CN112159981A - Preparation method of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphite-rare chromium carbide lubricating coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphite-rare chromium carbide lubricating coating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a space-resistant ultralow-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating, and belongs to the field of solid lubricating materials. The space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating is prepared from 75-95 parts by weight of chromium carbide-based powder and 5-25 parts by weight of nickel-coated graphene powder as raw materials; according to the lubricating coating, nickel-coated graphene powder is added into chromium carbide-based mixed powder, and a laser synchronous powder transmission mode is adopted to clad on the surface of a base material, so that the prepared lubricating coating has strong binding force with the base material, and has the characteristics of high surface hardness, good wear resistance, low friction coefficient and the like; the lubricating coating can overcome the problem that the lubricating performance of part of the lubricating coating is reduced at extremely low temperature so that the bearing is excessively worn, and is particularly suitable for high vacuum and extremely low temperature environments.
Description
[ technical field ]: the invention relates to a preparation method of a space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating, and belongs to the field of solid lubricating materials.
[ technical background ]: the solid lubricating coating is a special lubricating material, molybdenum disulfide (MoS)2) Materials such as graphite and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have good friction mechanical properties, are common Solid lubricating materials, and a Solid lubricating coating can meet the use requirements of friction parts under extreme severe working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and vacuum, and becomes a new technology (Zhang Hui, Yang Xuefeng, Li Yunxi.research Status and project of Solid Self-lubricating coating) which cannot be replaced by the traditional fluid dynamic lubricationg Materials[J]Tool Engineering,2017,51(7): 3-6). However, the European Space Agency (ESA) evaluates the torque of bearings with various lubricating material holders at the temperature of 300K-20K in vacuum, and finds that the torque and torque noise of bearings lubricated by the composite material holder containing polytetrafluoroethylene or molybdenum disulfide are increased when the bearings are cooled to 20K, the lubricating performance is reduced, the bearing wear is increased, particularly the side of an aircraft facing the sun in the universe bears the strong radiation of the sun, and the surface temperature can reach 100-200 ℃; the surface facing the sun is affected by the extremely cold environment of the space, and the temperature of the surface can be reduced to-200 to-100 ℃, so that the development of the space-resistant extremely low-temperature lubricating coating is particularly important.
Graphene has a two-dimensional hexagonal close-packed lattice structure formed by a single layer of carbon atoms, has extremely soft hardness which is comparable to that of diamond, is used as a lubricating phase, and can have good lubricating characteristics at low temperature by matching with a Composite coating which uses chromium carbide as a hard phase (Liu Yanmei, Miao Yuhua, Pan Xin, et al. analysis on microscopic and Properties of Graphite/Ni and Graphene Composite Coatings by Laser Cladding [ J ]. Vacuum,2020,57(4): 85-88).
Based on the consideration, the invention provides a preparation method of a space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphite-rare chromium carbide lubricating coating, raw materials relate to graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder, hard chromium carbide is used for increasing hardness and strength, graphene reduces friction coefficient, and a composite coating prepared by the comprehensive effect of the hard chromium carbide and the hard chromium carbide still has excellent lubricating effect in a high-vacuum extremely-low-temperature environment; the laser cladding technology is utilized to ensure that the coating and the matrix material have higher bonding strength. The prepared target graphite thin chromium carbide lubricating coating not only has the characteristics of high surface hardness, good wear resistance, low friction coefficient and the like, but also can overcome the problem that the lubricating property of part of the lubricating coating is reduced at extremely low temperature so as to cause excessive wear of the bearing, and is particularly suitable for high vacuum and extremely low temperature environments.
[ summary of the invention ]: the invention relates to a preparation method of a space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating, wherein the thickness of the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating is 300-800 mu m, and the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating is made of carbonPreparing nickel-coated graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder by using chromium oxide-based powder and graphene powder as raw materials, fully and uniformly mixing the prepared two kinds of powder by using a ball mill, and then adopting CO2The prepared mixed powder for standby is cladded on the surface of a base material by a synchronous powder feeding and laser coating technology, so that the space-resistant ultralow-temperature lubricating coating is obtained; the lubricating coating prepared by the method has stronger binding force with a matrix, and has the characteristics of high surface hardness, good wear resistance, low friction coefficient and the like; the lubricating coating can overcome the problem that the lubricating performance of part of the lubricating coating is reduced at extremely low temperature so that the bearing is excessively worn, is particularly suitable for high vacuum and extremely low temperature environments, and has novelty, novelty and practicability.
