mapping data received in the data acquisition module, matches and stores the mapping data with operation record data in the field monitoring module and parameters in the detector, and is used for checking mapping work; through the data of the detector at the supervision end and the record of the field monitoring operation process, the traceability accuracy of the surveying and mapping data is improved, the double detection record of the detector on the air refractive index parameters is utilized, the effectiveness of the original data in the surveying and mapping method on improving the measurement precision is ensured, the step missing and the operation which is not in accordance with the standard in the surveying and mapping process are avoided, and the operation effect of the municipal engineering surveying and mapping supervision system is further stabilized.
When the calibration rod is used, the shallow groove 21 of the end block 2 is clamped on the cylindrical surface of a surveying instrument, and then the elastic band in the groove 22 is pulled out and bound on the circumferential direction of the surveying instrument, so that the calibration rod is fixed on the surveying instrument; the method comprises the steps that a set calibration rod is installed on a surveying and mapping instrument, the difference value between actual measurement data and theoretical data of planning and design is recorded in the surveying and mapping process, when the calibration rod is used, a spotlight on an end plate is started and is compared with the illumination intensity observed on a light display sheet in a light plate 1, the scattering condition of air in the environment where the calibration rod is located is judged, the surveying and mapping instrument is suspended to be used under the condition of visible illumination intensity difference until the illumination intensity is at a similar level under observation, and then the surveying and mapping instrument is used for measurement; the key-shaped groove 221 arranged at the end part of the groove 22 is matched with the tension spring 232 and the collar 231 in the groove, so that when the end block 2 rotates on the cylindrical surface of the clamped surveying instrument, the extension length of the elastic belt on the end block 2 changes, and a part of the elastic belt is offset by the sliding displacement of the shaft column 23 in the key-shaped groove 221, thereby reducing the sliding variation of the elastic belt in the rotation process of the calibration rod and maintaining the fixing effect of the calibration rod on the surveying instrument; the rolling ring 222 arranged at the end part of the groove 22 utilizes the elastic shifting piece 223 in the aperture of the rolling ring 222 to be matched with the convex tooth 233 on the surface of the shaft column 23, so that the rolling ring 222 rotates on the cylindrical surface of a surveying and mapping instrument in the moving process of the end block 2, and the rotation is transmitted to the shaft column 23 through the elastic shifting piece 223 and the convex tooth 233 and is matched with the extension and contraction change of elastic belts on two sides of the end block 2; the baffle sheet 224 arranged at the port of the groove 22 isolates the space inside the groove, and the baffle sheet 224 forms a narrow slit on the groove 22, so that the stretched position of the elastic band is attached to the cambered surface of the shallow groove 21 of the end block 2, and the fixing acting force of the elastic band on the end block 2 is further enhanced; the setting is at 3 ascending liquid pipes 31 of making level of a section of thick bamboo axial, cooperatees with the appearance of making level among the surveying instrument, and control calibration pole is adjusted to be in on the same horizontal reference face between the surveying instrument, and a pair of liquid pipes 31 of making level that set up has increased visual scope, has improved the observation speed of making level.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A municipal engineering surveying and mapping method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, positioning reference; selecting at least two finished municipal facilities near municipal works as datum points, taking two ends of the current municipal works area as positioning points, respectively measuring position data between the positioning points and the datum points, and recording a difference value between the position data and theoretical data of design planning as first data;
s2, secondary mapping; after 6h of measurement completion in S1, measuring the position data between the positioning point and the reference point in S1 again, and marking the difference value between the position data and the theoretical data of the design plan as B data;
s3, error measurement; in the measuring process of S1 and S2, recording air refractive index parameters of a surveying and mapping area, mounting a calibration rod on a surveying and mapping instrument, binding the calibration rod on the surveying and mapping instrument through an elastic band, adjusting the horizontal reference of the calibration rod through a leveling liquid pipe (31) for measurement, and recording the data difference between the surveying and mapping data and the extending length of the calibration rod as third data;
s4, data calibration: according to the air refractive index data recorded in the measuring process from S1 to S3, data fitting is carried out between the data and the data C to obtain a correlation function, and the data A and the data B are substituted into the correlation function again to obtain position data of higher-precision mapping;
the calibration rod in S3 comprises a rod body, a light plate (1) and an end block (2); both ends of the rod body are respectively provided with a light plate (1) and an end block (2); the rod body comprises a rod barrel (3) which is connected in a multi-stage sleeved mode, and a light plate (1) is fixed on the surface of the thin end of the rod barrel (3); the light panel (1) is provided with a key hole (11), and a light display is arranged in the key hole (11); an end block (2) is fixed on the surface of the thick end of the rod barrel (3), and an arc-shaped shallow groove (21) is formed in the surface, facing away from the rod body, of the end block (2); the surface of the end block (2) facing the light plate (1) is provided with a spotlight, and the spotlight corresponds to the position of the light-showing sheet in the keyhole (11); a pair of grooves (22) are formed in the surfaces of the end blocks (2) on the two sides of the shallow grooves (21), and a shaft column (23) is arranged in the center of each groove (22); the shaft column (23) is rotatably arranged in the groove (22) through a coil spring at the end part of the shaft column, and an elastic belt is wound on the shaft column (23).
2. The municipal engineering mapping method of claim 1, wherein; the end of the groove (22) is provided with a key-shaped groove (221), the shape of the key-shaped groove (221) is perpendicular to the surface of the end block (2); the end part of the shaft column (23) extends into the key-type groove (221), and the shaft column (23) is slidably installed in the key-type groove (221) through a shaft ring (231) arranged on the end part of the shaft column in the circumferential direction; the collar (231) is provided with a tension spring (232) in the direction towards the inside of the groove (22) connected to the end of the key groove (221).
3. The municipal engineering mapping method of claim 2, wherein: the end part of the groove (22) is also provided with a rotary rolling ring (222), and the rolling ring (222) protrudes out of the surface of the end block (2); an inclined elastic shifting sheet (223) is arranged on the aperture of the rolling ring (222), a convex tooth (233) is arranged on the surface of the shaft column (23) corresponding to the elastic shifting sheet (223), and the tip of the elastic shifting sheet (223) extends into a tooth gap of the convex tooth (233).
4. The municipal engineering mapping method of claim 3, wherein: a fixed stop piece (224) is also arranged on the port of the groove (22); the baffle sheet (224) exposes a narrow slit which is only used for the elastic belt to pass through at the port of the groove (22), and the narrow slit is positioned at the side of the groove (22) facing the shallow groove (21) on the end block (2).
5. The municipal engineering mapping method of claim 1, wherein: the rod barrel (3) is also provided with a pair of transparent leveling liquid pipes (31), and the leveling liquid pipes (31) are fixed on the rod barrel (3) at the side of the end block (2) and are parallel to the axial direction of the rod barrel (3).
6. The utility model provides a municipal works survey and drawing supervision system which characterized in that: the supervision system is suitable for the municipal engineering surveying and mapping method of any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises a detector for detecting the refractive index of air, a data acquisition module, a data processing center and an on-site monitoring module; the detector is used for carrying out double measurement on the data of the interference factors in the surveying and mapping process and transmitting the acquired data to the data acquisition module; meanwhile, the field monitoring module is used for recording the surveying and mapping operation steps or inputting the surveying and mapping operation steps through a supervisor, so that the standardization of the surveying and mapping process operation is ensured; and the data processing center performs fitting operation on the mapping data received in the data acquisition module, matches and stores the mapping data with operation record data in the field monitoring module and parameters in the detector, and is used for checking mapping work.
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