CN112177650A

CN112177650A - Anchor rod assembly

Info

Publication number: CN112177650A
Application number: CN202011243404.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵东平; 温斯逊
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-11-09
Filing date: 2020-11-09
Publication date: 2021-01-05

Abstract

The application provides an anchor rod assembly, and relates to the technical field of rock and soil mechanics. The anchor assembly includes a sleeve and an anchor. The sleeve is used for being inserted into the anchor hole. The circumferential wall of the anchor rod is provided with a spiral part, the spiral part extends spirally along the axial direction of the anchor rod, and the anchor rod is used for radially engaging the sleeve and extruding the inner wall of the sleeve in the process of screwing into the inner hole of the sleeve, so that the outer wall of the sleeve abuts against the hole wall of the anchor hole. Through the sheathed tube hole of stock precession and radial extrusion sheathed tube inner wall, so that the sleeve pipe radially expands, thereby make sheathed tube outer wall support the pore wall in tight anchor eye, make the inner wall in sleeve pipe and anchor eye combine closely, thereby guarantee that the stock passes through sleeve pipe and surrounding rock firm connection and can be immediate provide anchor power, this stock subassembly need not the slip casting process, can show improvement installation effectiveness, the stock installation is accomplished and can be born design axial tension, and then realize strutting immediately the surrounding rock, can effectively improve stock supporting's convenience and security.

Description

Anchor rod assembly

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of rock and soil mechanics, particularly, relates to an anchor rod assembly.

Background

The anchor rod can improve the continuity of the surrounding rock, increase the shearing strength of the surrounding rock and improve the self-stability of the surrounding rock. The common cement mortar anchor rod needs special cement mortar stirring and grouting equipment, the anchor rod after grouting can not provide anchoring force immediately, and the cement mortar anchor rod can provide anchoring force only when the strength of mortar is increased to meet the requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an anchor rod subassembly, can realize the anchor rod to the instant anchor function of country rock.

The embodiment of the application provides a stock subassembly, including sleeve pipe and stock. The sleeve is used for being inserted into the anchor hole. The circumferential wall of the anchor rod is provided with a spiral part, the spiral part extends spirally along the axial direction of the anchor rod, and the anchor rod is used for radially biting and extruding the inner wall of the sleeve pipe in the process of screwing into the inner hole of the sleeve pipe so as to radially expand the sleeve pipe, so that the outer wall of the sleeve pipe is tightly propped against the hole wall of the anchor hole.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, general stock is the rigidity piece, can not take place deformation under the normal condition, in the anchor eye of wanting to make the stable anchor of stock in the country rock, then need slip casting between the inner wall of anchor eye and stock, treats that the thick liquid solidifies the back, and the stock is connected through the thick liquids after solidifying with the pore wall of country rock firmly. However, this increases the number of steps and reduces the installation efficiency. Through the sheathed tube inner bore of stock precession radial interlock and the sheathed tube inner wall of extrusion, so that the sleeve pipe radially expands, thereby make sheathed tube outer wall support the pore wall in tight anchor eye, make the inner wall in sleeve pipe and anchor eye combine closely, thereby guarantee that the stock passes through the sleeve pipe and the surrounding rock is firm to be connected and can be immediate provide anchor power, do not need the slip casting process, can show improvement installation effectiveness, the stock installation is accomplished and can bear design axial tension, and then realize strutting immediately the surrounding rock, can effectively improve the convenience and the security that the stock was strutted. Meanwhile, the sleeve wraps the anchor rod, so that chemical corrosion of the anchor rod can be effectively avoided, and the durability of the anchor rod is improved.

In addition, the stock subassembly of this application embodiment still has following additional technical characterstic:

in some embodiments of the present application, the spiral is triangular in cross-section.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the cross section of spiral portion is triangle-shaped for the spiral portion has the point portion of cutting into the pore wall of sheathed tube hole, and the spiral portion of being convenient for interlocks each other with sheathed tube inner wall, so that stock and sleeve pipe can stably combine, guarantees stable anchoring.

