CN112178105A - Dynamic vibration absorber and using method thereof - Google Patents
Dynamic vibration absorber and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112178105A CN112178105A CN202010922023.3A CN202010922023A CN112178105A CN 112178105 A CN112178105 A CN 112178105A CN 202010922023 A CN202010922023 A CN 202010922023A CN 112178105 A CN112178105 A CN 112178105A
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- vibration absorber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
- F16F7/116—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on metal springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/1028—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia-producing means being a constituent part of the system which is to be damped
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic vibration absorber and a using method thereof, wherein the dynamic vibration absorber comprises: a base; the supporting plate is connected with an elastic piece with adjustable rigidity between the base and the supporting plate, and the supporting plate is provided with a mass block with adjustable weight. Therefore, through adjusting the elastic part and the mass block, the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber can be changed, in the NVH adjusting process of the vehicle, the same vibration frequency with the vibration component can be quickly and accurately adjusted, the frequency time for adjusting the dynamic vibration absorber can be saved, the application range of the dynamic vibration absorber can be enlarged, the tuning precision of the dynamic vibration absorber is high, the dynamic vibration absorber is not limited in a range, meanwhile, after the vibration component of the vehicle is adjusted, the dynamic vibration absorber is not limited by the limitation of the installation space of the dynamic vibration absorber on the real vehicle, and the dynamic vibration absorber can be installed on the vibration component.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicles, in particular to a dynamic vibration absorber and a using method of the dynamic vibration absorber.
Background
In the development and debugging process of NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness-Noise, Vibration and Harshness) of a vehicle, a narrow-band NVH problem can be generated, and due to the engineering conditions and the project node limitation, a dynamic Vibration absorber is required to be used for solving the problem.
In the prior art, the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber is fixed and unchangeable, and in the NVH adjusting process, the dynamic vibration absorber consistent with the problem frequency is difficult to select, and a large amount of time is wasted in the frequency adjustment of the dynamic vibration absorber. In addition, the dynamic vibration absorber can only eliminate the vibration peak value under specific frequency, and vibration absorbers with different frequencies need to be manufactured aiming at the vibration with different frequencies, so that the application range of the dynamic vibration absorber is limited.
In addition, most of the existing dynamic vibration absorbers are real vehicle vibration frequencies obtained through test tests, after frequency values are fed back to suppliers, the suppliers manufacture the dynamic vibration absorbers with the frequency values, and the dynamic vibration absorbers are installed on real vehicles by the host factories to absorb vibration. However, the structure and shape of the dynamic vibration absorber are only suitable for a specific structure of a vehicle component, such as a sub-frame. Once the vehicle components or arrangement are adjusted, the prior dynamic vibration absorbers are no longer suitable due to limitations in problem frequency, installation space, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic vibration absorber, which can quickly and accurately adjust the same vibration frequency as that of a vibration component during the NVH tuning of a vehicle, thereby saving the time for adjusting the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber and expanding the range of use of the dynamic vibration absorber, and the dynamic vibration absorber can be mounted on the vibration component after the vibration component of the vehicle is adjusted.
The invention further provides a using method of the dynamic vibration absorber.
The dynamic vibration absorber according to the present invention includes: a base; the base with be connected with rigidity adjustable elastic component between the backup pad, the backup pad is equipped with weight adjustable quality piece.
According to the dynamic vibration absorber provided by the invention, the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber can be changed by arranging the elastic element and the mass block, the vibration frequency which is the same as that of the resonance component can be quickly and accurately adjusted in the NVH adjustment process of a vehicle, so that the frequency time for adjusting the dynamic vibration absorber can be saved, the application range of the dynamic vibration absorber can be expanded, the tuning precision of the dynamic vibration absorber is high and is not limited in a range, and meanwhile, after the vibration component of the vehicle is adjusted, the dynamic vibration absorber is not limited by the limitation of the installation space of the dynamic vibration absorber on a real vehicle, and the dynamic vibration absorber can be ensured to be installed on the vibration component.
