CN112159070B - Inorganic polymer sludge conditioner and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic polymer sludge conditioner and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
Abstract
The invention relates to an environmental pollution treatment material, and particularly discloses an inorganic polymer sludge conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention is developed by selecting raw materials and optimizing the preparation processThe inorganic polymer sludge conditioner with the Alb content of more than 50% and the total Alb and Alc content of more than 80% is obtained, and can be applied to the field of sludge treatment. The inorganic polymer sludge conditioner has a prefabricated polymerization form, and can be combined with LB-EPS (tightly combined extracellular polymer) outside sludge cells after being added into a sludge system (excess sludge or anaerobic digestion sludge), so that the capillary water absorption time (CST) of the sludge is reduced, and the dehydration performance of the sludge is enhanced. Meanwhile, the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner product is a pure liquid product with moderate pH, and overcomes the defects of the traditional lime plus FeCl 3 The conditioning process has the problems of large sludge dry-solid increment, strong sludge alkalinity after conditioning and difficult subsequent utilization, and has good popularization and application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an environmental pollution treatment material, in particular to an inorganic polymer sludge conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The aluminum-based inorganic polymer water treatment functional material is a novel inorganic polymer material which is rapidly developed in recent years, has the advantages of wide application, low toxicity, low corrosivity and the like, and is widely applied to various links of water treatment and sludge treatment at present.
According to the research, the aluminum has different occurrence forms of hydrolytic polymerization, wherein the Al 2 -Al 8 The low-hydrolysis polymerization forms are called Ala and Al 9 -Al 30 The hydrolyzed polymeric form is referred to as Alb, and the higher hydrolyzed polymeric form is referred to as Alc.
It has been found that aluminum-based polymer materials having different forms of occurrence can correspond to different water treatment functions, and therefore, aluminum-based polymer materials having different forms of occurrence can be developed for different water treatment purposes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an inorganic polymer sludge conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of an inorganic polymer sludge conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing an aluminum-containing solid raw material to 100-200 meshes, and adding the crushed material into a first reactor (a reactor 1);
adding industrial hydrochloric acid or mixed acid of the industrial hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid into a reactor 1, wherein the adding amount is 15-20 times, preferably 16-18 times of the mass of aluminum element in the aluminum-containing solid raw material;
sealing the reactor 1, heating to 110-130 ℃, and reacting for 2-3 hours;
feeding the reaction product to a second reactor (reactor 2);
(2) Heating the reactor 2 to 80 ℃, and adding Al (OH) with more than 200 meshes in batches under the condition of continuous heat preservation 3 Powder, the total adding amount is 190-680% (m/m) of the mass of the aluminum element in the aluminum-containing solid raw material, the adding process needs to be continued for 1-1.5 hours, and the stirring reaction is continued for more than 1 hour after the adding is finished; after the reaction is finished, curing for 2 hours at the temperature of more than 60 ℃ to obtain the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner.
Further, in the step (1), when the aluminum-containing solid raw material is in a hydrated state, the aluminum-containing solid raw material is subjected to a drying treatment to control the water content of the aluminum-containing solid raw material to 10% or less. As an exemplary illustration, the drying process may specifically be: drying at 120 deg.C for more than 30 min.
Further, in the step (1), the aluminum-containing solid raw material is selected from one or more of aluminum hydroxide, bauxite and high-alumina fly ash.
Further, in the step (1), the concentration of the industrial hydrochloric acid is 25%, and the sulfuric acid proportion in the mixed acid of the industrial hydrochloric acid and the sulfuric acid is less than 10%.
Further, according to specific requirements, in the step (1), feCl can be added into the reactor 1 3 The ferric sulfate or the ferrate-containing acid is used as a reaction additive, the mass of the iron element is controlled not to exceed 20 percent (m/m) of the total mass of the aluminum element in the aluminum-containing solid raw material, and the capability of the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner for improving the sludge CST (capillary water absorption time) can be improved to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner prepared without introducing the reaction additive in the preparation method can be suitable for special requirements or conditions (such as unavailable)Introducing Fe) into the working condition environment.
Further, in the step (2), the Al (OH) 3 The adding amount of the powder is 190-680% (m/m) of the mass of the aluminum element in the aluminum-containing solid raw material, and typical adding amounts including, but not limited to, 190%, 200%, 250%, 300%, 320%, 400%, 450%, 500%, 550%, 600%, 680% and the like are selected.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an inorganic polymer sludge conditioner prepared by the preparation method, and through detection, the Alb content in the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner is greater than 50% of the total Al content, and the total Alb + Alc content is greater than 80% of the total Al content.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner in sludge conditioning.
