CN112157761B

CN112157761B - Wood thermal modification equipment

Info

Publication number: CN112157761B
Application number: CN202011002319.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宝坤; 杨增岩; 李文栋
Original assignee: Manchuria Zhonglin Technology Drying Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Manchuria Zhonglin Technology Drying Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-22
Filing date: 2020-09-22
Publication date: 2021-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-22
Also published as: CN112157761A

Abstract

The invention discloses a wood thermal modification device, which comprises: the system comprises a kiln body, a control cabinet, a steam generator, a heat exchanger, a radiator, an electric heater, a heat absorber in the kiln, a temperature sensor, a material vehicle and a fire extinguishing device; the electric heater and the heat absorber in the kiln are arranged in the kiln; the steam outlet of the steam generator is communicated to the interior of the kiln body through a pipeline; the radiator is connected with the heat absorber in the kiln in series; the temperature sensors are all positioned in the kiln body and used for monitoring the temperature change condition; the fire extinguishing device is communicated with the kiln body through a pipeline; the industrial control host is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the electric heater, the radiator, the steam generator, the heat exchanger and the fire extinguishing device. The invention has the advantages that the automatic control is realized, the transmission part is maintenance-free, the dual functions of heating in the kiln and steam protection are realized, and the functions of waste heat recovery and pollutant emission reduction can be realized through the heat exchanger; when the system is faced with sudden fire accident, it can automatically implement non-destructive fire-extinguishing, and can reduce property loss to minimum.

Description

Wood thermal modification equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of high-temperature drying equipment for wood, in particular to thermal modification equipment for wood.

Background

The wood thermal modification equipment is designed and researched aiming at low-quality fast growing wood (simultaneously is suitable for various kinds of wood and bamboo). The aim is to improve the pure physical technical functionality of the wood by a high-temperature heating technology, improve the mechanical property, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, dimensional stability, moisture resistance and no deformation of the wood; the color of the wood becomes more beautiful and durable, the grains are clearer, and the three-dimensional texture is obvious; the service life is effectively prolonged, the added value of the product is improved, and the efficient and economical utilization of the wood is realized; the various wood materials subjected to thermal modification treatment have the significance of natural forest protection and environmental protection. The application scenes of the wood subjected to thermal modification treatment are roughly divided into solid wood furniture, building material decoration, outdoor landscape, high-grade ornaments and the like. The solid wood furniture comprises a table, a chair, a stool, a bed and the like; building material decorations include doors, windows, floors, wallboards, ceilings, stairs, wooden houses, etc.; the outdoor landscape comprises a vestibule, a gallery road, a pavilion, handrails, flower stands and the like; the high-grade ornaments comprise car ornaments, boat ornaments, screens, pen holders, painting shafts, incenses, landscape figure sculptures and the like. Because the total number of domestic wood product processing enterprises is nearly two thousand, the full-automatic wood thermal modification equipment which is energy-saving, low in consumption, high in production efficiency, low in failure rate and simple and easy to operate is researched and developed, and the full-automatic wood thermal modification equipment has great significance for development of science and technology assisted economy, improvement of the operation management mode of the enterprises and promotion of economic rewarming of the wood product market.

The defects existing in the prior art are shown as follows: the thermal modification control system stays in a manual state and a semi-automatic state, the drying level is suitable for people, and the drying quality is uneven; poor energy-saving and heat-insulating performance, large heat-work waste and high drying cost; the sealing performance is poor, the probability of fire catching in high-temperature oxygen exposure is high, the fire extinguishing measures are unscientific, and the risks of safety accidents and quality accidents are high; the humidity adjustment and equalization treatment measures are not proper, and the conditions of wood cracking and uneven water content are serious; the motor transmission long shaft has high failure rate, frequent maintenance and high maintenance cost; the discharge of waste gas and waste water exceeds the standard, and the waste heat recovery utilization rate is low; the cooling rate is low after the drying is finished, the drying period is long, and the yield is obviously low. In conclusion, the development of the wood thermal modification equipment with advanced technology and excellent performance has great significance for improving the technical innovation in the field of wood deep processing, adjusting the industrial structure form of enterprises, improving the additional value of low-quality fast growing wood and realizing the diversified development of wood processing, and the social development prospect is very long-lasting.

Chinese patents CN106705592A and CN207594014U both disclose wood thermal modification equipment, which includes an air circulation device, a heating device, a cooling device, an atomization spraying device, a humidity control device, and a control system, but the above technical solutions do not fully consider how to treat the generated waste gas, how to make the internal circulation more efficient and durable, and avoid the problems of overheating of the transmission device, etc., and cannot well solve the overall safety problem and the environmental pollution problem, so further improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a thermal wood modification apparatus, which can solve the above problems.

For this purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical means.

A wood thermal modification apparatus comprising: the system comprises a kiln body, a control cabinet, a motor, a steam generator, a heat exchanger, a first radiator, a second radiator, an electric heater, a heat absorber in the kiln, a dry-bulb temperature sensor, an inspection temperature sensor, a material vehicle, wheels, a track in the kiln, a material vehicle bracket outside the kiln, a parting strip, a kiln door hinge, a kiln door pressing hand wheel, a kiln door side locking point, a kiln door sealing strip and a fire extinguishing device;

