CN112174690A - Method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fiber by using kapok fiber - Google Patents

Method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fiber by using kapok fiber Download PDF

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CN112174690A
CN112174690A CN202011084839.XA CN202011084839A CN112174690A CN 112174690 A CN112174690 A CN 112174690A CN 202011084839 A CN202011084839 A CN 202011084839A CN 112174690 A CN112174690 A CN 112174690A
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fiber
aluminum titanate
kapok
titanate
kapok fiber
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张静雯
殷福艳
赖俊杰
王天驰
刘昕宇
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
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    • C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
    • C04B35/462—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates
    • C04B35/478—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on aluminium titanates
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fiber by utilizing kapok fiber, which comprises the steps of taking kapok fiber as a template, adopting ethanol as a solvent, soaking the kapok fiber in a mixed solution of aluminum nitrate, butyl titanate and magnesium chloride, enabling the butyl titanate and the aluminum nitrate to enter the tube wall of the kapok fiber, taking the magnesium chloride as a stabilizer, sintering at high temperature, carrying out chemical reaction to generate aluminum titanate, enabling the aluminum titanate to exist in the tube wall of the kapok fiber, decomposing and ablating the kapok fiber at higher temperature, and leaving the aluminum titanate to obtain the hollow aluminum titanate fiber. The aluminum titanate fiber prepared by the method is in a hollow tubular structure, is fluffy and high in hollowness, and can keep a certain gap between fibers, so that the structural advantage can be provided for obtaining excellent heat insulation performance.

