CN112156621A - Method for preventing calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower from bubbling - Google Patents
Method for preventing calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower from bubbling Download PDFInfo
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- CN112156621A CN112156621A CN202011048832.2A CN202011048832A CN112156621A CN 112156621 A CN112156621 A CN 112156621A CN 202011048832 A CN202011048832 A CN 202011048832A CN 112156621 A CN112156621 A CN 112156621A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/10—Ultra-violet radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1412—Controlling the absorption process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing foaming of a calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower, an accident slurry tank, an ultraviolet lamp, a carbon dioxide or nitrogen cylinder, a sodium hypochlorite storage tank, a newly-built slurry storage tank and a drug-adding and slurry-turning bypass. The invention has the beneficial effects that: during the overhaul period of the unit, the invention can effectively inhibit the bacterial reproduction, greatly reduce the enrichment of protein generated after the death of microorganisms in the tower during the normal operation period of the unit, cause the early rupture of foam, prevent the foam overflow phenomenon of the absorption tower which occurs irregularly, and ensure the output of the recycle pump of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower, thereby ensuring the liquid-gas ratio in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower, ensuring the desulphurization efficiency, finally ensuring the emission of the unit within the limit value and ensuring the output of the unit to have positive significance for improving the reliability and the operation stability of the unit and ensuring the normal operation of environmental protection facilities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of desulfurization, and particularly relates to a method for preventing the bubbling of a calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower by regulating the use amount of a catalyst, a bactericide, illumination and a gas filling device to inhibit the growth of bacteria.
Background
In the wet flue gas desulfurization process, the absorption tower contains acidic Substances (SO) in the flue gas2And HCl) with an alkaline slurry, react and absorb. Wherein SO2May be influenced by gas film resistance and liquid film resistance, depending on the SO in the flue gas2Concentration, liquid to gas ratio and reactants used. SO in flue gas2When the concentration of (2) is independent variable, it is effective to increase the liquid-gas ratio when limestone is used as a desulfurization reactant. However, the absorption tower bubbling phenomenon which occurs irregularly can reduce the output of a recirculation pump of the absorption tower, thereby reducing the liquid-gas ratio in the tower, influencing the desulfurization efficiency, causing the discharge to exceed the standard and limiting the output of a unit.
In the foam theory, the factors influencing the permanence of the foam are: gravity-induced bubble wall drainage, gas diffusion between bubbles, near-surface attraction/repulsion, capillary flow towards the plateau boundary. Foaming agent locks providing increased bubble persistence in general with commercial surfactants, macromolecules (e.g., polymers or proteins) and finely dispersed solids (e.g., Al (OH))3Colloid) of the resin.
Long-term problem tracking, data collection, experimental exploration, I excluded the possibility of bubbling with common commercial surfactants and finely dispersed solids due to the lack of source of the surfactant pathway in power plants, while Al (OH)3ColloidMost probably from limestone, limestone is strictly controlled all the time, and no serious aluminum ion standard exceeding phenomenon is found. At present, experiments prove that the protein concentration enough for foaming is accumulated in the overflowing foam, so that the reason for judging the slurry overflowing is that after a bacterium in the absorption tower is propagated in a large quantity, a protein source is provided for the generation of the foam, the durability of the bubbles is increased, and the slurry overflowing is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for preventing the foaming of a calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower.
The device for preventing the foaming of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower comprises: the system comprises a calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower, an accident slurry tank, an ultraviolet lamp, a carbon dioxide or nitrogen cylinder, a sodium hypochlorite storage tank, a newly-built slurry storage tank and a dosing and slurry turning bypass, wherein the dosing and slurry turning bypass comprises a dosing and slurry turning bypass A and a dosing and slurry turning bypass B; the carbon dioxide or nitrogen cylinder is connected with a newly-built slurry storage tank through an air passage, and the carbon dioxide or nitrogen cylinder is also connected with an accident slurry tank through an air passage; a plurality of ultraviolet lamps are arranged at the top of the accident slurry tank; the liquid outlet of the accident slurry tank is connected with the liquid inlet A of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower through a pipeline A, and the liquid outlet C of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower is connected with the liquid inlet of the accident slurry tank through a pipeline B; a dosing and slurry turning bypass A is led out from an upper opening of the pipeline A, and is connected with a pipeline B; the liquid outlet of the newly-built slurry storage tank is connected with the liquid inlet B of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower through a pipeline C, the liquid outlet D of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower is connected with the liquid inlet of the newly-built slurry storage tank through a pipeline D, a dosing and slurry turning bypass B is led out from the upper opening of the pipeline C, and the dosing and slurry turning bypass B is connected into the pipeline D; the outlet of the sodium hypochlorite storage tank is divided into two pipelines which are respectively connected into a pipeline D and a pipeline B.
