CN112165280B - Auxiliary current transformation topological system - Google Patents
Auxiliary current transformation topological system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112165280B CN112165280B CN202011017111.5A CN202011017111A CN112165280B CN 112165280 B CN112165280 B CN 112165280B CN 202011017111 A CN202011017111 A CN 202011017111A CN 112165280 B CN112165280 B CN 112165280B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
- H02P1/30—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor by progressive increase of frequency of supply to primary circuit of motor
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel auxiliary variable flow topology system, which comprises an alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor and a storage battery, wherein the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor drives a diesel engine to work; the storage battery comprises a first storage battery and a second storage battery; the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor is connected with a DC/DC, the DC/DC is connected with the first storage battery, the second storage battery is connected with a first AC/DC through a switch, the first AC/DC is connected with two parallel DC/ACs, and the two parallel DC/ACs are respectively connected with an air compressor with a load; the diesel engine has the characteristics of large load torque and variation along with the variation of the rotating speed, so that the starting of the diesel engine is difficult. The scheme adopts a variable-frequency starting mode of the diesel engine, so that the diesel engine can be well started.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of industrial automation, in particular to a novel auxiliary variable flow topological system.
Background
The auxiliary system is an important component of the internal combustion locomotive, has the functions of starting of a diesel engine, supplying power to the auxiliary system, supplying excitation to a main generator, ventilating and cooling a traction motor, ventilating and cooling a radiator of the diesel engine, supplying pressure air to an air system and the like, and plays an important role in maintaining the starting and normal operation of the locomotive.
The traditional diesel locomotive always adopts an auxiliary system mainly based on mechanical transmission, a direct current starting generator is used for starting a diesel engine, after the starting is finished, the motor is converted into a power generation working condition, a storage battery is charged, and power is supplied to an auxiliary loop, an air compressor motor, a control loop and an illumination loop. The air compressor motor, the traction motor ventilator and the like are driven by direct current motors. The system has the advantages of simple technology and mature technology, but occupies more space of the locomotive, has high production and manufacturing difficulty and high failure rate, and is difficult to ensure the reliability of the locomotive.
In the aspect of variable frequency starting of diesel engines, GE company has adopted a variable frequency starting scheme for diesel engines designed for diesel locomotives. In the scheme, a main generator is used as a direct-current commutatorless motor and works under the working condition of the motor, and an excitation winding of the main generator needs to be connected with a shunt resistor in parallel to realize series excitation control. The control scheme has simple principle, but is relatively complex to realize, and has poor control effect on the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel auxiliary variable flow topological system aiming at the defects of the prior art, which can start a diesel engine with forward and reverse rotation directions without steering judgment and adjustment.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a novel auxiliary variable flow topological system, which comprises an alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor and a storage battery, wherein the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor drives a diesel engine to work; the storage battery comprises a first storage battery and a second storage battery;
the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor is connected with a DC/DC, the DC/DC is connected with the first storage battery, the second storage battery is connected with a first AC/DC through a switch, the first AC/DC is connected with two parallel DC/ACs, and the two parallel DC/ACs are respectively connected with an air compressor with a load.
Further, a filter inductor, a first contactor and an air switch are sequentially connected in series between the DC/AC and the air compressor; and a filter capacitor is connected in parallel between the filter inductor and the first contactor.
Further, a second contactor is connected between input lines of the two air compressors.
Further, the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor further comprises a second AC/DC, the second AC/DC is connected with the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor, and the first AC/DC and the second AC/DC are connected in parallel.
Further, the first AC/DC is a three-phase controllable rectifying unit which consists of 6 IGBTs; the second AC/DC is a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying unit which consists of 6 diodes.
Further, the first AC/DC can normally work in four quadrants, and the first AC/DC is matched with the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor.
Further, in the variable frequency starting process of the diesel engine, the first AC/DC works under an inversion working condition.
Further, when the diesel engine works normally, the first AC/DC works under a rectification working condition.