In some embodiments of the application, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a protruding structure for engaging with the wall of the anchor hole.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, be equipped with the protrusion structure on the sleeve pipe outer wall, after in the cannulation anchor eye, with the stock screw in cover intraductal, can make the sleeve pipe radially expand to make the protrusion structure compress tightly the pore wall of anchor eye, with the pore wall interlock of anchor eye, so that the sleeve pipe combines with the inner wall of country rock is firm, further increases the frictional force of sleeve pipe and stock pore wall.

In some embodiments of the present application, the projection arrangement includes a plurality of projection assemblies spaced apart along the axial direction of the bolt.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, a plurality of protruding subassemblies along axial interval arrangement can make the ascending many places of stock axial combine with the pore wall of anchor eye, further improve the combination stability of sleeve pipe and anchor eye to guarantee that the anchor is stable.

In some embodiments of the present application, each projection assembly includes a plurality of projections arranged at intervals along the circumference of the bolt.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, every bulge subassembly includes a plurality of bulges of circumference interval arrangement along the stock, can make the inner wall interlock of the ascending many places of stock circumference and anchor eye, further improves the combination stability of sleeve pipe and anchor eye to guarantee that the anchor is stable.

In some embodiments of the present application, the bolt includes a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section being connected, the second section being in the installed configuration.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of installation structure is convenient for screw in the stock in the sleeve through force application equipment such as pneumatic drill.

In some embodiments of the present application, the mounting configuration is a hexagonal prism structure.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, hexagonal prism's installation structure simple structure, it is convenient to make.

In some embodiments of the present application, the second section has a stop surface.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of spacing face can guarantee that the stock has suitable precession degree of depth.

In some embodiments of the present application, the anchor rod further includes a third section connected to a side of the second section away from the first section, the anchor rod assembly further includes a backing plate and a nut, the nut is in threaded connection with the third section, and the backing plate is sleeved on the periphery of the third section.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of backing plate and nut is convenient for the firm installation of stock, and the nut is screwed in first section stock and is used for blocking the backing plate.

In some embodiments of the present application, the anchor is a hollow structure.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, hollow stock can reduce the consumptive material and the weight of stock under the prerequisite of proof strength, practices thrift the cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bolt assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the bushing of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the anchor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at III of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cross section of a spiral part in other embodiments;

fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of the bolt assembly anchoring with the surrounding rock.

Icon: 100-a bolt assembly; 10-a sleeve; 11-a protruding structure; 111-a protruding component; 112-a projection; 20-anchor rod; 21-first stage; 22-a second section; 221-a limiting surface; 23-a third stage; 30-a helix; 40-a backing plate; 41-ball bowl portion; 42-a flat plate portion; 50-a nut; 200-surrounding rock; 210-Anchor eye.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the indication of orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, and is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Examples

In tunnel construction, anchor rods are generally adopted to improve the self-stability of surrounding rocks. The traditional anchor rod adopts cement mortar or cement paste to bond the anchor rod and the tunnel surrounding rock into a whole, and the effect of supporting and anchoring the surrounding rock is achieved by utilizing the characteristic of high tensile strength of the anchor rod body. The anchor rod installation mode needs special cement mortar stirring equipment and grouting equipment on one hand, and needs a long time after grouting to solidify cement mortar on the other hand, the anchor rod can not provide anchoring force immediately, when the mortar is gradually solidified and the strength is increased to meet the requirement, the anchor rod can provide the anchoring force, and the surrounding rock may generate larger deformation in the age of cement mortar solidification. Therefore, the conventional anchor cannot control early deformation of surrounding rocks during construction. Of course, in actual construction, the main body can be reinforced by anchor rods not only in tunnel engineering but also in slopes, dams, mines and the like.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment provides a bolt assembly 100, the bolt assembly 100 including a sleeve 10 and a bolt 20. The sleeve 10 is intended to be inserted in an anchor hole. The bolt 20 is provided with a spiral part 30 on the circumferential wall thereof, the spiral part 30 spirally extends along the axial direction of the bolt 20, and the bolt 20 is used for radially extruding the inner wall of the sleeve 10 in the process of screwing into the inner hole of the sleeve 10 so as to radially expand the sleeve 10, so that the outer wall of the sleeve 10 abuts against the hole wall of the anchor hole. The inner hole of the sleeve 10 is screwed in through the anchor rod 20 and the inner wall of the sleeve 10 is radially extruded, so that the outer wall of the sleeve 10 abuts against the hole wall of the anchor hole, the sleeve 10 is tightly combined with the inner wall of the anchor hole, the anchor rod 20 is guaranteed to be stably connected with surrounding rocks through the sleeve 10 and can provide anchoring force in real time, the mortar anchor rod is compared, a grouting process is not needed, and the installation efficiency is remarkably improved. Meanwhile, the sleeve 10 wraps the anchor rod 20, so that chemical corrosion of the anchor rod 20 can be effectively avoided, and the durability of the anchor rod 20 is improved.

