CN112157262A

CN112157262A - 3D printing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN112157262A
Application number: CN202011077937.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩品连
Original assignee: Zhejiang Yidong Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Yidong Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-10
Filing date: 2020-10-10
Publication date: 2021-01-01

Abstract

The invention discloses 3D printing equipment, which comprises a rack, wherein the middle part of the rack is provided with a printing base station movable cavity in which a printing base station can move, an operation space is arranged above the printing base station movable cavity, the bottom of the operation space is an operation table, the middle part of the operation table is provided with a gap in the same extending direction as the printing base station, the left side and the right side of the gap of the operation table are respectively provided with a seam clamping piece, and the two seam clamping pieces form a seam in the same extending direction as the printing base station. The forming of the workpiece is from inside to outside, each layer is on the same radius, laser scanning is selectively carried out only in the axial direction, the workpiece is printed with a line at the same radius and then rotated by an angle corresponding to the line width, the workpiece is sunk to be a slice thickness after the printing of the whole circle at the same radius is finished, the process is continuously repeated, and the manufacturing of the whole workpiece is finished; and can accomplish the printing of a plurality of parts on single printing base station, make coaxial part integrated into one piece, work efficiency is high.

Description

3D printing equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of SLM (Selective laser melting) equipment, in particular to 3D printing equipment.

Background

The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is used for rapidly melting preset paved layer by layer of metal powder by using a precise focusing light spot, and functional parts with any shapes and complete metallurgical bonding can be almost directly obtained. The compactness can reach nearly 100 percent, is a rapid forming technology with great development prospect, and particularly has very important application prospect in the fields of aerospace, medical treatment, automobiles, molds and the like.

The Chinese patent No. CN201720583224.9 provides a quick leveling device for a base platform of SLM equipment, wherein a base shaft can move up and down, but the processing technology adopts the step-by-step printing from top to bottom, but most of the current SLM manufacturing of rotating parts grows along the axial direction and is limited by the diameter size. Even more disadvantageously, the geometric variations of these components in the axial direction add substantial support requirements. The working state of the rotating part and the loading condition of the structure are required to meet the requirement of axial symmetry on radial equal diameter according to the characteristic of axial symmetry, including the manufacturing process.

For rotating machinery such as an aircraft engine and the like, a plurality of key parts are in an axisymmetric shape, in particular to impeller machinery. Most rotating parts are currently manufactured with SLMs that are grown axially, limited by the diameter size. Even more disadvantageously, the geometric variations of these components in the axial direction add substantial support requirements. The working state of the rotating part and the loading condition of the structure are required to meet the requirement of axial symmetry on radial equal diameter according to the characteristic of axial symmetry, including manufacturing process and the like.

However, the current 3D printing apparatus has the following problems:

1. the printing base can only move up and down generally, and can print layer by layer, and certain rotating parts are difficult to meet the requirement of axial symmetry during processing, so that processed products are unqualified;

2. the printing of a plurality of parts can not be finished on a single printing base station, and the working efficiency is low;

3. lack the drive arrangement who is fit for the degree of freedom printing base station, current drive arrangement only is applicable to the platform type and prints the base station, can't satisfy some rectangular form (or long form) and print the printing demand of base station.

Based on the above situation, the invention provides a 3D printing device, which can effectively solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a 3D printing device. The 3D printing equipment disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to use, on the basis of the existing mature SLM principle, a long-strip-shaped (or called long-shaped base shaft) printing base station is adopted, the workpiece is formed from inside to outside, each layer is on the same radius, laser scanning is selectively carried out only in the axial direction, the workpiece rotates by an angle corresponding to the line width after printing a line at the same radius, a slice thickness is sunk after the whole circle printing at the same radius is finished, the process is continuously repeated, and the whole workpiece is manufactured; the printing of a plurality of parts can be completed on a single printing base station, so that the coaxial parts are integrally formed; multiple lasers can also be used to control multiple regions to operate together/partially (or even separately) to improve operating efficiency.

The driving device adopts the ingenious combination of the rotary driving mechanism and the lifting driving mechanism, not only can move up and down, but also can rotate, thereby well meeting the requirements of processing symmetry and the like of some rotating parts and ensuring the quality of processed products; and is suitable for the printing requirement of the long strip (or long strip) printing base station.

According to the rotary driving mechanism, the support plate, the two-way screw rod, the knob, the cross rod, the vertical plate, the connecting rod and the arc-shaped plate are arranged, so that a long-strip-shaped (or called long-shaped) printing base station can be conveniently and quickly fixed on the second disc, and the support plate, the rotating rod, the first disc, the driven gear, the servo motor, the driving gear and the stand column are arranged to drive the second disc to rotate, so that the printing base station can rotate, the requirements of processing symmetry and the like of some rotating parts are well met, and the quality of processed products is guaranteed; and is suitable for the printing requirement of the long strip (or long strip) printing base station.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

A3D printing device comprises a frame,

the middle part of the rack is provided with a printing base platform movable cavity for the printing base platform to move in, an operation space is arranged above the printing base platform movable cavity, the bottom of the operation space is an operation platform, the middle part of the operation platform is provided with a gap in the same direction as the extending direction of the printing base platform, the left side and the right side of the gap of the operation platform are respectively provided with a seam clamping piece, and the two seam clamping pieces form a seam in the same direction as the extending direction of the printing base platform;

a plurality of lasers are arranged right above the crack, and a printing base station is arranged in the movable cavity of the printing base station and is positioned right below the crack;

the two ends of the printing base platform are respectively connected with two driving devices which work synchronously, and each driving device comprises a rotary driving mechanism and a lifting driving mechanism;

the operation panel is provided with a plurality of powder paving devices, and the powder paving roller of each powder paving device is positioned on one side above the crack.