In some examples of the present invention, the elastic member includes a plurality of springs connected between the base and the support plate.
In some examples of the invention, the base is provided with a first connecting structure adapted to detachably connect with the spring; the first connecting structures are multiple, and the springs correspond to the first connecting structures one to one.
In some examples of the invention, the support plate is provided with a second connecting structure adapted to be detachably connected with the spring; the second connecting structures are multiple, and the springs correspond to the second connecting structures one to one.
In some examples of the present invention, the upper surface of the supporting plate is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, the mass block includes a plurality of sub-mass blocks, and the plurality of sub-mass blocks correspond to the plurality of mounting grooves one to one; the sub mass block is detachably arranged in the mounting groove.
In some examples of the present invention, the dynamic vibration absorber further includes: the base is provided with a sliding guide hole, and the connecting piece penetrates through the sliding guide hole and is suitable for being connected with parts of a vehicle.
According to the use method of the dynamic vibration absorber, the dynamic vibration absorber is the dynamic vibration absorber, and the use method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first vibration frequency and a mass parameter of a problem part of a vehicle; determining an expected total mass and an expected total stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber according to the first vibration frequency and the mass parameter; adjusting the total mass of the dynamic vibration absorber to the desired total mass and the total stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber to the desired total stiffness according to the desired total mass and the desired total stiffness; mounting the dynamic vibration absorber on the problematic component; and after the dynamic vibration absorber is arranged on the problem part, the NVH performance of the vehicle is checked.
According to the using method of the dynamic vibration absorber, in the NVH adjusting process of the vehicle, the vibration frequency which is the same as that of a problem part can be accurately adjusted, so that the time for changing the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber can be saved, the using range of the dynamic vibration absorber can be expanded, the tuning precision of the dynamic vibration absorber is high and is not limited in a range, and meanwhile, after the problem part of the vehicle is adjusted, the dynamic vibration absorber is not limited by the limit of the installation space of the dynamic vibration absorber on a real vehicle, and the dynamic vibration absorber can be ensured to be installed on the vibration part.
In some examples of the invention, the quality parameters include: the actual mass and mass ratio of the problematic parts.
In some examples of the present invention, after adjusting the total mass of the dynamic-vibration absorber to the expected total mass based on the expected total mass and the expected total stiffness and adjusting the total stiffness of the dynamic-vibration absorber to the expected total stiffness, testing a second vibration frequency of the dynamic-vibration absorber and determining whether the first vibration frequency is equal to the second vibration frequency, and if so, mounting the dynamic-vibration absorber on the problem part; if not, adjusting the total mass and the total rigidity of the dynamic vibration absorber to make the first vibration frequency equal to the second vibration frequency.
In some examples of the present invention, mounting the dynamic vibration absorber on the problematic component includes: and detecting whether the vibration reduction effect of the dynamic vibration absorber meets the design requirement, when the vibration reduction effect of the dynamic vibration absorber meets the design requirement, selecting the mass block and the elastic element with proper sizes according to the installation position and the installation space of the problem part, and replacing the elastic element with a rubber element meeting the expected total rigidity.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is an exploded view of a dynamic vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of the dynamic vibration absorber according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of using the dynamic vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a peak of the vehicle acceleration seat shake problem according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of measured frequencies of a dynamic vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram comparing peak values of seat vibration of the dynamic-vibration absorber mounted on the vehicle and the dynamic-vibration absorber not mounted on the vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic vibration absorber in cooperation with problematic parts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a dynamic vibration absorber 10;
a base 20; a first connecting structure 21; a mounting groove 22;
a support plate 30;
a mass block 40; a sub mass block 401;
an elastic member 50; a slide guide hole 60; a connecting member 70.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
A dynamic vibration absorber 10 according to an embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the dynamic vibration absorber 10 according to the embodiment of the invention includes: a base 20 and a support plate 30. The base 20 and the support plate 30 are connected to each other by an elastic member 50 with adjustable rigidity, it is also understood that the elastic member 50 is installed between the base 20 and the support plate 30, the elastic member 50 may be a spring 50, or may be another elastic substance, and the support plate 30 is provided with a mass block 40 with adjustable weight, that is, the mass block 40 is disposed on the support plate 30.
