CN112157570B - Longitudinal telescopic polishing tool - Google Patents

Longitudinal telescopic polishing tool Download PDF

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CN112157570B
CN112157570B CN202011039878.8A CN202011039878A CN112157570B CN 112157570 B CN112157570 B CN 112157570B CN 202011039878 A CN202011039878 A CN 202011039878A CN 112157570 B CN112157570 B CN 112157570B
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connecting plate
lower connecting
arm
plate
upper connecting
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CN112157570A (en
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饶志敏
刘海涛
万勇建
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Institute of Optics and Electronics of CAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
    • B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
    • B24B29/04—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for rotationally symmetrical workpieces, e.g. ball-, cylinder- or cone-shaped workpieces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种纵向伸缩抛光工具，包括：抛光盘，销钉球头连接件，连接盖板，下连接板，下连接螺栓，下锁紧螺母，下连接臂，连接螺栓，锁紧螺母，上连接臂，上连接螺栓，上锁紧螺母以及上连接板等。上下两块连接板通过按轴对称等分的三副上下连接臂及其连接螺栓实现连接，利用所述零件之间的连接转动副实现上下两块连接板的纵向伸缩运动，具有伸缩幅度大，承受负载大以及结构刚性高的显著优点，适合于连接大重量的大尺寸抛光盘。

Figure 202011039878

The invention proposes a longitudinally telescopic polishing tool, comprising: a polishing disc, a pin ball joint, a connecting cover plate, a lower connecting plate, a lower connecting bolt, a lower locking nut, a lower connecting arm, a connecting bolt, a locking nut, an upper Connecting arm, upper connecting bolt, upper lock nut and upper connecting plate etc. The upper and lower connecting plates are connected through three sets of upper and lower connecting arms and their connecting bolts divided into two parts according to the axis symmetry, and the longitudinal telescopic movement of the upper and lower connecting plates is realized by using the connecting rotation pair between the parts, which has a large expansion and contraction range, With the obvious advantages of large load bearing and high structural rigidity, it is suitable for connecting large-size polishing discs with heavy weight.

Figure 202011039878

Description

一种纵向伸缩抛光工具A longitudinally telescopic polishing tool

技术领域technical field

本发明属于大口径光学加工领域，具体涉及一种纵向伸缩抛光工具，其为用于一米级及以上口径光学零件表面抛光的抛光工具。The invention belongs to the field of large-diameter optical processing, and in particular relates to a longitudinally stretchable polishing tool, which is a polishing tool for surface polishing of optical parts with a diameter of one meter or more.

背景技术Background technique

目前，大口径光学系统的应用越来越广泛，其中国内设计的光学系统的主镜口径已经达到四米。口径超过一米的大口径光学零件的加工耗时都会较长。为了提高大口径光学零件加工的效率，针对这类光学零件所使用的研磨或抛光工具的尺寸和重量均会比较大。尤其是使用依靠自身重量施加压力的抛光工具加工时，对抛光工具自身在几个方面的有较高的要求，第一是要求抛光工具具有一定范围的纵向浮动距离来满足工具的施压过程的安全性和对加工表面的适应性的要求，第二是要求抛光工具具有很高的承载抛光盘重量的能力，第三是要求抛光工具具有很高的结构刚性，避免抛光盘在镜面上转动加工时由于摩擦力过大导致抛光工具结构变形，第四是要求抛光工具纵向伸缩时摩擦小，避免因为结构特性而发生因摩擦力大造成卡滞的现象。为此，设计一种可以满足以上要求且结构简洁紧凑的可伸缩抛光工具，对采用自重式抛光工具加工大口径光学零件将非常有意义。At present, the application of large-aperture optical systems is becoming more and more extensive. Among them, the diameter of the primary mirror of the domestically designed optical system has reached four meters. The processing of large-diameter optical parts with a diameter of more than one meter will take a long time. In order to improve the efficiency of processing large-diameter optical parts, the size and weight of grinding or polishing tools used for such optical parts will be relatively large. Especially when using a polishing tool that relies on its own weight to apply pressure, there are higher requirements for the polishing tool itself in several aspects. The first is that the polishing tool is required to have a certain range of longitudinal floating distance to meet the pressure of the tool. The requirements for safety and adaptability to the processed surface, the second is that the polishing tool is required to have a high ability to carry the weight of the polishing disc, and the third is that the polishing tool is required to have a high structural rigidity to prevent the polishing disc from rotating on the mirror surface. At the same time, the structure of the polishing tool is deformed due to excessive friction. The fourth is that the friction of the polishing tool is required to be small when the polishing tool is stretched longitudinally, so as to avoid the phenomenon of stagnation caused by high friction due to structural characteristics. Therefore, designing a retractable polishing tool that can meet the above requirements and has a simple and compact structure will be very meaningful for processing large-diameter optical parts with self-weight polishing tools.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明为解决大口径光学零件加工中采用的大尺寸重型抛光工具所需的纵向伸缩距离范围大、结构刚性高、承载能力强以及伸缩过程摩擦力小的需求，提出一种满足上述要求且结构简洁紧凑的可伸缩抛光工具。In order to solve the needs of the large-size heavy-duty polishing tool used in the processing of large-caliber optical parts, which require a large range of longitudinal telescopic distance, high structural rigidity, strong bearing capacity, and small friction during the telescopic process, the invention proposes a structure that meets the above requirements. Simple and compact retractable polishing tool.

