CN112169810B - Biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000161 silver phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K silver phosphate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940019931 silver phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 superoxide anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
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- B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material, which comprises the following steps: s01, wood powder is treated to obtain xylose; s02, using the obtained xylose as a carbon source substance, using thionyl chloride as a sulfur and chlorine co-doping agent, fully dissolving the xylose and the thionyl chloride in deionized water, uniformly mixing to form a starting substance, and then transferring the starting substance into a hydrothermal reaction kettle; s03, after the reaction of the initial materials is finished and the initial materials are cooled to room temperature, centrifuging the obtained reaction solution, transferring the reaction solution into a cellulose dialysis bag for dialysis treatment, and freeze-drying the purified biomass carbon dot solution to obtain pure biomass carbon dot solid; s04, loading biomass carbon points on the wood single board. The invention also discloses a biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material and application thereof. The biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material and the preparation method and application thereof have the advantages of simple preparation process, capability of realizing industrial production, no pollution and recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic materials.
Background
As a novel low-cost carbon nanomaterial, the carbon dot has the advantages of stable optical performance, low toxicity, simple preparation, easy functionalization and the like, and has proved to have potential application prospects in the fields of photovoltaics, sensors, fluorescent probes, biological imaging and the like. In these advanced applications, research on carbon dots in the field of photocatalytic degradation has made many important progress due to the unique photoelectric properties of carbon dots. Photocatalysis is based on the fact that a catalyst has oxidation-reduction capability under the condition of illumination, so that the purposes of purifying pollutants, mildly producing, converting and the like, such as photodegradation of environmental pollutants, are achieved. In view of the excellent electron transfer/storage properties exhibited by carbon dots, many researchers have focused on the compounding of carbon dots with conventional photocatalysts to produce nanocomposite materials such as metal nanoparticles, metal redox mediators and semiconductors. In recent years, carbon dots have been successfully incorporated into materials such as titanium dioxide, copper oxide, silver phosphate, iron oxide, metal vanadate, etc., to improve the photocatalytic performance of conventional photocatalysts. However, the synthesis of these composite materials with photocatalytic properties involves multiple steps, and the process is complicated, which makes it difficult to realize industrialization. Also, the biggest limitation encountered when using these composites is that the metal components are difficult to recover and pose new pollution risks to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation process is simple, industrial production can be realized, and the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material has the advantages of no pollution and recycling.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material comprises the following steps:
s01, treating the wood powder to obtain xylose.
S02, using the obtained xylose as a carbon source substance, using thionyl chloride as a sulfur and chlorine co-doping agent, fully dissolving the xylose and the thionyl chloride in deionized water, uniformly mixing to form a starting substance, and then transferring the starting substance into a hydrothermal reaction kettle. The doping of a proper amount of elements can reduce band gap energy and enhance the absorption of visible light, in addition, the S-related functional group has a promoting effect on increasing the absorption of oxygen and reducing the oxygen into superoxide anions, and the Cl-related functional group is beneficial to the formation of an internal electric field, so that the biomass carbon dots have the characteristic of degrading organic dyes. The biomass carbon dots obtained in the invention have uniform particle size, stable blue fluorescence emission characteristic, rich sulfur, chlorine and oxygen groups on the surface, and excellent performance of photocatalytic degradation of organic dye, and the energy gap matched with visible light absorption is formed.
S03, centrifuging the obtained reaction solution after the reaction of the initial materials in the hydrothermal reaction kettle is finished and the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, transferring the reaction solution into a cellulose dialysis bag for dialysis treatment, and freeze-drying the purified biomass carbon dot solution to obtain pure biomass carbon dot solid;
s04, loading biomass carbon points on the wood single board.
S01, the specific process is as follows: by dilute H 2 SO 4 Pretreating wood powder, leaching and filtering the wood powder under the conditions of alkaline solution and heating, regulating the pH value of the filtrate to be neutral by using HCl, heating and evaporating the water in the filtrate in a boiling water bath, cooling, adding a certain amount of ethanol, and precipitating to obtain xylose.
S04, the specific process is as follows: dispersing the obtained biomass carbon dot solid in deionized water, placing the wood veneer in a biomass carbon dot solution, carrying out impregnation treatment under normal pressure, and drying the impregnated wood veneer under room temperature.
Dilute H 2 SO 4 The mass fraction of (2) is 1%, the pretreatment temperature is 60 ℃, and the time is 1h.
The mass fraction of NaOH in the alkaline solution is 10%; dilute H 2 SO 4 The solid-liquid ratio of the treated wood powder to the alkaline solution is 1:12, and the ratio unit is g/mL; the temperature of the leaching treatment is 110 ℃ and the time is 2 hours; the concentration of HCl is 6mol/L; the mass fraction of ethanol is 95%.
In S02, the concentration of xylose in the starting material is 10-30 mg/mL; the volume fraction of the thionyl chloride in the deionized water is 1-5%; the hydrothermal treatment temperature is 160-220 ℃ and the time is 4-8 h.
In S03, the temperature of freeze drying the biomass carbon dots is-70 to-50 ℃ and the drying time is 24 to 72 hours.