When the dynamic vibration absorber 10 is attached to a vibration member of a vehicle, the vibration force generated by the dynamic vibration absorber 10 and the vibration of the frequency generated by the vibration member cancel each other out. The stiffness of the elastic element 50 is adjustable, the weight of the mass block 40 is adjustable, and the mass and stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be changed by adjusting the weight of the mass block 40 and the stiffness of the elastic element 50, so that the dynamic vibration absorber 10 with various frequencies can be adjusted. In the NVH tuning process of the vehicle, according to the vibration frequency of the vibration component, the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can simply, quickly and accurately adjust the vibration frequency the same as that of the vibration component, so that the time for changing the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be saved, and the NVH problem tuning and verification can be efficiently performed. Further, the dynamic vibration reducer 10 is high in tuning accuracy, is not limited to a single range, and the dynamic vibration reducer 10 can be adapted to cancel out vibrations of different vibration members by changing the frequency of the dynamic vibration reducer 10, so that the dynamic vibration reducer 10 can be used in a wider range than the prior art, and the dynamic vibration reducer 10 can be used in a wider range, so that the versatility of the dynamic vibration reducer 10 can be improved. Meanwhile, after the vibration component of the vehicle is adjusted, the material and the shape of the elastic element 50 and the material and the shape of the mass block 40 can be flexibly selected according to the installation space of the position of the vibration component of the real vehicle, so that the dynamic vibration absorber 10 is not limited by the installation space of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 on the real vehicle, the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be ensured to be installed on the vibration component, and the NVH problem of the narrow frequency band of the vehicle can be solved.
Therefore, through the arrangement of the elastic element 50 and the mass block 40, the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be changed, in the NVH adjustment process of the vehicle, the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can quickly and accurately adjust the vibration frequency identical to that of the resonant component, so that the frequency time for adjusting the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be saved, the application range of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be enlarged, the tuning precision of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 is high and is not limited in a range, and meanwhile, after the vibration component of the vehicle is adjusted, the dynamic vibration absorber 10 is not limited by the installation space limitation of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 on the real vehicle, and the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be ensured to be installed on the vibration component.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the elastic member 50 may include a plurality of springs 50, and the plurality of springs 50 are connected between the base 20 and the supporting plate 30, it should be noted that at least two springs 50 of the plurality of springs 50 have different stiffness, and the stiffness of the plurality of springs 50 may also be the same. The stiffness of the springs 50 determines the overall stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber 10, and the dynamic vibration absorber 10 with different stiffness can be adjusted by freely combining any spring 50 of the plurality of springs 50, so that the effect of changing the stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be realized, and the working performance of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the base 20 may be provided with a first connecting structure 21, the first connecting structure 21 is adapted to be detachably connected to the springs 50, and it is also understood that the plurality of springs 50 are detachably connected to the first connecting structure 21, the number of the first connecting structures 21 is plural, the plurality of springs 50 and the plurality of first connecting structures 21 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, each spring 50 has a corresponding first connecting structure 21 connected thereto, such arrangement can change the number of the springs 50 connected between the base 20 and the supporting plate 30, thereby implementing stiffness adjustment of the dynamic vibration absorber 10, so that the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be adjusted to an appropriate stiffness more conveniently and quickly, and further the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be changed by different stiffnesses.