CN112160881A

CN112160881A - Wind power generation device and installation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112160881A
Application number: CN202011026162.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗安菄
Original assignee: Mecal Beijing Engineering Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Mecal; Mecal Beijing Engineering Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-25
Filing date: 2020-09-25
Publication date: 2021-01-01

Abstract

The embodiment of the specification discloses a wind power generation device and an installation method thereof, wherein the device comprises: big mass component, damping device and generating set major structure, wherein, big mass component with generating set major structure passes through swing joint spare and connects, big mass component can pass through swing joint spare with generating set major structure takes place relative motion, damping device's one end is connected big mass component, damping device's the other end is connected generating set major structure or swing joint spare, damping device is used for slowing down relative motion. This device can also improve whole wind generating set's dynamic characteristic when satisfying the part installation connection requirements such as transformer, when generating set major structure vibration, can also realize the effect of energy dissipation, damping.

Description

Wind power generation device and installation method thereof

Technical Field

The embodiment of the specification relates to the technical field of wind driven generators, in particular to a wind power generation device and an installation method thereof.

Background

Wind energy is a renewable green environment-friendly energy source, is effectively developed and utilized to generate electricity under the conditions of global energy shortage and increasingly serious environmental pollution, and has considerable development prospect both in economic benefit and social benefit. Compared with other energy sources, the wind energy has obvious advantages that the storage capacity is large and is 10 times of that of water energy, the distribution is wide, the water energy is inexhaustible, the wind power generation is the most common form of utilizing the wind energy by contemporary people, and the wind power generation is developed rapidly since the end of the 19 th century.

Wind energy is converted into mechanical energy through the impeller, the generator converts the mechanical energy into electric energy, the electric energy is connected through a line, the voltage of the transformer is boosted, and the electric energy is connected to a central power station of a wind power plant in a high-voltage mode. The purpose of high voltage transmission is to reduce the current and the investment in the line for lower requirements on the cross section of the line compared to lower voltages for the same capacity.

With the development of wind power generation technology, the single machine power generation capacity is larger and larger, and the power generation and transformation modes are inevitably changed due to the increase of the single machine capacity, the early wind power generation transformer is generally placed on the ground, the line from the engine room to the transformer is a low-voltage line, but the current of the low-voltage line is continuously increased along with the continuous increase of the single machine capacity, so that the cost occupation ratio of the line is also continuously increased. Therefore, the transformer is arranged on the tower of the existing large-capacity wind generating set, so that the transmission cable in the tower barrel is a high-voltage cable, the section requirement of the cable is reduced, the insulation requirement of the cable is improved due to the increase of relative voltage, the cost is increased, and when the certain capacity is reached, the transmission of a high-voltage line is more economical than the transmission of low voltage. Meanwhile, the transformer is arranged on the tower, and the tower has the advantages of no need of ground transformer position land acquisition, small line loss, good maintainability, good heat dissipation and the like.

The existing transformer installed in the tower barrel is generally fixedly connected with a generator set body structure, such as welded or screwed.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the specification provides a wind power generation device and an installation method and device thereof, which can meet the installation and connection requirements of components such as a transformer and the like, improve the dynamic characteristics of the whole wind power generation unit, and realize the effects of energy dissipation and vibration reduction when the main structure of the wind power generation unit vibrates.

The embodiment of the specification is realized by the following steps:

the embodiment of this specification provides a wind power generation set, the device includes: big mass component, damping device and generating set major structure, wherein, big mass component with generating set major structure passes through swing joint spare and connects, big mass component can pass through swing joint spare with generating set major structure takes place relative motion, damping device's one end is connected big mass component, damping device's the other end is connected generating set major structure or swing joint spare, damping device is used for slowing down relative motion.

The embodiment of the specification provides a method for installing a wind power generation device, which comprises the following steps:

selecting a connection point position connected with the movable connecting piece in the main structure of the generator set;

fixing one end of the movable connecting piece at the connecting point position, wherein the movable connecting piece can rotate by taking the connecting point position as a center;

lifting a large mass element by using a lifting device, and connecting the other end of the movable connecting piece with the large mass element;

and installing a damping device according to a preset direction, wherein the preset direction is determined by the estimated movement direction of the large mass element, and the estimated movement direction is determined by the setting direction and the setting position of the movable connecting piece.

