CN112161057A

CN112161057A - Be used for pressure kettle end cover seal structure

Info

Publication number: CN112161057A
Application number: CN202011037646.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘光; 张新虎; 施瑶; 李准; 姜军; 黄桥高
Original assignee: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Current assignee: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Priority date: 2020-09-28
Filing date: 2020-09-28
Publication date: 2021-01-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a sealing structure for an end cover of a pressure kettle, which consists of a cylinder and a sealing end cover; the sealing end cover comprises a main base, a driving disc and a crank sliding block mechanism. Four slide rails of the crank slide block mechanism are arranged on the upper part of the main base along the radial direction, and the slide block moves along the slide rails. Two ends of the crank are respectively connected with the slide block and the driving disc to realize the transmission of the slide block and the driving disc; the slider is connected with the 90-degree arc-shaped cutting block. The driving disc is placed in the corresponding groove to complete the installation of the main base. The sealing end cover is matched with the cylinder body, the driving disc is driven by the rotation of the external driving force, and the reciprocating linear motion of the four cutting blocks is realized simultaneously through the crank-slider mechanism. The cutting block moves outwards along the radial direction in the crank block mechanism, the outer edge of the sliding block is tightly pressed on the upper surface of the annular groove of the cylinder body to realize locking, and the main base tightly presses the end face sealing ring and the annular sealing ring to ensure the sealing effect. The cutting block reciprocates under the drive of external force, realizes the lock tightly and opens the sealed end cover function.

Description

Be used for pressure kettle end cover seal structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-pressure container sealing and end cover locking device, in particular to a novel pressure kettle end cover sealing structure, and belongs to the field of high-pressure container equipment.

Background

An autoclave is a common industrial device, which is a pressure vessel capable of applying high pressure inside. For some pressure-bearing structures, the pressure resistance of the pressure-bearing structures needs to be tested in order to ensure the safety of the structures, and the inside of the pressure kettle can provide a high-pressure environment. Because the testing pressure is usually relatively high, the sealing performance of the testing device must be ensured to ensure the smooth operation of the test and the safety of the equipment personnel.

Pressure vessels such as pressure vessels generally comprise an end cap and a cylinder, the end cap and the cylinder are usually connected by a bolt or an external clamp, and a sealing ring is disposed on the end surface of the cylinder contacting the end cap and tightly pressing the two end surfaces to complete sealing. The clamp structure is high in cost, and the phenomenon that the O-shaped ring is extruded into a gap easily occurs in the repeated opening and closing process, so that serious consequences are caused.

The prior published technical document "application of sealing technology of pressure vessels in special environments" ("chemical engineering design" 2017, 4 th) indicates that for pressure vessels with large diameters, the precision of a flange sealing surface is difficult to guarantee, so that the sealing effect is influenced. In order to ensure safety, the number of bolts required by the traditional mechanical connection is large, the workload of clamping and disassembling the end cover is large, the pretension sealing surface given by the bolt can be well contacted difficultly in a pretension force state, and a weak place can be sealed and failed firstly. For a container with high internal pressure, because the flange sealing surfaces are uneven, gaps among the sealing surfaces tend to be expanded in the pressurizing process, and when the gaps are too large, the effect of the end face sealing ring is influenced, so that leakage occurs. It is therefore desirable to provide a reasonable solution to the problem of sealing large diameter pressure vessels.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sealing structure for an end cover of a pressure kettle.

The invention solves the technical problem by adopting the technical scheme that the device comprises a cylinder body and a sealing end cover, wherein the sealing end cover comprises a main base, a driving disc, a slider-crank mechanism, an end face sealing ring, a circumferential sealing ring and a connecting lug; the main base is provided with a sealing groove along the circumferential ring surface, a circumferential sealing ring is arranged in the groove, and a circular groove is formed in the middle of the main base and used for placing a driving disc; the upper part of the driving disc is provided with a rectangular connecting lug, the connecting lug is provided with a through hole, and four screw holes are uniformly distributed on the driving disc in the circumferential direction;

the crank-slider mechanism comprises a crank, a slider, four sliding rails, a cutting block, a connecting piece and a screw, wherein the four sliding rails are uniformly distributed and arranged on the upper end surface of the main base along the radial direction, and the slider is matched with the sliding rails and moves along the sliding rails; through holes are formed in the two ends of the crank, one end of the crank is connected with the sliding block, and the other end of the crank is connected with the driving disc through a screw, so that the transmission of the crank and the driving disc is realized; the sliding block is connected with the cutting block through a connecting piece in a welding way; the inclination of the locking inclined plane of the groove of the cylinder body is not more than 5 degrees, and the cutting block is contacted with the groove when driven by external force to reciprocate, so that the functions of locking and opening the sealing end cover are realized;