本发明为解决上述问题采取的技术方案是：一种纵向伸缩抛光工具，该抛光工具包括：抛光盘，销钉球头连接件，连接盖板，下连接板，下连接螺栓，下锁紧螺母，下连接臂，连接螺栓，锁紧螺母，上连接臂，上连接螺栓，上锁紧螺母以及上连接板，其中：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a longitudinally telescopic polishing tool, which includes: a polishing disc, a pin ball joint, a connecting cover plate, a lower connecting plate, a lower connecting bolt, a lower locking nut, Lower connecting arm, connecting bolt, lock nut, upper connecting arm, upper connecting bolt, upper locking nut and upper connecting plate, wherein:

上连接板通过上连接螺栓和上锁紧螺母来连接上连接臂；下连接板通过下连接螺栓和下连接螺母来连接下连接臂；下连接臂和上连接臂通过连接螺栓和锁紧螺母实现连接固定；上连接板和下连接板使用120度等分的三副连接臂机构完成连接，利用以上涉及零件之间连接螺钉的转动副实现上连接板和下连接板的大幅度纵向伸缩运动；The upper connecting plate is connected to the upper connecting arm through the upper connecting bolt and the upper locking nut; the lower connecting plate is connected to the lower connecting arm through the lower connecting bolt and the lower connecting nut; the lower connecting arm and the upper connecting arm are realized through connecting bolts and locking nuts The connection is fixed; the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected by three pairs of connecting arm mechanisms divided into 120 degrees, and the large-scale longitudinal telescopic movement of the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate is realized by using the above-mentioned rotating pair involving connecting screws between parts;

下连接板通过销钉球头连接件和连接盖板和抛光盘完成连接；上连接板通过预留螺纹接口与转动主轴连接，传递回转运动。The lower connecting plate is connected with the connecting cover plate and the polishing disc through the pin ball joint; the upper connecting plate is connected with the rotating spindle through the reserved threaded interface to transmit the rotary motion.

本发明原理：本发明主要由上下连接板和连接臂构成的纵向伸缩机构和下连接板上连接的抛光盘两部分构成，具体包括：抛光盘、销钉球头连接件、连接盖板、下连接板、下连接螺栓、下锁紧螺母、下连接臂、连接螺栓、锁紧螺母、上连接臂、上连接螺栓、上锁紧螺母以及上连接板等。上连接板和下连接板使用120度等分的三副连接臂机构完成连接。单副连接臂机构的连接形式为：上连接板通过上连接螺栓和上锁紧螺母来连接上连接臂；下连接板通过下连接螺栓和下连接螺母来连接下连接臂；下连接臂和上连接臂通过连接螺栓和锁紧螺母实现连接固定。在下连接板上通过螺钉连接销钉球头连接件，再与抛光盘连接，连接盖板通过螺钉固定在抛光盘上防止抛光盘从销钉球头连接上脱落。上连接板上预留有螺纹接口，用于与传动主轴连接，驱动抛光盘转动。The principle of the present invention: the present invention is mainly composed of two parts: a longitudinal telescopic mechanism composed of an upper and lower connecting plate and a connecting arm, and a polishing disc connected to the lower connecting plate, specifically including: a polishing disc, a pin ball joint, a connecting cover plate, and a lower connecting plate. plate, lower connecting bolt, lower locking nut, lower connecting arm, connecting bolt, locking nut, upper connecting arm, upper connecting bolt, upper locking nut and upper connecting plate, etc. The upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected by three pairs of connecting arm mechanisms equally divided by 120 degrees. The connection form of the single connecting arm mechanism is as follows: the upper connecting plate connects the upper connecting arm through the upper connecting bolt and the upper locking nut; the lower connecting plate connects the lower connecting arm through the lower connecting bolt and the lower connecting nut; the lower connecting arm and the upper The connecting arm is connected and fixed by connecting bolts and lock nuts. The pin ball joint is connected to the lower connecting plate by screws, and then connected to the polishing disk, and the connecting cover plate is fixed on the polishing disk by screws to prevent the polishing disk from falling off from the pin ball connection. A threaded interface is reserved on the upper connecting plate for connecting with the transmission spindle to drive the polishing disc to rotate.