the kiln body is the non ferrous metal shell structure of cuboid shape, is heat preservation thermal insulation material between interior outer liner plate, the kiln body still includes: the kiln door, the first side wall, the second side wall, the rear wall, the upper cover, the bottom frame) and the air duct baffle; the air duct baffle is of a flat plate structure for guiding the air circulation direction, is vertically arranged in the kiln body, divides the interior of the kiln into a front cavity structure and a rear cavity structure, and the bottom frame is paved with the in-kiln track in a cavity close to the side of the kiln door; the electric heater and the heat absorber in the kiln are vertically arranged in parallel in the cavity on the other side of the kiln body; the kiln door is rotationally connected with the kiln body through the kiln door hinge, the kiln door sealing strip is installed at the edge of the inner side of the kiln door, and a plurality of kiln door side locking points are installed on the frame; the side edges of the kiln body inlet and outlet are provided with corresponding kiln door pressing hand wheels which are matched with kiln door side locking points to form a pressing structure;

the control cabinet is positioned outside the kiln body, an industrial control host is installed in the control cabinet, and a touch screen, a buzzer, a key switch and an equipment state display device are arranged outside the control cabinet; a control system is installed in the industrial control host, and a signal transmission module, an operation control module, a communication module, an analog input/output module, a temperature control module and an alarm module are integrated; the control cabinet is also internally provided with an alternating current contactor, a thermal overload relay, an electromagnetic relay, a solid-state relay and a frequency converter;

the kiln comprises a kiln body, a side wall, a diaphragm coupling, a transmission long shaft, a motor support, a transmission long shaft, a heat absorber, a fan motor and a fan, wherein the motor is arranged outside the kiln body and is arranged on the motor support outside the side wall, and the fan motor is connected with an impeller arranged inside the kiln body through the diaphragm coupling and the transmission long; a cooling and lubricating device is sleeved outside the transmission long shaft;

the steam generator is arranged outside the kiln body, a steam outlet is communicated to the inside of the kiln body through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the steam outlet;

the heat exchanger is arranged on a side wall outside the kiln body and is connected to the side of the upper cover through a pipeline;

the first radiator and the second radiator are both air-cooled radiators and are arranged on the upper surface of the upper cover, wherein the first radiator is connected with the heat absorber in the kiln in series through a pipeline to form a closed circulation system; the heat absorber in the kiln is arranged in the kiln body and is a plurality of bimetallic finned tubes, and the pipeline is connected with a heat conduction oil pump in series; heat conducting oil is filled in the bimetal finned tube and the pipeline; the second radiator is connected with the cooling and lubricating device in series;

the electric heater is arranged in the kiln body and comprises a plurality of fin type electric heating tubes;

the number of the dry ball temperature sensors is 8, the measuring ends are all positioned in the kiln body, and the temperature change conditions of the upper part, the lower part, the front part and the rear part of the timber pile are respectively monitored;

the inspection temperature sensor is provided with 8 test points which are all positioned right above the material pile in the kiln and are distributed in a cross shape;

the material vehicle is a rail plate vehicle, and the wheels are arranged below the material vehicle; the material vehicle can reciprocate along the in-kiln track and the out-kiln material vehicle bracket; when the wood is stacked on the upper surface of the wood vehicle, the parting strips are placed to form a layered stacking structure;

the fire extinguishing device is arranged outside the kiln body, is communicated with the kiln body through a pipeline, and is provided with an electromagnetic valve which is electrically connected with the industrial control host;

the industrial control host is also electrically connected with the dry bulb temperature sensor, the patrol temperature sensor, the electric heater, the first radiator, the second radiator, the motor, the steam generator and the heat exchanger.

Further, the main bodies of the kiln door, the first side wall, the second side wall, the rear wall, the upper cover and the bottom frame are Q235 carbon steel metal frameworks, the inner lining plate is a 304 stainless steel plate, and the outer lining plate is an aluminum alloy orange-grain embossed corrugated plate; the heat-insulating material is a cold bridge filled with high-temperature-resistant glass wool and aerogel heat-insulating felt; the air duct baffle is composed of a 304 stainless steel metal framework and a 304 stainless steel lining plate.

Further, the control cabinet is arranged on the bracket, and the cabinet door is arranged on the front side of the control cabinet; the touch screen is a human-computer interaction device, can carry out instruction and parameter input to the control system, and show processing process and instrument information in real time, include: running time, current stage, environment temperature in the kiln, control temperature, target temperature, lubricating oil temperature, heating state, positive and negative rotation of a fan, dry ball test point temperature and inspection test point temperature; the equipment state display device is arranged on the surface of the cabinet door; the equipment state display device is one or a combination of a voltmeter, a temperature polling instrument display and a state indicator lamp.

Further, the impeller is arranged on the fan bracket, and a wind collecting ring is coaxially arranged in the kiln; the cooling and lubricating device comprises a shaft sleeve and a cartridge type mechanical seal; bearings are installed at two ends of the transmission long shaft, the shaft sleeve is installed outside the transmission long shaft, and the integrated mechanical seal is installed between the shaft sleeve and the transmission long shaft; and the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the integrated mechanical seal form closed circulation with the second radiator and the mechanical seal oil pump.

Further, the heat exchanger comprises a water tank, a water tank bracket, an overflow valve, a cooling barrel, a steam outlet flow guide pipe, a water injection valve and an exhaust pipe; the steam outlet guide pipe is led out from the side of the upper cover and is connected with the upper end of the cooling barrel; the water outlet guide pipe is led out from the lower end of the cooling barrel and is connected with the upper cover of the box body of the water box, the water outlet guide pipe extends into the water box, and the pipe orifice of the water outlet guide pipe is submerged below the water surface; the overflow valve and the water injection valve are arranged on the side of the tank body of the water tank; the exhaust pipe is arranged on an upper cover of the tank body of the water tank; the water tank is mounted on the water tank support.

