CN112170774B - Casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth - Google Patents
Casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth Download PDFInfo
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- CN112170774B CN112170774B CN202011001060.7A CN202011001060A CN112170774B CN 112170774 B CN112170774 B CN 112170774B CN 202011001060 A CN202011001060 A CN 202011001060A CN 112170774 B CN112170774 B CN 112170774B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K11/00—Making cutlery wares; Making garden tools or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/22—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools
Abstract
The application discloses a casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth, which comprises a casting step, a water toughening treatment step, a feeding step, a forging step, a trimming step and a quenching step. And after the trimmed casting is washed clean, low-temperature tempering and quenching are carried out, so that the bucket tooth is obtained. According to the casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth, casting and forging are combined, the number of air holes of the bucket teeth is reduced, mechanical properties such as toughness, impact resistance and wear resistance of the bucket teeth are improved, and meanwhile, production cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bucket tooth manufacturing, in particular to a casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth.
Background
The bucket tooth is a cutting member of a construction machine such as an excavator, and is attached to a front edge of an excavator bucket, and cutting is performed by the bucket tooth during operation. The bucket tooth is used as a cutting member, and directly affects the effect of excavation and the efficiency of machinery, and therefore, high requirements are imposed on the strength, toughness, hardness, and wear resistance of the bucket tooth. The existing bucket tooth processing mode comprises casting and forging, the two modes respectively have advantages and disadvantages, for example, the casting is not limited by the size and the shape of a casting, the adaptability is good, the cutting amount is small, but the casting is easy to generate air holes in the casting process to form sand holes, the mechanical property and the wear resistance degree of the casting have certain defects, the mechanical property and the wear resistance degree of a forged part are good, but a forged part is easy to form surface cracks or scabs and layered fractures, and the cutting amount after the forming is large.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the application is to provide a casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth, which can improve the wear resistance, toughness and impact resistance of the bucket teeth, and therefore the service life of the bucket teeth is prolonged.
Another aim at of this application provides a simple structure, rationally distributed, convenient operation, the drawing of patterns is convenient, and is used for the mould of casting bucket tooth.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth comprises the following steps:
casting: filling a layer of lime at the bottom in the smelting furnace, and pouring a high manganese steel raw material into the smelting furnace for smelting to obtain molten steel at the temperature of 1600-1650 ℃; taking out the molten steel and standing for 1-2 min, and controlling the tapping temperature of the molten steel at 1480-1500 ℃; pouring the middle layer molten steel after standing into a mold, cooling for 10-15 min, and then demolding to obtain a primary blank casting;
water toughening treatment: tempering and heating the primary blank casting at 1050-1070 ℃; putting the tooth part of the tempered primary blank casting into a saline water quenching bath for 6-8S, and putting the whole primary blank casting into the quenching bath for water quenching;
a material adding step; tempering and heating the water-quenched primary blank casting piece to 800-850 ℃, drilling a pre-buried hole on the tooth surface of the primary blank casting piece through a punching machine, putting wear-resistant particles into the hole, and punching through a pressing machine to complete pre-shaping between the wear-resistant particles and the tooth surface, thereby obtaining a blank;
forging: tempering and heating the blank to 1000-1100 ℃, and then sending the blank into a horizontal forging machine for pre-forging and finish forging to remove air holes on the tooth surface and make the wear-resistant particles fully contact with the tooth surface so as to form a forged part;
trimming: after the forging piece is cooled to room temperature, trimming the forging piece;
quenching: and (4) washing the trimmed forged piece, tempering at low temperature and quenching to obtain the bucket tooth.