Preferably, the printing base platform comprises a base platform connecting part and a base platform body; the base station connecting part plays a role in connection and fixation; the base station body extends in a long strip shape, and the circumferential surface of the base station body in the extending direction is a printing support surface;

the rotary driving mechanism is connected with the base station connecting part and is used for driving the printing base station to rotate;

the upper part of the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the rotary driving mechanism, and the lifting direction of the lifting driving mechanism is mutually vertical to the axial direction of a rotating rod of the rotary driving mechanism;

the rotary driving mechanism comprises a bottom plate, supporting legs are fixed at four corners of the top of the bottom plate, a supporting plate is arranged above the bottom plate, the tops of the supporting legs are fixedly connected with the bottom of the supporting plate, the top of the bottom plate is rotatably connected with a rotating rod through a bearing, the top end of the rotating rod penetrates through the top of the supporting plate and is fixedly provided with a first disc, the top end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the supporting plate through a bearing, a driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating rod, a servo motor is fixed at the top of the bottom plate, a driving gear is fixed on an output shaft of the servo motor and is meshed with the driving gear, four stand columns are symmetrically fixed at the top of the first disc, a second disc is arranged above the first disc, the tops of the stand columns are fixedly connected with the bottom of the second disc, and support plates are symmetrically fixed at the top of the first disc, the top of first disc is provided with two-way lead screw, the both ends of two-way lead screw all rotate with a lateral wall of adjacent mounting panel respectively through the bearing and are connected, the one end of two-way lead screw runs through a lateral wall of adjacent mounting panel and is fixed with the knob, the below of two-way lead screw is provided with the horizontal pole, the both ends of horizontal pole respectively with a lateral wall fixed connection of adjacent mounting panel, the both ends lateral wall of two-way lead screw all has the riser through threaded connection, the equal sliding connection of riser is on the surface of horizontal pole, the bar opening has been seted up at the top of second disc, the bar opening all runs through on the top of riser, a lateral wall of riser all is fixed with the connecting rod, the one end of connecting rod all is fixed with.

The 3D printing equipment disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to use, on the basis of the existing mature SLM principle, a long-strip-shaped (or called long-shaped base shaft) printing base station is adopted, the workpiece is formed from inside to outside, each layer is on the same radius, laser scanning is selectively carried out only in the axial direction, the workpiece rotates by an angle corresponding to the line width after printing a line at the same radius, a slice thickness is sunk after the whole circle printing at the same radius is finished, the process is continuously repeated, and the whole workpiece is manufactured; the printing of a plurality of parts can be completed on a single printing base station, so that the coaxial parts are integrally formed; multiple lasers can also be used to control multiple regions to operate together/partially (or even separately) to improve operating efficiency.

Preferably, the extending direction of the printing base (2) and the extending direction of the powder spreading roller (801) are parallel to each other.

Preferably, the lifting driving mechanism comprises an L-shaped fixing plate, a hydraulic rod and a hydraulic cylinder which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

the horizontal part of the L-shaped fixing plate is connected with the upper end of the hydraulic rod, the vertical part of the L-shaped fixing plate is connected with the bottom plate of the rotary driving mechanism, and the extension direction of the arc-shaped plate is perpendicular to that of the hydraulic rod.

The 3D printing equipment disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to use, and the driving device adopts the ingenious combination of the rotary driving mechanism and the lifting driving mechanism, so that the driving device not only can move up and down, but also can rotate, the requirements of processing symmetry and the like of some rotating parts are well met, and the quality of processed products is ensured; and is suitable for the printing requirement of the long strip (or long strip) printing base station.

Preferably, the base body extends in a long shape, and a cross section (profile) at any position in an extending direction thereof is circular.

Preferably, the base body extends in a cylindrical shape.

Preferably, the base connecting part is in the shape of a cylinder.

Preferably, four sliding blocks are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the first disc, an annular sliding groove is formed in the top of the supporting plate, and the four sliding blocks are connected in the annular sliding groove in a sliding mode.

Preferably, the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are opposite in thread direction, two threaded holes corresponding to threads at two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are formed in one side wall of each vertical plate respectively, two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are connected with the threaded holes of the corresponding vertical plates respectively in a threaded mode, sliding holes are formed in one side wall of each vertical plate, and the cross rod penetrates through the sliding holes.

Preferably, the surface of the knob is provided with anti-skid lines.

Preferably, the surfaces of the arc-shaped plates, which are far away from the connecting rod, are fixed with anti-skidding rubber pads.

