CN112177690A - Novel self-adjusting spring type vapor seal - Google Patents
Novel self-adjusting spring type vapor seal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112177690A CN112177690A CN201910594256.2A CN201910594256A CN112177690A CN 112177690 A CN112177690 A CN 112177690A CN 201910594256 A CN201910594256 A CN 201910594256A CN 112177690 A CN112177690 A CN 112177690A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- elastic sheet
- sheet
- movable inclined
- inclined elastic
- rotor
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/10—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
- F01D11/16—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing by self-adjusting means
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel self-adjusting spring type steam seal, which belongs to the technical field of steam turbines, wherein a steam seal body is provided with movable inclined elastic sheets and a sheet pressing block which are overlapped in a mutual dislocation mode, each movable inclined elastic sheet is combined in an inclined mode at a certain angle, one side of the sheet pressing block is provided with a sheet embedding groove of each movable inclined elastic sheet, the movable inclined elastic sheets are matched with the sheet embedding grooves, one end of each movable inclined elastic sheet is overlapped and riveted in the sheet embedding groove, sheet angle supporting teeth at the bottom of the steam seal body are matched with a rotor, and the inner circumference of each movable inclined elastic sheet is matched with the outer diameter of the rotor. The novel sealing device is reasonable in structural design, and can greatly improve the sealing performance and meet the problem of difficulty in safe operation of a unit. The defects of the prior art are overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam turbines, in particular to a novel self-adjusting spring type steam seal.
Background
The steam turbine is a large-scale and precise thermal power conversion power machine rotating at a high speed. Certain axial and radial gaps must be reserved between the static bodies such as the cylinder and the partition plate and the rotating bodies such as the main shaft and the blades so as to prevent the dynamic and static parts of the unit from being rubbed during working. In order to reduce steam leakage of the steam seal gap, a steam seal device must be arranged, and the steam seal gap is in a standard range and tends to the minimum value on the premise of ensuring no dynamic and static friction. Therefore, the steam leakage loss between each stage and each cylinder of the multi-stage steam turbine can be reduced, and the heat efficiency of the unit is improved.
In various losses of the steam turbine heat-work conversion, steam seal leakage loss occupies a large proportion, and has important influence on the heat-work conversion efficiency of the steam turbine. The technical theory of the steam turbine is improved day by day for more than one hundred years, the efficiency in the steam turbine is unrealistic on the basis of the existing technical theory, manufacturing process and application materials of the steam turbine, but the purpose of reducing steam leakage is achieved by reducing the clearance between a steam seal and a rotor in a dynamic and static fit of the steam turbine, the main way of improving the operation efficiency of the steam turbine is provided, and meanwhile, the improvement cost is far lower than that of through-flow improvement, particularly for modern high-capacity and high-parameter steam turbines, and the influence of the clearance steam leakage on the efficiency of the steam turbine is larger. Taking a domestic introduced MW300 unit as an example, the actual running clearance of the high and medium pressure middle steam seal is more than 0.8mm, and according to the data measured by experiments, the heat consumption of the unit is increased by more than 60kJ/kWh through the steam leakage loss caused by the steam leakage of the steam seal, and the heat consumption is reduced to more than 2 g of standard coal. Therefore, the reduction of gland seal clearance steam leakage is of great importance to the improvement of the efficiency of the steam turbine. However, the steam turbine is a high-speed rotating machine, and reduces the leakage of the through-flow gap (i.e. steam seal leakage) while considering the safety of dynamic and static collision and abrasion of the unit. The steam seal is a transition part between a moving part and a static part of the steam turbine, and the moving part and the static part of the steam turbine are easy to be directly rubbed and collided due to the fault of a steam seal body to damage a large shaft of the steam turbine, so that a permanent bending major accident of the large shaft is caused in serious cases. Although the reasons for unsmooth starting of the unit in operation and even major accidents of the bent shaft can be various, the root cause reflected by the result is caused by the collision of the moving and the static, and the accident is reflected by the problem of the moving and the static clearance. Taking a MW200 unit as an example, the bent shaft phenomenon happens sometimes in the early stage of 80 years, aiming at the bent shaft phenomenon of the MW200 unit, the power plant is required in the following of the original energy department of 90 years, and the steam seal gap of the front shaft seal part of the MW200 unit is adjusted to be 1-1.2mm, so that the economical efficiency of the unit is sacrificed to ensure the safety.