the through hole of the connecting lug on the driving disc is higher than the upper end surface of the cylinder body, so that the rotating rod is positioned in the through hole, the rotating rod rotates to drive the driving disc, and the reciprocating linear motion of the four cutting blocks is realized through the crank-slider mechanism;

the cutting blocks are of 90-degree arc structures, and when the four cutting blocks are not expanded outwards, the outer diameter of a formed ring is the same as the maximum outer diameter of the main base and is not larger than the maximum opening diameter of the cylinder;

the height of the inner wall surface of the cylinder body is smaller than the thickness of the ring surface of the main base, so that the end face sealing ring is guaranteed to be pressed when the sealing end cover moves downwards under the action force of the locking inclined plane.

The main base is made of elastic alloy steel.

The end face sealing ring and the annular sealing ring are nitrile rubber sealing rings.

The circular groove on the main base is in clearance fit with the driving disc.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides a sealing structure for an end cover of a pressure kettle, which consists of a cylinder and a sealing end cover; the sealing end cover comprises a main base, a driving disc, a crank sliding block mechanism and four 90-degree arc-shaped cutting blocks. Four slide rails of the crank slide block mechanism are arranged on the upper part of the main base along the radial direction, and the slide block moves along the slide rails. Two ends of the crank are respectively connected with the slide block and the driving disc to realize the transmission of the slide block and the driving disc; the slider is connected through the welding mode with 90 degrees arc-shaped dicing. The driving disc is placed behind the corresponding groove pit and connected with two ends of the crank, and the main base is installed. After the sealing end cover is placed in the cylinder body stably, the driving disc is driven by the rotation of the external driving force, and the reciprocating linear motion of the four cut blocks is realized simultaneously through the crank-slider mechanism. The four cutting blocks move outwards along the radial direction under the crank sliding block mechanism, the cylinder presses the outer edge of the sliding block on the upper surface of the annular groove to realize locking, then the main base presses the end face sealing ring to form radial sealing, and the annular sealing ring is arranged to further ensure the overall sealing performance of the high-pressure kettle. The combined action of the radial seal and the annular seal ring ensures the sealing effect.

According to the quick and effective connection and contraction mode and the sealing method of the end cover and the cylinder body of the pressure kettle, the blocks can be firmly clamped by the locking inclined surface along with the gradual increase of the internal pressure of the cylinder body during the block cutting operation. The cutting block can contact with the cutting block when reciprocating under the driving of external force, so that the functions of locking and opening the sealing end cover are realized; meanwhile, the external force rotates once to complete the simultaneous reciprocating motion of the four blocks to realize the locking and the loosening of the end cover, and the workload is greatly saved.

Drawings

The sealing structure for the end cover of the autoclave according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the end cap seal arrangement for an autoclave of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the end cap of the seal for the end cap seal structure of the autoclave of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

In the drawings

1. Cylinder 2, main base 3, driving disc 4, crank 5, slide block 6, slide rail 7, cutting block 8, connecting piece 9, screw 10, end sealing ring 11, ring sealing ring 12, locking inclined plane 13, cylinder inner wall surface 14, main base ring surface 15, connecting convex block

Detailed Description

The embodiment is a sealing structure for an end cover of an autoclave.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the sealing structure for the end cap of the pressure kettle in the present embodiment is composed of a cylinder 1 and a sealing end cap; the sealing end cover comprises a main base 2, a driving disc 3, a slider-crank mechanism, an end face sealing ring 10, a circumferential sealing ring 11 and a connecting lug 15, wherein the upper portion of the inner wall of the open end of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a step end face matched with the main base 2 and used for providing positioning support for the main base 2, the step end face is provided with an end face sealing ring groove, the upper portion of the inner wall of the cylinder body is provided with an annular groove close to the cylinder opening, and the upper wall face of the groove is provided with a locking inclined face. A sealing groove is arranged on the circumferential ring surface of the main base 2, a circumferential sealing ring 11 is arranged in the groove, a circular groove is formed in the middle of the main base 2, and the groove is used for placing the driving disc 3; the upper part of the driving disc 3 is provided with a rectangular connecting lug, the connecting lug is provided with a through hole, and four screw holes are uniformly distributed on the driving disc in the circumferential direction. When the main base 2 is installed, the driving disc 3 is placed into the corresponding groove and then connected with the two ends of the crank 4, and the main base 2 is installed. Then, after the sealing end cover is placed in the cylinder body 1 to be stabilized, the disc 3 is driven to rotate through external driving force, along with the fact that the four cutting blocks 7 move outwards along the radial direction under the crank block mechanism, the upper surface of the circumferential groove of the cylinder body presses the outer edge of the sliding block to achieve locking, then the main base 2 presses the end face sealing ring to form radial sealing, and the radial sealing ring and the circumferential sealing ring jointly act to guarantee the sealing effect.