Preferably, the powder spreading device is connected with a metal powder processing system for the 3D printing equipment, the metal powder processing system for the 3D printing equipment comprises a powder cylinder and a powder feeding device, and the powder cylinder, the powder feeding device and the powder spreading device are sequentially communicated through a powder feeding pipe;

the powder cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston, a felt, a spring plunger, a cover plate and a sealing ring, the piston is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the cylinder body, the cover plate is fixedly connected with the top of the piston, the felt is located between the piston and the cover plate and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body, the sealing ring is arranged at the bottom of the piston and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body, a plurality of rotating assemblies are arranged at the bottom of the piston and are sequentially in transmission connection, adjusting assemblies are in threaded connection with the rotating assemblies, and the adjusting assemblies are sequentially and tightly attached to each other;

the powder feeding device comprises a temporary storage box and a controller, wherein the temporary storage box is respectively provided with a feeding pipe and a discharging pipe, and the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe are respectively connected with a powder storage device and a powder using device; the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe are respectively provided with a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, and the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are both opened towards the powder output end; a sliding piston is also arranged in the temporary storage box in a sliding manner, the back of the sliding piston is connected with a telescopic motor for driving the sliding piston to move, and the telescopic motor is connected with a controller; the temporary storage box is also provided with a displacement sensor for detecting the position of the sliding piston, and the displacement sensor is connected with the controller.

The metal powder processing system for the 3D printing equipment is simple in structure and convenient to use, can stably and quantitatively convey (metal) powder in the powder cylinder to the powder paving device through the powder conveying device, and paves the powder stably and efficiently through the powder paving device, so that automatic feeding and accurate feeding are realized; the printing forming efficiency of the 3D printing equipment and the quality of printed finished products are improved.

The powder cylinder solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the operation steps for micro-adjustment of the sealing ring are very complicated, and the consistency of the sealing performance of the periphery of the micro-adjusted sealing ring cannot be effectively ensured.

The powder feeding device can quantitatively feed powder according to the requirement, so that the powder feeding precision is improved, the waste is avoided, and the printing quality is improved.

Preferably, the top of piston all is provided with the step all around, the quantity of spring plunger is a plurality of, a plurality of spring plunger is annular array and arranges and with step threaded connection.

Preferably, the number of the plurality of rotating assemblies is four, and the four rotating assemblies and the four adjusting assemblies are arranged in an annular array.

Preferably, the rotating assembly comprises a fixed block, the top of the fixed block is fixedly connected with the bottom of the piston, the side wall of the fixed block is penetrated and rotatably provided with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a baffle, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a bevel gear, and the outer surface of the connecting rod is fixedly provided with a rotating handle.

Preferably, the adjusting part comprises a rectangular plate, the two sides of the rectangular plate are fixedly provided with telescopic rods, the two sides of the rectangular plate are fixedly provided with trapezoidal plates and two movable ends of the telescopic rods, and the outer surfaces of the telescopic rods are sleeved with telescopic springs.

Preferably, one side of the rectangular plate is provided with a thread groove, the other side of the rectangular plate is provided with an annular groove, and the thread groove is correspondingly communicated with the annular groove.

Preferably, the sliding piston comprises a metal valve core and a rubber sealing sleeve, the metal valve core is wrapped by the rubber sealing sleeve, the rear end face of the metal valve core is connected with a telescopic rod through a connecting sleeve thread, and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected with a telescopic motor through a connector.

Preferably, the outer surface of the rubber sealing sleeve is also provided with a plurality of sealing grooves.

Preferably, the tail end of the temporary storage box is also provided with a travel switch connected with the controller.

Preferably, the temporary storage box is further provided with an observation window for observing the condition in the box.

Preferably, the controller adopts a PLC controller;

preferably, inlet pipe and discharging pipe all set up in the terminal surface of temporary storage case.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

In addition to this, the present invention is,

1. the metal powder processing system for the 3D printing equipment is simple in structure and convenient to use, can stably and quantitatively convey (metal) powder in the powder cylinder to the powder paving device through the powder conveying device, and paves the powder stably and efficiently through the powder paving device, so that automatic feeding and accurate feeding are realized; the printing forming efficiency of the 3D printing equipment and the quality of printed finished products are improved.

Compared with the prior art, the powder cylinder provided by the invention has the advantages that the fine adjustment of the sealing ring is realized through the cooperation among the piston, the rotating assembly, the adjusting assembly and the like, meanwhile, the operation steps are simpler, the consistency of the sealing property of the periphery of the sealing ring after fine adjustment can be ensured, more requirements in actual use are met, and the practicability is higher.

Compared with the prior art, the powder cylinder provided by the invention has the advantages that through the matching of the rotating assembly, the spring plunger, the adjusting assembly and the like, the attachment degree between the felt, the sealing ring and the powder cylinder body can be finely adjusted, the sealing effect of the 3D printer is greatly improved, the experience feeling of the product is better, and the applicability is stronger.