Further, the first radiator comprises a first fan, a first fan bracket, a first radiating fin, a first oil injection tank and a first base; the first fan is arranged on the first fan bracket; the first radiating fin is arranged right in front of the first fan; the first fan bracket, the first radiating fin, the heat conduction oil pump and the first oil injection tank are all arranged on the first base; the first base is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the upper cover.

Further, the second radiator comprises a second fan, a second fan bracket, a second radiating fin, a second oil injection tank and a second base; the second fan is arranged on the second fan bracket; the second cooling fin is arranged right in front of the second fan bracket; the second fan bracket, the second radiating fin and the second oil injection tank are all arranged on the second base; the second base is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the upper cover.

Furthermore, the electric heater is composed of a plurality of 304 stainless steel finned electric heating pipes and is arranged at the opening of the rear wall; the heat dissipation part of the electric heating pipe is arranged in the kiln, the binding post is arranged outside the kiln, a high-temperature-resistant red copper pad is additionally arranged at the installation position in the kiln, and a flat pad, a spring pad and a nut are arranged outside the kiln to fasten the electric heating pipe on the rear wall; the heat radiating part of the electric heating pipe is supported by a bracket; and a wiring groove cover are arranged at the wiring terminal of the electric heating pipe.

Further, the dry-bulb temperature sensor is an armored thermal resistor and is arranged at the position of an opening of the side wall; the outer protection tube of the armored thermal resistor is arranged in the kiln, the binding post is arranged outside the kiln, and a high-temperature-resistant red copper pad is additionally arranged at the installation position in the kiln and is fastened by a stainless steel nut.

Further, the inspection temperature sensor is an armored thermal resistor and is arranged at the position of the opening of the upper cover; the outer protection tube of the armored thermal resistor is arranged in the kiln, the binding post is arranged outside the kiln, and a high-temperature-resistant red copper pad is additionally arranged at the installation position in the kiln and is fastened by a stainless steel nut; the fire extinguishing device consists of at least two CO₂The gas cylinders are arranged on the bracket and connected in parallel through the gas distribution bags; the gas distribution bag is also provided with a pressure gauge and is communicated with the inside of the kiln body through a gas transmission pipe; the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the gas transmission pipe.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention has the beneficial effects that the automatic control is realized, the heating system, the gas protection system, the airflow circulating system, the refrigeration and cooling system, the high-temperature alarm system, the condensation pressure relief system and the rail system of the timber car are integrated, the system is more applicable, efficient and energy-saving, has safe ultrahigh-temperature operation capability, reduces labor, reduces the drying cost and improves the cost performance of products.

2. The steam generator can provide high-temperature saturated steam, realizes dual functions of heating and steam protection in the kiln, effectively performs humidity adjustment and equalization treatment on the wood in the kiln, avoids the conditions of wood drying crack and uneven water content, greatly reduces the wood drying risk and ensures the drying quality.

3. The cooling and lubricating device is arranged outside the long shaft of the motor, so that the running temperature of the motor is effectively reduced, the motor runs at high temperature for a long time without failure and maintenance, the drying quality accident is effectively avoided without stopping the thermal modification process, and the production standard requirements of high yield and high quality are realized.

4. The heat exchanger designed by the invention can realize the functions of recovering waste heat and reducing pollutant emission, so that the drying cost is controlled.

5. When the full-automatic control system operates, the kiln body gate is airtight through the combined action of the door hinge, the kiln door pressing hand wheel and the kiln door side locking point, so that the probability of wood combustion in oxygen at high temperature is zero, the wood drying risk is greatly reduced, and the drying quality is ensured.

6. According to the invention, the dry bulb temperature sensor and the patrol temperature sensor are used for transmitting the temperature change data signal in the kiln in real time, the system automatically adjusts the power consumption, the heating rate, the constant temperature time and other data of the electric heater, the wood is dried uniformly, does not crack or deform in a stable temperature and humidity environment, common diseases in the industry are avoided, and the wood utilization value is improved.

7. The fire extinguishing device provided by the invention can automatically implement nondestructive fire extinguishing when an emergent fire accident happens, so that the property loss is reduced to the minimum.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one or several embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.

The location and number of identical structures shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the invention and do not indicate or imply that the structures referred to must have a particular orientation, number of distributions and are therefore not to be considered limiting.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a kiln body structure of a wood thermal modification device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a kiln body of a thermal wood modification apparatus in front view in the direction of a gate;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rear wall of the wood thermal modification apparatus of the present invention in a front view;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side wall direction elevational view of a wood thermal modification apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view A-A of a thermal wood modification apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of an electric heater in a kiln when a thermal wood modification apparatus of the present invention is loaded;

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a heat absorber in a kiln when a thermal wood modification apparatus of the present invention is loaded;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a damper, a material car and a support of a material car outside a kiln in an air duct of a thermal wood modification apparatus in a kiln during no-load operation;