本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用三等分的连接臂将上下连接板连接起来，结构简洁紧凑，有利于保证结构的可靠性和稳定性；采用该结构形式，有利于增加上下连接板之间的轴向伸缩距离范围，有利于增加承受抛光盘重量的承载能力，有利于增加抛光工具整体结构的刚性，有利于减小伸缩活动运动副的摩擦，有利于增强抛光过程的安全性和受力稳定性。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adopts the connecting arm divided into three equal parts to connect the upper and lower connecting plates, the structure is simple and compact, which is beneficial to ensure the reliability and stability of the structure; The range of axial telescopic distance between them is beneficial to increase the bearing capacity of the polishing disc, to increase the rigidity of the overall structure of the polishing tool, to reduce the friction of the telescopic movable pair, and to enhance the safety and reliability of the polishing process. force stability.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一种纵向伸缩抛光工具的整体结构的正视图(含局部剖视图)；Fig. 1 is a front view (including a partial sectional view) of the overall structure of a longitudinally telescopic polishing tool of the present invention;

图2是本发明一种纵向伸缩抛光工具的整体结构的斜视图；Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the overall structure of a longitudinally telescopic polishing tool of the present invention;

图3是本发明一种纵向伸缩抛光工具的左视图；Fig. 3 is a left side view of a longitudinally telescopic polishing tool of the present invention;

图4是本发明一种纵向伸缩抛光工具的俯视图。Fig. 4 is a top view of a longitudinally retractable polishing tool of the present invention.

图中附图标记含义为：1为抛光盘，2为销钉球头连接件，3为连接盖板，4为下连接板，5为下连接螺栓，6为下锁紧螺母，7为下连接臂，8为连接螺栓，9为锁紧螺母，10为上连接臂，11为上连接螺栓，12为上锁紧螺母，13为上连接板。The meanings of the reference signs in the figure are: 1 is the polishing disc, 2 is the pin ball joint, 3 is the connecting cover plate, 4 is the lower connecting plate, 5 is the lower connecting bolt, 6 is the lower locking nut, and 7 is the lower connection Arm, 8 is connecting bolt, and 9 is lock nut, and 10 is upper connecting arm, and 11 is upper connecting bolt, and 12 is upper locking nut, and 13 is upper connecting plate.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图以及具体实施方式进一步说明本发明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