Preferably, the upper half part of the newly-built slurry storage tank is transparent, and blades are arranged in the newly-built slurry storage tank and used for stirring and turning over the slurry; the top of the accident slurry tank is provided with a communicating vessel communicated with the atmosphere.
Preferably, the ultraviolet lamps are evenly distributed in the accident slurryThe number of ultraviolet lamps at the top of the interior of the box is not less than 16, and the installation strength of the ultraviolet lamps is not less than 70uW/cm2。
The method for preventing the foaming of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower comprises the following steps:
step 1, adjusting the using amount of a unit catalyst, and replacing the catalyst in time after the service life of the catalyst is ended, so that ammonia gas overspray can be effectively prevented, and bubbling of an absorption tower is prevented;
at the beginning, the accident slurry tank is pumped and filled with nitrogen, carbon dioxide or other inert gases (the top of the accident slurry tank is originally provided with a communicating vessel communicated with the atmosphere, so the rest space in the tower is preferably filled with carbon dioxide, the density of the carbon dioxide is greater than that of the air, the oxygen diffusion in the atmosphere can be isolated to the maximum extent), and the oxygen concentration in the accident slurry tank is maintained at a low level;
step 3.1, during unit maintenance: discharging part of slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower as gypsum, and simultaneously discharging sodium hypochlorite in a sodium hypochlorite storage tank and residual slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower into an accident slurry tank for temporary storage; sampling and inspecting the serous fluid in the accident serous fluid tank at regular time (every week), and adding a sodium hypochlorite solution into the accident serous fluid tank at regular time to ensure the bacteriostatic effect;
3.2, during maintenance of the unit, simultaneously discharging the slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower and the sodium hypochlorite in the sodium hypochlorite storage tank into a newly-built slurry storage tank with fixed capacity, filling the newly-built slurry storage tank and storing in a sealed manner, so that the bacterial reproduction can be more effectively inhibited than the situation that the newly-built slurry storage tank is directly arranged in an accident slurry tank; the capacity required to seal 50% of the slurry is about 2000m, calculated for a column diameter of 13m in a 300MW unit3(ii) a Stirring and turning the slurry by blades arranged in the newly-built slurry storage tank, sampling and inspecting the newly-built slurry storage tank at regular time (every week), and adding a sodium hypochlorite solution into the newly-built slurry storage tank at regular time to ensure the sterilization effect of the newly-built slurry storage tank;
step 4, completing the overhaul of the unit, and when the unit is restarted: the mixing proportion of the gypsum and limestone slurry discharged when the unit normally operates is used for re-configuring the slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower;
and 6, arranging a plurality of ultraviolet lamps at the top of the accident slurry tank, and performing slurry circulation through a circulating pump in the accident slurry tank at regular time (at least twice per week), so that the slurry can receive ultraviolet light source radiation, and the aim of inhibiting bacterial reproduction is fulfilled.
Preferably, when the amount of the unit catalyst used is adjusted in step 1, if the boiler is in a low-nitrogen combustion state, the following conditions are satisfied: the usage amount of the catalyst/unit capacity is more than or equal to 0.88; wherein the catalyst is used in cubic meter, and the unit capacity is megawatt.
Preferably, if the unit is a heating unit or other non-pure generator unit, the unit capacity is calculated based on a boiler and converted into a pure generator unit.
Preferably, the slurry discharged as gypsum in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower in the step 3.1 is not less than 50 percent; the gypsum contained in the slurry temporarily stored in the accident slurry tank is less than 50% of the gypsum amount required when the unit is started, and the sodium hypochlorite concentration in the accident slurry tank is not less than 200 ppm.
Preferably, when the number of the units is 4 or more in the maintenance of the unit in step 3.1, all the slurry in the calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower is discharged as gypsum, and no slurry is discharged to the accident slurry tank.
Preferably, the newly built slurry storage tank in the step 3.2 is lined with glue for corrosion prevention, so that the tolerance of the tank body to chloride ions is increased.