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of a fire extinguishing apparatus of a wood thermal modification apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of a control cabinet of a thermal wood modification apparatus according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1-a kiln body; 2-a control cabinet; 3, a motor; 4-a steam generator; 5-a heat exchanger; 6-a first heat sink; 7-a second heat sink; 8-an electric heater; 9-heat absorber in kiln; 10-dry bulb temperature sensor; 11-routing inspection temperature sensor; 12-material turning; 13-a wheel; 14-in-kiln rails; 15-kiln external material vehicle supportA frame; 16-parting beads; 17-a kiln door hinge; 18-a kiln door pressing hand wheel 19-a kiln door side locking point; 20-a kiln door sealing strip; 21-a fire extinguishing device; 101-a kiln door; 102-a first sidewall; 103-a second side wall; 104-rear wall 105-upper cover; 106-bottom frame; 107-duct baffle; 201-touch screen; 202-voltmeter; 203-temperature polling instrument display; 204-status indicator lights; 205-cabinet door; 206-a bracket; 301-motor mount; 302-diaphragm coupling; 303-a drive shaft; 304-a bearing; 305-a shaft sleeve; 306-cartridge mechanical seal; 307-synthetic lubricating oil; 308-an impeller; 309-wind collecting ring; 310-a fan support; 501-a water tank; 502-tank holder; 503-relief valve; 504-cooling barrel; 505-a steam outlet guide pipe; 506-water outlet guide pipe; 507-a water injection valve; 508-an exhaust pipe; 601-a first fan; 602-a first fan mount; 603-a first heat sink; 604-a heat conducting oil pump; 605-a first fuel injection tank; 606-a first base; 701-a second fan; 702-a second fan mount; 703-a second heat sink; 704-a mechanical seal oil pump; 705-a second fuel tank; 706-a second base; 211-gas delivery pipe; 212-pressure gauge; 213-solenoid valve; 214-gas distribution bag; 215-CO₂A gas cylinder; 216-bracket.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. Such terms are merely used to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying figures 1-10.

Referring to fig. 1, a kiln body 1 is a cuboid, and is composed of a kiln door 101, a first side wall 102, a second side wall 103, a rear wall 104, an upper cover 105, and a bottom frame 106; the kiln door 101 can be freely opened and closed in a flat mode, when the kiln door 101 is closed, the kiln door needs to be pushed to a closed state along the running track direction of the kiln door 101 by taking the door hinge as an axis, and the pressing hand wheel 18 is hinged with the side locking point 19, so that the sealing strip 20 is pressed by the door frame, and the closed and airtight protection state of the kiln door is realized. The air duct baffle 107 is a flat plate structure for guiding the air circulation direction, is vertically arranged in the kiln body 1, divides the interior of the kiln into a front cavity structure and a rear cavity structure, and 2 kiln inner rails 14 are arranged on the inner lining plate of the bottom frame 106 in a cavity close to the side of the kiln door 101. Particularly, the kiln door, the first side wall 102, the second side wall 103, the rear wall 104, the upper cover 105 and the bottom frame 106 are made of Q235 carbon steel metal framework, a 304 stainless steel inner lining plate with the thickness of 2.5mm, an aluminum 3003 corrugated outer lining plate with the thickness of 1mm and orange patterns, high-temperature resistant glass wool filled with the volume weight of 96kg, an aerogel heat-insulating felt cold bridge and other materials; the air duct baffle 107 is composed of a 304 stainless steel metal framework and a 304 stainless steel lining plate with the thickness of 2.5mm (shown in detail in figure 6), and the hollow structure keeps air circulation between the two cavities. The kiln body 1 is a kiln body frame formed by assembling and welding Q235 carbon steel and 304 stainless steel, and can meet the requirements of paving, bearing, hoisting and the like of equipment materials.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, which are front views of a kiln door 101 and a rear wall 104 of the present embodiment, a heat exchanger 5 is disposed at a side of a second side wall 103 of a kiln body 1; a steam outlet guide pipe 505 is led out from the side of the kiln body upper cover 105 and is connected with the upper end of the cooling barrel 504; the water outlet guide pipe 506 is led out from the lower end of the cooling barrel and is connected with the upper cover of the box body of the water tank 501, the water outlet guide pipe 506 extends into the water tank 501, and the pipe orifice is submerged below the water surface; an overflow valve 503 and a water injection valve 507 are arranged on the side of the tank body of the water tank 501; the exhaust pipe 508 is arranged on the upper cover of the tank body of the water tank 501; the tank rests on a tank support 502. Specifically, the tank bracket 502 is Q235 carbon steel, and the remainder is 304 stainless steel. When the control system operates to the high temperature stage, the high temperature, high humidity flue gas and tar with certain acidity in the kiln are discharged through the steam outlet guide pipe 505 of the kiln body upper cover 105 and then enter the cooling barrel, the flue gas is divided, cooled and cooled when passing through the cooling barrel 504, then the flue gas is changed into condensed water and drops into the water tank 501 from the water outlet guide pipe 506, and meanwhile, the tar is also dropped into the water tank 501 from the water outlet guide pipe 506 after being cooled. The tar and the smoke are diluted and degraded by water, and a small amount of non-diluted smoke is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 508. Further, when the amount of water flowing into the water tank 501 reaches a certain amount, the water is automatically discharged to the outside of the water tank by the overflow valve 503 and collected. The water injection valve has the function of automatic floating ball switch, can keep the water level in the water tank higher than the orifice of the water outlet flow guide pipe all the time, and prevents the external air from entering the high-temperature and oxygen-deficient kiln body to cause fire.