The powder feeding device comprises a temporary storage box and a controller, wherein the temporary storage box is provided with a feeding pipe and a discharging pipe, the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe are respectively provided with a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are both opened towards the material output direction, meanwhile, a sliding piston is arranged in the temporary storage box in a sliding mode and fixedly connected with a telescopic motor, the controller controls the telescopic motor to act, and the position of the sliding piston is monitored through a displacement sensor;

according to the powder feeding device, the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are both opened towards the material output direction, so that when the telescopic motor drives the sliding piston to move outwards, the first one-way valve is in an open state, the second one-way valve is in a closed state, and at the moment, powder is pumped into the temporary storage box; when the telescopic motor drives the sliding piston to move inwards, the first one-way valve is closed, the second one-way valve is opened, and at the moment, the powder in the temporary storage box is output; the sectional area of the temporary storage box is constant, so that the amount of the powder pumped in and extruded can be accurately controlled by measuring the displacement length of the sliding piston, and the accurate conveying of the powder is realized;

compared with the prior art, the powder feeding device realizes quantitative powder feeding to the 3D printer through simple structural design, ensures the uniformity of powder feeding, and reduces the waste rate of raw materials; meanwhile, the invention has simple and reliable structure and greatly reduces the maintenance difficulty of the equipment.

The powder feeding device comprises the metal valve core and the rubber sealing table, the metal valve core is wrapped by the rubber sealing sleeve, the rigidity of the whole sliding piston can be effectively improved by adopting the metal valve core, the powder feeding precision and the tightness of the temporary storage box cannot be influenced by deformation in the process that the telescopic motor drives the sliding piston to slide, and the connection performance between the telescopic rod and the sliding piston cannot be influenced by excessive deformation; meanwhile, the airtightness between the sliding piston and the temporary storage box is improved through the flexible structure of the rubber sealing sleeve, and the rigidity and the flexibility can be effectively considered;

according to the powder feeding device, the metal valve core is connected with the telescopic rod through the connecting sleeve at the rear end, and the telescopic rod is connected with the telescopic motor through the connector, so that the telescopic rod can be rapidly disassembled and assembled, and the maintenance difficulty of equipment is reduced.

The outer surface of the rubber sealing sleeve of the powder feeding device is provided with the plurality of sealing grooves, so that on one hand, the friction between the rubber sleeve and the inner surface of the temporary storage box is reduced, the abrasion is reduced, and meanwhile, the requirement on a telescopic motor is also reduced; meanwhile, the plurality of sealing grooves can buffer the powder entering the gap between the rubber sealing sleeve and the inner wall of the temporary storage box, so that the powder is prevented from continuously diffusing outwards, and the sealing performance of the whole set of equipment is improved.

The powder feeding device is provided with the travel switch at the tail end of the temporary storage box, the travel of the sliding piston is controlled through the travel switch, the powder feeding device is prevented from being pulled out of the temporary storage box by the telescopic motor, and the stability and the reliability of the device are improved.

The temporary storage box of the powder feeding device is also provided with the observation window, and workers can effectively check the powder amount in the box body and the internal condition of the temporary storage box through the observation window, so that the working condition in the box body is judged, the maintenance difficulty of equipment is reduced, and the equipment is prevented from idling.

The feeding pipe and the discharging pipe of the powder feeding device are arranged on the end face of the temporary storage box, and the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe arranged on the same end face can prolong the formation of the sliding piston to the maximum extent, so that the temporary storage box is utilized to the maximum extent, and the influence of powder stored in the temporary storage box on the quality of the powder is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a partial schematic structural view of the present invention (with parts omitted);

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 illustrating the present invention (the workpiece is gradually enlarged during printing);

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the area C in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the printing base, the rotary driving mechanism and the lifting driving mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary driving mechanism and the lifting driving mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the rotary drive mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the support plate of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic bottom view of the first disk of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic side view of a riser of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the lift driving mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the powder jar of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a bottom view of the powder jar of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a rotating assembly of the powder jar of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a powder feeding device according to the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the powder feeding device according to the present invention.

In the figure: 100. a rotation driving mechanism; 200. a lifting drive mechanism; 2. printing a base station; 201. a base station connecting part; 202. and a base body; 2021. printing a support surface; 3. a frame; 301. a movable cavity of the printing base station; 302. an operating space; 303. an operation table; 3031. a gap; 5. a workpiece; 6. a seam-clamping sheet; 4. a laser; 401. a laser scanning range; 801. spreading a powder roller;

11. a base plate; 12. supporting legs; 13. a support plate; 14. a rotating rod; 15. a first disc; 16. a driven gear; 17. a servo motor; 18. a driving gear; 19. a column; 110. a second disc; 111. a mounting plate; 112. a bidirectional screw rod; 113. a knob; 114. a cross bar; 115. a vertical plate; 116. a strip-shaped through opening; 117. a connecting rod; 118. an arc-shaped plate; 119. a slider; 120. an annular chute; 121. a threaded hole; 122. a slide hole; 123. an anti-skid rubber pad;

211. an L-shaped fixing plate; 210. a hydraulic lever; 29. a hydraulic cylinder; 2111. a horizontal portion; 2112. a vertical portion;

10. a powder jar; 700. a powder feeding device; 800. a powder spreading device; 1. a powder feeding pipe;

01. a cylinder body; 02. a piston; 03. felt; 04. a spring plunger; 05. a cover plate; 06. a seal ring; 07. a rotating assembly; 08. an adjustment assembly; 09. a step; 0701. a fixed block; 0702. a connecting rod; 0703. a baffle plate; 0704. a bevel gear; 0705. a handle is rotated; 0801. a rectangular plate; 0802. a telescopic rod; 0803. a trapezoidal plate; 0804. a tension spring; 0805. a thread groove; 0806. an annular groove;

71. temporary storage box, 72, controller, 73, inlet pipe, 74, discharging pipe, 75, first check valve, 76, second check valve, 77, sliding piston, 78, flexible motor, 79, displacement sensor, 710, travel switch, 711, observation window, 771, metal valve core, 772, rubber seal cover, 773, connecting sleeve, 774, telescopic link, 775, connector, 776, seal groove.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with specific examples, but it should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.

