CN112175145A - Functional material capable of automatically adjusting environmental humidity and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Functional material capable of automatically adjusting environmental humidity and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112175145A CN112175145A CN202011132433.4A CN202011132433A CN112175145A CN 112175145 A CN112175145 A CN 112175145A CN 202011132433 A CN202011132433 A CN 202011132433A CN 112175145 A CN112175145 A CN 112175145A
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a functional material for automatically adjusting environmental humidity, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing inorganic acid salt with deionized water, stirring and dissolving to obtain an inorganic acid salt solution, wherein the inorganic acid salt is a mixture of potassium nitrate and lithium chloride; (2) activating the calcined diatomite to obtain activated diatomite for later use; (3) adding activated diatomite, cellulose powder, acrylic acid, acrylamide, potassium persulfate and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide into an inorganic acid salt solution, and stirring to obtain a polymer humidity-controlling material; (4) and drying the polymer humidity-regulating material to prepare the functional material for automatically regulating the environmental humidity. The invention compounds inorganic mineral material and organic macromolecule humidity-regulating material, and disperses a proper amount of inorganic salt in the system to obtain functional material with large humidity capacity and high humidity-regulating rate; the preparation method is simple and easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a functional material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a functional material for automatically adjusting the environmental humidity and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the internet technology, the influence of the environmental humidity on the internet of things terminal is more and more obvious. When the environmental humidity is higher than 80%, the equipment has the adverse phenomena of reduced insulation degree, mildew breeding, metal corrosion and the like, so that the service life of the equipment is influenced, and the maintenance cost is increased; when the ambient humidity is less than 30%, static electricity may be accumulated, and the insulating material such as plastic may be deformed or cracked, which may also cause damage to the long-term stable operation of the device.
In order to control the environmental humidity to be 40-55%, the traditional humidity control method adopts equipment such as an air conditioner and a dehumidifier for regulation, but the traditional humidity control method runs for a long time, so that a large amount of energy is consumed, the investment of the equipment is high, and the later maintenance cost is not low. Therefore, in order to achieve the effects of energy conservation and environmental protection, the development of a functional material capable of adjusting the environmental humidity is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a functional material capable of automatically adjusting environment humidity and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: the technical scheme adopted by the invention is a preparation method of a functional material for automatically adjusting the environmental humidity, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing inorganic acid salt with deionized water, stirring and dissolving to obtain an inorganic acid salt solution, wherein the inorganic acid salt is a mixture of potassium nitrate and lithium chloride;
(2) activating the calcined diatomite to obtain activated diatomite for later use;
(3) adding activated diatomite, cellulose powder, acrylic acid, acrylamide, potassium persulfate and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide into an inorganic acid salt solution, and stirring for reaction to obtain a polymer humidity-controlling material;
(4) and drying the polymer humidity-regulating material to prepare the functional material for automatically regulating the environmental humidity.
In the step (1), by mass, 1-3 parts of potassium nitrate, 2-6 parts of lithium chloride and 30-50 parts of deionized water are added.
In the step (2), the calcined diatomite is activated by adding the calcined diatomite into a hydrochloric acid solution, heating and stirring at 60-90 ℃ for 4 hours, carrying out suction filtration, separating and drying to obtain the activated diatomite.
Further, the diatomaceous earth is 1 part by mass, and the hydrochloric acid solution is 5 parts by mass.
Furthermore, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 10-14%.
In the step (3), by mass, 0.3 to 1 part of activated diatomaceous earth, 1 to 3 parts of alpha cellulose, 6 to 10 parts of acrylic acid, 3 to 5 parts of acrylamide, 0.04 to 0.08 part of potassium persulfate, 0.004 to 0.008 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, and 30 to 50 parts of an inorganic acid salt solution are used.
Further, the stirring reaction is carried out at the temperature of 50-65 ℃ for 3-5 hours.
Further, the activated diatomite, the alpha cellulose, the acrylic acid, the acrylamide and the potassium persulfate are firstly added into an inorganic acid salt solution, stirred for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 50-65 ℃, then the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is added, and the reaction is carried out for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 50-65 ℃.
Wherein in the step (4), the drying temperature is 50-80 ℃ and the drying time is 20-24 h.
The invention also provides a functional material for automatically adjusting the environmental humidity, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method.
The humidity control mechanism of the organic humidity control material is the interaction of van der waals force between the surface of organic molecules and water molecules, such as dipole-dipole effect, hydrogen bond effect and the like. Because the water molecules are polar molecules, if the polarity of the organic molecular material is high, the acting force with the water molecules is high, and the moisture absorption amount is correspondingly increased; on the contrary, if the organic molecular material is a non-polar molecule, the moisture absorption amount is almost zero. The organic polymer material containing hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl, amido, hydroxyl and the like in the molecular structure is used as the humidity regulator, and the more the hydrophilic groups are, the larger the moisture absorption capacity is.
