CN112162085A - Experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrate - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on a pore natural gas hydrate, which consists of a microscope 1, a camera 2, a computer 3, a micro model 4, a thermocouple 17, a double cooling chamber 11, a freezing bath circulator 12, a water pump 5, a water storage tank 16, a methane gas cylinder 18 and a screw pump 10, wherein the microscope is connected with the camera and the computer; the double cooling chambers are connected with a freezing bath circulator, the outer cavities of the double cooling chambers are filled with circulating cooling liquid, and the inner cavities of the double cooling chambers are filled with distilled water; the micro-model is located two cooling chamber inner chambers, and the thermocouple is located distilled water, and micro-model center sculpture porose graticule mesh for simulation hydrate sedimentary deposit, about the latticed mesh respectively distribute 2 round holes that communicate with the latticed mesh, water pump, water storage tank are connected to one of them round hole, and screw pump, methane-gas cylinder are connected to another round hole that is diagonal distribution. The invention has reliable principle and simple and convenient operation, can truly simulate the drilling working condition of the natural gas hydrate and effectively solves the problem that the generation amount of the hydrate and the stable area are reduced by salinity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrates in the field of natural gas hydrate exploitation research.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is also called as combustible ice, is a non-stoichiometric cage-shaped crystal substance formed by natural gas and water under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure, is used as an unconventional natural gas resource and is mainly distributed in deep sea sediments and land permafrost zones, the total amount of the global natural gas hydrate resource is estimated to be twice of the total reserve of the traditional fossil fuel, and the natural gas hydrate is a substitute energy which has the highest exploitation potential after shale gas, coal bed gas and dense gas and is likely to become an important part of a global energy structure in the future. In the existing natural gas hydrate exploitation process, exploitation is performed by injecting saline water, but salts belong to hydrate inhibitors, the stability of the natural gas hydrate is reduced due to the presence of the salts, the induction time is prolonged along with the increase of salinity, the hydrate formation amount is reduced, once the hydrates are formed, the salinity of the surrounding free water is increased, the further generation of the hydrates is inhibited, and the thicknesses of the existing region and the stable region of the hydrates are reduced. Therefore, the research on the generation and decomposition of natural gas hydrate in sandstone pores and the search for proper salinity are one of the fundamental problems and key technologies to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device for simulating the influence of salinity on a pore natural gas hydrate, which has reliable principle and simple and convenient operation, can truly simulate the drilling working condition of the natural gas hydrate, is used for solving the problem that the salinity reduces the generation amount and the stable area of the hydrate, further develops the natural gas hydrate and provides guidance for the production of a drilling site.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
An experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrate is composed of a microscope, a camera, a computer, a micro model, a thermocouple, two cooling chambers, a freezing bath circulator, a water pump, a water storage tank, a methane gas cylinder and a screw pump.
The microscope connected with the light source is connected with the camera, the camera is connected with the computer, the microscope is used for observing the change of the hydrate in real time, and the camera records and transmits signals to the computer.
The double cooling chambers are provided with outer chambers and inner chambers, outer chamber inlets and inner chamber inlets are distributed at the bottoms of the double cooling chambers, outer chamber outlets and inner chamber outlets are distributed at the tops of the double cooling chambers, the double cooling chambers are connected with a freezing bath circulator, circulating cooling liquid is filled in the outer chambers, and distilled water is filled in the inner chambers.
The micro-model is positioned in the inner cavity of the double cooling chambers, and the thermocouple is positioned in distilled water below the micro-model.
The micro-model is a cuboid, a porous grid is etched in the center of the micro-model and used for simulating a hydrate deposition layer, 2 round holes communicated with the porous grid are distributed on the left and right of the porous grid, one of the round holes is connected with a water pump and a water storage tank through a plastic pipe, and the other round hole distributed in a diagonal line is connected with a screw pump and a methane gas cylinder through a steel pipe.
Further, the microscope is connected with a camera, changes of the hydrate are observed in real time in a video mode, the camera records and transmits signals, and a relation curve graph of the hydrate amount and the salinity is obtained in a computer.
Furthermore, the light source is a photon LED lamp with model being cold light 5500K and is used for illuminating the observation area of the model.