In the embodiment, the crank-slider mechanism comprises a crank 4, a slider 5, slide rails 6, a cutting block 7, a connecting piece 8 and a screw 9, wherein the four slide rails 6 are uniformly distributed on the upper end surface of the main base 2 along the radial direction, the slider 5 is matched with the slide rails 6, and the slider 5 moves along the slide rails; through holes are formed at two ends of the crank 4, one end of the crank 4 is connected with the sliding block, and the other end of the crank 4 is connected with the driving disc 3 through screws to realize transmission of the two; the sliding block 5 is connected with the 90-degree arc-shaped cutting block 7 in a welding mode through a connecting piece 8; the inclination of the locking inclined plane of the groove of the cylinder body is not more than 5 degrees, and the cutting block can contact with the groove when reciprocating under the driving of external force, so that the functions of locking and opening the sealing end cover are realized.

The through hole of the connecting lug in the middle of the driving disc 3 is higher than the upper end surface of the cylinder body, so that the rotating rod is positioned in the rotating hole, the rotating rod rotates to drive the driving disc, and the reciprocating linear motion of the four cutting blocks is realized through the crank-slider mechanism; the end cover is pressed or loosened.

The cutting blocks 7 are of 90-degree arc structures, and when the four cutting blocks are not expanded outwards, the outer diameter of the formed ring is the same as the maximum outer diameter of the main base 2, and cannot be larger than the maximum opening diameter of the cylinder. The height of the inner wall surface 13 of the cylinder is smaller than the thickness of the ring surface 14 of the main base, so that the end face sealing ring can be pressed when the sealing end cover moves downwards under the action of the locking inclined surface.

In this embodiment, the main base 2 is made of elastic alloy steel. The end face seal ring 10 and the annular seal ring 11 are nitrile rubber seal rings. Circular recess and drive disc clearance fit on the main base, circular recess scribbles lubricating oil.

Carrying out the process

In this embodiment, when the end cap is assembled, the driving disc 3 is placed in the circular groove on the end surface of the main base 2, the four 90-degree arc-shaped cutting blocks 7 are connected with the sliding block 5 into a whole, the sliding block 5 is placed in the sliding rail 6, then, one end of the crank 4 is sleeved into the shaft on the upper portion of the sliding block 5, and the other end of the crank 4 is connected with the threaded hole in the driving disc 3 through the screw 9, so that the end cap is assembled. Before the sealing end cover is placed into the cylinder body, four 90-degree arc-shaped cutting blocks are required to move along the radial direction to form a closed circular ring; after the end face seal ring 10 and the annular seal ring 11 are respectively sleeved into the seal grooves, the assembled seal end cover is slowly placed into the cylinder body and is placed on a horizontal end face arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body. After the end cover is placed stably, a rotating rod is inserted into a rotating hole of a connecting lug of the driving disc 3, the driving rotating rod drives the driving disc to rotate, the four cutting blocks are driven by the slider-crank mechanism to be gradually clamped into grooves in the cylinder body, the end cover moves downwards under the acting force of a tight locking surface of the groove of the cylinder body, the contact surface of the end face sealing ring is pressed, and connection and sealing of the end cover are completed.

Claims

1. A sealing structure for an end cover of a pressure kettle comprises a cylinder body and a sealing end cover, wherein the sealing end cover comprises a main base, a driving disc, a slider-crank mechanism, an end face sealing ring, a circumferential sealing ring and a connecting lug; the main base is provided with a sealing groove along the circumferential ring surface, a circumferential sealing ring is arranged in the groove, and a circular groove is formed in the middle of the main base and used for placing a driving disc; the upper part of the driving disc is provided with a rectangular connecting lug, the connecting lug is provided with a through hole, and four screw holes are uniformly distributed on the driving disc in the circumferential direction;

2. The sealing structure for the end cover of the pressure kettle according to claim 1, wherein the main base is made of elastic alloy steel.

3. The end cover sealing structure for the pressure kettle according to claim 1, wherein the end face sealing ring and the circumferential sealing ring are nitrile rubber sealing rings.

4. The seal structure for the end cap of the autoclave as set forth in claim 1, wherein the circular groove of the main base is in clearance fit with the driving disk.