Description

Method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fiber by using kapok fiber
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of refractory and heat-insulating materials, and particularly relates to a method for obtaining hollow aluminum titanate fibers by using kapok fibers.
Background
The aluminum titanate ceramic has the characteristics of nearly zero thermal expansion coefficient, low thermal conductivity coefficient, high melting point, excellent thermal shock resistance and the like, and is the best high-temperature resistance in the current low-expansion materials. However, two major critical weaknesses of aluminum titanate ceramics severely limit the application of this material: (1) it is difficult to obtain a high-strength product due to the remarkable thermal expansion anisotropy and the promotion of a large number of microcracks inside the sintered body; (2) the aluminum titanate ceramic is easily decomposed into alpha-Al within the temperature range of 700-1300 DEG C2O3And TiO2(rutile) and lose its low thermal expansion properties. With the development of powder preparation technology, there are many methods for synthesizing AT powder, and the synthesis method can be classified into 3 types: solid phase processes, liquid phase processes of metal or metal alkoxide hydrolysates, and chemical vapor processes. The solid phase method is difficult to obtain high-purity, ultrafine and uniform powder, but has low cost. Although the gas phase method can obtain high-quality powder with high purity and less agglomeration, the gas phase method is rarely adopted due to the complex equipment and high cost. The second method, the liquid phase method, is most commonly used at present. The liquid phase method can prepare fine powder with good purity and uniformity, and the operation is complicated, and the method is usually adopted in laboratories. (review of Zhongling, Wangjiabang, Yanghui. aluminum titanate materials [ J]Ceramic, 2008 (10: 10-15.). Al suppression using single oxide and complex oxide additives2TiO5Phase decomposition, improvement of thermal stability, which is closely related to lattice defects (Zhaojialiang, Luxudong, current research situation of oxide additive on mechanical properties and thermal stability of aluminum titanate ceramics [ J)]Refractory material 2020,54(03): 266-.
The morph-genetic material is a new concept in the field of material research, and aims to prepare advanced material with completely reserved biological complex microstructure. A series of natural plant fibers with micron-sized hollow structures exist in the nature, and all the natural plant fibers have hollow tubular structures and excellent heat insulation performance. If the hollowness of the kapok is more than 80 percent, the kapok fiber has extremely excellent warm keeping performance because of the extremely high hollowness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fibers by using kapok fibers. The method takes the natural kapok fiber as a template, adopts a morpheme method, and prepares the hollow aluminum titanate fiber capable of preserving the original appearance of the natural kapok fiber, thereby providing structural advantages for excellent heat-insulating performance.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fibers by using kapok fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the kapok fiber is used as a template, ethanol is used as a solvent, the kapok fiber is soaked in a mixed solution of aluminum nitrate, butyl titanate and magnesium chloride, the butyl titanate and the aluminum nitrate enter the tube wall of the kapok fiber, the magnesium chloride is used as a stabilizer, the kapok fiber is sintered at high temperature to generate chemical reaction to generate aluminum titanate, the aluminum titanate exists in the tube wall of the kapok fiber, the kapok fiber is decomposed and ablated at higher temperature, the aluminum titanate is left, and the hollow aluminum titanate fiber is obtained.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al (NO)3)3·9H2O), butyl titanate (Ti (OC)4H9)4) Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl)2·6H2O) is mixed and dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol to form Al2(1-x)MgxTi(1+x)O5The magnesium is taken as a stabilizer from magnesium chloride hexahydrate, x is 0.2 or 0.6, and ethanol accounts for 62-75 wt% of the total solution;
step 2, soaking the kapok fiber in the mixed solution for more than 15 min, fully soaking, squeezing, taking out, and drying at 60 ℃ for 12 h in a vacuum environment to obtain precursor fiber;
and 3, heating the precursor fiber to 1300-1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-10 ℃/min in an aerobic atmosphere, sintering, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-4 h to obtain the hollow aluminum titanate fiber.
Further, the dipping time described in step 2 is preferably 15 min.
Further, the temperature rise rate in step 3 is preferably 5 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is preferably 1400 ℃, the holding time is preferably 1 h, and the oxygen atmosphere is air or pure oxygen atmosphere.
The kapok fiber is used as a template, ethanol is used as a solvent, a magnesium salt is used as a stabilizer, the kapok fiber is soaked in a mixed solution of aluminum salt and butyl titanate, the butyl titanate and the aluminum salt enter the tube wall of the kapok fiber, and are sintered at high temperature to generate chemical reaction to generate aluminum titanate which exists in the tube wall of the kapok fiber, the kapok fiber is decomposed and ablated at higher temperature, and the stabilizer can effectively inhibit the decomposition of the aluminum titanate, so that the hollow aluminum titanate fiber is finally obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) compared with the traditional aluminum titanate ceramic, the kapok with high hollowness is adopted as the template, the prepared aluminum titanate fiber is of a hollow structure, the density is low, the hollowness is high, the air flows slowly relatively, the air can be divided into finer spaces, the air is effectively locked in the tubular fiber, the air flow is limited, and the structural advantage is provided for excellent heat insulation performance;
(2) the invention has low cost, simple preparation process and wide raw material source.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of aluminum titanate obtained in examples 1 and 2.
FIG. 2 is a low-magnification microstructure diagram of the hollow aluminum titanate fiber produced in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a high magnification microstructure of the hollow aluminum titanate fiber obtained in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a low-magnification microstructure diagram of the hollow aluminum titanate fiber produced in example 2.
FIG. 5 is a high magnification microstructure of the hollow aluminum titanate fiber obtained in example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fibers by using kapok fibers comprises the steps of taking the kapok fibers as templates, adopting ethanol as a solvent, soaking the kapok fibers in a mixed solution of aluminum nitrate, butyl titanate and magnesium chloride, enabling the butyl titanate and the aluminum nitrate to enter tube walls of the kapok fibers, taking the magnesium chloride as a stabilizer, sintering at a high temperature, carrying out a chemical reaction to generate aluminum titanate, enabling the aluminum titanate to exist in the tube walls of the kapok fibers, decomposing and ablating the kapok fibers at a high temperature, and leaving the aluminum titanate to obtain the hollow aluminum titanate fibers.
Using magnesium as stabilizer to form Al2(1-x)MgxTi(1+x)O5Wherein x = 0.2. Mixing aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al (NO)3)3·9H2O)7.6046 g, butyl titanate (Ti (OC)4H9)4) 5.1739 g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl)2·6H2O) 0.5152 g, dissolved in 50 ml of absolute ethanol to obtain a precursor solution, wherein the ethanol accounts for 75 wt% of the mass of the whole solution. Soaking the kapok fiber in the solution for 15 min, extruding the soaked kapok fiber to remove redundant solution, then putting the kapok fiber in a drying oven to dry for 12 h within the temperature range of 60 ℃, putting the dried kapok in a crucible, sintering in an electric furnace at the temperature of 1400 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1 h to prepare the kapok fiber-shaped aluminum titanate hollow fiber material. The material was aluminum titanate as shown by the X-ray diffraction pattern of fig. 1. FIG. 2 shows a scanning electron microscope high magnification photograph of the aluminum titanate fiber obtained, showing that the fiber is hollow. FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of aluminum titanate fibers showing a certain continuity of the fibers.
Example 2
A method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fiber by using kapok fiber, wherein magnesium element is used as stabilizer to form Al2(1-x)MgxTi(1+x)O5Wherein x = 0.6. Mixing aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al (NO)3)3·9H2O)7.6046 g, butyl titanate (Ti (OC)4H9)4) 13.7971 g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl)2·6H2O) 3.0910 g, dissolved in 50 ml of absolute ethanol to obtain a precursor solution, wherein the ethanol accounts for 62 wt% of the mass of the whole solution. Soaking kapok fiber in the solution for 15 min,squeezing the soaked kapok fiber to remove redundant solution, then placing the kapok fiber in a drying oven to dry for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, placing the dried kapok fiber in a crucible, sintering the kapok fiber in an electric furnace at the temperature of 1400 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1 hour to prepare the kapok fiber-shaped aluminum titanate hollow fiber material. The material was aluminum titanate as shown by the X-ray diffraction pattern of fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of the aluminum titanate fibers thus obtained showing that the fibers are hollow. FIG. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of aluminum titanate fibers showing a certain continuity of the fibers.

