CN112175381A - Polyurethane and nano zeolite elastomer composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyurethane and nano zeolite elastomer composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of polymer composite materials; in order to solve the problem that the use scene is limited; the elastomer composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polyurethane elastomer, 36 parts of nano zeolite powder, 15 parts of montmorillonite, 8 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 12 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of colorant, 5 parts of plasticizer and 6 parts of flame retardant; the preparation method of the elastomer composite material comprises the following steps: taking the raw material components for standby; melting polyurethane elastomer and montmorillonite at 120 deg.C, and vacuum dehydrating at 110 deg.C for 1 h. The product prepared by adding the montmorillonite has the elongation at break more than 4 times that of a pure pu matrix and the tensile strength more than 2 times, improves the heat resistance, adjusts the heat resistance of the material through a rubber matrix, a crosslinking system and a reinforcing system, and has stable preparation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer composite materials, in particular to an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polyurethane is a synthetic material between plastic and rubber, and the chemical structure is a typical block copolymer structure, which still maintains elasticity under high hardness, and has high mechanical strength, oxidation stability, flexibility and rebound resilience, and in addition, has excellent oil resistance, solvent resistance, water resistance and fire resistance. The elastic damping material has wide application in the field of damping materials because the elastic damping material still has higher elasticity than other elastic bodies in a wide hardness range. Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is widely used in the process of synthesizing polyurethane elastomers, but free TDI is high in toxicity and inflammable, and is difficult to be directly used for producing polyurethane devices in factories; in addition, air and moisture are inevitably introduced into the system in the production process, so that the compactness of the polyurethane elastomer is poor, and the mechanical property of the material is influenced.
Through retrieval, the Chinese patent with the application number of CN201910119799.9 discloses a preparation method of a polyurethane/nano zeolite elastomer composite material, which comprises the following steps: dissolving a silane coupling agent in an acetone solvent to prepare a solution, adding nano ZSM-5 zeolite at room temperature to perform coupling reaction, and performing vacuum filtration to prepare particles; mixing the dried particles with a toluene diisocyanate polytetrahydrofuran prepolymer to obtain a mixture, adding a chain extender into the mixture after vacuum defoaming, uniformly mixing, then vacuum defoaming, pouring the obtained product into a mold coated with a release agent for pouring, then sending the mold into an oven for placing, then demolding, immediately sending a sample into the oven for curing after demolding, and then placing the sample at room temperature for complete curing. The preparation method of the polyurethane/nano zeolite elastomer composite material in the patent has the following defects: although the mechanical property is improved, the heat resistance is not high, so that the use scene is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite comprises the following components by weight: 70 parts of polyurethane elastomer, 36 parts of nano zeolite powder, 15 parts of montmorillonite, 8 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 12 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of colorant, 5 parts of plasticizer and 6 parts of flame retardant.
Preferably: the polyurethane elastomer is composed of diphenylmethane, polyether polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer and a crosslinking agent.
Preferably: the catalyst is one or more of organic carboxylic acid, tertiary amine compounds, triethylene diamine, N-alkyl morpholine, dilauric acid and dibutyltin.
Preferably: the foaming agent is one of water, liquid carbon dioxide, chlorofluoroalkane, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, pentane and cyclopentane.
Preferably: the foam stabilizer is water-soluble polyether siloxane.
Preferably: the cross-linking agent is one of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
Preferably: the preparation method of the montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s31: dropwise adding excessive hexadecyl to octadecyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into 5 wt% sodium-montmorillonite aqueous solution under the stirring state at 80 ℃, mixing for 1h, and performing suction filtration;
s32: washing the filtrate until no chloride ions exist;
s33: vacuum drying to constant weight, and grinding into powder of 50-90 μm.
A preparation method of an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite comprises the following steps:
s1: taking the raw material components for standby;
s2: melting polyurethane elastomer and montmorillonite at 120 deg.C, vacuum dehydrating at 110 deg.C for 1 hr until water content is less than 0.02%;
s3: controlling the temperature to be reduced to 80 ℃, adding the ground glass fiber, and stirring for 30 min;
s4: adding nano silicon dioxide and nano zeolite powder, stirring and mixing at 85 ℃, reacting for 2h, degassing for 30min while the mixture is hot;
s5: sequentially adding a coloring agent, a plasticizer and a flame retardant, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, and defoaming in vacuum;
s6: conveying the mixed solution to a mold coated with a release agent at 80-100 ℃ by using a metering pump;
s7: and (4) heating the die to 130 ℃, and curing for 4 hours to obtain the product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the product prepared by adding the montmorillonite has the elongation at break more than 4 times that of a pure pu matrix and the tensile strength more than 2 times, improves the heat resistance, adjusts the heat resistance of the material through a rubber matrix, a crosslinking system and a reinforcing system, and has stable preparation process.