The inorganic acid salt material has certain humidity regulating capacity, and the humidity regulating effect is determined by the saturated vapor pressure corresponding to the salt solution. The lower the vapor pressure of the saturated salt solution at the same temperature, the smaller the relative humidity to be controlled. Although the humidity of the space can be maintained by selecting an appropriate saturated solution of brine, most of the solid inorganic salts are easily deliquesced after moisture absorption, are unstable at normal temperature, and are easily salted out. Therefore, the single inorganic salt humidity-controlling material has many limitations.
On the other hand, materials such as montmorillonite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, and the like are aluminosilicate minerals having a layered or micro-channel structure and have cation exchangeability, so that these materials can adsorb and release water vapor, and are useful as humidity control materials.
According to the invention, hydrophilic inorganic mineral material diatomite is activated, and the surface of the activated diatomite has a large number of hydroxyl and silicon hydroxyl which can react with carboxylic acid groups of organic hydrophilic monomers; hydrophilic alpha cellulose is used as a high molecular skeleton, organic hydrophilic monomers are grafted to the cellulose skeleton, homopolymerization reaction is initiated among the monomers, activated diatomite and carboxylic acid groups in generated polymers are subjected to chemical reaction, and the activated diatomite and the carboxylic acid groups are compounded into a polymer network to obtain a diatomite cellulose acrylic resin polymer, namely a novel functional material for automatically adjusting the environmental humidity.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention compounds inorganic mineral material and organic macromolecule humidity-regulating material, and disperses a proper amount of inorganic salt in the system to obtain functional material with large humidity capacity and high humidity-regulating rate; the preparation method is simple and easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the moisture absorption rate of a functional material for automatically adjusting ambient humidity according to examples 1 to 3 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph showing the effect of active moisture absorption and release of the functional material for automatically adjusting the ambient humidity according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
(1) Weighing 1 part of potassium nitrate and 2 parts of lithium chloride according to the mass parts, mixing to obtain inorganic acid salt, adding the inorganic acid salt into 30 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an inorganic acid salt solution for later use;
(2) weighing 2 parts by mass of calcined 200-mesh diatomite, adding the calcined diatomite into 10 parts of 12% hydrochloric acid solution, heating in a water bath at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, carrying out suction filtration, separation and washing, and drying at 100 ℃ to obtain activated diatomite for later use;
(3) weighing 0.6 part of activated diatomite, 1 part of alpha cellulose, 10 parts of acrylic acid, 3 parts of acrylamide and 0.04 part of potassium persulfate according to parts by mass, adding into 50 parts of inorganic acid salt solution, stirring for 1h at 50 ℃, adding 0.005 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 65 ℃, and reacting for 3h to obtain the polymer humidity regulating material;
(4) and drying the polymer humidity-controlling material at 70 ℃ for 20h to obtain the functional material capable of automatically adjusting the environmental humidity.
Example 2
(1) Weighing 3 parts of potassium nitrate and 5 parts of lithium chloride according to the mass parts, mixing to obtain inorganic acid salt, adding the inorganic acid salt into 50 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an inorganic acid salt solution for later use;
(2) weighing 1 part of calcined 200-mesh diatomite according to the mass part, adding the diatomite into 5 parts of hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 14%, heating in a water bath at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, carrying out suction filtration, separation and washing, and drying at 100 ℃ to obtain activated diatomite for later use;
(3) weighing 0.3 part of activated diatomite, 3 parts of alpha cellulose, 6 parts of acrylic acid, 5 parts of acrylamide and 0.08 part of potassium persulfate according to parts by mass, firstly adding the materials into 30 parts of inorganic acid salt solution, stirring the solution at 65 ℃ for 2 hours, then adding 0.008 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, and continuously reacting the mixture at 65 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a polymer humidity-controlling material;
(4) and drying the polymer humidity-adjusting material at 80 ℃ for 20h to obtain the functional material capable of automatically adjusting the environmental humidity.
Example 3
(1) Weighing 2 parts of potassium nitrate and 6 parts of lithium chloride according to the mass parts, mixing to obtain inorganic acid salt, adding the inorganic acid salt into 50 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an inorganic acid salt solution for later use;
(2) weighing 3 parts by mass of calcined 200-mesh diatomite, adding the calcined diatomite into 10 parts of 10% hydrochloric acid solution, heating in a water bath at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, carrying out suction filtration, separation and washing, and drying at 100 ℃ to obtain activated diatomite for later use;
(3) weighing 1 part of activated diatomite, 1 part of alpha cellulose, 6 parts of acrylic acid, 5 parts of acrylamide and 0.04 part of potassium persulfate according to parts by mass, adding the materials into 30 parts of inorganic acid salt solution, stirring the solution at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 2 hours, adding 0.004 part of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, and heating the solution to the temperature of 60 ℃ to react for 2 hours to obtain a polymer humidity-controlling material;
(4) and drying the polymer humidity-controlling material at 50 ℃ for 24h to obtain the functional material capable of automatically adjusting the environmental humidity.