The concentration of biomass carbon points in deionized water is 1-2 mg/mL; the wood veneer is a conifer wood veneer with the thickness of 1-3 mm, which is obtained by sawing, rotary cutting or planing; the wood veneer is immersed in the biomass carbon dot solution for 24 to 72 hours under normal pressure.
The biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material prepared by the preparation method.
The biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material is applied to photocatalytic degradation of organic dye in water pollutants. The composite photocatalytic material obtained by the invention has the performance of stabilizing photocatalytic degradation of organic dye, the degradation efficiency of methylene blue reaches 80-90%, and the efficiency of the composite photocatalytic material after being repeatedly used for degrading the organic dye can still reach 60-70% after 5 times of circulation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the biomass resource wood powder with wide sources and low price is used as a raw material, and xylose is extracted from the raw material by a simple method to serve as a carbon source substance.
2. Xylose is easy to react with thionyl chloride under the hydrothermal treatment condition to form carbon points with the surfaces rich in oxygen-containing, chlorine-containing and sulfur-containing groups, and the hydrothermal method is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable for macro preparation of biomass carbon points, and meets the requirements of industrial production.
3. The biomass carbon dot has excellent catalytic performance under visible light, and can realize the efficient degradation of organic dye; under sunlight, the degradation efficiency of biomass carbon points to methylene blue can reach more than 90%.
4. By utilizing the porous characteristic of wood and adopting an atmospheric pressure impregnation method, biomass carbon points with photocatalysis performance are uniformly and stably loaded on the surface and in pore channels of a wood veneer through capillary action and hydrogen bonding, and the recyclable composite photocatalysis material is prepared. The normal pressure impregnation method is simple to operate and low in energy consumption, and can realize large-scale production and application of biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic materials.
5. The degradation efficiency of the prepared composite photocatalytic material on methylene blue reaches 80-90%, and after 5 times of recycling, the degradation efficiency of the composite photocatalytic material on methylene blue can still reach 60-70%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing emission spectra of biomass carbon dots according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron microscopy image of biomass carbon dots of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the photocatalytic degradation degree of biomass carbon dots to organic dye in specific example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the comparison of the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material of the embodiment 1 of the present invention for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the extent of photocatalytic cycle degradation of organic dye by the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material according to specific example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a transmission electron microscopy image of biomass carbon dots of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Adopting diluted H with mass fraction of 1% 2 SO 4 Pretreating wood powder for 1h at 60 ℃, then adding NaOH with the mass fraction of 10% and the solid-liquid ratio of 1:12 (g: mL), leaching the wood powder at 110 ℃, filtering, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate to be neutral by using HCl with the concentration of 6 mol/L. Then heating and evaporating water in boiling water bath, cooling, adding a certain amount of 95% ethanol, and precipitating to obtain xylose. Accurately weighing 0.2g of xylose, and fully dissolving in 10mL of thionyl chloride solution with volume fraction of 2% to form an initial mixed solution. And performing hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution, setting the treatment temperature to 200 ℃ and the treatment time to 6 hours, and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain a yellow liquid product. And (3) centrifuging and dialyzing the product to remove large carbon particles in the product, thereby obtaining a pure biomass carbon dot solution. Then transferred to a clean plastic culture dish and placed in a freeze dryer, and freeze-dried for 72 hours at-50 ℃ to obtain pure biomass carbon dot solid. And dispersing a solid sample of 20mg biomass carbon dots in 10mL of deionized water, loading the biomass carbon dots on the surface and in the pore canal of the wood veneer in a mode of immersing the wood veneer with the thickness of 2mm in the biomass carbon dot solution for 48 hours at normal pressure, and drying to obtain the composite photocatalytic material based on the biomass carbon dots.
As shown in fig. 1, the synthesized biomass carbon dots exhibit typical excitation wavelength dependent fluorescence emission behavior with emission wavelengths between 450 and 600nm at 320-440 nm excitation. As shown in fig. 2, the biomass carbon dots have good light absorption behavior in the visible light region, so as to realize photocatalytic degradation performance of visible light driving. As shown in fig. 3, the transmission electron microscope test result shows that the biomass carbon dots are in a spherical structure and uniformly dispersed. As shown in fig. 4, the biomass carbon dots have excellent photocatalytic degradation performance on the organic dye solution, and the degradation curve is shown in the figure. As shown in fig. 5, compared with the wood veneer, the composite photocatalytic material based on the biomass carbon dots has obvious color change, which indicates that the biomass carbon dots are successfully dispersed on the surface and in the pore channels of the wood veneer. As shown in fig. 6, the composite photocatalytic material based on biomass carbon dots has excellent capability of repeatedly degrading the organic dye solution, and the cyclic degradation curve is shown in the figure.