Furthermore, the micro model is positioned at the center of the inner cavity of the double cooling chambers, the length of the micro model is 2.8cm, the width of the micro model is 2.2cm, the height of the micro model is 1.7mm, the aperture of the round hole is about 100 mu m, and the maximum pressure bearing capacity is 150 bar.
Further, the plastic pipe is 1/16 inches, and the steel pipe is 1/8 inches.
Furthermore, saline water is filled in the water storage tank, and the concentration of the saline water is respectively 2%, 3.5% or 5%.
Further, methane gas is filled in the methane gas cylinder, and the gas concentration of the methane gas is 99.5%.
Further, the water pump passes through the gate valve and links to each other with a certain round hole of micromodel, and the screw pump passes through the gate valve and links to each other with another round hole of micromodel, and two round holes are diagonal distribution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the use is convenient, and the simulation effect is good;
(2) the change rule of the influence of salinity on the pore natural gas hydrate can be clearly obtained;
(3) the method is convenient to operate, and the simulation result of the method is consistent with the actual working condition of the natural gas hydrate drilling well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental apparatus for simulating the influence of salinity on the pore natural gas hydrate according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the micromodel of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the dual cooling chamber of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph of salinity versus hydrate mass.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a microscope, a camera, a computer, a micro model, a water pump, a screw pump, a cooling chamber, a refrigerating bath circulator, a light source, a plastic pipe, a steel pipe, a water storage tank, a thermocouple, a methane gas cylinder, a circular hole, an outer cavity inlet, an inner cavity inlet, an outer cavity outlet, an inner cavity outlet, an outer cavity outlet, an inner cavity outlet, an outer cavity outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples in order to facilitate the understanding of the invention by a person skilled in the art. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in scope to the specific embodiments, but is intended to cover various modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
See fig. 1. An experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrates is composed of a microscope 1, a camera 2, a computer 3, a micro model 4, a thermocouple 17, a double cooling chamber 11, a freezing bath circulator 12, a water pump 5, a water storage tank 16, a methane gas cylinder 18 and a screw pump 10, wherein the microscope 1 connected with a light source 13 is connected with the camera 2, the camera is connected with the computer 3, the microscope is used for observing changes of the hydrates in real time, and the camera records and transmits signals to the computer; the double cooling chambers 11 are provided with outer chambers 28 and inner chambers 29, outer chamber inlets (23 and 24) and inner chamber inlets 25 are distributed at the bottoms of the double cooling chambers, outer chamber outlets 26 and inner chamber outlets 27 are distributed at the tops of the double cooling chambers, the double cooling chambers are connected with the freezing bath circulator 12, circulating cooling liquid is filled in the outer chambers, and distilled water is filled in the inner chambers; the micromodel 4 is positioned in the inner cavity of the double cooling chamber, and the thermocouple 17 is positioned in the distilled water below the micromodel.
See fig. 2. The micro-model is a cuboid, a porous grid is etched in the center of the micro-model and used for simulating a hydrate deposition layer, 2 round holes (19, 20, 21 and 22) communicated with the porous grid are distributed on the left and the right of the porous grid respectively, one round hole 19 is connected with the water pump 5 and the water storage tank 16 through a plastic pipe 14, and the other round hole 22 distributed in a diagonal manner is connected with the screw pump 10 and the methane gas cylinder 18 through a steel pipe 15.
See fig. 3. The circulating cooling liquid enters the outer cavity 28 of the double cooling chamber 11 through the inlets 23, 24 and flows out through the outlet 26, and the distilled water enters the inner cavity 29 of the double cooling chamber 11 through the inlet 25 and flows out through the outlet 27.
Examples
In order to understand the present invention more clearly, the following examples are given as examples.
The device is used for simulating the influence of salinity on the pore natural gas hydrate, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
the first step is as follows: and (5) preparing. Before the simulation, the micromodel 4 is first connected to the plastic tube 14, immersed in the lumen, the gate valves 7, 8, 9 are opened and distilled water is filled into the chamber covering the micromodel 4, the water storage tank 16 and the methane gas cylinder 18 are filled with the respective fluids, the micromodel is then flushed with brine, the micromodel is then pressurized to 40-50 bar with a water pump, the gate valves 7, 8, 9 are closed and the pore network is filled with liquid.