One embodiment of the present description achieves the following advantageous effects: carry out swing joint to big mass component and generating set body structure through swing joint's mode, under the effect of outside wind force, big mass component can take place for generating set body mechanism's motion, adopts damping device to carry out the energy dissipation to big mass component to slow down big mass component's vibration amplitude and vibration time.

In addition, when the large-mass element is a transformer and other devices, the transformer and the damping device form a passive vibration reduction system, the system can adjust the vibration frequency of the system to be close to the main frequency of the main structure of the generator set, and the energy can be transferred from the main structure of the generator set to the passive vibration reduction system through interaction with the main structure of the generator set, so that the aim of reducing the vibration of the main structure of the generator set is fulfilled.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a wind power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a wind power generation device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a wind power generation device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a wind turbine generator provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an installation method of a wind power generation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail and completely with reference to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present specification, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort fall within the scope of protection of one or more embodiments of the present specification.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present description are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In a wind power generation apparatus, large-mass components such as a transformer need to be installed inside a main structure of a generator set in order to reduce current loss and cost due to an increase in the capacity of the generator set. The common mode is that the generator set is fixed on the generator set body structure by welding or screw fixation. However, since the height of the wind power generator is relatively high, often several tens of meters or even hundreds of meters, and the wind power generator is installed in an environment with relatively large wind force, the generator set body structure may swing under the action of external wind force. Too big amplitude can cause wind generating set's destruction, and the resonance of this device aims at avoiding wind generating set major structure destroys, can control wind generating set major structure's amplitude simultaneously.

When the large-mass element is a transformer and other devices, the transformer and the damping device form a passive vibration damping system. Under the effect of external wind force, the damping device can respond rapidly, absorb energy and play a good vibration damping effect, and the vibration response of the main structure of the generator set is obviously reduced after the damping device is arranged, so that the energy consumption performance is good.

Because the movable connecting piece and the damping device are adopted to replace the fixed connecting piece, the problems of falling and the like can not occur even if the damping device is used for a long time, and the use stability and safety of the large-mass element can be improved.

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the scheme provides the following embodiments:

embodiments of the present specification provide a wind power generation apparatus, which may include: big mass component, damping device and generating set major structure, wherein, big mass component with generating set major structure passes through swing joint spare and connects, big mass component can pass through swing joint spare with generating set major structure takes place relative motion, damping device's one end is connected big mass component, damping device's the other end is connected generating set major structure or swing joint spare, damping device is used for slowing down relative motion.

It should be noted that the high mass element can be any element, component, device, structure or assembly having a high mass that is required to be connected to the host structure. The massive element may be a component that performs a particular function or function, such as a transformer, a converter, a cooling device, or a hydraulic device, or may simply be a mass.

In this embodiment, the large mass element is not limited to a specific shape, and may be a regular cube, a cylinder, or the like, or may be a component without a specific shape, and is not limited specifically here.

In addition, it should be noted that the weight of the large mass element is not particularly limited, and the large mass element may be a relative concept, i.e., relative to the fixing device. For example, for a wind power plant, it may be more than a certain weight, which may be referred to as a massive element, e.g. 500 kg. Wind power installations of different sizes or capacities also differ in the criteria defining the large mass elements.

The generator set body structure can be understood as a body structure of a wind power generation device and can comprise a tower and a cabin arranged above the tower. In order to fix the large-mass element, the large-mass element can be connected with the generator set body structure through a movable connecting piece. Any position of the generator set body structure can be used as a point of the movable connecting piece.

The large mass element can be located inside a tower barrel of the generator set main body structure and close to the upper end of the tower barrel, for example, the large mass element can be arranged on the upper portion of the top end of the tower barrel in a hanging mode, and the large mass element can be suspended inside the tower barrel in a supporting mode at two ends.

In addition, the massive element may also be located inside or outside the generator set nacelle, for example the nacelle interior may be the top, bottom, side of the nacelle; the nacelle exterior may be an upper or lower nacelle portion, and is not particularly limited herein.