Claims (6)

1. A method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fibers by using kapok fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the kapok fiber is used as a template, ethanol is used as a solvent, the kapok fiber is soaked in a mixed solution of aluminum nitrate, butyl titanate and magnesium chloride, the butyl titanate and the aluminum nitrate enter the tube wall of the kapok fiber, the magnesium chloride is used as a stabilizer, the kapok fiber is sintered at high temperature to generate chemical reaction to generate aluminum titanate, the aluminum titanate exists in the tube wall of the kapok fiber, the kapok fiber is decomposed and ablated at higher temperature, the aluminum titanate is left, and the hollow aluminum titanate fiber is obtained.
2. The method for preparing the hollow aluminum titanate fiber by using kapok fiber according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al (NO)3)3·9H2O), butyl titanate (Ti (OC)4H9)4) Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl)2·6H2O) is mixed and dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol to form Al2(1-x)MgxTi(1+x)O5The magnesium is taken as a stabilizer from magnesium chloride hexahydrate, x is 0.2 or 0.6, and absolute ethyl alcohol accounts for 62-75 wt% of the total solution;
step 2, soaking the kapok fiber in the mixed solution, fully soaking, squeezing, taking out, and drying in a vacuum environment to obtain precursor fiber;
and 3, heating the precursor fiber to 1300-1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-10 ℃/min in an aerobic atmosphere, sintering, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-4 h to obtain the hollow aluminum titanate fiber.
3. The method of preparing a hollow aluminum titanate fiber using kapok fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 2, the dipping time is more than 15 min.
4. The method of preparing a hollow aluminum titanate fiber using kapok fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dipping time is 15 min.
5. The method of preparing a hollow aluminum titanate fiber using kapok fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: and 2, taking out, and drying at 60 ℃ for 12 h in a vacuum environment to obtain the precursor fiber.
6. The method of preparing a hollow aluminum titanate fiber using kapok fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 3, the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 1400 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1 h, and the aerobic atmosphere is air or pure oxygen atmosphere.
CN202011084839.XA 2020-10-12 2020-10-12 Method for preparing hollow aluminum titanate fiber by using kapok fiber Pending CN112174690A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114687009A (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-07-01 南京理工大学 Method for preparing Cu/C hollow wave-absorbing fiber by using kapok fiber

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CN101805192A (en) * 2010-03-26 2010-08-18 周绍春 Aluminium titanate nanofiber and preparation method thereof
CN106350899A (en) * 2016-08-24 2017-01-25 南京理工大学 Preparation method for hollow aluminum oxide fiber
CN109879666A (en) * 2019-04-17 2019-06-14 南京理工大学 The method for obtaining hollow yttrium-aluminium-garnet heat insulation fiber using bombax cotton
CN110156447A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-23 南京理工大学 The preparation method of hollow mullite heat insulation fiber

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CN101805192A (en) * 2010-03-26 2010-08-18 周绍春 Aluminium titanate nanofiber and preparation method thereof
CN106350899A (en) * 2016-08-24 2017-01-25 南京理工大学 Preparation method for hollow aluminum oxide fiber
CN109879666A (en) * 2019-04-17 2019-06-14 南京理工大学 The method for obtaining hollow yttrium-aluminium-garnet heat insulation fiber using bombax cotton
CN110156447A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-23 南京理工大学 The preparation method of hollow mullite heat insulation fiber

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114687009A (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-07-01 南京理工大学 Method for preparing Cu/C hollow wave-absorbing fiber by using kapok fiber
CN114687009B (en) * 2022-04-21 2024-01-05 南京理工大学 Method for preparing Cu/C hollow wave-absorbing fiber by using kapok fiber

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Application publication date: 20210105