The technical features (the components/elements of the invention) of the powder spreading device and the like in the invention are obtained from conventional commercial sources or prepared by conventional methods, and the specific structure, the working principle, the control mode and the spatial arrangement mode which can be involved are all conventional choices in the field, which should not be regarded as the innovation point of the invention, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art, and the patent of the invention is not further specifically described in detail.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 11, a 3D printing apparatus includes a frame,

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1 to 11, a 3D printing apparatus includes a frame,

the movable cavity of the printing base station can be arranged according to the shape of the printing base station and the shape of a workpiece to be printed, and is preferably arranged into a cylindrical cavity;

the operation space is used for arranging structures such as a powder spreading device and a powder scraping device according to actual needs, and is also used as a manual operation space which can be a closed space or a closed space with an openable window (a vacuumizing device needs to be additionally arranged);

the operation table can be selected as a reference surface in practical application;

the crack sheet can be fixedly arranged or detachably arranged, preferably detachably arranged (convenient to adjust or replace) with adjustable crack width, and particularly, the arrangement mode and the structure can be selected according to actual needs;

as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

the plurality of lasers are matched to enable the laser scanning range to cover one line of the upper surface of the whole printing base platform, and of course, the plurality of lasers can work simultaneously or respectively, and the laser scanning range can be understood by those skilled in the art. Thus, the printing of a plurality of parts can be completed on a single printing base station, so that the coaxial parts are integrally formed; multiple lasers can also be used to control multiple regions to operate together/partially (or even separately) to improve operating efficiency.

it is right like this the drive of printing the base station can accomplish that both ends are synchronous unanimous, right the supporting role of printing the base station is more firm, and the working process is more stable.

The powder spreading devices are matched to enable the powder spreading roller of the powder spreading device to cover the whole printing base station, powder can be spread on any required powder spreading part on the printing base station, and the powder can be simultaneously/locally spread by the powder spreading devices according to actual needs; it is of course also possible to make one large enough powder spreading device instead of a plurality of powder spreading devices, as will be understood by the person skilled in the art.

And the powder paving roller and the printing base station rotate reversely to pave powder. The powder spreading device can be additionally provided with an X-axis driving device and/or a Y-axis driving device and the like according to requirements by a person skilled in the art, so that the powder spreading device can move to a corresponding position according to requirements.

Other functional structures can be added as required by those skilled in the art to realize other required functions based on the present invention.

The printing base station comprises a base station connecting part and a base station body; the base station connecting part plays a role in connection and fixation; the base station body extends in a long strip shape, and the circumferential surface of the base station body in the extending direction is a printing support surface;

the rotary driving mechanism, please refer to fig. 7 to 10, comprising a bottom plate, wherein supporting legs are fixed at four corners of the top of the bottom plate, a supporting plate is arranged above the bottom plate, the tops of the supporting legs are fixedly connected with the bottom of the supporting plate, the top of the bottom plate is rotatably connected with a rotating rod through a bearing, the top end of the rotating rod penetrates through the top of the supporting plate and is fixedly provided with a first disc, the top end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the supporting plate through a bearing, a driven gear is sleeved and fixed on the surface of the rotating rod, a servo motor is fixed at the top of the bottom plate, an output shaft of the servo motor is fixed with a driving gear, the driving gear is meshed and connected with the driven gear, four upright posts are symmetrically fixed at the top of the first disc, a second disc is arranged above the first disc, the tops of the upright posts are fixedly connected with the bottom of the second disc, the both ends of two-way lead screw all rotate with a lateral wall of adjacent mounting panel respectively through the bearing to be connected, the one end of two-way lead screw runs through a lateral wall of adjacent mounting panel and is fixed with the knob, the below of two-way lead screw is provided with the horizontal pole, the both ends of horizontal pole respectively with a lateral wall fixed connection of adjacent mounting panel, the both ends lateral wall of two-way lead screw all has the riser through threaded connection, the equal sliding connection of riser is on the surface of horizontal pole, the bar opening has been seted up at the top of second disc, the bar opening all runs through on the top of riser, a lateral wall of riser all is fixed with the connecting rod, the one end of connecting.

In the embodiment, the support plate, the bidirectional screw rod, the knob, the cross rod, the vertical plate, the connecting rod and the arc plate are arranged, so that a long-strip-shaped (or called long-shaped) printing base station can be conveniently and quickly fixed on the second disc, and the second disc can be driven to rotate by arranging the support plate, the rotating rod, the first disc, the driven gear, the servo motor, the driving gear and the stand column, so that the printing base station can rotate, the requirements of processing symmetry and the like of some rotating parts are well met, and the quality of processed products is ensured; and is suitable for the printing requirement of the long strip (or long strip) printing base station.

Specifically, the extending direction of the printing base platform and the extending direction of the powder spreading roller are parallel to each other.

