CN112158953A - Rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method - Google Patents
Rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112158953A CN112158953A CN202010997048.XA CN202010997048A CN112158953A CN 112158953 A CN112158953 A CN 112158953A CN 202010997048 A CN202010997048 A CN 202010997048A CN 112158953 A CN112158953 A CN 112158953A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and a method, which comprises an anaerobic reaction unit and an aerobic reaction unit; the anaerobic reaction unit comprises a plurality of anaerobic reactors which are sequentially connected with one another, and the anaerobic reactors are sequentially provided with a sewage inlet, a sludge reaction cavity, a sludge plate, a non-woven fabric layer, an elastic packing layer, a sewage reaction cavity, a three-phase separator and an anaerobic section water outlet from bottom to top; the aerobic reaction unit comprises a self-priming pump and a pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter, and the pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter comprises a high-level water tank, a pulse water distributor, a composite filter material layer and an aerobic section water outlet. Compared with the prior art, the rural domestic sewage hydraulic treatment system has the advantages that the hydraulic retention time of rural domestic sewage in the anaerobic reactor is longer through the anaerobic reaction unit formed by the anaerobic reactors which are sequentially connected with one another, the rural domestic sewage is closer to a plug-flow state, and the efficient proceeding of anaerobic reaction is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method.
Background
At present, rural domestic sewage in China has the following characteristics, so that the rural domestic sewage treatment difficulty is higher:
1. the total amount of pollution sources is astonishing, the distribution is scattered about 70 million administrative villages in China, the natural villages are larger, 8 million people in the countryside are counted, according to 100 liters of daily domestic water per person, the discharge coefficient is 0.8, 0.64 million tons of daily accumulated domestic sewage is equivalent to 6400 million tons/day, 64 million tons of WWTP accounts for 30-32 percent of the total amount of national domestic sewage discharge.
2. The sewage treatment rate is low, the natural village inhabitation is dispersed, the sanitation problem causes the environmental problem, the pollution source is quite dispersed, the problems generated after the small aggregation and the disordered development of the village are not considered, the rural sewage treatment rate in China is only 34% -13% at present, the urban sewage treatment rate reaches 91.97%, the untreated sewage is discharged randomly, and the serious pollution is caused to the rural environment.
3. The rural planting and breeding amount shows that the discharge amount of the agricultural chemical oxygen demand is up to 1068.6 ten thousand tons and ten thousand tons, which accounts for 48.06 percent of the total discharge amount of the chemical oxygen demand in the wastewater in China; the discharge amount of the agricultural source ammonia nitrogen is up to 72.6 ten thousand tons, and accounts for 31.6 percent of the total discharge amount of the ammonia nitrogen in the national wastewater.
Therefore, the important link of building beautiful countryside for the treatment of rural domestic sewage is related to the happy life of rural personnel, and the comprehensive treatment of rural water pollution is one of the main battlefields for the environmental protection of 5-10 years in China.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment which can realize high reaction efficiency, small occupied area, easy maintenance and low power consumption.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a rural domestic sewage farmland recycling device comprises an anaerobic reaction unit and an aerobic reaction unit;
the anaerobic reaction unit comprises a plurality of anaerobic reactors which are sequentially connected with one another, and the anaerobic reactors are sequentially provided with a sewage inlet, a sludge reaction cavity, a sludge plate, a non-woven fabric layer, an elastic packing layer, a sewage reaction cavity, a three-phase separator and an anaerobic section water outlet from bottom to top;
the aerobic reaction unit comprises a self-priming pump and a pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter, and the pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter sequentially comprises a high-level water tank, a pulse water distributor, a composite filter material layer and an aerobic section water outlet from top to bottom.
Preferably, the height-diameter ratio of the anaerobic reactor ranges from 20 to 50.
Preferably, the elastic filler layer is formed by vertically arranging a plurality of elastic filler ropes, a plurality of elastic spheres are connected to the elastic filler ropes in a bolted mode, the inner portions of the elastic spheres are PUR spheres, and the outer portions of the elastic spheres are wrapped by one layer of PBT.
Preferably, a plurality of holes are uniformly arranged on the PBT layer of the elastic ball.
Preferably, a propeller pump is arranged at the sewage inlet.
Preferably, the lower end of the pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter is also provided with an aerobic section water return opening, and the water return opening is communicated with the high-level water tank.
Preferably, the composite filter material layer comprises a waste gypsum filling layer.
Preferably, the pulse water distributor is of a siphon type.