In this embodiment, the movable connecting member may be a rigid member or a flexible member, and may be at least one of a link mechanism, a pulley, a hinge, a spring, and a wire rope.

It should be noted that the movable connecting member in this embodiment may be formed by one, two or more single components. If the number of the components of the movable connecting piece is more than one, the components interact with each other to jointly complete the connecting function of the large-mass element and the generator set body structure. For example, the connecting moving member may include a plurality of connecting rods, or be constituted by pulleys and springs, or be constituted by hinges and wire ropes.

In addition, the connecting rod, the spring and the pulley can also play a supporting role, the hinge and the steel wire rope can only play a connecting role and cannot play a supporting role, and the connecting rod, the spring and the pulley can be combined in a targeted manner according to different characteristics of each component.

Taking the link mechanism as an example, the movable connecting piece at least comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod and one end of the second connecting rod are respectively connected with two different positions of the large-mass element, the other end of the first connecting rod and the other end of the second connecting rod are connected with the main structure of the generator set through a hinge point, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod can rotate around the hinge point.

The first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the generator set body structure and the large mass element can jointly form a four-bar mechanism, and the generator set body structure and the large mass element are also used as two components of the four-bar mechanism. With this connection, the large mass element can be moved in rotation in the plane of the four-bar mechanism.

The above example only describes the connection manner of the four-bar mechanism, and of course, the number of the connecting bars may be increased to form a five-bar mechanism, a six-bar mechanism or other multi-bar mechanisms, which is not limited herein.

In this embodiment, the damping device can be understood as a device which can provide resistance to movement and reduce movement energy; it is also understood that the means for increasing damping is made in order to dampen the vibrations generated when subjected to an impact very quickly. Damping devices are commonly known as dampers, which are devices that enable the movable part of the instrument to be rapidly stopped in a stable deflected position. The damper can be installed in various ways, and the aim is to enable the large-mass unit to play an energy dissipation role in the motion direction.

Dampers can be classified into solid viscous dampers, air dampers, friction dampers and hydraulic dampers according to the difference of damping principles. The present embodiment may preferably employ a friction damper and a hydraulic damper.

When a hydraulic damper is used, a controller may be provided to adjust the damping characteristics of the hydraulic damper either manually or automatically. For example, the signal for actively adjusting the damping characteristic may come from a main controller and/or a sensor of the wind park.

The choice of damper can be determined by the weight of the high mass element, the location of the articulating joint, the length of the joint, the manner of attachment, and the like. For example, the maximum damping force of the damper may be greater than 2000kN and the maximum stroke of the piston less than 500 mm.

The movable connection may act to limit some of the degrees of freedom of the high mass element so that the high mass element can only move within a certain range of degrees of freedom. The relative motion of the high-mass element with respect to the genset body structure can be rotational and translational. The damping means is provided to slow the relative movement until the massive element is stationary.

If the movable connecting piece, the large mass element and the generator set body structure form a four-bar mechanism, the large mass element can rotate in the plane of the four-bar mechanism. In this case, the urging force of the damper means may be such as to achieve a damping effect as long as the urging force suppresses the rotation. That is, the direction of action of the damping device needs to have a certain projection in the opposite direction to the vector direction of the motion of the large mass element.

Wherein, damping device's one end need connect big mass component, and damping device's the other end can connect on generating set body structure, also can connect on the swing joint spare.

When the relative movement is a rotation, the center of rotation may be located inside the large mass element or outside the large mass element.

The connection of the centre of rotation outside the massive element is very numerous, for example by hanging it on the tower of the generator set (like a sandbag) by 2 connecting rods, with the centre of rotation at the connection of the connecting rods and the generator set body structure.

One connection with the centre of rotation inside the large mass element can be: the large mass element is connected with the generator set body structure through a connecting piece with a hinge point, wherein the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the generator set body structure, one end of the connecting piece, which is connected with the large mass element, is provided with the hinge point and is inserted into the large mass element, and therefore the large mass element can rotate by taking the hinge point as a center.