Preferably, the mold comprises a lower mold, an upper mold and a core-pulling mechanism, wherein a cavity is arranged at the upper end of the lower mold, a core is arranged at the lower end of the upper mold, a mounting hole is vertically and downwards arranged on the upper end surface of the upper mold, and the mounting hole extends into the core; sliding holes are formed in the left side face and the right side face of the mold core along the left-right direction, and communicating holes penetrate through the sliding holes and the mounting holes; the core pulling mechanism comprises two pulling ropes, two sliding rods and two springs, wherein the sliding rods are arranged in the sliding holes in a sliding mode, and the springs are arranged in the sliding holes and force the sliding rods to slide outwards; one end of the traction rope is arranged on the sliding rod, and the other end of the traction rope enters the mounting hole through the communicating hole; the upper die can be arranged above the lower die in a vertically moving mode, and when the upper die is in contact with the lower die, a forming cavity is formed among the core, the sliding rod and the die cavity and used for forming the primary blank casting. The advantages are that: when the mold is used, molten steel is cast into the cavity, the upper mold is moved downwards to enable the mold core to be inserted into the cavity, and after redundant molten steel is extruded, the primary blank casting piece is formed in the molding cavity; the die is simple in structure and convenient to use.
Preferably, the inner bottom of the mounting hole is provided with a fixed pulley, and the fixed pulley can guide the traction rope to prevent the traction rope from contacting the communication hole and the inner wall of the mounting hole; the upper die is provided with a driving cylinder, and the telescopic end of the driving cylinder is connected with one end, far away from the sliding rod, of the traction rope. The advantages are that: through it can automatic control to drive actuating cylinder the removal of haulage rope, the fixed pulley can be right the haulage rope plays the guide effect, prevents the haulage rope contacts at the removal in-process the intercommunicating pore and the inner wall of mounting hole, thereby avoids the haulage rope takes place wearing and tearing, can prolong the life of connecting the rope.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the cavity is provided with a containing groove for containing the slide rod, and one end of the slide rod, which is far away from the communicating hole, is provided with a chamfer structure. The method has the advantages that; before the die assembly, the pulling rope can be pulled to enable the sliding rod to slide inwards for a small distance (the length of the pulling rope is larger than the depth of the accommodating groove to ensure that the sliding rod can be inserted into the cavity), then the die assembly is carried out, the pulling rope is released after the die assembly, and under the action of the spring, the sliding rod slides outwards to enter the accommodating groove, so that the assembly precision between the die core and the cavity is improved, and the forming precision of a pin hole is improved.
Preferably, one end of the sliding rod, which is close to the communication hole, is provided with a receiving hole, and the receiving hole is used for receiving the spring. The advantages are that: because the space inside the core is limited, when the slide bar slides inwards to extrude the spring, the accommodating hole can accommodate the spring, so that the slide bar can be ensured to have larger expansion amount.
Preferably, the wear resistant particles are plate-like structures. The advantages are that: the surface area of the wear-resistant particles with the plate-shaped structure is large, so that the wear resistance of the tooth surface is improved.
Preferably, the surface of the wear-resistant particles, which is in contact with the tooth surface, is provided with a connecting part of a rod-shaped structure. The advantages are that: the connecting part can increase the contact area of the wear-resistant particles and the blank, so that the mounting stability of the wear-resistant particles is improved.
Preferably, one end of the connecting part, which is far away from the wear-resistant particles, is provided with an anti-falling block. The advantages are that: the stability of wear-resisting particle installation can be further improved through the anti-falling block.
Preferably, the weight of the lime in the casting step is 0.8-1.2% of the weight of the high manganese steel. The advantages are that: when the lime is used in a small amount, the lime cannot well cover the surface of the molten steel; when the lime is used in too much amount, more slag is generated, so that the separation difficulty of molten steel is increased; therefore, the lime is optimal when the weight of the lime is 0.8-1.2% of the weight of the high manganese steel, so that the lime can completely cover the surface of the molten steel, and more slag can not be generated.