In addition, the first fan 601 of the first heat sink 6 is placed on the first fan holder 602; the first heat sink 603 is disposed right in front of the first fan; the first fan bracket 602, the radiating fins 603, the heat conducting oil pump 604 and the oil injection tank 605 are all arranged on the first base 606; the first base is fixed on the metal framework of the upper cover 105 of the kiln body 1 close to the back wall 104 by bolts and special connecting pieces. Particularly, the heat conducting oil circulation route in the first radiator 6 can be clearly understood through the attached drawing 3, and the refrigeration and cooling principle of the first radiator 6 in the embodiment can be intuitively known by combining the pipeline connection of the heat absorber 9 in the kiln of the attached drawing 7. In addition, the second fan 701 of the second heat sink 7 is mounted on the second fan support 702; the second heat sink 703 is disposed right in front of the second fan 701; the second fan bracket 702, the radiating fins 703, the mechanical seal oil pump 704 and the oil injection tank 705 are all arranged on a second base 706; the second base 706 is fixed on the metal framework of the upper cover 105 of the kiln body 1 at about 1/2 by bolts and special connectors. Particularly, the circulation route of the synthetic lubricating oil 307 in the second radiator 7 can be clearly understood through fig. 2, and further, the pipeline connection of the motor 3 in fig. 5 is combined, so that the refrigeration and cooling principle of the second radiator 7 in the embodiment can be intuitively understood. In addition, dry bulb temperature sensors 10 are arranged at the upper, lower, front and rear parts of the side wall of the kiln body; the inspection temperature sensor 11 is installed on the upper cover 105 of the kiln body, and the specific installation position can be understood by referring to fig. 4. In addition, the control cabinet 2 is disposed at a side of the rear wall 104.

Referring to fig. 4, a front view of the second side wall 103 in the present embodiment is shown, wherein the control cabinet 2, the motor 3, the steam generator 4, the heat exchanger 5, the first radiator 6, the second radiator 7, the dry bulb temperature sensor 10, and the inspection temperature sensor 11 are disposed at the installation positions of the second side wall 103 and the upper cover 105 of the kiln body, as shown in the figure. Specifically, an overflow valve 503 and a water injection valve 507 of the water tank 501 are respectively installed at the sides of the tank body of the water tank 501, and a drain valve is installed below the water tank 501; all tank valves are routed to the outside of tank 501 using 304 stainless steel piping. The steam generator 4 is arranged on the outer side of the kiln body 1, and after the temperature of the control system is raised to a preset temperature (when the dry bulb temperature is 60 ℃ or a preset temperature), an internal boiler is started to heat and generate saturated steam, and when a certain steam pressure value is reached, the constant pressure and the heat preservation are realized. The control system continuously operates and heats to a preset temperature (when the dry bulb temperature is 70 ℃ or a preset temperature), a steam protection opening instruction is sent, the alternating current contactor for controlling the steam switch is closed, the electromagnetic valve on the steam outlet pipeline is opened, and then steam is injected into the steam injection hole in the kiln, so that dual functions of heating in the kiln and steam protection are realized.

Referring to fig. 5, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a side wall a-a of a kiln body according to the present embodiment, spatial positions of a motor 3, a second heat sink 7, an electric heater 8, a heat sink 9 inside the kiln, a first side wall 102, a second side wall 103, an upper cover 105, and a bottom frame 106 can be clearly understood through the drawing. The kiln body 1 outside is provided with two motors 3, is responsible for exporting powerful wind-force, takes away the moisture on timber surface, ensures that the colour after timber thermal modification is unanimous, the quality is even. The motor 3 is arranged on a motor support 301 outside the side wall and is connected with an impeller 308 arranged inside the kiln body 1 through a diaphragm coupling 302 and a transmission long shaft 303 in sequence, and the impeller 308 is positioned on one side of a heat absorber 9 in the kiln; a cooling and lubricating device is sleeved outside the transmission long shaft 303; in particular, the impeller 308 is mounted on a fan bracket 310, and a wind collecting ring 309 is coaxially mounted in the kiln; the cooling and lubricating device comprises a shaft sleeve 305 and a cartridge type mechanical seal 306; bearings 304 are installed at two ends of the long transmission shaft 303, a shaft sleeve 305 is installed outside the long transmission shaft 303, and a cartridge type mechanical seal 306 is installed between the shaft sleeve 305 and the long transmission shaft 303; the oil inlet and outlet of the container type mechanical seal 306 of the motor 3, the second radiator 7 and the second mechanical seal oil pump 704 form a closed cycle; synthetic lubricating oil 307 for cartridge type mechanical seal is injected into the shaft sleeve 305 and the radiator 7 through an oil injection tank 705 and air is exhausted; when the control system is started, the motor 3 normally operates, the second mechanical seal oil pump 704 and the second fan 701 synchronously operate, and the synthetic lubricating oil 307 flows back into the shaft sleeve 305 device after being cooled by the second radiator, so that cooling measures for the bearing 304 and the integrated mechanical seal 306 are realized, and long-term non-intermittent and safe operation of the motor 3 is ensured.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, which are schematic front views of the equipment load state, the electric heater 8 and the heat absorber 9 in the kiln of the present embodiment, the number of wheels 13 is not less than 6 and the wheels are mounted below the material cart 12; the timber pile on the timber car is neatly stacked by the parting strips 16, the stacking height of the timber is about 180mm away from the lining plate of the upper cover 105, and the pressing strips are arranged on the uppermost layer of the wood board, so that the purpose of preventing the wood board from deforming when meeting high temperature is achieved. Particularly, a wood pile is arranged right in front of the air channel baffle 107, an inspection temperature sensor 11 is arranged right above the wood pile, and dry bulb temperature sensors 10 are arranged on two sides of the wood pile; the compacting bar can adopt a prefabricated concrete block, a metal block with an inner cavity filled with mortar or other high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal components and the like. In addition, the heat absorber 9 in the kiln is arranged behind the air duct baffle 107 (referring to fig. 5, it can be seen that the heat absorber 9 in the kiln is arranged right in front of the impeller 308), and is composed of a plurality of bimetallic stainless steel aluminum rolled finned tubes, and the finned tubes and the pipelines are internally filled with heat conducting oil with the temperature of 350 ℃. The heat absorber 9 and the first radiator 6 in the kiln are in a serial connection relationship, when the heat conducting oil pump 604 runs, the heat conducting oil forms a closed loop circulation in the heat absorber 9 and the first radiator 6 in the kiln, high-temperature hot oil of the heat absorber 9 in the kiln flows through the first radiator 6 and is forcibly cooled by the first fan 601, and the purpose of reducing the temperature in the kiln is achieved through a heat dissipation-heat absorption-heat dissipation interaction mode through repeated reciprocating circulation. The metal pipe connecting the heat absorber 9 and the first heat radiator 6 in the kiln is made of 304 stainless steel. In addition, the electric heater 8 is disposed behind the air duct baffle 107 (referring to fig. 5, it can be seen that the electric heater 8 is located right in front of the impeller 308), and is composed of a plurality of 304 stainless steel fin-type electric heating tubes, and the power of each electric heating tube is not lower than 8 Kw. When the electric heating tube is installed, the heat dissipation part of the electric heating tube is arranged in the kiln and is supported by a bracket, and the wiring terminal is arranged outside the kiln; the red copper pad is additionally arranged at the mounting position in the kiln, so that the gas overflow at the opening position can be effectively avoided; the wiring terminal part of the electric heating pipe is provided with a special wire casing and a wire casing cover, and the wire casing cover is fastened in time after a power line is connected so as to prevent potential safety hazards caused by the fact that the power line is exposed. The electric heating pipes are optimized and combined to form three groups of heating modes, power lines are led out from wiring terminals of the control cabinet 2, and the on-off time and the times of each group of electric heaters are determined under the instruction of a control system, so that uniform heating and temperature controllability are effectively realized.