When the connection position of the movable connection piece or the damper makes the rotation center of the large mass unit higher than the center of gravity of the large mass element, at this time, when mounting, the large mass unit can be directly lifted using a simple lifting tool without using a support structure.

When the connecting position of the movable connecting piece or the damper enables the rotation center of the large mass unit to be lower than the gravity center of the large mass element, if a supporting structure is not added, the large mass element can rotate when being installed, and the supporting structure is required to be added to support the large mass element.

When the relative motion is translational motion, the large-mass element can be connected in a rotating wheel mode. Wherein the runner is arranged at the bottom of the large mass element and is in contact with the generator set main structure. In this embodiment, a platform is required to support the high mass element, and the platform may be the top plane of the tower of the generator set, the bottom plane of the interior of the nacelle, or the top plane of the exterior of the nacelle. Of course, other platforms may be used if they support the high mass element. The large-mass element can be translated on the plane of the supporting platform under the action of the rotating wheel and the supporting platform, and has 2 degrees of freedom. At the moment, one end of the damping device is connected with the large mass element, the other end of the damping device is connected with the side face of the generator set body mechanism, wherein the straight line where the damping device is located cannot be perpendicular to the supporting plane, namely, the included angle between the straight line where the damping device is located and the supporting plane can be limited to be smaller than 90 degrees.

In addition, in order to improve the damping effect, the movable connecting piece can further comprise an elastic element, one end of the elastic element is connected with the large mass element, and the other end of the elastic element is connected with the main structure of the generator set. Alternatively, the elastic member may include a spring and rubber.

Taking the spring as an example, the arrangement direction of the spring and the damping device can be mutually flat, or the angle between the arrangement direction of the spring and the arrangement direction of the damping device is smaller than a preset angle, and can be 3 degrees or 5 degrees, and the value can be specifically limited according to the situation.

It should be noted that, according to specific situations, the connection positions of some or all of the movable connectors may be changed or adjusted, and some or all of the movable connectors may be modified or adjusted in length, direction and/or position.

Wherein the length, distance and angle between the connection location and the connecting rods are modified in order to adjust the dynamic properties of the large mass element and the wind turbine and tower structure building system. In addition, the front-to-back and/or lateral dynamics can be actively adjusted by the control system in order to reduce the response to external or internal excitations.

In wind power installations, cables and pipes for energy transmission, cooling and other installations, the connection position, design and fixation of these components should ensure freedom of relative movement for a given high mass element.

The technical solution of the present application is explained in the following by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example one

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a wind turbine generator provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the wind power generation apparatus includes: a first connecting rod 11, a second connecting rod 12, a generator set body structure 13, a damping device 14 and a large mass element 15.

The first connecting rod 11 and the second connecting rod 12 are respectively connected with the motor set body structure 13 and the large mass element 15, and the connecting positions of the first connecting rod 11 and the second connecting rod 12 with the motor set body structure 13 are different, and the connecting positions of the first connecting rod 11 and the second connecting rod 12 with the large mass element 15 are also different. The first connecting rod 11, the second connecting rod 12, the generator set body structure 13 and the large mass element 15 constitute a four-bar mechanism. The large mass element 15 can be rotated in the plane of the four-bar mechanism. The first connecting rod 11 and the second connecting rod 12 are connected with the motor set body structure 13 through a hinge point, and the first connecting rod 11 and the second connecting rod 12 can rotate around the hinge point.

In addition, the damping device 14 is connected at one end to the high mass element 15 and at the other end to the generator set body structure 13. In other embodiments, the other end of the damping device 14 may also be connected to the first connecting rod 11 or the second connecting rod 12.

It should be noted that, for the sake of illustration, the damping device 14 in fig. 1 is disposed on the plane of the four-bar mechanism, and in other embodiments, the damping device 14 may also be disposed outside the plane of the four-bar mechanism.

Example two

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the wind power generation apparatus includes: a first connecting rod 21, a second connecting rod 22, a genset body structure 23, a damping device 24, and a large mass element 25.