The second step is that: and (5) preparing the hydrate. The methane gas is pressurized to 10-15 bar above the micromould pressure and the gate valve 9 is opened and after the methane gas has reached about 50% saturation, the micromould is pressurized and cooled to the hydrate forming conditions obtained, mostly 83 bar and 4.0 ℃.
The third step: the formation of the hydrate was recorded. During cooling, a camera was set up to take a picture every one minute to observe hydrate formation.
The fourth step: and (4) decomposing the hydrate. The pressure of the micromodel was lowered to about 3bar above the theoretical decomposition pressure (30-50 bar) and subsequently lowered in 0.7bar increments, for each interval, first recorded for 5-20 minutes, the fluid behaviour in the micromodel was determined, and then images were taken every minute, once the pressure had stabilized for a sufficiently long time, the temperature was raised to 2 ℃ below the steady condition, and then further raised in 0.1 ℃ increments until the hydrate had completely decomposed.
The fifth step: and continuously increasing the concentration of the salt solution, repeating the test, comparing the change of the natural gas hydrate under different conditions, and drawing a relation curve chart of the hydrate amount and the salinity.
See fig. 4. With the increase of the salinity of the abscissa, the hydrate begins to generate slowly at the salinity of 1.15 percent by weight, and as can be seen in the figure, the saturation of the hydrate is increased slowly firstly and then the increase amplitude is weakened, and as the salinity is further increased, the hydrate begins to decompose slowly, which shows that the salinity is favorable for the generation of the hydrate within a certain range, and once the salinity exceeds or falls below the range, the salt is a hydrate inhibitor and is not favorable for the generation of the hydrate.
Claims (4)
1. An experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrates is composed of a microscope (1), a camera (2), a computer (3), a micro model (4), a thermocouple (17), double cooling chambers (11), a freezing bath circulator (12), a water pump (5), a water storage tank (16), a methane gas cylinder (18) and a screw pump (10), and is characterized in that the microscope (1) connected with a light source (13) is connected with the camera (2), and the camera is connected with the computer (3); the double cooling chambers (11) are provided with outer chambers (28) and inner chambers (29), the bottoms of the double cooling chambers are provided with outer chamber inlets and inner chamber inlets, the tops of the double cooling chambers are provided with outer chamber outlets and inner chamber outlets, the double cooling chambers are connected with the freezing bath circulator (12), the outer chambers are filled with circulating cooling liquid, and the inner chambers are filled with distilled water; the micro model (4) is positioned in the inner cavity of the double cooling chambers, and the thermocouple (17) is positioned in distilled water below the micro model; the micro-model is a cuboid, a porous grid is etched at the center of the micro-model and used for simulating a hydrate deposition layer, 2 round holes communicated with the porous grid are distributed on the left and right sides of the porous grid, one of the round holes is connected with a water pump (5) and a water storage tank (16) through a plastic pipe (14), and the other round hole distributed diagonally is connected with a screw pump (10) and a methane gas cylinder (18) through a steel pipe (15).
2. The experimental facility for simulating the effect of salinity on pore natural gas hydrates as claimed in claim 1, wherein said microscope is used to observe the changes of hydrates in real time, the camera records and transmits signals to the computer, and the computer obtains the relationship graph of the hydrate amount and salinity.
3. The experimental facility for simulating the influence of salinity on the pore natural gas hydrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro model is located in the center of the inner cavity of the double cooling chamber, and has the length of 2.8cm, the width of 2.2cm, the height of 1.7mm, the aperture of a round hole of about 100 μm and the maximum pressure bearing of 150 bar.
4. The experimental facility for simulating the influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrates as claimed in claim 1, wherein brine is filled in the water storage tank, and the brine concentration is 2%, 3.5% or 5% respectively.
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| CN202011033549.2A CN112162085A (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrate |
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| CN202011033549.2A CN112162085A (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Experimental device for simulating influence of salinity on pore natural gas hydrate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112452277A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-09 | 西南石油大学 | Hydrate formation experimental apparatus under influence of memory effect |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112452277A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-09 | 西南石油大学 | Hydrate formation experimental apparatus under influence of memory effect |
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Application publication date: 20210101 |