The application is specifically characterized in that the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner is added into sludge with the water content of 92-99% to improve the dehydration performance of the sludge; the addition amount is preferably 20-50% of the dry solid amount of the sludge.
And (3) performing filter pressing on the conditioned sludge, so that the water content of the sludge can be reduced to below 60%.
The raw materials or reagents involved in the invention are all common commercial products, and the operations involved are all routine operations in the field unless otherwise specified.
The preferred conditions described above may be combined with each other to arrive at a specific embodiment, based on general knowledge in the art.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by selecting raw materials and optimizing a preparation process, an inorganic polymer sludge conditioner with the Alb content of more than 50% and the total Alb and Alc content of more than 80% is developed and obtained, and the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner can be used as a sludge conditioner and applied to the field of sludge treatment. The inorganic polymer sludge conditioner has a prefabricated polymerization form, and can be combined with LB-EPS (tightly combined extracellular polymer) outside sludge cells after being added into a sludge system (excess sludge or anaerobic digested sludge), so that the capillary water absorption time (CST) of the sludge is reduced, and the dehydration performance of the sludge is enhanced. Meanwhile, the invention is describedThe inorganic polymer sludge conditioner product is a pure liquid product with moderate pH, and overcomes the defects of the traditional lime plus FeCl 3 The conditioning process has the problems of large sludge drying and solid increment, strong sludge alkalinity after conditioning and difficult subsequent utilization, and has good popularization and application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a standard Al-Ferron curve in Experimental example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a working curve of the Al-Ferron time-by-time complexation colorimetry in Experimental example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
This example is intended to illustrate the preparation method of the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner and the obtained inorganic polymer sludge conditioner.
As shown in the process flow diagram of fig. 1, the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying industrial aluminum hydroxide (raw material 1) at 120 ℃ for 30 minutes, crushing to 100-200 meshes, and adding into a reactor 1;
adding 25% industrial hydrochloric acid (raw material 2) into a reactor 1, wherein the addition amount of the industrial hydrochloric acid is 16 times of the addition amount of aluminum element in the raw material 1;
FeCl is added to reactor 1 3 Ferric sulfate or ferrate-containing acid is taken as a reaction additive, and the adding amount of iron is controlled to be 10 percent (m/m) of the mass of aluminum in the raw material 1;
sealing the reactor 1, heating to 110-130 ℃, and reacting for 2-3 hours; adding the reaction product into a reactor 2;
(2) Heating the reactor 2 to 80 ℃, and adding Al (OH) with more than 200 meshes in batches under the condition of continuous heat preservation 3 Powder (raw material 3), the total adding amount is 320 percent (m/m) of the mass of the aluminum element in the raw material 1, the adding process needs to be continued for 1-1.5 hours, and the stirring reaction is continued for more than 1 hour after the adding is finished; after the reaction is finished, curing for 2 hours at the temperature of more than 60 ℃ to obtain the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that commercial aluminum hydroxide was replaced with bauxite.
Example 3
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the industrial hydrochloric acid was replaced with a mixed acid of industrial hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and the sulfuric acid ratio in the mixed acid was less than 10%. In the reaction step (1), the adding amount of the acid liquor is adjusted to be 18 times of the adding mass of the aluminum element in the raw material 1.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that Al (OH) 3 The amount of the powder (raw material 3) added was 450% (m/m) of the mass of the aluminum element in the raw material 1.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that in step (1), no FeCl is added to reactor 1 3 And a reaction additive such as ferric sulfate or ferrate, and the other steps are the same as the steps in the example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that in step (2), al (OH) 3 And after the powder is added, continuously stirring and reacting for more than 1 hour, cooling the obtained reaction liquid to below 40 ℃, pressing the reaction liquid for more than 60 minutes in a diaphragm filter pressing mode through a slurry pump to obtain a liquid product, and curing at normal temperature for more than 2 hours (no precipitation occurs), thus obtaining the aluminum-based inorganic high polymer material.
Experimental example 1
In this example, the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner prepared in examples 1 to 5 was subjected to an Al-Ferron time-by-time colorimetric method to measure the occurrence of aluminum, and the detection method was as follows:
1) Preparation of Ferron colorimetric solution
Mixing the following reagent A, reagent B and reagent C according to the proportion of 2.5. The solution was prepared and stored at a pH of about 5.2 in a refrigerator (4 ℃).
Reagent a [ 0.2% (m/v) Ferron aqueous solution ]: to 1000mL of deionized water boiled and cooled to room temperature was added 2.0g of analytically pure Ferron reagent, the Ferron was dissolved by magnetic stirring, and insoluble impurities were filtered, and then transferred to a 1L volumetric flask for storage in a refrigerator.