Referring to fig. 11, the lifting driving mechanism includes an L-shaped fixing plate, a hydraulic rod and a hydraulic cylinder which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

In this embodiment, the pneumatic cylinder during operation can drive hydraulic stem and L type fixed plate and reciprocate.

Specifically, four sliders are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the first disc, an annular sliding groove is formed in the top of the supporting plate, and the four sliders are connected in the annular sliding groove in a sliding mode.

In this embodiment, the four sliding blocks are symmetrically fixed at the bottom of the first disk, and the annular sliding groove is formed at the top of the supporting plate, so that the first disk can stably rotate on the supporting plate.

Specifically, the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are opposite in thread direction, threaded holes corresponding to threads at two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are formed in one side wall of each of the two vertical plates respectively, two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are connected with the threaded holes of the corresponding vertical plates respectively in a threaded mode, sliding holes are formed in one side wall of each vertical plate, and the cross rod penetrates through the sliding holes.

In this embodiment, set up respectively with the corresponding screw hole of two-way lead screw both ends screw thread for the lateral wall of two risers, be in order to cooperate with two-way lead screw, all seted up the slide opening through a lateral wall at the riser, be in order to make the horizontal pole can be smooth pass the riser to when two-way lead screw rotates, can drive two risers toward opposite direction motion.

Specifically, the surface of the knob is provided with anti-skid lines.

In this embodiment, set up anti-skidding line through the surface at the knob, can play better anti-skidding effect to be convenient for people to rotate the knob.

Specifically, the surfaces of the arc-shaped plates, which are far away from the connecting rod, are fixed with anti-skidding rubber pads.

In this embodiment, through the fixed surface anti-skidding rubber pad at the arc, can play better anti-skidding effect to can be fixed more firm with the printing base station.

When the rotary driving mechanism is used, the end part of the rotary driving mechanism is placed on a second disc for printing a base station (a base shaft, the periphery of the rotary driving mechanism is an annular printing base station), the arc-shaped plate and the anti-skidding rubber pad are located on the inner side of a base station connecting part of the printing base station, then the knob is rotated, the knob can drive the bidirectional screw rod to rotate, the bidirectional screw rod can drive the two vertical plates to move towards the outer side, so that the anti-skidding rubber pad can be driven to be tightly abutted against the inner wall of the base station connecting part, the printing base station can be fixed on the second disc, then the servo motor is started, the servo motor can drive the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear can drive the driven gear to rotate, and therefore the first disc can be driven to.

Specifically, the powder spreading device is connected with a metal powder processing system for 3D printing equipment, the metal powder processing system for 3D printing equipment comprises a powder cylinder and a powder feeding device, and the powder cylinder, the powder feeding device and the powder spreading device are sequentially communicated through a powder feeding pipe, as shown in fig. 12 to 17;

the specific structure of the powder feeding device of the invention is shown in fig. 16 and 17, and the powder feeding device comprises a temporary storage box and a controller, wherein the temporary storage box is respectively provided with a feeding pipe and a discharging pipe, and the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe can be arranged on the end surface or the outer circular surface of the temporary storage box according to requirements, and the arrangement on the end surface is optimal; the inlet end of the feeding pipe is hermetically connected with the powder storage device, and the outlet end of the discharging pipe is hermetically connected with the powder utilization device; the temporary storage box body is also provided with a transparent observation window, so that the working personnel can conveniently observe the condition in the temporary storage box at any time.

Meanwhile, a first one-way valve is fixedly arranged on the feeding pipe, and a second one-way valve is arranged on the discharging pipe, wherein the first one-way valve is in an open state towards one side of the temporary storage box, and the second one-way valve is in an open state towards one side of the powder using device;

the temporary storage box is movably provided with a sliding piston, the sliding piston comprises a metal valve core and a rubber sealing sleeve, the central position of the rear end face of the metal valve core is integrally provided with a connecting sleeve, the rubber sealing sleeve wraps the whole metal valve core, the connecting sleeve penetrates through the rubber sealing sleeve and is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod in a screw thread connection mode, and the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a telescopic motor through a connector; the telescopic motor adopts an electric push rod to reduce the volume of the whole set of equipment; meanwhile, a plurality of annular sealing grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the rubber sealing sleeve;

the temporary storage box body is also provided with a displacement sensor, the controller adopts a PLC (programmable logic controller), the displacement sensor adopts an infrared sensor, and the signal output end of the displacement sensor is connected with the signal input end of the PLC; meanwhile, the tail end of the temporary storage box is also provided with a travel switch, the travel switch is connected with a signal input end of the PLC, and a signal output end of the PLC is connected with the telescopic motor.

When powder needs to be fed, the sliding piston is driven to move outwards by the telescopic motor, negative pressure is formed in the temporary storage box, meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the opening directions of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, the first one-way valve is in an opening state, the second one-way valve is in a closing state, and at the moment, powder is pumped into the temporary storage box through the negative pressure; when the telescopic motor drives the sliding piston to move inwards, the first one-way valve is closed, the second one-way valve is opened, and at the moment, the powder in the temporary storage box is output through the feeding pipe; meanwhile, the sectional area of the temporary storage box is constant, so that the amount of the powder pumped in and extruded out can be accurately controlled by measuring the displacement length of the sliding piston, and the accurate conveying of the powder is realized.