Preferably, the composite filter layer comprises a methyl vinyl silicone rubber particle layer.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a rural domestic sewage farmland recycling method which can realize high reaction efficiency, small occupied area, easy maintenance and small power consumption.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a rural domestic sewage cultivated land recycling method comprises the following steps:
step 1): introducing rural domestic sewage into an anaerobic reactor through a sewage inlet, wherein the rural domestic sewage is sequentially provided with a sewage inlet, a sludge reaction cavity, a sludge plate, a non-woven fabric layer, an elastic packing layer, a sewage reaction cavity, a three-phase separator and an anaerobic section water outlet, and then obtaining anaerobic section treated sewage from the anaerobic section water outlet;
step 2): and (3) introducing the sewage treated by the anaerobic section into a pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter, wherein the sewage treated by the anaerobic section sequentially passes through a high-level water tank, a pulse water distributor and a composite filter material layer, and then obtaining standard water from a water outlet of the aerobic section.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling method provided by the invention are based on hydrodynamics and a reactor construction principle, the effective water depth of the anaerobic reactor is effectively increased through setting the height-diameter ratio of the anaerobic reactor to be 20-50, a characteristic configuration of large depth and small inner diameter is formed, a plug-flow state of integral up-flow or down-flow is formed in the plug-flow state, and the efficient proceeding of anaerobic reaction is ensured; in addition, the larger height to diameter ratio also reduces the reactor footprint for the same volumetric load.
2. According to the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method provided by the invention, the anaerobic reaction unit formed by the anaerobic reactors which are sequentially connected with one another is adopted, so that the hydraulic retention time of rural domestic sewage in the anaerobic reactors is longer, the rural domestic sewage farmland can be closer to a plug flow state, and the efficient implementation of anaerobic reaction is ensured.
3. According to the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method provided by the invention, the anaerobic reactor has higher treatment efficiency and impact load resistance capacity by arranging the propeller pump.
4. According to the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method provided by the invention, the reactor is filled with the non-woven fabric and the elastic filler, so that the biological attachment specific surface area is increased to improve the anaerobic reaction efficiency.
5. The invention provides rural domestic sewage cultivated land recycling equipment and a method, wherein a pulse multilayer composite filter material biofilter is adopted in an aerobic reaction unit, aeration is not needed in the pulse multilayer composite filter material biofilter, natural ventilation and oxygen supply are realized, the hydraulic load is high, the occupied area is small, and the impact load is resistant.
6. According to the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method provided by the invention, a siphon pulse water distribution mode is adopted, so that the filter tank can be maintained to run at a low average load, and the nitrification reaction in the filter tank is ensured to be completed smoothly; but also ensures that part of aged biological membranes are washed away instantly during water distribution, thereby maintaining the biological membranes with higher activity and solving the problems that the traditional biological filter is easy to block and grow flies and generate odor.
7. The rural domestic sewage cultivated land recycling equipment and method provided by the invention have the advantages that the waste gypsum filling layer is arranged in the composite filter material layer, and the removal of phosphorus is primarily realized.
Drawings
The invention will be better understood and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will become more apparent in the course of the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given by way of illustration only and not by way of implied limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rural domestic sewage farmland recycling device provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an elastic filler rope in the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment provided by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an elastic sphere in the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment provided by the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of sewage flowing through an elastic ball in the recycling equipment for rural domestic sewage farmland provided by the invention.
The reference numerals refer to the following:
1-sewage inlet 2-plug flow pump
3-sludge board 4-non-woven fabric layer
5-elastic packing layer 6-sewage reaction chamber
7-three-phase separator 8-anaerobic section water outlet
9-high level water tank 10-pulse water distributor
11-composite filter material layer 12-aerobic section water outlet
13-elastic filler rope 14-elastic sphere
15-PBT layer 16-PUR sphere
17-sewage flow 18-sludge reaction chamber
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention consists of an anaerobic reaction unit and an aerobic reaction unit.
The anaerobic reaction unit is connected by a plurality of anaerobic reactors which are connected in sequence, so that the connection mode of the series anaerobic reactors can lead the hydraulic retention time of rural domestic sewage in the anaerobic reactors to be longer, and the rural domestic sewage is more close to a plug flow state, thereby ensuring the high-efficiency proceeding of anaerobic reaction.
The structure of a single anaerobic reactor comprises a sewage inlet 1, a sludge reaction cavity 18, a sludge plate 3, a non-woven fabric layer 4, an elastic packing layer 5, a sewage reaction cavity 6, a three-phase separator 7 and an anaerobic section water outlet 8, rural domestic sewage flows in from the sewage inlet 1 of the anaerobic reactor and generates anaerobic reaction in the sludge reaction cavity 18, then the rural domestic sewage sequentially passes through the sludge plate 3, the non-woven fabric layer 4, the elastic packing layer 5 and the sewage reaction cavity 6, then sewage treated in the first stage is separated out through the three-phase separator 7, and then enters another anaerobic reactor connected in series again through a pipeline to generate anaerobic reaction again.