Referring to fig. 8, the material car 12 and the kiln outer material car bracket 15 are translated to the front of the kiln door and positioned in an idle state, and the material car 12 can move back and forth between the kiln inner rail 14 and the kiln outer material car bracket 15; the material vehicle 12 is arranged right in front of the air duct baffle 107; the impellers 308 are vertically arranged and are arranged at the side rear part of the air duct baffle 107; the impeller 308 and the motor 3 should be mounted concentrically. The exact positions of the first heat sink 6 and the second heat sink 7 on the kiln body 1 can be compared with the detailed figures 2-6. In addition, the accurate positions of the dry bulb temperature sensor 10 and the inspection temperature sensor 11 on the inner plate of the kiln body can be clearly seen through the figure; wherein, the dry bulb temperature sensor 10 is selected as an armored thermal resistor, the total number of which is 8, and the dry bulb temperature sensors are respectively distributed at the positions of the holes on the side wall, the lower part, the front part and the rear part; the outer protection tube of the armored thermal resistor is arranged in the kiln, the binding post is arranged outside the kiln, and a high-temperature-resistant red copper pad is additionally arranged at the installation position in the kiln and is fastened by a stainless steel nut. The three-core shielding wire of the armored thermal resistor is connected to the temperature control module of the control cabinet 2, and the stable operation of the wood thermal modification processing program is effectively realized under the instruction of the control system. The temperature parameter measured by the dry bulb temperature sensor 10 is an important basis for controlling the operation of the system in this embodiment.

In addition, the inspection temperature sensor 11 is also selected as an armored thermal resistor, 8 test points are arranged, and the test points are all arranged at the position of the opening of the upper cover 105 and are distributed in a cross shape; the outer protection tube of the armored thermal resistor is arranged in the kiln, the binding post is arranged outside the kiln, and a high-temperature-resistant red copper pad is additionally arranged at the installation position in the kiln and is fastened by a stainless steel nut. And the three-core shielding wire of the armored thermal resistor is connected to the temperature polling instrument of the control cabinet 2, communication is established, and the temperature change condition of the material pile is monitored in real time. When the conditions of large temperature fluctuation and local high temperature occur, the control system sends out a high temperature alarm signal and an instruction, and the fire extinguishing device 21 is quickly started. The temperature parameter measured by the patrol inspection temperature sensor 11 is an important basis for controlling the operation of the system in the embodiment.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, which are schematic structural views of the fire extinguishing apparatus 21 and the control cabinet 2, respectively, and specifically referring to fig. 9, the fire extinguishing apparatus21 from three COs₂The gas cylinder 215 is arranged on the bracket 216 and connected in parallel through the gas distribution bag 214; the gas distribution bag 214 is also provided with a pressure gauge 212, and the gas distribution bag 214 is communicated with the inside of the kiln body 1 through a gas pipe 211; the electromagnetic valve 213 is disposed on the air pipe 211. If high-temperature ignition occurs in the operation process of the equipment, the control system sends an alarm signal and gives an action instruction to the electromagnetic valve 213, at the moment, the electromagnetic valve 213 is opened, and CO2 in the gas cylinder is sprayed into the kiln for 10-30 seconds to complete fire extinguishing. The manometer is used for observing the pressure in the gas cylinder, reminds CO2 not enough in time to change the bottle when pressure.