Compared with the prior art, the powder conveying device has the advantages that the precise quantitative conveying of the powder is realized through a simple structure, the quantitative powder conveying to the 3D printer is greatly improved, the uniformity of the powder conveying is ensured, and the waste rate of raw materials is reduced; meanwhile, the invention has simple and reliable structure and greatly reduces the maintenance difficulty of the equipment.

According to the powder feeding device, the opening directions of the two one-way valves are ingeniously arranged, the powder is quantitatively extracted into the temporary storage box through the sliding piston and then is fed out in a split mode, quantitative powder feeding to the 3D printer is achieved through a simple structural design, the powder feeding uniformity is guaranteed, and the waste rate of raw materials is reduced; meanwhile, the invention has simple and reliable structure and greatly reduces the maintenance difficulty of the equipment.

As shown in fig. 13-15, the powder cylinder of the present invention includes a cylinder body, a piston, a felt, a spring plunger, a cover plate, and a sealing ring, wherein the piston is slidably connected to an inner wall of the cylinder body, the cover plate is fixedly connected to a top of the piston, the felt is located between the piston and the cover plate and tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body, the sealing ring is disposed at a bottom of the piston and tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body, a plurality of rotating assemblies are disposed at the bottom of the piston, the plurality of rotating assemblies are sequentially in transmission connection, the plurality of rotating assemblies are all in threaded connection with an adjusting assembly, and the plurality of adjusting. The number of the rotating assemblies is four, and the four rotating assemblies and the four adjusting assemblies are arranged in an annular array.

The spring plungers are arranged in an annular array and are in threaded connection with the steps; when the compression amount of the spring plunger is adjusted by screwing up the threads, the felt can be tightly pressed to enable the felt to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body all around, so that the micro adjustment of the attachment degree between the felt and the cylinder body is realized, and the sealing effect of the 3D printer is improved.

Specifically, the runner assembly includes the fixed block, the top of fixed block and the bottom fixed connection of piston, and the lateral wall of fixed block runs through and the rotation installs the connecting rod, the one end fixedly connected with baffle of connecting rod, the other end fixedly connected with bevel gear of connecting rod, and the outer fixed surface of connecting rod installs the turning handle. The adjusting assembly comprises a rectangular plate, telescopic rods are fixedly mounted on two sides of the rectangular plate, trapezoidal plates are fixedly connected to movable ends of the two telescopic rods, and telescopic springs are sleeved on outer surfaces of the two telescopic rods. One side of the rectangular plate is provided with a thread groove, the other side of the rectangular plate is provided with an annular groove, and the thread groove is correspondingly communicated with the annular groove; when the device is used, any rotating handle is rotated to be matched with the fixed block to drive the connecting rod and the bevel gears to rotate, the bevel gears and the other three bevel gears are matched to drive the other three connecting rods to synchronously rotate, the connecting rods are matched with structures such as thread grooves and annular grooves to drive the rectangular plate and the two trapezoidal plates to synchronously move in the rotating process, the two trapezoidal plates can automatically adjust the positions under the matching of structures such as telescopic rods and telescopic springs, the sealing ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body, the fine adjustment of the attaching degree between the sealing ring and the cylinder body is further realized, the sealing effect of the 3D printer is improved, and the experience of the product is better; meanwhile, the whole operation steps are simpler, the consistency of the sealing performance of the periphery of the micro-regulated sealing ring can be ensured, and more requirements in actual use are met.

When the powder cylinder is used, the compression amount of the spring plunger is adjusted by screwing the threads, so that the felt can be pressed to enable the periphery of the felt to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body; any rotating handle is rotated to be matched with the fixing block to drive the connecting rod and the bevel gears to rotate, the bevel gears and the other three bevel gears are matched to drive the other three connecting rods to synchronously rotate, the connecting rods are matched with structures such as thread grooves and annular grooves to drive the rectangular plate and the two trapezoidal plates to start to synchronously move in the rotating process, and the two trapezoidal plates can automatically adjust the positions under the matching of structures such as the telescopic rods and the telescopic springs to enable the sealing ring to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body; and then realized the fine-tuning to laminating degree between felt and sealing washer and the cylinder body, greatly promoted the sealed effect of 3D printer, holistic operating procedure is simpler simultaneously, can also guarantee that fine-tuning back sealing washer leakproofness all around is unanimous, has satisfied more demands in the in-service use, and the practicality is higher.

According to the powder cylinder, the fitting degree between the felt and the sealing ring and between the powder cylinder body and the powder cylinder body can be adjusted in a micro mode through the cooperation of the spring plunger, the rotating assembly, the adjusting assembly and the like, meanwhile, the operation steps are simpler, the sealing performance of the periphery of the sealing ring after micro adjustment can be guaranteed to be consistent, the sealing effect of the 3D printer is greatly improved, and the experience feeling of products is better.

According to the description of the invention and the accompanying drawings, a person skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use the 3D printing apparatus of the invention and can produce the positive effects described in the invention.