In the embodiment of the invention, the height-diameter ratio of the anaerobic reactor ranges from 20 to 50, and the design of the height-diameter ratio is based on hydrodynamics and a reactor construction principle, so that the effective water depth of the anaerobic reactor is effectively increased, a characteristic configuration of large depth and small inner diameter is formed, a plug-flow state of integral upflow or downflow is formed in the anaerobic reactor, and the efficient proceeding of anaerobic reaction is ensured; in addition, the larger height to diameter ratio also reduces the reactor footprint for the same volumetric load. In addition, the sewage inlet 1 is provided with the axial flow pump 2, and the anaerobic reactor has higher treatment efficiency and impact load resistance by arranging the axial flow pump 2.
As shown in fig. 2-3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic filler layer 5 is formed by vertically arranging a plurality of elastic filler ropes 13, a plurality of elastic spheres 14 are bolted to the elastic filler ropes 13, the elastic spheres 14 are PUR spheres 16 inside, and a PBT layer 15 is wrapped outside, and a plurality of holes are uniformly arranged on the PBT layer 15 of the elastic spheres 14
In order to improve the reaction efficiency of the anaerobic reaction, the residence time of the sewage in the reactor is often increased, for example, the arrangement of a plurality of anaerobic reactors adopted in the embodiment of the scheme, so that the water cut-off time of the sewage is directly multiplied, but the increase of the time brings about the increase of the power of the propeller pump 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the design of the elastic ball 14 adopted in the embodiment of the present invention can make the sewage flow 17 have a plurality of holes uniformly arranged on the PBT layer 15, which can additionally increase the flow path, which can increase the residence time of the sewage in the anaerobic reactor to a certain extent, and in addition, the design of uniformly arranging a plurality of holes on the PBT layer 15 can not additionally increase the resistance, because the flow path is along the forward direction of the ball, which is equivalent to a streamline structure, in addition, the design of the ball can obtain the maximum specific surface area, and the holes dug on the ball can further increase the specific surface area, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the anaerobic reaction. Traditional filler can adopt the strand silk system hair technology, with the strand silk interlude fix on corrosion-resistant, high strength center rope, this kind of structural design's filler, in sewage treatment's in-process, because the disorderly indiscriminate resistance that can extra increase the flow of strand silk to the structure specific surface area of strand silk is often not big, promotes in the reaction efficiency to anaerobic reaction and is far less than the design of bolting on the elastic filler rope 13 a plurality of elastic ball 14. In addition, the PUR sphere 16 and the PBT layer 15 wrapped outside are made of materials, so that anaerobic microorganisms can form a biological film on the sphere better, and the reaction efficiency of anaerobic reaction is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the aerobic reaction unit comprises a self-priming pump and a pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter, the pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter sequentially comprises a high-level water tank 9, a pulse water distributor 10, a composite filter material layer 11 and an aerobic section water outlet 12 from top to bottom, and the aerobic reaction unit mainly has the functions of inorganic treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus and further removal of organic matters so as to ensure that the effluent stably reaches the standard. In the conventional small-sized sewage biological denitrification process, the aeration power consumption generally accounts for 80% of the daily operation cost, and is a main energy consumption unit of the traditional biological treatment. Then, the pulse water distributor 10 in the embodiment of the invention is of a siphon type, and a siphon pulse water distribution mode is adopted, so that the operation of the filter tank at low average load can be maintained, and the nitration reaction in the filter tank is ensured to be completed smoothly; but also ensures that part of aged biological membranes are washed away instantly during water distribution, thereby maintaining the biological membranes with higher activity and solving the problems that the traditional biological filter is easy to block and grow flies and generate odor. And a waste gypsum filling layer is arranged in the composite filter material layer 11, so that phosphorus is removed primarily.