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the supporting plate 30 may be provided with a second connecting structure, the second connecting structure is adapted to be detachably connected to the spring 50, the second connecting structure 31 may be provided in plural, and the plural springs 50 and the plural second connecting structures 31 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the number of the connections of the springs 50 between the base 20 and the supporting plate 30 can be changed, and the stiffness adjustment of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be realized, so that the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be adjusted to an appropriate stiffness more conveniently and quickly, the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be changed by different stiffnesses, and the springs 50 and the supporting plate 30 can also be connected together.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the upper surface of the supporting plate 30 may be provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 22, the mass block 40 may include a plurality of sub-mass blocks 401, the plurality of sub-mass blocks 401 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of mounting grooves 22, it is also understood that one sub-mass block 401 is disposed in one mounting groove 22, the masses of at least two sub-mass blocks 401 in the plurality of sub-mass blocks 401 are different, and the masses of the plurality of sub-mass blocks 401 may also be the same. Preferably, the masses of the plurality of sub-masses 401 are different. The sub-mass blocks 401 are detachably arranged in the mounting grooves 22, so that the sub-mass blocks 401 can be detached, wherein the mass of the accurate dynamic vibration absorber 10 can be quickly adjusted through the combination of the sub-mass blocks 401 with different masses and different quantities according to the vibration frequency of the vibration parts on the vehicle, and the dynamic vibration absorber 10 with various frequencies can be adjusted.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dynamic-vibration absorber 10 may further include: the coupling member 70, the base 20 may be provided with a slide guide hole 60, the slide guide hole 60 may penetrate the base 20 in a thickness direction of the base 20, the slide guide hole 60 may be configured as an elongated circular hole, and the coupling member 70 may be adapted to be coupled to a component (vibration member) of a vehicle after penetrating the slide guide hole 60. Wherein, the connecting piece 70 is taken as the main connecting part of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 and the vehicle, preferably, the connecting piece 70 is a bolt 70, the bolt 70 can reliably connect the dynamic vibration absorber 10 and the vibration part of the vehicle together, and, slide in the sliding guide hole 60 through the connecting piece 70, can assemble the dynamic vibration absorber 10 on the parts of the vehicle at different positions, can make the installation of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 not limited to the motorcycle type, make the application of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 more extensive, it is also more convenient and fast, the problem that the installation space of many motorcycle types in the prior art is not enough to cause the dynamic vibration absorber 10 to assemble difficultly is solved.
It should be noted that the present application adjusts the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 by adjusting the mass of the mass block 40 and the stiffness of the elastic member 50, as shown in fig. 1, specifically, the dynamic vibration absorber 10 includes: base 20, spring 50, first connection structure 21, second connection structure, mass 40, mounting groove 22, slide guide hole 60, and bolt 70. Wherein six spring 50 fixing points (the first connecting structure 21, the second connecting structure) are respectively arranged on the base 20 and the supporting plate 30, the base 20 and the supporting plate 30 are connected together by the six springs 50, and the stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 is adjusted by combining the springs 50 with different stiffness and combining the springs 50 with different numbers. The support plate 30 is provided with six mounting grooves 22 for mounting the sub mass blocks 401, and the mass of the dynamic vibration absorber 10 is adjusted by combining different masses and different numbers of sub mass blocks 401, so that the dynamic vibration absorber 10 with various frequencies can be adjusted, the dynamic vibration absorber can be directly adjusted and selected according to different vibration frequencies, and the NVH problem of the vehicle can be simply, directly and efficiently adjusted and verified.
According to the method for using the dynamic vibration absorber of the embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic vibration absorber may be the dynamic vibration absorber of the above-mentioned embodiment, and the method for using is shown in fig. 3, and the method for using includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring a first vibration frequency and a mass parameter of a problem part (the vibration part) of the vehicle;
s2, determining the expected total mass and the expected total rigidity of the dynamic vibration absorber according to the first vibration frequency and the mass parameter;
s3, adjusting the total mass of the dynamic vibration absorber to the expected total mass according to the expected total mass and the expected total stiffness, and adjusting the total stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber to the expected total stiffness;
and S4, mounting the dynamic vibration absorber on the problem part.
And S5, after the dynamic vibration absorber is installed on the problem part, testing the NVH performance of the vehicle.