Further, when the diesel engine starts to be started, the first storage battery generates direct current, and the direct current/direct current supplies current to the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor;
meanwhile, a second storage battery generates direct current, and the direct current passes through the closed switch and provides current for the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor after being excited by the first AC/DC;
the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor drives the diesel engine to work after being started;
after the diesel engine normally works, the switch is switched off, the diesel engine drives the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor to generate three-phase alternating current, a direct current power grid is formed through the first AC/DC, and the alternating current is inverted into alternating current through the DC/AC respectively and supplied to the air compressor to drive the air compressor to normally work.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the diesel engine has the characteristics of large load torque and variation along with the variation of the rotating speed, so that the starting of the diesel engine is difficult. The scheme adopts a variable-frequency starting mode of the diesel engine, so that the diesel engine can be well started;
a direct-current starting generator and a gearbox required by starting of the transmission diesel engine are omitted, the system maintenance requirement is reduced, the maintenance is convenient, and the space in the vehicle is greatly saved;
the excitation winding of the AC auxiliary synchronous motor adopts a parallel excitation mode, and DC current is introduced to the rotor side for excitation to form a rotating magnetic pole (namely a rotating magnetic field or a synchronous magnetic field). Alternating current is introduced to the stator for excitation, and a rotating magnetic field is established. This can optimize the starting control strategy, significantly improving the starting torque;
the diesel engine with forward and reverse rotation directions can be started without judging and adjusting the direction of rotation;
the variable-frequency synchronous motor realizes multiple functions of variable-frequency starting of the diesel engine, excitation of the alternating-current auxiliary synchronous motor, provision of an auxiliary power grid, driving of the air compressor to work normally and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel auxiliary converter topology;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel auxiliary variable flow topology system;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the topology of the battery.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, a novel auxiliary variable flow topology system includes an ac auxiliary synchronous motor 11 and a storage battery, where the ac auxiliary synchronous motor 11 drives a diesel engine 10 to operate; the batteries include a first battery 13 and a second battery 14;
the AC auxiliary synchronous motor 11 is connected to DC/DC12, the DC/DC12 is connected to the first battery 13, the second battery 14 is connected to a first AC/DC16 through a switch 15, the first AC/DC16 is connected to two parallel DC/AC18, and the two parallel DC/AC18 are connected to the on-board air compressor 19.
A filter inductor 21, a first contactor 22 and an air switch 23 are sequentially connected in series between the DC/AC18 and the air compressor 19; a filter capacitor 25 is connected in parallel between the filter inductor 21 and the first contactor 22.
A second contactor 24 is connected between the input lines of the two air compressors 19.
The system further comprises a second AC/DC17, wherein the second AC/DC17 is connected with the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11, and the first AC/DC16 and the second AC/DC17 are connected in parallel.
The first AC/DC16 is a three-phase controllable rectifying unit and consists of 6 IGBTs; the second AC/DC17 is a three-phase non-controllable rectifying unit consisting of 6 diodes.
The first AC/DC16 is capable of operating normally in four quadrants, the first AC/DC16 cooperating with the AC auxiliary synchronous machine 11.
In the variable frequency starting process of the diesel engine 10, the first AC/DC16 works under an inversion working condition.
When the diesel engine 10 is operating normally, the first AC/DC16 is operating in a rectified mode.
A novel auxiliary converter topology system:
when the diesel engine 10 starts to start, the first storage battery 13 generates direct current, and after the direct current passes through the DC/DC, the direct current provides current for the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11;
meanwhile, the second storage battery 14 generates direct current, and supplies current to the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11 after being excited by the first AC/DC16 through the closed switch 15;
the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11 drives the diesel engine 10 to work after being started;
after the diesel engine 10 works normally, the switch 15 is turned off, the diesel engine 10 drives the AC auxiliary synchronous motor 11 to generate three-phase AC power, the three-phase AC power passes through the first AC/DC16 to form a DC power grid, and the DC/AC18 is converted into AC power by inversion, and the AC power is supplied to the air compressor 19 to drive the air compressor 19 to work normally.
This novel supplementary current transformation topological system: the method comprises two parts of diesel engine variable frequency starting and auxiliary variable flow system normal operation.
The alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11 is adopted to replace the prior direct current starter generator and gearbox, the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11 works under the working condition of the motor at the frequency conversion starting part of the diesel engine 10, and works under the working condition of the engine at the auxiliary converter system part. Therefore, the multifunctional motor realizes multiple purposes, and can save a direct current motor specially used for starting in the traditional structure.
The rectification unit in the sharing main loop, this rectification unit adopts two independent rectification units to connect in parallel, can realize the equipment redundancy when normal work, these two rectification units that connect in parallel are: a three-phase controllable rectifying unit (IGBT) and a three-phase non-controllable rectifying unit (diode). The purpose that the three-phase controllable rectifying unit adopts IGBT is that: the rectified single flow can work in four quadrants, so that the rectification single flow is matched with the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11, namely, the frequency conversion starting part of the diesel engine 10 works in an inversion working condition, and the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11 works in a rectification working condition.
And when the three-phase controllable rectifying unit works in an inversion working condition, an I/F control strategy is adopted. When the rectifier works under the rectification working condition, the invention is not controlled as an uncontrollable rectification mode.
Two mutually independent and same inversion units are adopted to realize redundancy, and both the two inversion units adopt a V/F control strategy.