The steam seal has double responsibility of safety and economy, so people always seek a new steam seal structure type to solve the problem of long-term trouble of professional steam turbine personnel, namely the problem of greatly improving the sealing performance and meeting the requirement of safe operation of a unit. Therefore, the research, popularization and application of the efficient and safe steam turbine steam seal are always the targets pursued by steam turbine experts, and are also the targets pursued by various steam turbine manufacturers and various power plants.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel self-adjusting spring type gland seal which can avoid a large working gap from being maintained before the steam turbine set does not normally operate, and can reduce a sealing gap along with an increase in the set pressure after the steam turbine set normally operates.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the invention is operated, each movable inclined elastic sheet is embedded on the sheet pressing block in a mutually overlapping mode (such as a tile mode) and is riveted and fixed; the self-adjusting movable inclined elastic sheet type steam seal reserves a larger safe operation gap when the unit is installed, and ensures the stable operation of the unit when the unit is started; when various indexes of the unit tend to stably operate, the air inlet pressure of the steam turbine is increased, a pressure difference is formed in front of and behind the steam seal elastic sheet, the pressure can push the elastic sheet to change the angle, and the gap between the elastic sheet and the rotor is changed from a large gap to a small gap due to the change of the angle of the elastic sheet. The elastic sheet of the steam seal can automatically adjust the clearance between the steam turbine rotor or the rotor movable blade according to the pressure difference value between the steam seal tooth stages of each stage, when the unit stops running, the pressure difference value between the steam seal tooth stages is continuously reduced, when a certain fixed design value is reached, the movable inclined elastic sheet can automatically return to the original initial state with a larger clearance between the movable inclined elastic sheet and the steam turbine rotor or the rotor movable blade, and the collision and abrasion between the movable inclined elastic sheet of the steam seal and a shaft neck can be avoided.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a novel self-adjusting spring type steam seal is characterized by comprising a steam seal body, a movable inclined elastic sheet, a sheet pressing block and sheet angle supporting teeth on the pressing block; the gland sealing body on be equipped with the activity slope elastic sheet of mutual dislocation overlapping mode combination, through the thin slice briquetting will activity slope elastic sheet is fixed, and the channel of rethread gland sealing body will thin slice briquetting is fixed with the gland sealing body, works as when the activity slope elastic sheet produces pressure differential about, the one end air current that pressure is big promotes activity slope elastic sheet produces the angle slope, works as and inclines to the thin slice briquetting during thin slice angle supports the tooth, activity slope elastic sheet is fixed, at last passes through the clearance closure that activity slope elastic sheet and rotor were reached in the angle change of activity slope elastic sheet constitutes a novel self-adjusting spring type gland sealing.
Furthermore, the steam seal body is provided with movable inclined elastic sheets which are combined in a mutual staggered and overlapped mode, the movable inclined elastic sheets are fixed through the sheet pressing blocks, and the sheet pressing blocks are fixed with the steam seal body through the channels of the steam seal body.
Further, when the activity slope elastic sheet produces pressure differential about, the one end air current that pressure is big promotes activity slope elastic sheet produces the angle slope, when inclining to during the thin slice angle support tooth of thin slice briquetting, activity slope elastic sheet is fixed, at this moment the clearance of activity slope elastic sheet and rotor becomes little clearance along with the change of angle, big clearance protection activity slope elastic sheet is not bumped by the rotor and is ground, when reaching little clearance, rotor stability reinforcing also can not with activity slope elastic sheet produces and bumps the mill, final closed gap.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention discloses a novel self-adjusting spring type steam seal which can avoid a larger working gap from being kept before a steam turbine set does not normally operate, and can reduce a sealing gap along with the increase of the pressure of the steam turbine set after the steam turbine set normally operates.
The novel sealing device is reasonable in structural design, and can greatly improve the sealing performance and meet the problem of difficulty in safe operation of a unit.
Drawings
For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the inactive state of the actively ramped elastomeric sheet;
in the figure: the steam seal comprises a steam seal body 1, a sheet pressing block 2, a movable inclined elastic sheet 3, sheet angle supporting teeth 4, a sheet embedding groove 5 and a rotor 6.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood by the following description of embodiments thereof, but the applicant's specific embodiments are not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments shown, and any changes in the definition of parts or features and/or in the overall structure, not essential changes, are intended to define the scope of the invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: the steam seal comprises a steam seal body 1, a sheet pressing block 2, a movable inclined elastic sheet 3, a sheet angle supporting tooth 4, a sheet embedding groove 5 and a rotor 6; the steam seal body 1 on be equipped with the activity slope elastic sheet and the thin slice briquetting 2 that are equipped with two rings and make up with mutual dislocation overlap mode, one side of thin slice briquetting 2 is equipped with the thin slice and inlays recess 5, the activity slope elastic sheet 3 is inlayed recess 5 with the thin slice and is mutually supported, and the one end of activity slope elastic sheet 3 is overlapped each other and is riveted in the thin slice is inlayed recess 5, the thin slice angle support tooth 4 and the rotor 6 of steam seal body 1 bottom are mutually supported, the interior circumference of activity slope elastic sheet 3 is mutually supported with the external diameter of rotor 6.