[ technical solution of the present invention ]: the invention relates to a preparation method of a space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating, wherein the thickness of the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating is 300-800 microns; the material is prepared from 75-95 parts by weight of chromium carbide-based powder and 5-25 parts by weight of nickel-coated graphene powder respectively; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing nickel-coated graphene powder
Firstly, adding 20-30 parts by weight of graphene oxide powder with the particle size of 5-10 mu m and the thickness of 5-10 nm into 70-80 parts by weight of deionized water at room temperature, and ultrasonically dispersing for 5-8 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene oxide solution without obvious blocky existence for later use; secondly, dispersing 24-40 parts by weight of analytically pure nickel powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 microns in 60-76 parts by weight of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5%, ultrasonically dispersing for 1-2 hours, magnetically stirring for 1-3 hours at the speed of 300-700 rpm, then centrifuging for 1-5 minutes at the rotating speed of 6000-10000 rpm, taking a solid product, washing for 3-4 times with distilled water, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven at 50-120 ℃ for drying for 6-8 hours, and obtaining positively charged nickel powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 microns; adding 10-40 parts by weight of the nickel powder into 60-90 parts by weight of the graphene oxide solution to be used, magnetically stirring at a speed of 300-700 rpm until the solution is colorless and transparent, and centrifuging the solution, and freeze-drying the solution at-20 ℃ for 8-12 hours to obtain nickel-coated graphene powder with the particle size of 30-60 microns;
second, preparation of chromium carbide-based powder
60 to 95 parts by weight of chromium carbide Cr with the grain diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 mu m at room temperature2C3Powder, 10-45 parts by weight of nickel-chromium NiCr powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 mu m and 1-5 parts by weight of lanthanum oxide La with the particle size of 20-40 nm2O3Powder mixing, namely sintering at constant temperature in an air atmosphere muffle furnace at 600-900 ℃ for 1-5 h, keeping the constant temperature at 900-1200 ℃ for 1-5 h, keeping the constant temperature at 1200-1500 ℃ for 1-3 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain chromium carbide-based powder with the particle size of 40-60 mu m;
third, preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating
Adding 5-25 parts by weight of the nickel-coated graphene powder obtained in the step one and 75-95 parts by weight of the chromium carbide-based powder obtained in the step two into a ball mill, and fully and uniformly mixing for later use; the method comprises the following steps of (1) finely grinding a base material by using a grinding machine, removing surface oxide skin, simultaneously ensuring the surface flatness of the base material, then sequentially ultrasonically cleaning the base material by using acetone and alcohol for 1-10 min, and drying by using a hair drier to obtain a clean surface, wherein the base material is stainless steel or ceramic or hard alloy; and finally, completing the preparation of the film by utilizing a laser coating technology, wherein: by using CO2Synchronously feeding powder, mixing the nickel-coated graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder to obtain powder to be used, cladding the powder on the surface of a base material, wherein the laser power is 500-1000W, the spot diameter is 1-3 mm, the scanning speed is 2-5 mm/s, the lap joint rate is 20-50%, and the powder feeding rate of a powder feeder is 100-200 mg/s; finally, the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature lubricating coating with the thickness of 300-800 mu m is prepared.
[ advantages and effects of the invention ]: the invention relates to a preparation method of a space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) the hardness and the strength are increased by utilizing a hard phase (chromium carbide), the friction coefficient is reduced by utilizing a lubricating phase (graphene), and the composite coating prepared by the comprehensive action of the hard phase and the lubricating phase has an excellent lubricating effect, and importantly, the composite coating still has the excellent lubricating effect in a high-vacuum extremely-low-temperature environment; (2) the chromium carbide-based powder in the selected powder formula is nickelChromium (NiCr) is used as binder, and chromium carbide (Cr) is used as binder2C3) Better bonding together, further increasing the strength, and avoiding chromium carbide (Cr)2C3) Oxidation during laser coating; meanwhile, due to the addition of the rare earth oxide lanthanum oxide, the growth of crystal grains can be effectively inhibited, the crystal grains are refined, the bonding state of the coating and a base material is improved, and the coating has the effects of solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening; (3) the graphene powder in the selected powder formula is coated with nickel (Ni), so that the oxidation of the graphene in the laser coating process is avoided, and a hard phase and a lubricating phase are better bonded together, so that the density of the coating is improved; (4) the coating is prepared by utilizing the laser cladding technology, and the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix material is high.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a space-tolerant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating disclosed by the invention, wherein codes in the diagram are respectively as follows: 1 is a graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating; 2 is a base material.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1 and the detailed description.