Preferably, the concentration of sodium chloride in the brine quenching bath is 0.4-0.6 mol/L. The advantages are that: when the concentration of sodium chloride is too low, the puncture performance on the steam diaphragm is poor; when the concentration of the sodium chloride is too high, the heat conductivity of water is accelerated, so that the quenching time is greatly shortened, and the brittleness of the tooth part is increased; therefore, the concentration of sodium chloride is preferably 0.4 to 0.6mol/L, so that the steam diaphragm can be ensured to have a certain piercing effect, and the appropriate quenching time can be maintained, thereby ensuring the toughness and strength of the tooth part.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application lies in:
(1) in the casting step: because the inner bottom of the smelting furnace is provided with a layer of lime, the molten metal appears and rises along with the melting, and the slag covers the surface of the molten steel all the time, so that the slag can protect the molten steel, prevent the molten steel from sucking air and being excessively oxidized, can collect impurities in the high manganese steel and play a role in heat preservation and energy conservation; in addition, the molten steel is taken out and stands for 1-2 min, so that gas and impurities in the molten steel can float upwards, and the purity of the molten steel is improved; in addition, when the tapping temperature of the molten steel is controlled to be 1480-1500 ℃, after standing for 1-2 min, the temperature is about 1400 ℃, so that the casting is facilitated, cold shut caused by too low temperature during casting is avoided, or the molding time is prolonged caused by too high temperature during casting is avoided;
(2) the water toughening treatment step comprises: at the moment when the initial blank casting is contacted with water at high temperature, a steam diaphragm is generated between the initial blank casting and the water, and the steam diaphragm prevents the initial blank casting from being continuously contacted with the water; when the tooth part of the tempered primary blank casting piece is placed in a saline water quenching bath for 6-8 seconds, saline water can accelerate the breakage of a steam diaphragm, so that better structure and hardness are obtained, and the toughness and strength of the tooth part are improved;
(3) the feeding step comprises the following steps: the wear-resistant particles can be driven into the tooth surfaces of the primary blank casting in a pre-embedding mode, so that the blank is obtained;
(4) in the forging step: tempering and heating the blank to 1000-1100 ℃, and then sending the blank into a horizontal forging machine for pre-forging and finish forging to remove air holes on the tooth surface, so that the wear-resistant particles are fully contacted with the tooth surface, and a forged piece with good wear resistance is formed;
(5) the high manganese steel has good toughness and impact resistance, but has poor wear resistance, so that the toughness and impact resistance of the bucket teeth can be greatly improved; and because the tooth surface is filled with the wear-resistant particles, the wear resistance of the tooth surface of the bucket tooth can be greatly improved under the action of the wear-resistant particles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mold;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the core pulling mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a primary cast ingot;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the pre-buried holes in the primary cast product;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an abrasion resistant particle;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the bucket tooth.
In the figure: 10. a mold; 1. a lower die; 11. a cavity; 12. accommodating grooves; 2. an upper die; 21. a core; 22. mounting holes; 23. a slide hole; 24. a communicating hole; 3. a core-pulling mechanism; 31. a hauling rope; 32. a slide bar; 321. a chamfering structure; 322. an accommodation hole; 33. a spring; 34. a fixed pulley; 35. a driving cylinder; 20. casting the primary blank; 201. a pin hole; 30. pre-burying a hole; 40. wear resistant particles; 401. a rod-like structure; 402. an anti-falling block; 50. and (4) bucket teeth.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, for the terms of orientation, such as "central", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., it indicates that the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be construed as limiting the specific scope of protection of the present application.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for a forging bucket tooth 50 includes:
casting: filling a layer of lime at the bottom in the smelting furnace, and pouring a high manganese steel raw material into the smelting furnace for smelting to obtain molten steel at the temperature of 1600-1650 ℃; along with the melting, the molten metal appears and rises, and the slag covers the surface of the molten steel all the time, so that the slag can protect the molten steel, prevent the molten steel from sucking air and being excessively oxidized, can collect impurities in the high manganese steel, and has the functions of heat preservation and energy conservation. The weight of the lime is 0.8-1.2% of the weight of the high manganese steel, and when the dosage of the lime is too small, the lime cannot well cover the surface of the molten steel; when the lime is used in too much amount, more slag is generated, so that the separation difficulty of molten steel is increased; therefore, the lime is optimal when the weight of the lime is 0.8-1.2% of the weight of the high manganese steel, so that the lime can completely cover the surface of the molten steel, and more slag can not be generated. And taking out the molten steel, controlling the tapping temperature of the molten steel to 1480-1500 ℃, standing for 1-2 min to enable gas and inclusions in the molten steel to float upwards, so that the purity of the molten steel is improved, and in the standing process, scum on the surface layer of the molten steel can play a role in heat preservation to prevent the temperature of the molten steel from dropping too fast in the air. In addition, the tapping temperature of the molten steel is controlled to be 1480-1500 ℃, standing is carried out for 1-2 min, the temperature of the molten steel can still be controlled to be about 1400 ℃ after the scum on the surface layer is removed, at the moment, the middle-layer molten steel is poured into the mold 10, the temperature of the molten steel is proper, cold shut caused by too low temperature during casting is avoided, and the forming time is not prolonged caused by too high temperature during casting. And (3) after the molten steel is cooled for 10-15 min, demoulding to obtain an initial blank casting 20.