2. The added nano material is easy to be fully adsorbed and bonded with the polymer, and is compounded with the polyurethane elastomer, so that the mechanical property of the polyurethane elastomer is obviously improved, and the heat resistance, ageing resistance and other functional characteristics of the elastomer are improved.
3. The addition of the ground glass fiber can obviously reduce the occlusion effect between the elastomer and the matrix fiber, has good interface bonding performance and mechanical performance, increases the density of the material, and further improves the mechanical performance of the material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present patent, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present patent and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
Example 1:
an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polyurethane elastomer, 36 parts of nano zeolite powder, 15 parts of montmorillonite, 8 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 12 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of colorant, 5 parts of plasticizer and 6 parts of flame retardant.
The polyurethane elastomer is composed of diphenylmethane, polyether polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer and a crosslinking agent.
Further, the catalyst is one or more of organic carboxylic acid, tertiary amine compound, triethylene diamine, N-alkyl morpholine, dilauric acid and dibutyltin.
Further, the foaming agent is one of water, liquid carbon dioxide, chlorofluoroalkane, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, pentane and cyclopentane.
Further, the foam stabilizer is water-soluble polyether siloxane.
Further, the cross-linking agent is one of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
The preparation method of the montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s31: dropwise adding excessive hexadecyl to octadecyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into 5 wt% sodium-montmorillonite aqueous solution under the stirring state at 80 ℃, mixing for 1h, and performing suction filtration;
s32: washing the filtrate until no chloride ions exist;
s33: vacuum drying to constant weight, and grinding into powder of 50-90 μm.
When the composite material is used, the nano material is easy to be fully adsorbed and bonded with a polymer, the mechanical property of the composite material is obviously improved by compounding with a polyurethane elastomer, the functional characteristics of the elastomer such as heat resistance, ageing resistance and the like are improved, the elongation at break of the added montmorillonite is more than 4 times that of a pure pu matrix, the tensile strength is more than 2 times, the heat resistance is improved, the heat resistance of the composite material is adjusted through a rubber matrix, a crosslinking system and a reinforcing system, the occlusion effect between the elastomer and matrix fibers can be obviously reduced by adding ground glass fibers, the composite material has good interface adhesion property and mechanical property, the density of the composite material is increased, and the mechanical property of the composite material is further improved.
Example 2:
a method for preparing the elastomer composite of polyurethane and nano zeolite described in example 1, as shown in fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
s1: taking the raw material components for standby;
s2: melting polyurethane elastomer and montmorillonite at 120 deg.C, vacuum dehydrating at 110 deg.C for 1 hr until water content is less than 0.02%;
s3: controlling the temperature to be reduced to 80 ℃, adding the ground glass fiber, and stirring for 30 min;
s4: adding nano silicon dioxide and nano zeolite powder, stirring and mixing at 85 ℃, reacting for 2h, degassing for 30min while the mixture is hot;
s5: sequentially adding a coloring agent, a plasticizer and a flame retardant, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, and defoaming in vacuum;
s6: conveying the mixed solution to a mold coated with a release agent at 80-100 ℃ by using a metering pump;
s7: and (4) heating the die to 130 ℃, and curing for 4 hours to obtain the product.
When the preparation method is used, the preparation process is stable and simple, and the potential safety hazard is low.
Example 3:
an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polyurethane elastomer, 25 parts of nano zeolite powder, 12 parts of montmorillonite, 8 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 8 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of colorant, 3 parts of plasticizer and 4 parts of flame retardant.
The polyurethane elastomer is composed of diphenylmethane, polyether polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer and a crosslinking agent.
Further, the catalyst is one or more of organic carboxylic acid, tertiary amine compound, triethylene diamine, N-alkyl morpholine, dilauric acid and dibutyltin.
Further, the foaming agent is one of water, liquid carbon dioxide, chlorofluoroalkane, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, pentane and cyclopentane.
Further, the foam stabilizer is water-soluble polyether siloxane.
Further, the cross-linking agent is one of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
The preparation method of the montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s31: dropwise adding excessive hexadecyl to octadecyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into 5 wt% sodium-montmorillonite aqueous solution under the stirring state at 80 ℃, mixing for 1h, and performing suction filtration;
s32: washing the filtrate until no chloride ions exist;
s33: vacuum drying to constant weight, and grinding into powder of 50-90 μm.
Example 4:
an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of polyurethane elastomer, 30 parts of nano zeolite powder, 20 parts of montmorillonite, 6 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 5 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of colorant, 2 parts of plasticizer and 6 parts of flame retardant.