Example 1: preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating 1
Firstly, preparing nickel-coated graphene powder
Firstly, adding 25 parts by weight of graphene oxide powder with the particle size of 5 microns and the thickness of 5nm into 75 parts by weight of deionized water at room temperature, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 6 hours to obtain a graphene oxide solution which is uniformly dispersed and has no obvious block for later use; secondly, dispersing 43 parts by weight of analytically pure nickel powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m in 57 parts by weight of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution with the concentration of 1.0%, ultrasonically dispersing for 1.5h, magnetically stirring at the speed of 500rpm for 2h, then centrifuging at the speed of 7000rpm for 3min, taking a solid product, washing with distilled water for 3 times, and putting the product into a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 7h to obtain the positively charged nickel powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m; adding 30 parts by weight of the nickel powder into 70 parts by weight of the graphene oxide solution to be used, magnetically stirring at the speed of 500rpm until the solution is colorless and transparent, centrifuging, and freeze-drying at-20 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain nickel-coated graphene powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
second, preparation of chromium carbide-based powder
80 parts by weight of chromium carbide Cr with the grain diameter of 1 mu m at room temperature2C3Powder, 17 parts by weight of nickel chromium NiCr powder with the particle size of 1 mu m, and 3 parts by weight of lanthanum oxide La with the particle size of 30nm2O3Mixing the powder, firstly sintering the powder in an air atmosphere muffle furnace at 800 ℃ for 2h at constant temperature, then keeping the constant temperature for 4h at 1100 ℃, finally keeping the constant temperature for 3h at 1400 ℃, and cooling the powder to room temperature to obtain chromium carbide-based powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
third, preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating
Adding 10 parts by weight of the nickel-coated graphene powder obtained in the step one and 90 parts by weight of the chromium carbide-based powder obtained in the step two into a ball mill, and fully and uniformly mixing for later use; finely grinding the base material by using a grinding machine, removing surface oxide skin, simultaneously ensuring the surface flatness of the base material, then sequentially ultrasonically cleaning the base material by using acetone and alcohol for 5min, and drying by using a hair drier to obtain a clean surface, wherein the base material is stainless steel or ceramic or hard alloy; and finally, completing the preparation of the film by utilizing a laser coating technology, wherein: by using CO2Synchronously feeding powder, mixing the nickel-coated graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder to obtain powder to be used, cladding the powder on the surface of a base material, wherein the laser power is 800W, the spot diameter is 2mm, the scanning speed is 3mm/s, the lap joint rate is 30%, and the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 150 mg/s; finally, the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature lubricating coating with the thickness of 500 mu m is prepared. The prepared lubricating coating can keep excellent lubricating performance in a very low-temperature vacuum environment.