Example 2
Adopting diluted H with mass fraction of 1% 2 SO 4 Pretreating wood powder for 1h at 60 ℃, then adding NaOH with the mass fraction of 10% and the solid-liquid ratio of 1:12 (g: mL), leaching the wood powder at 110 ℃, filtering, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate to be neutral by using HCl with the concentration of 6 mol/L. Then heating and evaporating water in boiling water bath, cooling, adding a certain amount of 95% ethanol, and precipitating to obtain xylose. Accurately weighing 0.1g of xylose, fully dissolving in 10mL of thionyl chloride solution with volume fraction of 5%, and forming an initial mixed solution. And performing hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution, setting the treatment temperature to 160 ℃ and the treatment time to 8 hours, and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain a yellow liquid product. And (3) centrifuging and dialyzing the product to remove large carbon particles in the product, thereby obtaining a pure biomass carbon dot solution. Then transferred to a clean plastic culture dish and placed in a freeze dryer, and freeze-dried for 24 hours at the temperature of-70 ℃ to obtain pure biomass carbon dot solid. Dispersing a solid sample of 10mg biomass carbon dots in 10mL deionized water, loading the biomass carbon dots on the surface and in the pore canal of a wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm by immersing the wood veneer in a biomass carbon dot solution for 24 hours under normal pressure, and drying to obtain the biomass carbon dot-based solid sampleIs a composite photocatalytic material of (a).
Example 3
Adopting diluted H with mass fraction of 1% 2 SO 4 Pretreating wood powder for 1h at 60 ℃, then adding NaOH with the mass fraction of 10% and the solid-liquid ratio of 1:12 (g: mL), leaching the wood powder at 110 ℃, filtering, and adjusting the pH of the filtrate to be neutral by using HCl with the concentration of 6 mol/L. Then heating and evaporating water in boiling water bath, cooling, adding a certain amount of 95% ethanol, and precipitating to obtain xylose. Accurately weighing 0.3g of xylose, fully dissolving in 10mL of thionyl chloride solution with volume fraction of 1%, and forming an initial mixed solution. And performing hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution, setting the treatment temperature to 220 ℃ and the treatment time to 4 hours, and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain a yellow liquid product. And (3) centrifuging and dialyzing the product to remove large carbon particles in the product, thereby obtaining a pure biomass carbon dot solution. Then transferred to a clean plastic culture dish and placed in a freeze dryer, and freeze-dried for 48 hours at the temperature of minus 60 ℃ to obtain pure biomass carbon dot solid. And dispersing a solid sample of 15mg biomass carbon dots in 10mL of deionized water, loading the biomass carbon dots on the surface and in the pore canal of the wood veneer in a mode of immersing the wood veneer with the thickness of 3mm in the biomass carbon dot solution for 72 hours at normal pressure, and drying to obtain the composite photocatalytic material based on the biomass carbon dots.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s01, wood powder is treated to obtain xylose;
s02, using the obtained xylose as a carbon source substance, using thionyl chloride as a sulfur and chlorine co-doping agent, fully dissolving the xylose and the thionyl chloride in deionized water, uniformly mixing to form a starting substance, and then transferring the starting substance into a hydrothermal reaction kettle;
s03, centrifuging the obtained reaction solution after the reaction of the initial materials in the hydrothermal reaction kettle is finished and the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, transferring the reaction solution into a cellulose dialysis bag for dialysis treatment, and freeze-drying the purified biomass carbon dot solution to obtain pure biomass carbon dot solid;
s04, loading biomass carbon points on a wood veneer, wherein the concrete process comprises the following steps: dispersing the obtained biomass carbon dot solid in deionized water, placing the wood veneer in a biomass carbon dot solution, carrying out impregnation treatment under normal pressure, and drying the impregnated wood veneer under room temperature.
2. The method for preparing the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s01, the specific process is as follows: by dilute H 2 SO 4 Pretreating wood powder, leaching and filtering the wood powder under the conditions of alkaline solution and heating, regulating the pH value of the filtrate to be neutral by using HCl, heating and evaporating the water in the filtrate in a boiling water bath, cooling, adding a certain amount of ethanol, and precipitating to obtain xylose.
3. The method for preparing the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: dilute H 2 SO 4 The mass fraction of (2) is 1%, the pretreatment temperature is 60 ℃ and the time is 1h.
4. The method for preparing the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mass fraction of NaOH in the alkaline solution is 10%; dilute H 2 SO 4 The solid-liquid ratio of the treated wood powder to the alkaline solution is 1:12, and the ratio unit is g/mL; the temperature of the leaching treatment is 110 ℃ and the time is 2h; the concentration of HCl is 6mol/L; the mass fraction of ethanol is 95%.
5. The method for preparing the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in S02, the concentration of xylose in the starting material is 10-30 mg/mL; the volume fraction of the thionyl chloride in the deionized water is 1-5%; the hydrothermal treatment temperature is 160-220 ℃ and the time is 4-8 h.
6. The method for preparing the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in S03, the temperature of freeze drying the biomass carbon dots is-70 to-50 ℃ and the drying time is 24 to 72h.
7. The method for preparing the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the concentration of biomass carbon points in deionized water is 1-2 mg/mL; the wood veneer is a conifer wood veneer with the thickness of 1-3 mm, which is obtained by sawing, rotary cutting or planing; the wooden veneer is immersed in the biomass carbon dot solution at normal pressure for 24-72 h.
8. A biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of the biomass carbon dot/wood composite photocatalytic material according to claim 8 for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes in water pollutants.
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