It should be noted that the basic principle of the dynamic vibration absorber is to arrange the dynamic vibration absorber on the problem component, so that the phase difference between the vibration force generated by the dynamic vibration absorber and the vibration exciting force of the problem component is 180 °, and the vibration of the frequency of the problem component is counteracted by the force generated by the motion of the dynamic vibration absorber.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, let m be1Mass of the component in question, m2Representing the mass, x, of the dynamic vibration absorber1And x2Respectively, the displacement, k, of the problem part and the dynamic vibration absorber1And k2Respectively the stiffness of the problem part and the dynamic vibration absorber, F0sin ω t is a simple harmonic external force of forced vibration, and the dynamic equation of the dynamic vibration absorption system can be written as follows:
converting the formula (1) into a matrix form
Let x1＝A1 sinωt，x2＝A2sin ω t, belt-in type (2)
The amplitude A of the main vibration system and the dynamic vibration absorber can be obtained1、A2Are respectively as
Since the amplitude represents the vibration intensity, if the problem component is to be damped, the amplitude should be reduced. According to the formula (3), when k is2-m2ω2When the value is equal to 0
When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,that is, when the external excitation frequency is equal to the natural frequency of the vibration absorber, the amplitude of the main system is A1＝0。
The core of tuning the dynamic vibration absorber is to make its frequency coincide with the problem frequency. How to quickly determine the correct frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber by adjusting the mass and the rigidity of the dynamic vibration absorber is the key for solving the problem. A first vibration frequency and mass parameter of the problematic component of the vehicle are obtained first. And determining the expected total mass and the expected total rigidity of the dynamic vibration absorber according to the first vibration frequency and the mass parameter. The total mass of the dynamic-vibration absorber is then adjusted to the desired total mass and the total stiffness of the dynamic-vibration absorber is adjusted to the desired total stiffness according to the desired total mass and the desired total stiffness. And finally, mounting the dynamic vibration absorber on the problem part. The dynamic vibration absorber can adjust the rigidity and the mass of the dynamic vibration absorber to the expected total mass and the expected total rigidity, the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber can be changed, the vibration frequency which is the same as that of the vibration part can be quickly and accurately adjusted in the NVH adjusting process of a vehicle, the frequency time for adjusting the dynamic vibration absorber can be saved, the use range of the dynamic vibration absorber can be expanded, the tuning precision of the dynamic vibration absorber is high and is not limited in a range, meanwhile, after the vibration part of the vehicle is adjusted, the dynamic vibration absorber is not limited by the limitation of the installation space of the dynamic vibration absorber on a real vehicle, the dynamic vibration absorber can be ensured to be installed on the vibration part, and the NVH problem of the narrow frequency band of the vehicle can be solved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the quality parameters may include: actual mass of the problem part, and mass ratio, μ ═ expected total mass/actual mass of the problem part, mass ratio greater than 0.1, by the formula: the expected total mass can be calculated as μ ═ the expected total mass/the actual mass of the problem part, and the value of the expected total mass is calculated by the formula
The first vibration frequency, the expected total mass, the expected total stiffness and the expected total mass can be calculated, and then the dynamic vibration absorber of the above embodiment is adjusted to the expected total stiffness and the expected total massThe expected total mass is set in such a way that the expected total mass and the expected total stiffness can be obtained, so that the dynamic vibration absorber can be accurately adjusted to the expected total mass and the expected total stiffness.
In some embodiments of the present invention, after adjusting the total mass of the dynamic vibration absorber to the expected total mass according to the expected total mass and the expected total stiffness, and adjusting the total stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber to the expected total stiffness, the second vibration frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber is tested by using the hammer mode method, and whether the first vibration frequency is equal to the second vibration frequency is determined, if yes, the dynamic vibration absorber is mounted on the problem component. If not, namely the first vibration frequency is not equal to the second vibration frequency, adjusting the total mass and the total rigidity of the dynamic vibration absorber to enable the first vibration frequency to be equal to the second vibration frequency. The setting can judge whether the frequency of dynamic vibration absorber accords with the requirement of problem spare part through judging whether first vibration frequency and second vibration frequency equal like this, if wait can make the adjustment to dynamic vibration absorber again, until first vibration frequency and second vibration frequency equal, then install dynamic vibration absorber on problem spare part. This arrangement can improve the accuracy of tuning.