Preferably, the distance between the dosing port and the accident slurry tank in the step 5 is more than 3 meters, so that the dosing and the slurry are fully mixed, and the aim of inhibiting the propagation of bacteria is fulfilled.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: during the overhaul period of the unit, the invention can effectively inhibit the reproduction of bacteria providing protein sources for the generation of foams in the absorption tower during the overhaul period, thereby greatly reducing the enrichment of protein in the tower after the death of microorganisms during the normal operation period of the unit, reducing the persistence of the protein added to the foams, leading the foams to break as early as possible, further preventing the foam overflow phenomenon of the absorption tower which occurs irregularly, reducing the influence on the output of a recirculating pump of the absorption tower, preventing the reduction of the liquid-gas ratio in the tower from influencing the desulfurization efficiency to cause the over-standard discharge and limiting the output of the unit; the output of a recirculation pump of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower is ensured, so that the liquid-gas ratio in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower is ensured, the desulphurization efficiency is ensured, the emission of the unit is finally ensured to be within the limit value, and the output of the unit is ensured to have positive significance for improving the reliability and the running stability of the unit and ensuring the normal operation of environmental protection facilities.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preventing bubbling in a calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower 1, an accident slurry tank 2, an ultraviolet lamp 3, a carbon dioxide or nitrogen gas bottle 4, a sodium hypochlorite storage tank 5, a newly-built slurry storage tank 6, a dosing and slurry turning bypass A7, a pipeline A8, a pipeline B9, a pipeline C10, a pipeline D11, a liquid inlet A12, a liquid inlet B13, a dosing and slurry turning bypass B14, a liquid outlet C15 and a liquid outlet D16.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, and these modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
With the deep excavation of the bacterial life habit providing a protein source for the generation of foams in the absorption tower and the operation mode of the thermal power plant, the invention uses the device for preventing the foaming of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower as shown in figure 1, and proposes a method for preventing the foaming of the absorption tower by using a device for adjusting the using amount of the catalyst, the bactericide, the illumination and the gas filling on the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower to inhibit the growth of bacteria.
The C-level overhaul duration of the thermal power plant is generally more than 3 weeks, the A-level overhaul duration is more than 2 months, and the B-level overhaul duration is between the A-level overhaul and the C-level overhaul. During the maintenance, the absorption tower slurry has two directions, one is sold as gypsum after being discharged out of the absorption tower, the other is discharged into an accident slurry box (or other containers) for temporary storage, and the absorption tower is driven back for reuse after the maintenance is finished.
As an example: the Zhejiang Changxing power plant is located in Changxing county in Zhejiang province, 4 units with the capacity of 330MW are arranged along the coast of Taihu lake, the power plant is troubled by the bubbling problem of an absorption tower for a long time, and the method for preventing the bubbling of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower is used for preventing the bubbling event, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, checking the operation condition of the low-nitrogen combustion of the boiler and the ratio of the catalyst usage amount to the unit capacity, and finding that the power plant of the Happy family does not strictly execute the low-nitrogen combustion of the boiler, and the ratio of the catalyst usage amount to the unit capacity is more than 0.95. And then low-nitrogen combustion is adjusted to be performed.
And 2, staggering the overhaul time of the unit as much as possible, wherein when a single unit is overhauled, 60% of gypsum in the absorption tower is sold, 40% of gypsum is pumped into an accident slurry box outside the tower for storage, gypsum discharged by other units is collected during overhaul, limestone is added for allocation, and the sufficient gypsum content is ensured when the unit is put into operation again.
And 3, when the slurry is pumped into an accident slurry tank outside the tower, adding sodium hypochlorite at the same time, continuously monitoring during the maintenance period, and maintaining the concentration of the sodium hypochlorite not less than 200 ppm. When the unit is put into operation again, 60 percent of slurry comes from other units to discharge gypsum.
And 4, arranging an ultraviolet lamp at the top of the accident slurry tank in advance according to the mode shown in the figure 1, and turning the slurry by using the dosing and slurry turning bypass pipeline every day.
And 5, during maintenance, sufficient nitrogen is filled into the accident slurry tank for storing the slurry, and the low oxygen content in the accident slurry tank is kept.
And 6, the power plant only uses the step 2, all the gypsum is discharged for sale during the maintenance period, and in the last 5 days of the maintenance of the unit, the discharged gypsum of other 3 units is collected and mixed with limestone slurry to prepare new gypsum slurry for the unit to restart.
Claims (10)
1. A device for preventing bubbling in a calcium-based wet desulfurization absorber, comprising: the system comprises a calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1), an accident slurry tank (2), an ultraviolet lamp (3), a carbon dioxide or nitrogen cylinder (4), a sodium hypochlorite storage tank (5), a newly-built slurry storage tank (6) and a drug-adding and slurry-turning bypass, wherein the drug-adding and slurry-turning bypass comprises a drug-adding and slurry-turning bypass A (7) and a drug-adding and slurry-turning bypass B (14); the carbon dioxide or nitrogen cylinder (4) is connected with a newly-built slurry storage tank (6) through an air passage, and the carbon dioxide or nitrogen cylinder (4) is also connected with the accident slurry tank (2) through the air passage; the top of the accident slurry tank (2) is provided with a plurality of ultraviolet lamps (3); a liquid outlet of the accident slurry tank (2) is connected with a liquid inlet A (12) of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1) through a pipeline A (8), and a liquid outlet C (15) of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1) is connected with a liquid inlet of the accident slurry tank (2) through a pipeline B (9); a dosing and slurry turning bypass A (7) is led out from an upper opening of the pipeline A (8), and the dosing and slurry turning bypass A (7) is connected to a pipeline B (9); a liquid outlet of the newly-built slurry storage tank (6) is connected with a liquid inlet B (13) of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1) through a pipeline C (10), a liquid outlet D (16) of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1) is connected with a liquid inlet of the newly-built slurry storage tank (6) through a pipeline D (11), a dosing and slurry turning bypass B (14) is led out from an upper opening of the pipeline C (10), and the dosing and slurry turning bypass B (14) is connected with the pipeline D (11); the outlet of the sodium hypochlorite storage tank (5) is divided into two pipelines which are respectively connected into a pipeline D (11) and a pipeline B (9).