The polyurethane elastomer is composed of diphenylmethane, polyether polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer and a crosslinking agent.
Further, the catalyst is one or more of organic carboxylic acid, tertiary amine compound, triethylene diamine, N-alkyl morpholine, dilauric acid and dibutyltin.
Further, the foaming agent is one of water, liquid carbon dioxide, chlorofluoroalkane, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, pentane and cyclopentane.
Further, the foam stabilizer is water-soluble polyether siloxane.
Further, the cross-linking agent is one of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
The preparation method of the montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s31: dropwise adding excessive hexadecyl to octadecyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into 5 wt% sodium-montmorillonite aqueous solution under the stirring state at 80 ℃, mixing for 1h, and performing suction filtration;
s32: washing the filtrate until no chloride ions exist;
s33: vacuum drying to constant weight, and grinding into powder of 50-90 μm.
Example 5:
an elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of polyurethane elastomer, 30 parts of nano zeolite powder, 10 parts of montmorillonite, 4 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 9 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of colorant, 4 parts of plasticizer and 5 parts of flame retardant.
The polyurethane elastomer is composed of diphenylmethane, polyether polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer and a crosslinking agent.
Further, the catalyst is one or more of organic carboxylic acid, tertiary amine compound, triethylene diamine, N-alkyl morpholine, dilauric acid and dibutyltin.
Further, the foaming agent is one of water, liquid carbon dioxide, chlorofluoroalkane, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, pentane and cyclopentane.
Further, the foam stabilizer is water-soluble polyether siloxane.
Further, the cross-linking agent is one of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
The preparation method of the montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s31: dropwise adding excessive hexadecyl to octadecyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into 5 wt% sodium-montmorillonite aqueous solution under the stirring state at 80 ℃, mixing for 1h, and performing suction filtration;
s32: washing the filtrate until no chloride ions exist;
s33: vacuum drying to constant weight, and grinding into powder of 50-90 μm.
The following table compares the parameters of example 1, examples 3-5 and commercial elastomer composites:
the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An elastomer composite material of polyurethane and nano zeolite is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polyurethane elastomer, 36 parts of nano zeolite powder, 15 parts of montmorillonite, 8 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 12 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of colorant, 5 parts of plasticizer and 6 parts of flame retardant.
2. The elastomer composite of polyurethane and nano zeolite as claimed in claim 1, wherein said polyurethane elastomer is composed of diphenylmethane, polyether polyol, catalyst, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, and crosslinking agent.
3. The elastomer composite of polyurethane and nano zeolite of claim 2, wherein said catalyst is one or more of organic carboxylic acid, tertiary amine compound, triethylene diamine, N-alkyl morpholine, dilauric acid, dibutyl tin.
4. The polyurethane and nano-zeolite elastomer composite of claim 3, wherein said blowing agent is one of water, liquid carbon dioxide, chlorofluoroalkanes, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, pentanes and cyclopentanes.
5. The polyurethane and nano zeolite elastomer composite of claim 4, wherein said foam stabilizer is a water-soluble polyether siloxane.
6. An elastomer composite of polyurethane and nano zeolite as claimed in claim 5, wherein said cross-linking agent is one of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
7. The polyurethane and nano zeolite elastomer composite material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method of said montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s31: dropwise adding excessive hexadecyl to octadecyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into 5 wt% sodium-montmorillonite aqueous solution under the stirring state at 80 ℃, mixing for 1h, and performing suction filtration;
s32: washing the filtrate until no chloride ions exist;
s33: vacuum drying to constant weight, and grinding into powder of 50-90 μm.
8. A method for preparing an elastomer composite of polyurethane and nano zeolite according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1: taking the raw material components for standby;
s2: melting polyurethane elastomer and montmorillonite at 120 deg.C, vacuum dehydrating at 110 deg.C for 1 hr until water content is less than 0.02%;
s3: controlling the temperature to be reduced to 80 ℃, adding the ground glass fiber, and stirring for 30 min;
s4: adding nano silicon dioxide and nano zeolite powder, stirring and mixing at 85 ℃, reacting for 2h, degassing for 30min while the mixture is hot;
s5: sequentially adding a coloring agent, a plasticizer and a flame retardant, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, and defoaming in vacuum;
s6: conveying the mixed solution to a mold coated with a release agent at 80-100 ℃ by using a metering pump;
s7: and (4) heating the die to 130 ℃, and curing for 4 hours to obtain the product.
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2020
- 2020-09-24 CN CN202011012925.XA patent/CN112175381A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20210105 |