As shown in fig. 10, an industrial control host is installed in the control cabinet 2, and a touch screen 201 and an equipment state display device are arranged outside the industrial control host; a control system is installed in the industrial control host, preferably a PLC control system is adopted, and a signal transmission module, an operation control module, a communication module, an analog input/output module, a temperature control module and an alarm module are integrated; the control cabinet 2 is also provided with an alternating current contactor, a thermal overload relay, an electromagnetic relay, a solid-state relay, a frequency converter, a buzzer and a key switch. The control cabinet 2 is arranged on the bracket 206, and the front surface is provided with a cabinet door 205; the touch screen 201 is a human-computer interaction device, can input instructions and parameters to a control system, and can display processing progress and instrument information in real time, including but not limited to running time, current stage, environment temperature in a kiln, control temperature, target temperature, lubricating oil temperature, heating state, positive and negative rotation of a fan, dry-bulb test point temperature and inspection test point temperature; the equipment state display device is arranged on the surface of the cabinet door 205; the equipment state display device comprises a voltmeter 202, a temperature patrol instrument display 203 and a state indicator lamp 204. The PLC control system carries out actual operation through the touch screen directly over the cabinet door, opens the current timber thermal modification control system through the touch screen on the control cabinet, sets up control program and instrument parameter, and the system start key equipment of point pressing can automatic operation. In addition, the industrial control host is also electrically connected with electric components such as a dry bulb temperature sensor 10, an inspection temperature sensor 11, an electric heater 8, a first radiator 6, a second radiator 7, a motor 3, a steam generator 4, a heat exchanger 5 and the like. In particular, the protection grade of the control cabinet of the embodiment is not lower than IP21, and 1 special bolt for ground protection is provided.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wood thermal modification apparatus, comprising: the system comprises a kiln body (1), a control cabinet (2), a motor (3), a steam generator (4), a heat exchanger (5), a first radiator (6), a second radiator (7), an electric heater (8), an in-kiln heat absorber (9), a dry bulb temperature sensor (10), an inspection temperature sensor (11), a material vehicle (12), wheels (13), an in-kiln track (14), an outside-kiln material vehicle bracket (15), parting strips (16), kiln door hinges (17), a kiln door pressing hand wheel (18), kiln door side locking points (19), kiln door sealing strips (20) and a fire extinguishing device (21);

the kiln body (1) is a non ferrous metal shell structure in a cuboid shape, heat preservation and insulation materials are arranged between the inner lining plate and the outer lining plate, and the kiln body (1) further comprises: the kiln comprises a kiln door (101), a first side wall (102), a second side wall (103), a rear wall (104), an upper cover (105), a bottom frame (106) and an air duct baffle (107); the air duct baffle (107) is of a flat plate structure for guiding air to circulate and trend, is vertically arranged in the kiln body (1), divides the interior of the kiln into a front cavity structure and a rear cavity structure, and the bottom frame (106) is paved with the in-kiln track (14) in a cavity close to the kiln door (101); the electric heater (8) and the heat absorber (9) in the kiln are vertically arranged in parallel in the cavity on the other side of the kiln body (1); the kiln door (101) is rotatably connected with the kiln body (1) through the kiln door hinge (17), the kiln door sealing strip (20) is installed at the edge of the inner side of the kiln door (101), and a plurality of kiln door side locking points (19) are installed on the frame; the side edges of the inlet and the outlet of the kiln body (1) are provided with corresponding kiln door pressing hand wheels (18) which are matched with kiln door side locking points (19) to form a pressing structure;

the control cabinet (2) is positioned outside the kiln body (1), an industrial control host is installed in the control cabinet (2), and a touch screen (201), a buzzer, a key switch and an equipment state display device are arranged outside the control cabinet (2); a control system is installed in the industrial control host, and a signal transmission module, an operation control module, a communication module, an analog input/output module, a temperature control module and an alarm module are integrated; an alternating current contactor, a thermal overload relay, an electromagnetic relay, a solid-state relay and a frequency converter are further arranged in the control cabinet (2);

the kiln comprises a kiln body (1), wherein at least one motor (3) is arranged outside the kiln body (1), the motor (3) is arranged on a motor support (301) outside a side wall and is connected with an impeller (308) arranged inside the kiln body (1) through a diaphragm coupling (302) and a transmission long shaft (303) in sequence, and the impeller (308) is positioned on one side of a heat absorber (9) in the kiln; a cooling and lubricating device is sleeved outside the transmission long shaft (303);

the steam generator (4) is arranged outside the kiln body (1), a steam outlet is communicated to the inside of the kiln body (1) through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the steam outlet;

the heat exchanger (5) is arranged on the side wall outside the kiln body (1) and is connected to the side of the upper cover (105) through a pipeline;

the first radiator (6) and the second radiator (7) are both air-cooled radiators and are arranged on the upper surface of the upper cover (105), wherein the first radiator (6) is connected with the heat absorber (9) in the kiln in series through a pipeline to form a closed circulation system; the heat absorber (9) in the kiln is arranged in the kiln body (1) and is a plurality of bimetallic finned tubes, and the pipelines are connected in series with a heat conduction oil pump (604); heat conducting oil is filled in the bimetal finned tube and the pipeline; the second radiator (7) is connected with the cooling and lubricating device in series;

the electric heater (8) is arranged in the kiln body (1) and is structurally a plurality of fin type electric heating tubes;

the dry-bulb temperature sensors (10) are arranged in a plurality, the measuring ends are positioned in the kiln body (1), and the temperature change conditions of the upper part, the lower part, the front part and the rear part of the timber pile are respectively monitored;

the inspection temperature sensor (11) is provided with a plurality of test points which are all positioned right above the material pile in the kiln and are distributed in a cross shape;

the material vehicle (12) is a rail plate vehicle, and wheels (13) are mounted below the material vehicle; the material trolley (12) can reciprocate along the kiln inner track (14) and the kiln outer material trolley bracket (15); when wood is stacked on the upper surface of the wood vehicle (12), the parting strips (16) are placed to form a layered stacking structure;

the fire extinguishing device (21) is arranged outside the kiln body (1), is communicated with the kiln body (1) through a pipeline, is provided with an electromagnetic valve (213) on the pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve (213) is electrically connected with the industrial personal computer;