结合图1-图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式涉及一种纵向伸缩抛光工具，上下连接板分别和上下连接臂连接构成的纵向伸缩机构，下连接板与抛光盘连接，上连接板与驱动主轴连接，本发明具体包括：抛光盘1，销钉球头连接件2，连接盖板3，下连接板4，下连接螺栓5，下锁紧螺母6，下连接臂7，连接螺栓8，锁紧螺母9，上连接臂10，上连接螺栓11，上锁紧螺母12以及上连接板13。上连接板13和下连接板4使用120度等分的三副连接臂机构完成连接。单副连接臂机构的连接形式为：上连接板13通过上连接螺栓11和上锁紧螺母12来连接上连接臂10；下连接板4通过下连接螺栓5和下连接螺母6来连接下连接臂7；下连接臂7和上连接臂10通过连接螺栓8和锁紧螺母9实现连接固定；在下连接板4上通过螺钉连接销钉球头连接件2，再与抛光盘1连接，连接盖板3通过螺钉固定在抛光盘1上防止抛光盘1从销钉球头连接2上脱落。上连接板13上预留有螺纹接口，用于连接传动主轴。This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-3 . This embodiment relates to a longitudinally telescopic polishing tool. The upper and lower connecting plates are respectively connected to the upper and lower connecting arms to form a longitudinal telescopic mechanism. The lower connecting plate is connected to the polishing disc, and the upper connecting plate is connected to the drive Main shaft connection, the present invention specifically includes: polishing disc 1, pin ball head connector 2, connecting cover plate 3, lower connecting plate 4, lower connecting bolt 5, lower locking nut 6, lower connecting arm 7, connecting bolt 8, lock Clamp nut 9 , upper connecting arm 10 , upper connecting bolt 11 , upper locking nut 12 and upper connecting plate 13 . The upper connecting plate 13 and the lower connecting plate 4 are connected by using three pairs of connecting arm mechanisms equally divided by 120 degrees. The connection form of the single connecting arm mechanism is: the upper connecting plate 13 is connected to the upper connecting arm 10 through the upper connecting bolt 11 and the upper lock nut 12; the lower connecting plate 4 is connected to the lower connecting arm 10 through the lower connecting bolt 5 and the lower connecting nut 6; Arm 7; the lower connecting arm 7 and the upper connecting arm 10 are connected and fixed by connecting bolts 8 and lock nuts 9; the lower connecting plate 4 is connected with the pin ball joint 2 by screws, and then connected with the polishing disc 1 to connect the cover plate 3 is fixed on the polishing disk 1 by screws to prevent the polishing disk 1 from falling off from the pin ball joint 2. A threaded interface is reserved on the upper connecting plate 13 for connecting the transmission main shaft.

本实施方式的技术效果是：上连接板和下连接板通过120度等分的三副连接臂机构连接，整体结构刚性高，可承受加工过程中的高剪切力矩；单副连接臂机构由上连接臂、下连接臂、连接螺栓和连接螺栓组成，连接螺栓提供了圆柱转动副，使上连接板和下连接板之间的伸缩距离范围大，并且伸缩过程由圆柱转动副完成使得摩擦小，上下连接板之间的纵向伸缩灵活，并且具有很高的纵向承载能力。The technical effect of this embodiment is: the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected by three pairs of connecting arm mechanisms equally divided by 120 degrees, the overall structure has high rigidity, and can withstand high shear moment during processing; the single pair of connecting arm mechanism consists of The upper connecting arm, the lower connecting arm, the connecting bolt and the connecting bolt are composed. The connecting bolt provides a cylindrical rotating pair, so that the expansion and contraction distance range between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate is large, and the expansion and contraction process is completed by the cylindrical rotating pair so that the friction is small. , the longitudinal expansion and contraction between the upper and lower connecting plates is flexible, and it has a high longitudinal bearing capacity.

本发明工作原理：设计的结构可实现大幅度纵向伸缩，下连接板通过销钉球头连接件转接抛光盘，上连接上预设螺纹接口与传动主轴连接并驱动整体转动。本发明的工作原理为：上连接板和下连接板通过轴对称等分的三副连接臂机构连接。上下连接臂通过连接螺栓及锁紧螺母分别于上下连接板连接，连接螺栓设计有转动副，上下连接臂可以绕上下连接板上的连接螺栓发生转动。上下连接臂两者通过连接螺栓和锁紧螺母连接，连接螺栓设计有转动副，上下连接臂可以绕连接螺栓发生转动。上下连接板通过所述的上下连接臂及其与之连接的三处转动副来实现大幅度的纵向伸缩运动。The working principle of the present invention: the designed structure can realize large-scale longitudinal expansion and contraction, the lower connecting plate is transferred to the polishing disc through the pin ball joint, and the upper connecting upper preset thread interface is connected with the transmission spindle and drives the overall rotation. The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected by three pairs of connecting arm mechanisms which are symmetrically and equally divided. The upper and lower connecting arms are respectively connected to the upper and lower connecting plates through connecting bolts and lock nuts. The connecting bolts are designed with rotating pairs, and the upper and lower connecting arms can rotate around the connecting bolts on the upper and lower connecting plates. The upper and lower connecting arms are connected by connecting bolts and lock nuts, and the connecting bolts are designed with rotating pairs, and the upper and lower connecting arms can rotate around the connecting bolts. The upper and lower connecting plates realize large-scale longitudinal telescopic movement through the upper and lower connecting arms and the three rotating pairs connected thereto.