Water toughening treatment: tempering and heating the primary blank casting 20 at 1050-1070 ℃; and (3) putting the tooth part of the tempered primary blank casting piece 20 into a saline water quenching bath for 6-8 seconds, and then putting the whole primary blank casting piece 20 into the quenching bath for water quenching. At the moment the high-temperature primary blank casting 20 is contacted with water, a steam diaphragm is generated between the primary blank casting 20 and the water, and the steam diaphragm prevents the primary blank casting 20 from being continuously contacted with the water; when the tooth part of the tempered primary blank casting piece 20 is placed in a saline water quenching tank for 6-8 seconds, saline water can accelerate the rupture of a steam diaphragm, so that better tissue and hardness are obtained, and the toughness and strength of the tooth part are improved. Wherein the concentration of sodium chloride in the brine quenching bath is 0.4-0.6 mol/L; because the puncture performance to the steam diaphragm is poor when the concentration of the sodium chloride is too low; when the concentration of the sodium chloride is too high, the heat conductivity of water is accelerated, so that the quenching time is greatly shortened, and the brittleness of the tooth part is increased; therefore, the concentration of the sodium chloride is 0.4-0.6 mol/L, which not only can ensure a certain puncture effect on the steam diaphragm, but also can maintain proper quenching time, thereby ensuring the toughness and strength of the tooth part.
A material adding step; tempering and heating the water-quenched primary blank casting piece 20 to 800-850 ℃, drilling a pre-embedded hole 30 on the tooth surface of the primary blank casting piece 20 through a punching machine, putting the wear-resistant particles 40 into the hole, and punching through a pressing machine to complete pre-shaping between the wear-resistant particles 40 and the tooth surface; the wear-resistant particles 40 can be driven into the tooth surfaces of the primary blank casting 20 in a pre-embedding mode, so that a blank is obtained. The above-mentioned deficiencies of high manganese steels under low impact loads often result in workpieces having residual toughness and insufficient wear resistance, rapid wear failure, and severe deformation, resulting in short workpiece life. The wear-resistant particles 40 are preferably plate-shaped structures, and the wear-resistant performance of the tooth surface is improved due to the large surface area of the plate-shaped wear-resistant particles 40. The connecting part 401 of the rod-shaped structure is arranged on the surface, which is in contact with the tooth surface, of the wear-resistant particle 40, and the connecting part 401 can increase the contact area of the wear-resistant particle 40 and the blank, so that the mounting stability of the wear-resistant particle 40 is improved. The one end of keeping away from wear-resisting granule 40 on connecting portion 401 is equipped with anti-falling block 402, can further improve the stability of wear-resisting granule 40 installation through anti-falling block 402 to wear-resisting granule 40 drops in preventing the use. The wear-resistant particles 40, the connecting part 401 and the anti-falling block 402 are of an integral structure, the material is preferably high-chromium cast iron, the high-chromium cast iron is short for high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron and is a wear-resistant material with excellent performance and special attention, the wear-resistant material has much higher wear resistance than alloy steel and much higher toughness and strength than common white cast iron, and simultaneously has good high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and the wear-resistant material is convenient to produce and moderate in cost, so that the problem of insufficient wear resistance of high-manganese steel is solved, and the wear resistance of the tooth surface is greatly improved.
Forging: and tempering and heating the blank to 1000-1100 ℃, and then sending the blank into a horizontal forging machine for pre-forging and finish forging to remove air holes on the tooth surface and make the wear-resistant particles 40 fully contact with the tooth surface, thereby forming a forged part with excellent wear resistance.