The anchor hole is the hole of seting up on the country rock in advance, and anchor hole radius is r1, and wherein, the wall thickness of sleeve pipe 10 is r2, and the external diameter of stock 20 is r3, and r2+ r3> r1 to guarantee that sleeve pipe 10 can compress tightly the pore wall of anchor hole in the in-process that stock 20 screwed in, provide frictional force.

In this embodiment, the sleeve 10 is made of a material having a certain strength and a deformation capability, such as polyethylene or PVC.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the outer wall of the casing 10 is provided with a protruding structure 11, and the protruding structure 11 is used for engaging with the wall of the anchor hole to increase the friction between the casing 10 and the wall of the anchor hole. After the sleeve 10 is inserted into the anchor hole, the anchor rod 20 is screwed into the sleeve 10, so that the sleeve 10 can be radially expanded, the protruding structure 11 is pressed against the hole wall of the anchor hole, and the friction force between the sleeve 10 and the hole wall of the anchor rod 20 is further increased.

Wherein the projection structure 11 includes a plurality of projection assemblies 111 arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the anchor rod 20. The plurality of protruding members 111 arranged at intervals in the axial direction enables the anchor rod 20 to be coupled to the wall of the anchor hole at a plurality of positions in the axial direction, thereby further improving the friction between the sleeve 10 and the anchor hole.

Each protrusion assembly 111 includes a plurality of protrusions 112 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the anchor rod 20, and each protrusion 112 faces one end of the sleeve 10, into which the anchor rod 20 is screwed, so that the anchor rod 20 can be in contact with the inner wall of the anchor hole at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction, and the friction force between the sleeve 10 and the anchor hole is further increased, thereby ensuring stable anchoring.

In other embodiments, the projection structures 11 may be arranged in other ways, such as the projections 112 of the projection structures 11 being arranged spirally along the outer circumferential wall of the sleeve 10, or in other irregular patterns.

In this embodiment, the projection structures 11 are barb structures, and accordingly, the projection assemblies 111 are barb assemblies and the projections 112 are barb portions. In other embodiments, the projection structure 11 may also be a triangular or semi-circular structure.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cross section of the spiral part 30 is triangular, so that the spiral part 30 has a tip part cut into the hole wall of the sleeve 10, which facilitates the mutual engagement of the spiral part 30 and the inner wall of the sleeve 10, so that the anchor rod 20 and the sleeve 10 can be stably combined to ensure stable anchoring.

Of course, the cross section of the spiral part 30 may be configured in other forms according to actual requirements, for example, as shown in fig. 5, the part of the spiral part 30 cut into the casing 10 is a circular arc part.

In this embodiment, the anchor rod 20 comprises a first section 21 and a second section 22, the first section 21 is connected with the second section 22, the spiral part 30 is arranged on the peripheral wall of the first section 21, the second section 22 is in an installation structure, the second section 22 is also provided with a limiting surface 221, and the first section 21 is connected with the limiting surface 221; the stop surface 221 is adapted to abut against an end of the sleeve 10 when the first section 21 is screwed into the sleeve 10. The limiting surface 221 abuts against the end surface of the sleeve 10, and the bolt 20 stops screwing when the limiting surface 221 abuts against the sleeve 10 after screwing, so that the length of the bolt 20 screwing into the sleeve 10 can be limited, and the bolt 20 is ensured to have a proper screwing depth.