In some embodiments of the present invention, mounting the dynamic vibration absorber on the problematic component may include: whether the vibration reduction effect of the dynamic vibration absorber meets the design requirement is detected, when the vibration reduction effect of the dynamic vibration absorber meets the design requirement, a mass block and an elastic piece with proper sizes are selected according to the installation position and the installation space of the problem part, the elastic piece is replaced by a rubber piece meeting the expected total rigidity, the mass block (an iron block) is fixed on the rubber piece, and the rubber piece is fixed on the base.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the NVH performance of the vehicle is verified after the dynamic vibration absorber is mounted on the problematic component. Whether the dynamic vibration absorber successfully solves the NVH performance problem of the vehicle is judged through final inspection, errors are prevented from occurring in the testing process, and the NVH performance problem of the vehicle is better solved.
Specifically, as an example, the use method of the dynamic vibration absorber described above includes the steps of:
s501: obtaining a first vibration frequency and a mass parameter of a problem part of a real vehicle, such as a first vibration frequency omega of an auxiliary frame or a steering wheel and the like, through an experimental test1And estimating the amplitude F of the exciting forceASelecting proper spring combination, determining proper stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber to enable the vibration amplitude of the dynamic vibration absorber to be a reasonable value allowed by space, and enabling the spring to be capable of bearing fatigue stress under the vibration amplitude;
s502: mass m of the component part according to the problem1And mass ratio (μ ═ m)2/m1> 0.1), the total mass m of the suitable dynamic vibration absorber is selected2；
S503: by passing
And omega1、m2To obtain the total stiffness k2；
S504: the dynamic vibration absorber adopting the embodiment combines different total masses and total stiffness, so that the total masses and the total stiffness meet m2、k2；
S505: testing the natural frequency omega of the dynamic vibration absorber by adopting a hammering mode method2；
S506: if omega1≠ω2Then, the combination of the mass and the spring is adjusted so that ω is2＝ω1；
S507: fixing the adjusted dynamic vibration absorber on the problem part, and verifying whether the effect of the problem part meets the design requirement through NVH (noise vibration and harshness) test;
s508: when the requirements are met, selecting an iron block with a proper size according to the installation positions and installation spaces of parts with different problems, so that the mass of the iron block meets the adjusted m2Selecting rubber with proper rigidity to ensure that the rigidity of the rubber meets the adjusted k2；
S509: and (4) fixing the iron block in the step (S508) on rubber, fixing the dynamic vibration absorber on the problematic part on a fixed base at the bottom of the rubber, and assembling and verifying the dynamic vibration absorber along with a real vehicle.
Wherein μ is too smallI.e. m2Too light weight causes the amplitude of the problematic component to be difficult to approach 0, and too small μ, i.e., too heavy m2, causes the total weight of the dynamic vibration absorber fixed on the real vehicle to be too large, which does not meet the requirement of light weight vehicle manufacturing, so that a value of μ greater than 0.1 can be more appropriate, the amplitude of the problematic component can approach 0, and the total weight of the dynamic vibration absorber fixed on the real vehicle can be avoided to be too large.
Further, as shown in fig. 4-6, a dynamic vibration absorber is added on the floor of a certain vehicle.
When a certain vehicle model is accelerated by a three-gear slow accelerator and a full accelerator at 1590rpm, the seat in the vehicle feels obvious shaking. It was investigated that 39Hz vibration caused by the 1.5 th order of the three cylinder engine excited the floor structure to resonate, resulting in seat shake. After the dynamic vibration absorber with the combined mass of 3.6kg, the combined rigidity of 5.8N/mm and the resonant frequency of 39Hz is installed at the floor resonance position in a test way, the vibration of the seat in the vehicle is obviously improved.