The functional materials for automatically adjusting environmental humidity prepared in examples 1 to 3 were subjected to a moisture absorption limit test and a moisture absorption rate test, as shown in fig. 1, the test conditions and procedures were as follows: accurately weighing 2g of humidity-regulating material, placing the humidity-regulating material in a constant-temperature constant-humidity box, wherein the temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 90%, and weighing once every 24 hours;
the calculated moisture absorption rate is: wSuction device=（mt-m0）/m0×100%；
Wherein WSuction deviceThe moisture absorption rate; m istIs a moisture-absorbing back materialMaterial quality; m is0Is the mass of the original sample.
The functional material for automatically adjusting environmental humidity prepared in example 1 is subjected to a humidity environment adjustment test to test the active moisture absorption and desorption effect, as shown in fig. 2, the test conditions and the process are as follows: after 1m of confined space is subjected to humidity stabilization to 95% RH, the humidity source is cut off, 125g of humidity conditioning functional material is placed in the space, the humidity change is monitored by a humidity sensor, after the environment humidity is stabilized, a sample is taken out and placed in another confined space with the humidity stabilized to 25% RH, and the humidity change is monitored by the humidity sensor.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the humidity control material can absorb water vapor with a self-weight of 550%. As can be seen from FIG. 2, in the closed space obtained by ethanol production at 1m, the functional material for automatically adjusting the environmental humidity can stabilize the environmental humidity at about 45%, and the humidity adjustment time is 30-60 min.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a functional material capable of automatically adjusting the environmental humidity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing inorganic acid salt with deionized water, stirring and dissolving to obtain an inorganic acid salt solution, wherein the inorganic acid salt is a mixture of potassium nitrate and lithium chloride;
(2) activating the calcined diatomite to obtain activated diatomite;
(3) adding activated diatomite, cellulose powder, acrylic acid, acrylamide, potassium persulfate and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide into an inorganic acid salt solution, and stirring for reaction to obtain a polymer humidity-controlling material;
(4) and drying the polymer humidity-regulating material to prepare the functional material for automatically regulating the environmental humidity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), 1-3 parts by mass of potassium nitrate, 2-6 parts by mass of lithium chloride and 30-50 parts by mass of deionized water are added.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the calcined diatomite is activated by adding the calcined diatomite into a hydrochloric acid solution, heating and stirring at 60-90 ℃, filtering, separating and drying to obtain the activated diatomite.
4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diatomite accounts for 1-3 parts by mass, and the hydrochloric acid solution accounts for 5-10 parts by mass.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 10-14%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), 0.3 to 1 part by mass of the activated diatomite, 1 to 3 parts by mass of the cellulose powder, 6 to 10 parts by mass of the acrylic acid, 3 to 5 parts by mass of the acrylamide, 0.04 to 0.08 part by mass of the potassium persulfate, 0.004 to 0.008 part by mass of the N, N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 30 to 50 parts by mass of the inorganic acid salt solution are used.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the stirring reaction is carried out at the temperature of 50-65 ℃ for 3-5 hours.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the activated diatomite, the alpha cellulose, the acrylic acid, the acrylamide and the potassium persulfate are firstly added into an inorganic acid salt solution, stirred for 1-2 hours at 50-65 ℃, then the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is added, and the reaction is carried out for 2-3 hours at 50-65 ℃.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the drying temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the drying time is 20-24 hours.
10. A functional material for automatically adjusting the environmental humidity, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110564011A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 上海梵律材料科技有限公司 | Composition for preventing condensation in closed space |
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| CN102120175A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-13 | 北京工业大学 | Method for improving humidifying capacity of diatomite |
| CN102516695A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 天津大学 | Functional material for purifying air and regulating humidity and its preparation method |
| CN103342775A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-10-09 | 天津市环亚建筑工程环境质量检测有限公司 | Dual-functional environment-friendly wall material capable of regulating temperature and humidity, and preparation method of environment-friendly wall material |
| CN104402518A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-11 | 辽宁东奥非金属材料开发有限公司 | Diatom ceiling with humidity adjustment function, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107417858A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-01 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of the composite high-water-absorptivresin resin comprising diatomite and cellulose |
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- 2020-10-21 CN CN202011132433.4A patent/CN112175145B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102120175A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-13 | 北京工业大学 | Method for improving humidifying capacity of diatomite |
| CN102516695A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 天津大学 | Functional material for purifying air and regulating humidity and its preparation method |
| CN103342775A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-10-09 | 天津市环亚建筑工程环境质量检测有限公司 | Dual-functional environment-friendly wall material capable of regulating temperature and humidity, and preparation method of environment-friendly wall material |
| CN104402518A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-11 | 辽宁东奥非金属材料开发有限公司 | Diatom ceiling with humidity adjustment function, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107417858A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-01 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of the composite high-water-absorptivresin resin comprising diatomite and cellulose |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110564011A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 上海梵律材料科技有限公司 | Composition for preventing condensation in closed space |
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