Reagent B [ 20% (m/v) NaAc solution ]: 50g of analytically pure anhydrous NaAc is dissolved in a proper amount of deionized water, and the solution is filtered and then transferred into a 250mL volumetric flask to be diluted to a scale mark for constant volume.
Reagent C [ 10% dilute hydrochloric acid ]: 100mL of analytically pure concentrated hydrochloric acid is dissolved in a proper amount of water, and then the solution is transferred into a 1000mL volumetric flask to be diluted to a constant volume of a scale mark.
2) Preparation of standard stock solutions for aluminum
Soaking a certain amount of pure aluminum sheet in dilute hydrochloric acid for 2-4h, taking out, quickly drying with nitrogen, accurately weighing 1.35g (accurate to 0.0002 g), adding HCl solution (1:1) for dissolving, and fixing the volume to 500mL, wherein the concentration is 0.1000M.
3) Preparation of Standard Curve
10mL of aluminum stock solution was diluted into a 1.0L volumetric flask to prepare a 10. Sup. Th concentration -3 mol/L Al standard solution. Respectively adding 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 and 2.5mL of Al standard solution into a 25mL colorimetric tube, adding 5.5mL of colorimetric solution, diluting to 25mL, and performing absorbanceAnd (4) measuring. And drawing a standard curve according to the absorbance values of samples with different concentrations at the position of 366nm, wherein the Al-Ferron standard curve is shown in figure 2.
4) Time-by-time colorimetric method of Al-Ferron
Adding 5.5mL of prepared Ferron colorimetric solution into a 25mL colorimetric tube, diluting deionized water to a constant volume of 25mL, and adding a trace amount of solution to be detected (the addition amount is related to the total aluminum concentration of the solution to be detected, and the amount of aluminum added into the colorimetric tube is controlled to be 0.5-2.5 x 10 -6 mol), timing, quickly shaking, placing the cuvette containing the sample in a spectrophotometer, and measuring the absorbance value (i.e. Ala component) at 2 min; the absorbance values (i.e. the components of Ala + Alb) were measured fixed-point at 2 h; alc values were calculated as AlT = Ala + Alb + Alc. The working curve of the Al-Ferron time-lapse complexation colorimetry is shown in FIG. 3.
According to the above detection method, the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner prepared in examples 1 to 5 was subjected to an Al-Ferron time-by-time colorimetry to measure the occurrence form of aluminum, and the detection results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 appearance of aluminum in the inorganic Polymer sludge conditioners prepared in examples 1-5
From the above table, it can be seen that the amount of acid, the amount of aluminum hydroxide added, and whether or not the filter pressing is performed will affect the appearance of Al in the final product.
Experimental example 2
The inorganic polymer sludge conditioners prepared in examples 1, 4 and 5, the aluminum-based inorganic polymer material prepared in comparative example 1, and common lime and FeCl were used in this example 3 As a sludge conditioner, excess sludge with the water content of 95 percent is taken as objects to be treated, and sludge conditioning is respectively carried out, so that the sludge dewatering performance is improved, and the mechanical dewatering effect is improved。
The processing method comprises the following steps:
200mL of sludge sample is taken, the reagents are respectively added in the amount of 2mL, 3mL, 4mL and 5mL for sludge conditioning experiments, and the experimental steps are as follows:
1. stirring the sludge at the speed of 250rmp for 1min, uniformly mixing, and adding a sludge conditioner according to the dosage after stirring;
2. stirring at 40rmp for 20-30 min;
3. detecting the capillary water absorption time (CST) of the mud-water mixture;
4. performing filter pressing dehydration on the mud-water mixture, detecting the water content of a mud cake after filter pressing dehydration, and calculating the dry-solid increase rate;
the test device for filter-pressing dehydration adopts a small filter-pressing device independently developed by Beijing environmental science and technology Limited and simulates plate-and-frame filter press dehydration on sludge by using air pressure, thereby achieving the purpose of deep dehydration of the sludge, wherein the filter-pressing time is 40min, and the pressure is 0.50-0.60MPa.
The detection method comprises the following steps:
1) Capillary Suction Time (CST)
Capillary Suction Time (CST) can test the permeability of free moisture in sludge and can be used as an index for measuring the sludge dewatering characteristics. The test apparatus was measured using CST304B from Triton, england. 5mL of the homogenized sludge was poured into a stainless steel cylinder 18mm in diameter, and water was absorbed from the sludge by capillary suction pressure by Whatman filter paper, and the CST value was taken as the time required for the filtrate to increase the wetting radius from 1cm to 3 cm. Generally, the larger the value of CST, the worse the sludge dewatering performance.