Example 2: preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating 2
Firstly, preparing nickel-coated graphene powder
Firstly, adding 25 parts by weight of graphene oxide powder with the particle size of 5 microns and the thickness of 5nm into 75 parts by weight of deionized water at room temperature, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 7 hours to obtain a graphene oxide solution which is uniformly dispersed and has no obvious block for later use; secondly, dispersing 30 parts by weight of analytically pure nickel powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m in 70 parts by weight of 1.0% octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 1.5h, magnetically stirring at the speed of 500rpm for 2h, then centrifuging at the speed of 7000rpm for 3min, taking a solid product, washing with distilled water for 3 times, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ and drying for 7h to obtain the positively charged nickel powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m; adding 35 parts by weight of the nickel powder into 65 parts by weight of the graphene oxide solution to be used, magnetically stirring at the speed of 500rpm until the solution is colorless and transparent, centrifuging, and freeze-drying at-20 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain nickel-coated graphene powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
second, preparation of chromium carbide-based powder
80 parts by weight of chromium carbide Cr with the grain diameter of 1 mu m at room temperature2C3Powder, 17 parts by weight of nickel chromium NiCr powder with the particle size of 1 mu m, and 3 parts by weight of lanthanum oxide La with the particle size of 30nm2O3Mixing the powder, firstly sintering the powder in an air atmosphere muffle furnace at 800 ℃ for 2h at constant temperature, then keeping the constant temperature for 4h at 1100 ℃, finally keeping the constant temperature for 3h at 1400 ℃, and cooling the powder to room temperature to obtain chromium carbide-based powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
third, preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating
Adding 15 parts by weight of the nickel-coated graphene powder obtained in the step one and 85 parts by weight of the chromium carbide-based powder obtained in the step two into a ball mill, and fully and uniformly mixing for later use; finely grinding the base material by using a grinding machine, removing surface oxide skin, simultaneously ensuring the surface flatness of the base material, then sequentially ultrasonically cleaning the base material by using acetone and alcohol for 5min, and drying by using a hair drier to obtain a clean surface, wherein the base material is stainless steel or ceramic or hard alloy; and finally, completing the preparation of the film by utilizing a laser coating technology, wherein: by using CO2Synchronously feeding powder, mixing the nickel-coated graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder to obtain powder to be cladded on the surface of a base material, wherein the laser power is 800W, the spot diameter is 2mm, the scanning speed is 3mm/s, the lap joint rate is 30 percent, and the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder isThe rate is 150 mg/s; finally, the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature lubricating coating with the thickness of 500 mu m is prepared. The prepared lubricating coating can keep excellent lubricating performance in a very low-temperature vacuum environment.
Example 3: preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating 3
Firstly, preparing nickel-coated graphene powder
Firstly, adding 25 parts by weight of graphene oxide powder with the particle size of 5 microns and the thickness of 5nm into 75 parts by weight of deionized water at room temperature, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 6 hours to obtain a graphene oxide solution which is uniformly dispersed and has no obvious block for later use; secondly, dispersing 30 parts by weight of analytically pure nickel powder with the particle size of 0.5 mu m in 70 parts by weight of 1.0% octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 2 hours, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the speed of 500rpm, then centrifuging for 3 minutes at the speed of 7000rpm, taking a solid product, washing for 3 times by using distilled water, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 90 ℃ and drying for 6 hours to obtain the positively charged nickel powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m; adding 30 parts by weight of the nickel powder into 70 parts by weight of the graphene oxide solution to be used, magnetically stirring at the speed of 500rpm until the solution is colorless and transparent, centrifuging, and freeze-drying at-20 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain nickel-coated graphene powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
second, preparation of chromium carbide-based powder
80 parts by weight of chromium carbide Cr with the grain diameter of 1 mu m at room temperature2C3Powder, 17 parts by weight of nickel chromium NiCr powder with the particle size of 1 mu m, and 3 parts by weight of lanthanum oxide La with the particle size of 30nm2O3Mixing the powder, firstly sintering the powder in an air atmosphere muffle furnace at 800 ℃ for 2h at constant temperature, then keeping the constant temperature for 4h at 1100 ℃, finally keeping the constant temperature for 3h at 1400 ℃, and cooling the powder to room temperature to obtain chromium carbide-based powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
third, preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating
Adding 25 parts by weight of the nickel-coated graphene powder obtained in the step one and 75 parts by weight of the chromium carbide-based powder obtained in the step two into a ball mill, and fully and uniformly mixing for later use; the base material is finely ground by a grinding machine and then removedEnsuring the surface flatness of the substrate while carrying out surface oxidation, then sequentially ultrasonically cleaning the substrate material for 5min by using acetone and alcohol, and drying by using a hair drier to obtain a clean surface, wherein the substrate material is stainless steel or ceramic or hard alloy; and finally, completing the preparation of the film by utilizing a laser coating technology, wherein: by using CO2Synchronously feeding powder, mixing the nickel-coated graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder to obtain powder to be used, cladding the powder on the surface of a base material, wherein the laser power is 800W, the spot diameter is 2mm, the scanning speed is 3mm/s, the lap joint rate is 30%, and the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 150 mg/s; finally, the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature lubricating coating with the thickness of 500 mu m is prepared. The prepared lubricating coating can keep excellent lubricating performance in a very low-temperature vacuum environment.