When the specific embodiment is operated, each movable inclined elastic sheet is embedded on the sheet pressing block in a mutually overlapped mode (such as a tile mode) and is riveted and fixed; the self-adjusting movable inclined elastic sheet type steam seal reserves a larger safe operation gap when the unit is installed, and ensures the stable operation of the unit when the unit is started; when each index of the unit tends to stable operation, the elastic sheet of the steam seal can automatically adjust the clearance between the steam turbine rotor or the rotor movable blade according to the differential pressure value between each stage of steam seal tooth stage, and after the movable inclined elastic sheet is automatically adjusted to a certain angle design value, the movable inclined elastic sheet can be fixed, so that the clearance between the movable blade and the steam seal minimum movable blade can be kept. When the unit stops running, the differential pressure value between the steam seal teeth is continuously reduced, and when a certain fixed design value is reached, the movable inclined elastic sheet can automatically return to the original initial state with a larger gap between the movable blade and the steam turbine rotor or rotor blade, so that the steam seal movable inclined elastic sheet can be prevented from being rubbed with the shaft neck.
The sealing device has reasonable structural design, can greatly improve the sealing performance and can also solve the problem of the safety operation of the unit. The implementation of the novel self-adjusting spring type steam seal is completed.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it is therefore intended that all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention be considered as within the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. A novel self-adjusting spring type steam seal is characterized by comprising a steam seal body, a movable inclined elastic sheet, a sheet pressing block and sheet angle supporting teeth on the pressing block; the gland sealing body on be equipped with the activity slope elastic sheet of mutual dislocation overlapping mode combination, through the thin slice briquetting will activity slope elastic sheet is fixed, and the channel of rethread gland sealing body will thin slice briquetting is fixed with the gland sealing body, works as when the activity slope elastic sheet produces pressure differential about, the one end air current that pressure is big promotes activity slope elastic sheet produces the angle slope, works as and inclines to the thin slice briquetting during thin slice angle supports the tooth, activity slope elastic sheet is fixed, at last passes through the clearance closure that activity slope elastic sheet and rotor were reached in the angle change of activity slope elastic sheet constitutes a novel self-adjusting spring type gland sealing.
2. The novel self-adjusting spring type gland seal according to claim 1, wherein the gland seal body is provided with movable inclined elastic sheets which are combined in a mutually staggered and overlapped mode, the movable inclined elastic sheets are fixed through the sheet pressing block, and the sheet pressing block is fixed with the gland seal body through a channel of the gland seal body.
3. The novel self-adjusting spring type steam seal according to claim 2, wherein when a pressure difference is generated between the left side and the right side of the movable inclined elastic sheet, an end airflow with a large pressure pushes the movable inclined elastic sheet to generate an angle inclination, when the movable inclined elastic sheet is inclined to the sheet angle supporting teeth of the sheet pressing block, the movable inclined elastic sheet is fixed, at this time, the gap between the movable inclined elastic sheet and the rotor changes from a large gap to a small gap along with the change of the angle, the large gap protects the movable inclined elastic sheet from being rubbed by the rotor, and when the small gap is reached, the stability of the rotor is enhanced, and the gap is not rubbed with the movable inclined elastic sheet, so that the gap is finally closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910594256.2A CN112177690A (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Novel self-adjusting spring type vapor seal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910594256.2A CN112177690A (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Novel self-adjusting spring type vapor seal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112177690A true CN112177690A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910594256.2A Pending CN112177690A (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Novel self-adjusting spring type vapor seal |
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| CN (1) | CN112177690A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114033503A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 国网河北能源技术服务有限公司 | Sealing structure for turbine blade top gap |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201778841U (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-03-30 | 杭州华电半山发电有限公司 | Axial slanting brush type vapor seal ring |
| KR20150144626A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-28 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Brush seal assembly |
| CN106703900A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-24 | 广州市智伟电力科技开发有限公司 | Novel self-adjustment spring type steam seal |
| CN111005772A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-14 | 安徽节源环保科技有限公司 | Servo suspension tooth brush type steam seal of steam turbine unit |
-
2019
- 2019-07-03 CN CN201910594256.2A patent/CN112177690A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201778841U (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-03-30 | 杭州华电半山发电有限公司 | Axial slanting brush type vapor seal ring |
| KR20150144626A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-28 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Brush seal assembly |
| CN106703900A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-24 | 广州市智伟电力科技开发有限公司 | Novel self-adjustment spring type steam seal |
| CN111005772A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-14 | 安徽节源环保科技有限公司 | Servo suspension tooth brush type steam seal of steam turbine unit |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114033503A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 国网河北能源技术服务有限公司 | Sealing structure for turbine blade top gap |
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Application publication date: 20210105 |