Trimming: after the forged piece is cooled to room temperature, the forged piece is polished and trimmed, so that the surface of the forged piece is smooth and round, and hands are prevented from being scratched in the installation process.
Quenching: the trimmed forged piece is washed clean, tempered at low temperature, and quenched, thereby obtaining the bucket tooth 50.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a mold 10 includes a lower mold 1, an upper mold 2 and a core-pulling mechanism 3, wherein a cavity 11 is provided at the upper end of the lower mold 1, a core 21 is provided at the lower end of the upper mold 2, a mounting hole 22 is vertically and downwardly provided on the upper end surface of the upper mold 2, and the mounting hole 22 extends to the inside of the core 21; sliding holes 23 are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the mold core 21 along the left-right direction, and communicating holes 24 penetrate between the sliding holes 23 and the mounting holes 22; the core-pulling mechanism 3 comprises two pulling ropes 31, two sliding rods 32 and two springs 33, wherein the sliding rods 32 are arranged in the sliding holes 23 in a sliding mode, and the springs 33 are arranged in the sliding holes 23 and force the sliding rods 32 to slide outwards; one end of a pulling rope 31 is arranged on the sliding rod 32, and the other end of the pulling rope 31 enters the mounting hole 22 through the communication hole 24; the upper mold 2 is disposed above the lower mold 1 to be movable up and down, and when the upper mold 2 contacts the lower mold 1, a molding cavity 11 is formed between the core 21, the slide bar 32, and the cavity 11, and the molding cavity 11 is used for molding the blank casting 20. When the casting mold is used, molten steel is firstly cast into the cavity 11, then the upper mold 2 is moved downwards to enable the mold core 21 to be inserted into the cavity 11, and after excessive molten steel is extruded, the primary blank casting piece 20 is formed in the molding cavity 11. The interior bottom of mounting hole 22 is provided with fixed pulley 34, and fixed pulley 34 can lead haulage rope 31, avoids haulage rope 31 contact intercommunicating pore 24 and the inner wall of mounting hole 22 to avoid haulage rope 31 to take place wearing and tearing, can prolong the life who connects the rope. The upper die 2 is provided with a driving cylinder 35, the telescopic end of the driving cylinder 35 is connected with one end of the traction rope 31, which is far away from the slide rod 32, and the movement of the traction rope 31 can be automatically controlled through the driving cylinder 35. In addition, the accommodating groove 12 for accommodating the slide bar 32 is arranged on the inner side wall of the cavity 11, before mold closing, the slide bar 32 can slide inwards for a short distance (the length of the slide bar is larger than the depth of the accommodating groove 12 to ensure that the slide bar 32 can be inserted into the cavity 11) by pulling the pull rope 31, then mold closing is carried out, the pull rope 31 is released after mold closing, the slide bar 32 slides outwards under the action of the spring 33 to enter the accommodating groove 12, the assembly precision between the mold core 21 and the cavity 11 is improved, and the molding precision of the pin hole 201 is improved. The end of the sliding rod 32 far away from the communicating hole 24 is provided with a chamfer structure 321, and the chamfer structure 321 is not only beneficial for the sliding rod 32 to slide into the accommodating groove 12, but also can avoid scratching the inner wall of the accommodating groove 12 in the sliding process. In addition, the slide rod 32 is provided with a receiving hole 322 at one end adjacent to the communication hole 24, and the receiving hole 322 is used for receiving the spring 33; since the space inside the core 21 is limited, when the slide rod 32 slides inward to press the spring 33, the accommodation hole 322 functions to accommodate the spring 33, thereby ensuring a large amount of expansion and contraction of the slide rod 32.