A power conversion module is introduced which in this topology is used to chop up the battery's voltage (74V) to a control voltage (110V), which also powers the diesel and lube pumps due to the requirements of subsequent functions.
The AC auxiliary synchronous motor 11 is adopted to replace the traditional DC motor and the conventional gearbox, so that the structure is simplified, and the space in the vehicle is saved. The ac auxiliary synchronous motor 11 has the following two operating conditions: the diesel engine is used as a synchronous motor, works under the working condition of the motor, and is started through an I/F control strategy. And secondly, the motor is used as a synchronous generator, and after the variable frequency starting of the diesel engine is finished, the motor works under the working condition of the generator to supply three-phase symmetrical alternating current for a subsequent rectifying unit. The rated speed of the motor is 1000r/min, the motor is brushed and ventilated forcibly, and the excitation winding adopts a parallel excitation mode.
The invention relates to a design of a rectifying unit (AC/DC) of a main loop, wherein the rectifying unit is formed by connecting a three-phase controllable rectifying unit (IGBT) and a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying unit (diode) in parallel so as to realize the redundancy of the rectifying unit. The core of the part is the design of the three-phase controllable rectifying unit, and the three-phase controllable rectifying unit needs to work under an inversion working condition in the variable-frequency starting process of the diesel engine. And in the normal working process of the auxiliary converter system, the three-phase controllable rectifying unit and the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying unit both work under the rectifying working condition. Therefore, the rectifying unit needs to work normally in four quadrants, so the invention adopts a three-phase controllable rectifying unit (IGBT). When the three-phase controllable rectifying unit works in an inversion working condition, an I/F control strategy is adopted. When the rectifier works under the rectification working condition, the rectifier is not controlled, namely uncontrollable rectification is realized.
The design structure of redundancy of the inversion units is adopted, the total power of the two loaded air compressors is used as the design requirement of each inversion unit (A, B), and for example, when a single inversion unit (such as the unit A) breaks down, the normally working unit B can be overloaded for a short time to drive the two air compressors to work normally. Due to the current limitation of the three-phase controllable rectifying unit, the B inverter unit which normally works needs to carry out frequency reduction and voltage reduction later, so that the two air compressors can work under the working condition of half load or the working condition slightly lower than the working condition of full load, and the specific working condition is related to the load curve of the air compressors.
Compared with the traditional auxiliary converter system, the invention also introduces a power supply module, and the power supply module is formed by connecting two mutually independent power supply modules in parallel to realize the power supply redundancy of the power supply module. The power supply module in the topology of the invention chops the battery supply dc voltage (74V) up to a control voltage (110V) and, in addition, supplies the fuel pump and the lubricating oil pump with power due to functional requirements.
(1) The direct-current starting generator and the gearbox required by starting the transmission diesel engine are eliminated, the system maintenance requirement is reduced, the maintenance is convenient, and the space in the vehicle is greatly saved.
(2) The excitation winding of the ac auxiliary synchronous motor 11 adopts a parallel excitation mode, and a rotor is excited by a direct current to form a rotating magnetic pole (i.e., a rotating magnetic field or a synchronous magnetic field). Alternating current is introduced to the stator for excitation, and a rotating magnetic field is established. This can optimize the launch control strategy and significantly increase the launch torque.
(3) The diesel engine with two steering directions of positive and negative rotation can be started without judging and adjusting the steering direction.
(4) The variable-frequency starting of the diesel engine is realized, the excitation of the synchronous motor is assisted by alternating current, an auxiliary power grid is provided, and the air compressor is driven to work normally.
The novel auxiliary variable flow topological system has the following specific working process:
variable frequency starting of diesel engine
When the diesel engine is started, the rectifying unit in the main loop works under an inversion working condition to invert the direct current of the storage battery into three-phase alternating current to be supplied to the auxiliary generator, and the auxiliary generator runs electrically to drive the diesel engine to start. Starting by adopting a constant voltage frequency ratio, and chopping direct current by a chopper to provide exciting current for the motor. The size of the exciting current can be directly controlled by controlling the duty ratio of the chopper, and the duty ratio can be adjusted through a ring, so that the exciting current is stabilized at a given value.
The ac auxiliary synchronous motor 11 adopts bilateral excitation: the rotor is excited by direct current to form a rotating magnetic pole (namely a rotating magnetic field or a synchronous magnetic field). Alternating current is introduced to the stator for excitation, and a rotating magnetic field is established.
A rotor part: according to the voltage amplitude and the frequency signal of the AC auxiliary synchronous motor 11, the storage battery (74VDC) is chopped and boosted to a control voltage 110VDC, and the duty ratio of the storage battery can be adjusted through a loop, so that the exciting current of the AC auxiliary synchronous motor 11 is controlled and adjusted.