the industrial control host is also electrically connected with the dry bulb temperature sensor (10), the inspection temperature sensor (11), the electric heater (8), the first radiator (6), the second radiator (7), the motor (3), the steam generator (4) and the heat exchanger (5);

the impeller (308) is arranged on the fan bracket (310), and a wind collecting ring (309) is coaxially arranged in the kiln; the cooling and lubricating device comprises a shaft sleeve (305) and a cartridge type mechanical seal (306); bearings (304) are installed at two ends of the transmission long shaft (303), the shaft sleeve (305) is installed outside the transmission long shaft, and the cartridge mechanical seal (306) is installed between the shaft sleeve (305) and the transmission long shaft (303); the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the container type mechanical seal (306) form closed-loop circulation with the second radiator (7) and the mechanical seal oil pump (704);

the heat exchanger (5) comprises a water tank (501), a water tank bracket (502), an overflow valve (503), a cooling barrel (504), a steam outlet guide pipe (505), a water outlet guide pipe (506), a water injection valve (507) and an exhaust pipe (508); the steam outlet guide pipe (505) is led out from the side of the upper cover (105) and is connected with the upper end of the cooling barrel (504); the water outlet guide pipe (506) is led out from the lower end of the cooling barrel (504) and is connected with an upper cover of the water tank body (501), the water outlet guide pipe (506) extends into the water tank (501), and a pipe orifice of the water outlet guide pipe is submerged below the water level; the overflow valve (503) and the water injection valve (507) are arranged on the side of the tank body of the water tank (501); the exhaust pipe (508) is arranged on an upper cover of the water tank (501); the water tank (501) is mounted on the water tank bracket (502).

2. The wood thermal modification equipment of claim 1, wherein the kiln door (101), the first side wall (102), the second side wall (103), the rear wall (104), the upper cover (105) and the bottom frame (106) are mainly made of Q235 carbon steel metal framework, the inner lining plate is a 304 stainless steel plate, and the outer lining plate is an aluminum alloy orange-grain embossed corrugated plate; the heat-insulating material is a cold bridge filled with high-temperature-resistant glass wool and aerogel heat-insulating felt; the air duct baffle (107) is composed of a 304 stainless steel metal framework and a 304 stainless steel lining plate.

3. The wood thermal modification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control cabinet (2) is mounted on a first bracket (206) with a cabinet door (205) mounted on a front face; the touch screen (201) is a human-computer interaction device, can input instructions and parameters to the control system, and displays the processing progress and the instrument information in real time, and comprises: running time, current stage, environment temperature in the kiln, control temperature, target temperature, lubricating oil temperature, heating state, positive and negative rotation of a fan, dry ball test point temperature and inspection test point temperature; the equipment state display device is arranged on the surface of the cabinet door (205); the equipment state display device is one or a combination of a voltmeter (202), a temperature polling instrument display (203) and a state indicator lamp (204).

4. The wood thermal modification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first heat sink (6) comprises a first fan (601), a first fan bracket (602), a first heat sink (603), a first oil injection tank (605), a first base (606); the first fan (601) is mounted on the first fan bracket (602); the first cooling fin (603) is arranged right in front of the first fan (601); the first fan bracket (602), the first radiating fin (603), the heat conducting oil pump (604) and the first oil injection tank (605) are all arranged on the first base (606); the first base (606) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper cover (105).

5. The wood thermal modification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second heat sink (7) comprises a second fan (701), a second fan bracket (702), a second heat sink (703), a second oil injection tank (705), a second base (706); the second fan (701) is mounted on the second fan support (702); the second cooling fin (703) is arranged right in front of the second fan bracket (702); the second fan bracket (702), the second radiating fin (703) and the second oil injection tank (705) are all arranged on the second base (706); the second base (706) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper cover (105).

6. The wood thermal modification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electric heater (8) is formed of a plurality of 304 stainless steel finned electric heating tubes installed at the opening of the rear wall (104); the heat dissipation part of the electric heating pipe is arranged in the kiln, the binding post is arranged outside the kiln, a high-temperature-resistant red copper pad is additionally arranged at the installation position in the kiln, and a flat pad, a spring pad and a nut are arranged outside the kiln to fasten the electric heating pipe on the rear wall (104); the heat radiating part of the electric heating pipe is supported by a bracket; and a wiring groove cover are arranged at the wiring terminal of the electric heating pipe.

7. The wood thermal modification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dry bulb temperature sensor (10) is an armored thermal resistor installed at a position of the opening of the side wall; the outer protection tube of the armored thermal resistor is arranged in the kiln, the binding post is arranged outside the kiln, and a high-temperature-resistant red copper pad is additionally arranged at the installation position in the kiln and is fastened by a stainless steel nut.

8. The wood thermal modification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inspection temperature sensor (11) is a sheathed thermal resistor installed at an opening position of the upper cover (105); the outer protection tube of the armored thermal resistor is arranged in the kiln, the binding post is arranged outside the kiln, and a high-temperature-resistant red copper pad is additionally arranged at the installation position in the kiln and is fastened by a stainless steel nut; the fire extinguishing device (21) is composed of at least two COs₂The gas cylinders (215) are arranged on the second bracket (216) and are connected in parallel through the gas distribution bag (214); the gas distribution bag (214) is also provided with a pressure gauge (212), and the gas distribution bag (214) is communicated with the gas through gas transmissionThe tube (211) is communicated with the inside of the kiln body (1); the electromagnetic valve (213) is arranged on the air conveying pipe (211).