2) Water content ratio
And calculating the water content by adopting a difference method. Placing the cleaned crucible in an oven at 105 ℃ to be dried to constant weight, and recording the weight of the crucible as G1; placing a certain amount of uniformly mixed sludge sample in a crucible, and recording the weight as G2; and (3) drying the crucible with the sludge sample in a drying oven at 105 ℃ for 24h, taking out the crucible, cooling the crucible in the drying oven to normal temperature, weighing and recording the weight as G3. The water content is calculated by the following formula:
the water content is = (G2-G3)/(G2-G1). Times.100%
3) Increase rate of dry solids
And calculating the water content by adopting a difference method. Taking two 100mL evaporation dishes respectively, marking as an evaporation dish 1 and an evaporation dish 2, placing the cleaned 2 evaporation dishes in a drying oven at 105 ℃ to dry to constant weight, and recording the weight of the evaporation dish 1 as g1 and the weight of the evaporation dish 2 as g2; 50mL of uniformly mixed sludge is placed in an evaporation dish 1 directly, the evaporation dish 1 is placed in an oven at 105 ℃ for drying for 24 hours, the evaporation dish 1 is taken out and placed in a drying oven to be cooled to the normal temperature, then weighing is carried out, and the weight is recorded as g3. Taking another clean beaker, taking 50mL of uniformly mixed sludge original sample, conditioning according to different conditioning schemes, after filter pressing, transferring all the sludge cakes into an evaporating dish 2 (deionized water can be properly used for cleaning in the transferring process to ensure that all the sludge cakes are transferred into the evaporating dish 2), drying in a drying oven at 105 ℃ for 24 hours, taking out the evaporating dish 1, placing in a drying oven, cooling to normal temperature, weighing, and recording the dry solid increase rate with the weight of g4 according to the calculation formula:
dry solids increase rate = ((g 4-g 2)/(g 3-g 1) -1) × 100%
The results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Effect of different sludge conditioners on sludge dewatering Performance
From the comparison of the above experimental data, it can be seen that:
(1) Compared with the traditional lime and FeCl adopted by using the sludge conditioner provided by the invention 3 The process conditions the sludge, the final dry-solid increase rate of the sludge can be obviously reduced, and the pure liquid scheme is compared with lime and FeCl and is measured by the optimal moisture content effect group 3 According to the scheme, the sludge amount is reduced by more than 24.6%, and the subsequent sludge treatment amount is greatly reduced;
(2) The data show that the LB-EPS can be combined by the abundant Alb, and the Alc plays a role in assisting filtration to a certain extent, so that necessary support is provided for the formation of the mud cakes, the smooth release of water in the filtration process is facilitated, and the water content of the mud cakes is reduced.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of an inorganic polymer sludge conditioner is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing an aluminum-containing solid raw material to 100-200 meshes, and adding the crushed material into a first reactor; the aluminum-containing solid raw material is selected from one or more of aluminum hydroxide, bauxite and high-alumina fly ash;
adding industrial hydrochloric acid or mixed acid of the industrial hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid into a first reactor, wherein the mass of the added industrial hydrochloric acid or mixed acid is 15-20 times of that of aluminum element in the aluminum-containing solid raw material;
sealing the first reactor, heating to 110-130 ℃, and reacting for 2-3 hours;
adding the reaction product into a second reactor;
(2) Heating the second reactor to 80 ℃, and adding Al (OH) with more than 200 meshes in batches under the condition of continuous heat preservation 3 Powder, the total adding mass is 190-680 percent of the mass of the aluminum element in the aluminum-containing solid raw material, the adding process needs to be continued for 1-1.5 hours, and the stirring reaction is continued for more than 1 hour after the adding is finished; after the reaction is finished, curing for 2 hours at the temperature of more than 60 ℃ to obtain the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner;
the content of Alb in the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner is more than 50% of the total content of Al, and the total content of Alb and Alc is more than 80% of the total content of Al.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), when the solid raw material containing aluminum is in a hydrated state, the solid raw material containing aluminum is subjected to a drying treatment to control the water content of the solid raw material containing aluminum to 10% or less.
3. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein in the step (1), the concentration of the industrial hydrochloric acid is 25%, and the sulfuric acid proportion in the mixed acid of the industrial hydrochloric acid and the sulfuric acid is less than 10%.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (1), feCl is further added to the first reactor 3 Or ferric sulfate is used as a reaction additive, and the mass of the iron element is controlled to be not more than 20% of the total mass of the aluminum element in the aluminum-containing solid raw material.
5. An inorganic polymer sludge conditioner, characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The inorganic polymer sludge conditioner as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner is used for conditioning sludge.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein the inorganic polymer sludge conditioner is added into the sludge to improve the dehydration performance of the sludge.
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| EP0884279B1 (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 2002-07-24 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | A process for producing polyamminium chloride |
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