A stator part: the storage battery (74VDC) is a power supply, and an I/F control strategy is adopted, and compared with a V/F control strategy, the control strategy can realize direct tracking control on current. The I/F adopts double closed loop control, comprising a speed loop and a current loop.
Because of the existence of rotor excitation, the frequency of the three-phase alternating current inverted by the inverter of the storage battery is adjusted to be very low, so that the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field is very low, and because the rotating magnetic poles (rotor magnetic field) are dragged by the rotating magnetic field in a magnetic pulling mode to rotate synchronously, the motor rotates at very low rotating speed, and then the frequency of the three-phase alternating current is gradually increased, so that the rotating speed of the rotor can be gradually increased until the rotating speed is 120r/min (namely the ignition point of the diesel engine), the diesel engine is ignited, the starting part is disconnected, and the starting of the diesel engine is finished.
The starting process of the diesel engine is as follows:
(1) detecting rotor initial position
(2) Controlling switch tube (IGBT) to carry out constant voltage frequency ratio inversion
(3) When the motor reaches a certain rotating speed, the flux weakening control is carried out so as to further improve the rotating speed
(4) When the ignition speed of the diesel engine is reached, the starting process is finished
(5) Normal operation of air compressor
When the air compressor normally works, the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor 11 works under the working condition of the generator to generate three-phase symmetrical alternating current, at the moment, the rectifying unit in the main loop works under the rectifying working condition to rectify the three-phase symmetrical alternating current into direct current to charge the supporting capacitor, and then the supporting capacitor supplies the direct current to generate the three-phase symmetrical alternating current through inversion to drive the air compressor to normally work.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An auxiliary conversion topology system, characterized by: the device comprises an alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor (11) and a storage battery, wherein the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor (11) drives a diesel engine (10) to work; the accumulator comprises a first accumulator (13) and a second accumulator (14);
the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor (11) is connected with a DC/DC (12), the DC/DC (12) is connected with the first storage battery (13), the second storage battery (14) is connected with a first AC/DC (16) through a switch (15), the first AC/DC (16) is connected with two parallel DC/AC (18), and the two parallel DC/AC (18) are respectively connected with an air compressor (19);
when the diesel engine (10) starts to start, the first storage battery (13) generates direct current, and after the direct current/direct current passes through the direct current/direct current, the direct current/direct current supplies current to the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor (11);
meanwhile, a second storage battery (14) generates direct current, and the direct current passes through the closed switch (15) and is excited by the first AC/DC (16) to provide current for the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor (11);
the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor (11) drives the diesel engine (10) to work after being started;
after the diesel engine (10) normally works, the switch (15) is disconnected, the diesel engine (10) drives the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor (11) to generate three-phase alternating current, a direct current power grid is formed through the first AC/DC (16), the alternating current power grid is converted into alternating current through the DC/AC (18) inverter respectively, and the alternating current power grid is supplied to the air compressor (19) to drive the air compressor (19) to normally work.
2. An auxiliary variable flow topology system according to claim 1, characterized by: a filter inductor (21), a first contactor (22) and an air switch (23) are sequentially connected in series between the DC/AC (18) and the air compressor (19); and a filter capacitor (25) is connected in parallel between the filter inductor (21) and the first contactor (22).
3. An auxiliary variable flow topology system according to claim 2, characterized in that: a second contactor (24) is connected between the input lines of the two air compressors (19).
4. An auxiliary variable flow topology system according to claim 1, characterized by: further comprising a second AC/DC (17), said second AC/DC (17) being connected with said alternating current auxiliary synchronous machine (11), said first AC/DC (16) and said second AC/DC (17) being connected in parallel.
5. An auxiliary variable flow topology system according to claim 4, characterized by: the first AC/DC (16) is a three-phase controllable rectifying unit and consists of 6 IGBTs; the second AC/DC (17) is a three-phase non-controllable rectifying unit consisting of 6 diodes.
6. An auxiliary variable flow topology system according to claim 5, characterized by: the first AC/DC (16) can normally work in four quadrants, and the first AC/DC (16) is matched with the alternating current auxiliary synchronous motor (11).
7. An auxiliary variable flow topology system according to claim 6, characterized by: and in the variable-frequency starting process of the diesel engine (10), the first AC/DC (16) works under an inversion working condition.
8. An auxiliary variable flow topology system according to claim 7, characterized by: when the diesel engine (10) normally operates, the first AC/DC (16) operates under a rectification condition.
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| EP0152719A1 (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electric synchronous machine excited through rotated rectifiers |
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