Unlike the first embodiment, the connection points of the first connecting rod 21, the second connecting rod 22 and the motor unit body structure 23 are the same point 26, the point 26 is the rotation center of the large mass element 25, and the point 27 is the center of gravity of the large mass element 25. The damping device 24 is connected at one end to the high mass element 25 and at the other end to the side of the generator set body structure 23.

In this embodiment, the large mass element 25 has its center of rotation outside thereof.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a wind turbine generator provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the wind power generation apparatus includes: a genset body structure 33, a damping device 34, and a high mass element 35, wherein point 31 is the center of rotation of the high mass element 35 and point 32 is the center of gravity of the high mass element 35. In this embodiment, the large mass element 25 has its center of rotation inside.

Example four

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a wind turbine generator provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, the wind power generation apparatus includes: the generator set comprises a roller 41, a spring 42, a generator set body structure 43, a damping device 44 and a large mass element 45, wherein the large mass element 45 makes plane motion under the action of the roller 41 and the generator set body structure 43. Since the spring 42 and the damping device 44 are arranged in parallel, the large mass element 45 can only move in the direction of the spring 42 and the damping device 44.

In addition, a slide rail may be provided in which the roller 41 is directionally moved to limit the moving direction of the large mass member 45.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only different from each other, and reference may be made to the related description of each embodiment for the same point.

Based on the same principle, the present specification further provides an installation method of the wind power generation device, and fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the installation method of the wind power generation device provided in the embodiment of the present specification.

As shown in fig. 5, the process may include the following steps:

step 510: and selecting the position of a connecting point connected with the movable connecting piece in the main structure of the generator set.

Wherein, the connecting point position can be a plurality. The choice of the location of the connection point can be determined according to the weight, volume, shape of the massive element and the internal structure of the main structure of the generator set.

Step 520: and fixing one end of the movable connecting piece at the position of the connecting point, wherein the movable connecting piece can rotate by taking the position of the connecting point as a center.

Step 530: and lifting the large mass element by adopting a lifting device, and connecting the other end of the movable connecting piece with the large mass element.

Wherein the lifting device comprises a pulley and a sling device. If the center of gravity of the massive element is higher than its center of rotation, additional support structures are required to fix the massive element.

Step 540: and installing a damping device according to a preset direction, wherein the preset direction is determined by the estimated movement direction of the large mass element, and the estimated movement direction is determined by the setting direction and the setting position of the movable connecting piece.

The installation position of the damping device can be determined by comprehensively considering the connection position, the length and the direction of the movable connecting piece. In addition, the optimal installation position can be selected in an experimental simulation mode. In addition, the damping parameters can be determined according to the weight and the movement mode of the large-mass element, so that the model of the damping device can be selected.

It is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A wind power plant, characterized in that the plant comprises: big mass component, damping device and generating set major structure, wherein, big mass component with generating set major structure passes through swing joint spare and connects, big mass component can pass through swing joint spare with generating set major structure takes place relative motion, damping device's one end is connected big mass component, damping device's the other end is connected generating set major structure or swing joint spare, damping device is used for slowing down relative motion.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the movable connection is a rigid component or a flexible component, including but not limited to: at least one of a linkage, a pulley, a hinge, a spring, and a wire rope.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the linkage mechanism may be a four-bar mechanism or other multi-bar mechanism.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the movable connection comprises at least a first connection rod and a second connection rod, one end of the first connection rod and the second connection rod respectively connecting two different locations of the high mass element, the other end of the first connection rod and the second connection rod being connected to the generator set body structure by a hinge point.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the damping device is a friction type damper or a hydraulic type damper, and the damping device adjusts a damping characteristic by a controller.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the massive element comprises a transformer, a current transformer, a cooling device, a hydraulic device, or a mass.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the high mass element is located inside a tower of the generator set body structure near the upper end, or wherein the high mass element is located inside or outside a generator set nacelle.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein when said relative motion is rotational, said center of rotation is located inside or outside of said high mass element.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the movable connection comprises at least a wheel disposed at the bottom of the high mass element and in contact with the generator set body structure.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the movable connection further comprises a resilient member having one end connected to the high mass member and another end connected to the generator set body structure.

11. A method of installing a wind power plant, the method comprising:

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the lifting device comprises a pulley and sling device.