Claims (1)

1. A longitudinally telescoping burnishing tool, characterized in that: the problem of the required vertical flexible distance scope of the heavy burnishing tool of the jumbo size that adopts in the processing of heavy-duty optical parts is big, structural rigidity is high, bearing capacity is strong and the demand that flexible process frictional force is little is solved, this burnishing tool includes: polishing dish (1), pin bulb connecting piece (2), connection cover plate (3), lower connecting plate (4), connecting bolt (5) down, lock nut (6) down, lower linking arm (7), connecting bolt (8), lock nut (9), go up linking arm (10), go up connecting bolt (11), go up lock nut (12) and upper junction plate (13), wherein:
the upper connecting plate (13) is connected with the upper connecting arm (10) through an upper connecting bolt (11) and an upper locking nut (12); the lower connecting plate (4) is connected with a lower connecting arm (7) through a lower connecting bolt (5) and a lower connecting nut (6); the lower connecting arm (7) and the upper connecting arm (10) are connected and fixed through a connecting bolt (8) and a locking nut (9); the upper connecting plate (13) and the lower connecting plate (4) are connected by three connecting arm mechanisms which are equally divided by 120 degrees, and the large-amplitude longitudinal telescopic motion of the upper connecting plate (13) and the lower connecting plate (4) is realized by utilizing the revolute pairs of the connecting screws among the parts;
the lower connecting plate (4) is connected with the polishing disc (1) through a pin ball head connecting piece (2), a connecting cover plate (3) and the polishing disc; the upper connecting plate (13) is connected with the rotating main shaft through a reserved threaded interface to transfer rotary motion;
the upper connecting plate (13) and the lower connecting plate (4) are connected through three connecting arm mechanisms which are equally divided by 120 degrees, the rigidity of the whole structure is high, and high shear moment in the machining process can be borne; the single-pair connecting arm mechanism consists of an upper connecting arm (10), a lower connecting arm (7), a connecting bolt (8) and a locking nut (9), the connecting bolt (8) provides a cylindrical rotating pair, so that the telescopic distance range between the upper connecting plate (10) and the lower connecting plate (7) is large, the telescopic process is completed by the cylindrical rotating pair, the friction is small, the longitudinal telescopic between the upper connecting plate (13) and the lower connecting plate (4) is flexible, and the single-pair connecting arm mechanism has high longitudinal bearing capacity;
the longitudinal telescopic polishing tool can realize large-amplitude longitudinal telescopic, the lower connecting plate is connected with the polishing disc through the pin and ball head connecting piece, and the upper connecting plate is connected with the preset threaded interface and connected with the transmission main shaft and drives the whole body to rotate; the working mode of the longitudinal telescopic polishing tool is as follows: the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected through three pairs of connecting arm mechanisms which are axially symmetrically equally divided; the upper connecting arm and the lower connecting arm are respectively connected with the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate through connecting bolts and locking nuts, the connecting bolts are provided with rotating pairs, and the upper connecting arm and the lower connecting arm can rotate around the connecting bolts on the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate; the upper connecting arm and the lower connecting arm are connected through a connecting bolt and a locking nut, a rotating pair is designed on the connecting bolt, and the upper connecting arm and the lower connecting arm can rotate around the connecting bolt; the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate realize large-amplitude longitudinal telescopic motion through the upper connecting arm and the lower connecting arm and three revolute pairs connected with the upper connecting arm and the lower connecting arm;
the longitudinal telescopic polishing tool adopts trisected connecting arms to connect the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, has a simple and compact structure and is beneficial to ensuring the reliability and the stability of the structure; by adopting the structure, the axial telescopic distance range between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate is favorably increased, the bearing capacity for bearing the weight of the polishing disc is favorably increased, the rigidity of the whole structure of the polishing tool is favorably increased, the friction of a telescopic movable kinematic pair is favorably reduced, and the safety and the stress stability of the polishing process are favorably enhanced.
CN202011039878.8A 2020-09-28 2020-09-28 Longitudinal telescopic polishing tool Active CN112157570B (en)

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