It is particularly noted that the composite filter material layer 11 of the present invention is provided with a methyl vinyl silicone rubber particle layer, the conventional biological filter material at present comprises plastics, sand, lignite, zeolite, slag, activated carbon, coke, ceramsite and volcanic rock, and at present, a rubber filter material, particularly a silicone rubber filter material, is not basically adopted. Experiments show that the methyl vinyl silicone rubber particle layer is beneficial to the contact biofilm formation and growth of microorganisms, and more microorganism amount is kept; is beneficial to the oxidation and nutrient substances required in the microbial metabolism process and the mass transfer process of waste produced by the metabolism. And secondly, the methyl vinyl silicone rubber particle layer has good mechanical strength, low breakage rate in the process of water conservancy shearing action with different strengths and friction and collision between filter materials, and can still keep the original size and shape even if used for years in the filtering process. Then the methyl vinyl silicone rubber particle layer has higher corrosion resistance, so that the abrasion degree of the filter material at the later stage of backwashing or when the film hanging amount is small can be reduced. In addition, the void ratio and the surface roughness of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber particle layer are beneficial to the attachment and growth of microorganisms, and the requirement of basic biomass at the initial stage of the periodic work of the biological filter is ensured, so that the effluent quality is relatively stable.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rural domestic sewage farmland recycling device is characterized by comprising an anaerobic reaction unit and an aerobic reaction unit;
the anaerobic reaction unit comprises a plurality of anaerobic reactors which are sequentially connected with one another, and the anaerobic reactors are sequentially provided with a sewage inlet, a sludge reaction cavity, a sludge plate, a non-woven fabric layer, an elastic packing layer, a sewage reaction cavity, a three-phase separator and an anaerobic section water outlet from bottom to top;
the aerobic reaction unit comprises a self-priming pump and a pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter, and the pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter sequentially comprises a high-level water tank, a pulse water distributor, a composite filter material layer and an aerobic section water outlet from top to bottom.
2. The rural domestic sewage arable land of claim 1 is equipped again, characterized in that, the range of height to diameter ratio of anaerobic reactor is 20 ~ 50.
3. The rural domestic sewage cultivated land recycling equipment according to claim 2, wherein the elastic filler layer is formed by vertically arranging a plurality of elastic filler ropes, a plurality of elastic spheres are bolted to the elastic filler ropes, the elastic spheres are PUR spheres inside, and a layer of PBT is wrapped outside.
4. The rural domestic sewage cultivated land recycling equipment according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of holes are uniformly arranged on the PBT layer of the elastic ball body.
5. The rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment of claim 4, wherein a push-flow pump is arranged at the sewage inlet.
6. The rural domestic sewage cultivated land recycling equipment according to claim 5, wherein an aerobic section backflow water port is further arranged at the lower end of the pulse multilayer composite filter material biofilter, and the backflow water port is communicated with the high-level water tank.
7. The rural domestic sewage cultivated land recycling equipment according to claim 6, wherein the composite filter material layer contains a waste gypsum filling layer.
8. The rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment of claim 7, wherein the pulse water distributor is of a siphon type.
9. The rural domestic sewage cultivated land recycling equipment according to claim 8, wherein the composite filter material layer contains a methyl vinyl silicone rubber particle layer.
10. A method for recycling rural domestic sewage cultivated land is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): rural domestic sewage is introduced into the anaerobic reactor through a sewage inlet, the rural domestic sewage sequentially passes through a sewage inlet, a sludge reaction cavity, a sludge plate, a non-woven fabric layer, an elastic packing layer, a sewage reaction cavity and a three-phase separator, and then anaerobic section treated sewage is obtained from an anaerobic section water outlet;
step 2): and introducing the sewage treated by the anaerobic section into a pulse multilayer composite filter material biological filter, wherein the sewage treated by the anaerobic section sequentially passes through a high-level water tank, a pulse water distributor and a composite filter material layer, and then reaches the standard from a water outlet of the aerobic section.
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| CN202010997048.XA CN112158953A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method |
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| CN202010997048.XA CN112158953A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Rural domestic sewage farmland recycling equipment and method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202156974U (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-03-07 | 北京科技大学 | Rural domestic sewage emission reduction device |
| CN102897899A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Modified biological filler for wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof |
| CN209338217U (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-09-03 | 北京百微特环境科技有限公司 | A kind of practical brief expanded granular sludge bed reactor reactor |
| CN110422924A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-08 | 安徽国祯环保节能科技股份有限公司 | Integrated aerobic biological treatment device realizes the method that pulling flow type is decrescence aerated |
| CN210945229U (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-07-07 | 内蒙古奇波爱润环保科技有限公司 | Sewage treatment biological filter |
-
2020
- 2020-09-21 CN CN202010997048.XA patent/CN112158953A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202156974U (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-03-07 | 北京科技大学 | Rural domestic sewage emission reduction device |
| CN102897899A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Modified biological filler for wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof |
| CN209338217U (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-09-03 | 北京百微特环境科技有限公司 | A kind of practical brief expanded granular sludge bed reactor reactor |
| CN210945229U (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-07-07 | 内蒙古奇波爱润环保科技有限公司 | Sewage treatment biological filter |
| CN110422924A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-08 | 安徽国祯环保节能科技股份有限公司 | Integrated aerobic biological treatment device realizes the method that pulling flow type is decrescence aerated |
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