Unless otherwise specified, in the present invention, if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms of "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, the terms describing orientation or positional relationship in the present invention are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limiting the present patent, specific meanings of the above terms can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the specific circumstances in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are used broadly and encompass, for example, being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a 3D printing apparatus which characterized in that: comprises a machine frame (3),

the middle part of the rack (3) is provided with a printing base station movable cavity (301) for the printing base station (2) to move in, an operation space (302) is arranged above the printing base station movable cavity (301), the bottom of the operation space (302) is an operation table (303), the middle part of the operation table (303) is provided with a gap (3031) which is the same as the extension direction of the printing base station (2), the operation table (303) is positioned at the left side and the right side of the gap (3031) and is respectively provided with a seam clamping sheet (6), and the two seam clamping sheets (6) form a seam which is the same as the extension direction of the printing base station (2);

a plurality of lasers (4) are arranged right above the crack, and a printing base station (2) is arranged in the printing base station movable cavity (301) and right below the crack;

two ends of the printing base (2) are respectively connected with two driving devices which work synchronously, and each driving device comprises a rotary driving mechanism (100) and a lifting driving mechanism (200);

the operation table (303) is provided with a plurality of powder paving devices, and a powder paving roller (801) of each powder paving device is positioned on one side above the crack.

2. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the printing base (2) comprises a base connecting part (201) and a base body (202); the base station connecting part (201) plays a role in connecting and fixing; the base station body (202) extends in a long strip shape, and the circumferential surface of the base station body in the extending direction is a printing support surface (2021);

the rotary driving mechanism (100) is connected with the base station connecting part (201) and is used for driving the printing base station (2) to rotate;

the upper part of the lifting driving mechanism (200) is connected with the rotary driving mechanism (100), and the lifting direction of the lifting driving mechanism (200) is mutually vertical to the axial direction of a rotating rod (14) of the rotary driving mechanism (100);

the rotary driving mechanism (100) comprises a bottom plate (11), supporting legs (12) are fixed to four corners of the top of the bottom plate (11), a supporting plate (13) is arranged above the bottom plate (11), the tops of the supporting legs (12) are fixedly connected with the bottom of the supporting plate (13), a rotating rod (14) is rotatably connected to the top of the bottom plate (11) through a bearing, the top end of the rotating rod (14) penetrates through the top of the supporting plate (13) and is fixedly provided with a first disc (15), the top end of the rotating rod (14) is rotatably connected with the supporting plate (13) through a bearing, a driven gear (16) is fixedly arranged on the surface of the rotating rod (14), a servo motor (17) is fixed to the top of the bottom plate (11), a driving gear (18) is fixed to an output shaft of the servo motor (17), and the driving gear (18) is meshed with the driven gear (16), the top of the first disc (15) is symmetrically fixed with four upright posts (19), the second disc (110) is arranged above the first disc (15), the tops of the upright posts (19) are fixedly connected with the bottom of the second disc (110), the top of the first disc (15) is symmetrically fixed with support plates (111), a bidirectional screw rod (112) is arranged above the first disc (15), two ends of the bidirectional screw rod (112) are respectively and rotatably connected with one side wall of the adjacent support plate (111) through bearings, one end of the bidirectional screw rod (112) penetrates through one side wall of the adjacent support plate (111) and is fixed with a knob (113), a cross rod (114) is arranged below the bidirectional screw rod (112), two ends of the cross rod (114) are respectively and fixedly connected with one side wall of the adjacent support plate (111), two outer side walls of the bidirectional screw rod (112) are respectively and connected with a vertical plate (115) through threads, the equal sliding connection of riser (115) is on the surface of horizontal pole (114), bar opening (116) have been seted up at the top of second disc (110), bar opening (116) all are run through on the top of riser (115), a lateral wall of riser (115) all is fixed with connecting rod (117), the one end of connecting rod (117) all is fixed with arc (118).

3. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the extending direction of the printing base (2) is parallel to the extending direction of the powder spreading roller (801).

4. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lifting driving mechanism (200) comprises an L-shaped fixing plate (211), a hydraulic rod (210) and a hydraulic cylinder (29) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

the horizontal part (2111) of the L-shaped fixing plate (211) is connected with the upper end of the hydraulic rod (210), the vertical part (2112) is connected with the bottom plate (11) of the rotary driving mechanism (100), and the extension direction of the arc-shaped plate (118) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the hydraulic rod (210).

5. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the base station body (202) extends in a long strip shape, and the cross section of any position of the extension direction of the base station body is circular.

6. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the base body (202) extends in a cylindrical shape.

7. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the base connecting part (201) is in an original cylinder shape.

8. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: four sliding blocks (119) are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the first disc (15), an annular sliding groove (120) is formed in the top of the supporting plate (13), and the four sliding blocks (119) are connected in the annular sliding groove (120) in a sliding mode.

9. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: two-way lead screw (112) both ends screw thread opposite direction, two screw hole (121) corresponding with two-way lead screw (112) both ends screw thread are seted up respectively to a lateral wall of riser (115), the both ends of two-way lead screw (112) respectively with screw hole (121) threaded connection of corresponding riser (115), slide opening (122) have all been seted up to a lateral wall of riser (115), horizontal pole (114) run through slide opening (122).

10. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the surface of the knob (113) is provided with anti-skid lines;

and anti-skid rubber pads (123) are fixed on the surfaces of the arc-shaped plates (118) far away from the connecting rod (117).