The foregoing has described the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the application, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the application as claimed. The scope of protection claimed by this application is defined by the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The casting, forging and quenching integrated production process of the forging bucket teeth is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
casting: filling a layer of lime at the bottom in the smelting furnace, and pouring a high manganese steel raw material into the smelting furnace for smelting to obtain molten steel at the temperature of 1600-1650 ℃; taking out the molten steel and standing for 1-2 min, and controlling the tapping temperature of the molten steel at 1480-1500 ℃; pouring the middle layer molten steel after standing into a mold, cooling for 10-15 min, and then demolding to obtain a primary blank casting;
water toughening treatment: tempering and heating the primary blank casting at 1050-1070 ℃; putting the tooth part of the tempered primary blank casting into a saline water quenching bath for 6-8S, and putting the whole primary blank casting into the quenching bath for water quenching;
a material adding step; tempering and heating the water-quenched primary blank casting piece to 800-850 ℃, drilling a pre-buried hole on the tooth surface of the primary blank casting piece through a punching machine, putting wear-resistant particles into the hole, and punching through a pressing machine to complete pre-shaping between the wear-resistant particles and the tooth surface, thereby obtaining a blank;
forging: tempering and heating the blank to 1000-1100 ℃, and then sending the blank into a horizontal forging machine for pre-forging and finish forging to remove air holes on the tooth surface and make the wear-resistant particles fully contact with the tooth surface so as to form a forged part;
trimming: after the forging piece is cooled to room temperature, trimming the forging piece;
quenching: and (4) washing the trimmed forged piece, tempering at low temperature and quenching to obtain the bucket tooth.
2. The integrated production process for casting, forging and quenching the forging bucket teeth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the die comprises a lower die, an upper die and a core-pulling mechanism, a cavity is formed in the upper end of the lower die, a core is arranged at the lower end of the upper die, and a mounting hole is vertically and downwardly formed in the upper end surface of the upper die and extends into the core; sliding holes are formed in the left side face and the right side face of the mold core along the left-right direction, and communicating holes penetrate through the sliding holes and the mounting holes; the core pulling mechanism comprises two pulling ropes, two sliding rods and two springs, wherein the sliding rods are arranged in the sliding holes in a sliding mode, and the springs are arranged in the sliding holes and force the sliding rods to slide outwards; one end of the traction rope is arranged on the sliding rod, and the other end of the traction rope enters the mounting hole through the communicating hole; the upper die can be arranged above the lower die in a vertically moving mode, and when the upper die is in contact with the lower die, a forming cavity is formed among the core, the sliding rod and the die cavity and used for forming the primary blank casting.
3. The forging bucket tooth casting, forging and quenching integrated production process as claimed in claim 2, wherein a fixed pulley is arranged at the inner bottom of the mounting hole, and can guide the traction rope to prevent the traction rope from contacting the communication hole and the inner wall of the mounting hole; the upper die is provided with a driving cylinder, and the telescopic end of the driving cylinder is connected with one end, far away from the sliding rod, of the traction rope.
4. The casting, forging and quenching integrated production process of the forging bucket teeth as claimed in claim 2, wherein a containing groove for containing the sliding rod is formed in the inner side wall of the cavity, and a chamfer structure is formed in one end, far away from the communication hole, of the sliding rod.
5. The integrated casting, forging and quenching production process of the forging bucket teeth as claimed in claim 2, wherein one end, close to the communication hole, of the sliding rod is provided with a containing hole, and the containing hole is used for containing the spring.
6. The casting, forging and quenching integrated production process of the forging bucket tooth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant particles are of a plate-shaped structure.
7. The casting, forging and quenching integrated production process of the forging bucket tooth as claimed in claim 6, wherein the surfaces of the wear-resistant particles, which are in contact with the tooth surfaces, are provided with connecting parts of rod-shaped structures.
8. The casting, forging and quenching integrated production process of the forging bucket tooth as claimed in claim 7, wherein one end, far away from the wear-resistant particles, of the connecting part is provided with an anti-falling block.
9. The casting, forging and quenching integrated production process of the forging bucket teeth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight of lime in the casting step is 0.8-1.2% of the weight of the high manganese steel.
10. The casting, forging and quenching integrated production process of the forging bucket teeth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of sodium chloride in the brine quenching bath is 0.4-0.6 mol/L.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011001060.7A CN112170774B (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011001060.7A CN112170774B (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Casting, forging and quenching integrated production process for forging bucket teeth |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112170774A CN112170774A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
| CN112170774B true CN112170774B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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