In the present embodiment, the second section 22 (installation structure) has a hexagonal prism structure, so that a force application member such as a pneumatic drill can apply a force on the second section 22 to drive the anchor rod 20 to be screwed into the sleeve 10 by a tool such as a pneumatic drill, thereby facilitating the installation of the anchor rod 20. In other embodiments, the first section 21 may be provided with other structures for facilitating the rotation of the anchor rod 20 by applying a force, such as a through hole formed in the second section 22 along a radial direction thereof, and inserting one end of a hexagonal wrench into the through hole, holding the other end of the hexagonal wrench and applying a rotational force, so that the anchor rod 20 can be driven to rotate by the hexagonal wrench to screw the anchor rod 20 into the sleeve 10.

In other embodiments, the second section 22 (mounting configuration) may take other forms, such as, for example, a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, etc.

In the present embodiment, the diameter of the first segment 21 in the screwing direction thereof gradually decreases, and the diameter d1 of the end of the first segment 21 close to the position-limiting surface 221 is larger than the diameter d2 of the end of the first segment 21 away from the position-limiting surface 221.

The anchor rod 20 further includes a third section 23, the anchor rod assembly 100 further includes a backing plate 40 and a nut 50, the nut 50 is used for being screwed with the third section 23, and the backing plate 40 is used for being sleeved on the periphery of the third section 23 and is located between the limiting surface 221 and the nut 50. The nut 50 is used for being screwed with the third section 23, and the backing plate 40 is used for being sleeved on the periphery of the third section 23 and is located between the limiting surface 221 and the nut 50.

In the present embodiment, the pad 40 includes a bowl portion 41 and a flat plate portion 42, and the bowl portion 41 is connected to an edge of an inner ring of the flat plate portion 42. The top of the ball bowl portion 41 is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the ball bowl portion 41, and the second section 22 of the anchor rod 20 is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating manner, so that the backing plate 40 and the anchor rod 20 are sleeved. The nut 50 is capable of compressing the bolster 40 between the nut 50 and the surface of the surrounding rock, such that the flat portion 42 of the bolster 40 abuts the surface of the surrounding rock when the bolster 40 is compressed against the surrounding rock.

In the present embodiment, the anchor 20 is a hollow structure. Hollow stock 20 can reduce the consumptive material and the weight of stock 20 under the prerequisite of assurance intensity, practices thrift the cost. In other embodiments, the anchor rod 20 may be provided as a solid structure.

In the actual installation process, as shown in fig. 6, an anchor hole 210 is firstly formed at a position of the surrounding rock 200 to be anchored, the casing 10 is inserted into the anchor hole 210, and then the anchor rod 20 is screwed into the inner hole of the casing 10 until the limiting surface 221 abuts against the end of the casing 10 by the action of the rotary force application device such as the pneumatic drill and the like on the second section 22 (installation structure). And then the anchor rod 20 is sleeved with the backing plate 40 and the threaded nut 50 in sequence, and the installation of the anchor rod assembly 100 is completed. This stock subassembly 100 can provide instant anchor power, and stock 20 simple to operate, the erection equipment requirement is low, need not slip casting, and the durability is good.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bolt assembly, comprising:

the sleeve is used for being inserted into the anchor hole; and

the anchor rod is used for radially meshing the sleeve and extruding the inner wall of the sleeve in the process of screwing in the inner hole of the sleeve so as to radially expand the sleeve, and therefore the outer wall of the sleeve abuts against the hole wall of the anchor hole.

2. A rock bolt assembly according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the spiral portion is triangular.

3. A rock bolt assembly according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a projecting formation for engaging with the wall of the anchor hole.

4. A bolt assembly according to claim 3, wherein the projection arrangement comprises a plurality of projection assemblies arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the bolt.

5. A bolt assembly according to claim 4, wherein each projection formation comprises a plurality of projections arranged at intervals circumferentially of the bolt.

6. The anchor assembly of claim 1, wherein the anchor includes a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section being connected, the second section being in an installed configuration.

7. A rock bolt assembly according to claim 6, wherein the mounting formation is a hexagonal prism configuration.

8. The anchor assembly of claim 6, wherein the second section has a stop surface.

9. The anchor rod assembly of claim 6, wherein the anchor rod further includes a third section connected to a side of the second section remote from the first section;

the anchor rod assembly further comprises a backing plate and a nut, the nut is in threaded connection with the third section, and the backing plate is sleeved on the periphery of the third section.

10. The anchor rod assembly of claim 1, wherein the anchor rod is a hollow structure.