Example 4: preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating 4
Firstly, preparing nickel-coated graphene powder
Firstly, adding 30 parts by weight of graphene oxide powder with the particle size of 5 microns and the thickness of 5nm into 70 parts by weight of deionized water at room temperature, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 6 hours to obtain a graphene oxide solution which is uniformly dispersed and has no obvious block for later use; secondly, dispersing 24 parts by weight of analytically pure nickel powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m in 76 parts by weight of 1.0% octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 2 hours, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the speed of 500rpm, then centrifuging for 4 minutes at the speed of 7000rpm, taking a solid product, washing for 3 times by using distilled water, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven at 100 ℃ and drying for 6 hours to obtain the positively charged nickel powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m; adding 20 parts by weight of the nickel powder into 80 parts by weight of the graphene oxide solution to be used, magnetically stirring at the speed of 500rpm until the solution is colorless and transparent, and centrifuging, and freeze-drying at-20 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain nickel-coated graphene powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
second, preparation of chromium carbide-based powder
80 parts by weight of chromium carbide Cr with the grain diameter of 1 mu m at room temperature2C3Powder, 17 parts by weight of nickel chromium NiCr powder with the particle size of 1 mu m, and 3 parts by weight of lanthanum oxide La with the particle size of 30nm2O3Mixing the powders, and air-drying at 800 deg.CSintering in a muffle furnace at constant temperature for 2h, keeping the constant temperature for 4h at 1100 ℃, keeping the constant temperature for 3h at 1400 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain chromium carbide-based powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
third, preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating
Adding 15 parts by weight of the nickel-coated graphene powder obtained in the step one and 85 parts by weight of the chromium carbide-based powder obtained in the step two into a ball mill, and fully and uniformly mixing for later use; finely grinding the base material by using a grinding machine, removing surface oxide skin, simultaneously ensuring the surface flatness of the base material, then sequentially ultrasonically cleaning the base material by using acetone and alcohol for 5min, and drying by using a hair drier to obtain a clean surface, wherein the base material is stainless steel or ceramic or hard alloy; and finally, completing the preparation of the film by utilizing a laser coating technology, wherein: by using CO2Synchronously feeding powder, mixing the nickel-coated graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder to obtain powder to be used, cladding the powder on the surface of a base material, wherein the laser power is 800W, the spot diameter is 2mm, the scanning speed is 3mm/s, the lap joint rate is 30%, and the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 150 mg/s; finally, the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature lubricating coating with the thickness of 300 mu m is prepared. The prepared lubricating coating can keep excellent lubricating performance in a very low-temperature vacuum environment.
Example 5: preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating 5
Firstly, preparing nickel-coated graphene powder
Firstly, adding 30 parts by weight of graphene oxide powder with the particle size of 5 microns and the thickness of 5nm into 70 parts by weight of deionized water at room temperature, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5 hours to obtain a graphene oxide solution which is uniformly dispersed and has no obvious block for later use; secondly, dispersing 40 parts by weight of analytically pure nickel powder with the particle size of 0.5 mu m in 60 parts by weight of 1.0% octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 1.5h, magnetically stirring at the speed of 500rpm for 2h, then centrifuging at the speed of 7000rpm for 3min, taking a solid product, washing with distilled water for 3 times, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ and drying for 8h to obtain the positively charged nickel powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m; adding 30 parts by weight of the nickel powder into 70 parts by weight of the graphene oxide solution to be used, magnetically stirring at the speed of 500rpm until the solution is colorless and transparent, centrifuging, and freeze-drying at-20 ℃ for 9 hours to obtain nickel-coated graphene powder with the particle size of 55 microns;
second, preparation of chromium carbide-based powder
80 parts by weight of chromium carbide Cr with the grain diameter of 1 mu m at room temperature2C3Powder, 17 parts by weight of nickel chromium NiCr powder with the particle size of 1 mu m, and 3 parts by weight of lanthanum oxide La with the particle size of 30nm2O3Mixing the powder, firstly sintering the powder in an air atmosphere muffle furnace at 800 ℃ for 2h at constant temperature, then keeping the constant temperature for 4h at 1100 ℃, finally keeping the constant temperature for 3h at 1400 ℃, and cooling the powder to room temperature to obtain chromium carbide-based powder with the particle size of 50 microns;
third, preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating
Adding 15 parts by weight of the nickel-coated graphene powder obtained in the step one and 85 parts by weight of the chromium carbide-based powder obtained in the step two into a ball mill, and fully and uniformly mixing for later use; finely grinding the base material by using a grinding machine, removing surface oxide skin, simultaneously ensuring the surface flatness of the base material, then sequentially ultrasonically cleaning the base material by using acetone and alcohol for 5min, and drying by using a hair drier to obtain a clean surface, wherein the base material is stainless steel or ceramic or hard alloy; and finally, completing the preparation of the film by utilizing a laser coating technology, wherein: by using CO2Synchronously feeding powder, mixing the nickel-coated graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder to obtain powder to be used, cladding the powder on the surface of a base material, wherein the laser power is 800W, the spot diameter is 2mm, the scanning speed is 3mm/s, the lap joint rate is 30%, and the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 150 mg/s; finally, the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature lubricating coating with the thickness of 800 mu m is prepared. The prepared lubricating coating can keep excellent lubricating performance in a very low-temperature vacuum environment.