The matching method of the dynamic vibration absorber comprises the following steps:
(a) confirming that the peak value of the problem exists in 1590RPM through NVH investigation test, and setting the frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber according to a calculation formula of Freq (RPM)/60 (Order), and the central frequency of the problem (1590 RPM/60 (1.5) to 39.75Hz (the three-cylinder machine problem Order is 1.5 orders);
(b) the combined mass and the combined rigidity of the dynamic vibration absorber are determined through calculation, the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber is tested by adopting a hammering method after the combination is finished, and finally the dynamic vibration absorber with the natural frequency of 39Hz is obtained through debugging;
(c) the adjustment and modification effect verification is performed on the real vehicle floor where the matched dynamic vibration absorber is installed, the total weight and the total rigidity of the dynamic vibration absorber are adjusted according to the real vehicle state until the optimal mass and the optimal rigidity are adjusted according to the optimal effect of solving the real vehicle shaking problem, and the shaking comparison result of the front seat and the rear seat where the dynamic vibration absorber is installed is obtained as shown in fig. 6. In fig. 6, the curve with the high peak is the vibration curve of the front seat to which the dynamic vibration reducer is attached, and the curve with the low peak is the vibration curve of the rear seat to which the dynamic vibration reducer is attached.
(d) And finally, manufacturing the dynamic vibration absorber meeting the requirement of mass production according to the actual installation space of the real vehicle and the quality and rigidity obtained by test matching.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A dynamic vibration absorber, comprising:
a base;
the base with be connected with rigidity adjustable elastic component between the backup pad, the backup pad is equipped with weight adjustable quality piece.
2. The dynamic vibration absorber of claim 1 wherein said elastic member comprises a plurality of springs, a plurality of said springs being connected between a base and said support plate.
3. The dynamic vibration absorber of claim 2 wherein said base is provided with a first attachment structure adapted for removable attachment to said spring;
the first connecting structures are multiple, and the springs correspond to the first connecting structures one to one.
4. The dynamic vibration absorber of claim 2 wherein said support plate is provided with a second attachment structure adapted to removably attach to said spring;
the second connecting structures are multiple, and the springs correspond to the second connecting structures one to one.
5. The dynamic vibration absorber of claim 1 wherein said support plate has an upper surface provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, said mass comprising a plurality of sub-masses, a plurality of said sub-masses corresponding one-to-one to a plurality of said mounting grooves; the sub mass block is detachably arranged in the mounting groove.
6. The dynamic vibration absorber of claim 1 further comprising: the base is provided with a sliding guide hole, and the connecting piece penetrates through the sliding guide hole and is suitable for being connected with parts of a vehicle.
7. A method of using a dynamic-vibration absorber according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the method of using comprises the steps of:
acquiring a first vibration frequency and a mass parameter of a problem part of a vehicle;
determining an expected total mass and an expected total stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber according to the first vibration frequency and the mass parameter;
adjusting the total mass of the dynamic vibration absorber to the desired total mass and the total stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber to the desired total stiffness according to the desired total mass and the desired total stiffness;
mounting the dynamic vibration absorber on the problematic component;
and after the dynamic vibration absorber is arranged on the problem part, the NVH performance of the vehicle is checked.
8. The method of using a dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 7 wherein said mass parameters include: the actual mass and mass ratio of the problematic parts.
9. The method for using a dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 7, wherein said adjusting the total mass of the dynamic vibration absorber to said desired total mass based on said desired total mass and said desired total stiffness and adjusting the total stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber to said desired total stiffness are followed by testing a second vibration frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber and determining whether said first vibration frequency is equal to said second vibration frequency,
if yes, mounting the dynamic vibration absorber on the problem part;
if not, adjusting the total mass and the total rigidity of the dynamic vibration absorber to make the first vibration frequency equal to the second vibration frequency.
10. The method of using the dynamic-vibration absorber according to claim 9, wherein mounting the dynamic-vibration absorber on the problematic component comprises: detecting whether the vibration reduction effect of the dynamic vibration absorber meets the design requirement,
and when the vibration reduction effect of the dynamic vibration absorber is detected to meet the design requirement, selecting the mass block and the elastic element with proper sizes according to the installation position and the installation space of the problem part, and replacing the elastic element with a rubber element meeting the expected total rigidity.
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