Claims (1)
1. The invention relates to a preparation method of a space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating, wherein the thickness of the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating is 300-800 microns; the material is prepared from 75-95 parts by weight of chromium carbide-based powder and 5-25 parts by weight of nickel-coated graphene powder respectively; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing nickel-coated graphene powder
Firstly, adding 20-30 parts by weight of graphene oxide powder with the particle size of 5-10 mu m and the thickness of 5-10 nm into 70-80 parts by weight of deionized water at room temperature, and ultrasonically dispersing for 5-8 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene oxide solution without obvious blocky existence for later use; secondly, dispersing 24-40 parts by weight of analytically pure nickel powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 microns in 60-76 parts by weight of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5%, ultrasonically dispersing for 1-2 hours, magnetically stirring for 1-3 hours at the speed of 300-700 rpm, then centrifuging for 1-5 minutes at the rotating speed of 6000-10000 rpm, taking a solid product, washing for 3-4 times with distilled water, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven at 50-120 ℃ for drying for 6-8 hours, and obtaining positively charged nickel powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 microns; adding 10-40 parts by weight of the nickel powder into 60-90 parts by weight of the graphene oxide solution to be used, magnetically stirring at a speed of 300-700 rpm until the solution is colorless and transparent, and centrifuging the solution, and freeze-drying the solution at-20 ℃ for 8-12 hours to obtain nickel-coated graphene powder with the particle size of 30-60 microns;
second, preparation of chromium carbide-based powder
60 to 95 parts by weight of chromium carbide Cr with the grain diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 mu m at room temperature2C3Powder, 10-45 parts by weight of nickel-chromium NiCr powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 mu m and 1-5 parts by weight of lanthanum oxide La with the particle size of 20-40 nm2O3Powder mixing, namely sintering at constant temperature in an air atmosphere muffle furnace at 600-900 ℃ for 1-5 h, keeping the constant temperature at 900-1200 ℃ for 1-5 h, keeping the constant temperature at 1200-1500 ℃ for 1-3 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain chromium carbide-based powder with the particle size of 40-60 mu m;
third, preparation of space-resistant extremely-low-temperature graphene/chromium carbide lubricating coating
Adding 5-25 parts by weight of the nickel-coated graphene powder obtained in the step one and 75-95 parts by weight of the chromium carbide-based powder obtained in the step two into a ball mill, and fully and uniformly mixing for later use; the grinding machine is adopted to carry out fine grinding on the base material, so that the surface oxide skin is removed and the surface of the base material is ensuredThe surface flatness is measured, then the substrate material is sequentially cleaned for 1-10 min by acetone and alcohol through ultrasonic waves, and then dried by a hair dryer to obtain a clean surface, wherein the substrate material is stainless steel or ceramic or hard alloy; and finally, completing the preparation of the film by utilizing a laser coating technology, wherein: by using CO2Synchronously feeding powder, mixing the nickel-coated graphene powder and chromium carbide-based powder to obtain powder to be used, cladding the powder on the surface of a base material, wherein the laser power is 500-1000W, the spot diameter is 1-3 mm, the scanning speed is 2-5 mm/s, the lap joint rate is 20-50%, and the powder feeding rate of a powder feeder is 100-200 mg/s; finally, the space-resistant extremely-low-temperature lubricating coating with the thickness of 300-800 mu m is prepared.
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| CN114231887A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 江西理工大学 | Corrosion-resistant coating suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen-rich environment and preparation method thereof |
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