2. The apparatus for preventing bubbling in a calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower according to claim 1, wherein: the upper half part of the newly-built slurry storage tank (6) is transparent, and blades are arranged in the newly-built slurry storage tank (6); the top of the accident slurry tank (2) is provided with a communicating vessel communicated with the atmosphere.
3. The apparatus for preventing bubbling in a calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower according to claim 1, wherein: the ultraviolet lamps (3) are evenly distributed at the top inside the accident slurry box (2), and the number of the ultraviolet lamps (3) is not less than16 ultraviolet lamps with the installation strength of not less than 70uW/cm2。
4. A method for preventing the foaming of a calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, adjusting the using amount of a unit catalyst, and replacing the catalyst in time after the service life of the catalyst is ended;
step 2, when the maintenance of the unit is started, the accident slurry tank (2) is pumped out and is filled with nitrogen, carbon dioxide or other inert gases;
step 3, executing step 3.1 or step 3.2;
step 3.1, during unit maintenance: discharging part of slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1) as gypsum, and simultaneously discharging sodium hypochlorite in a sodium hypochlorite storage tank (5) and residual slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1) into an accident slurry tank (2) for temporary storage; sampling and inspecting the slurry in the accident slurry tank (2) at regular time, and adding a sodium hypochlorite solution into the accident slurry tank (2) at regular time;
3.2, when the unit is overhauled, simultaneously discharging the slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1) and sodium hypochlorite in the sodium hypochlorite storage tank (5) into a newly-built slurry storage tank (6) with fixed capacity, and filling and sealing the newly-built slurry storage tank (6) for storage; stirring and turning over the slurry by blades arranged in the newly-built slurry storage tank (6), sampling and inspecting the newly-built slurry storage tank (6) at regular time, and adding a sodium hypochlorite solution into the newly-built slurry storage tank (6) at regular time;
step 4, completing the overhaul of the unit, and when the unit is restarted: the mixing proportion of the gypsum and limestone slurry discharged when the unit normally operates is used for re-configuring the slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1);
step 5, arranging a medicine adding port on an inlet pipeline of the accident slurry tank (2), connecting the medicine adding port to a medicine adding and slurry turning bypass A (7), arranging a medicine adding port on an inlet pipeline of a newly-built slurry storage tank (6), and connecting the medicine adding port to a medicine adding and slurry turning bypass B (14);
and 6, arranging a plurality of ultraviolet lamps (3) at the top of the accident slurry tank (2), and performing slurry circulation through a circulating pump in the accident slurry tank (2) at regular time.
5. The method for preventing the bubbling of the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower according to claim 4, wherein when the amount of the unit catalyst used is adjusted in the step 1, if the boiler is in a low-nitrogen combustion state, the following conditions are satisfied: the usage amount of the catalyst/unit capacity is more than or equal to 0.88; wherein the catalyst is used in cubic meter, and the unit capacity is megawatt.
6. The method for preventing the bubbling in the calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower according to claim 5, wherein: if the unit is a heat supply unit or other non-pure generator units, the calculation of the unit capacity is based on a boiler and is converted according to the pure generator units.
7. The method for preventing the bubbling in the calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower according to claim 4, wherein: step 3.1, discharging not less than 50% of slurry serving as gypsum in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower (1); the gypsum contained in the slurry temporarily stored in the accident slurry tank (2) is less than 50% of the amount of the gypsum required when the unit is started, and the concentration of sodium hypochlorite in the accident slurry tank (2) is not less than 200 ppm.
8. The method for preventing the bubbling in the calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower according to claim 4, wherein: and 3.1, when the unit is overhauled in the step 3.1, if the number of the units is 4 or more, discharging all the slurry in the calcium-based wet desulphurization absorption tower 1 as gypsum, and discharging no slurry to an accident slurry tank (2).
9. The method for preventing the bubbling in the calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower according to claim 4, wherein: and 3.2, newly building a slurry storage tank (6) and performing glue lining corrosion prevention.
10. The method for preventing the bubbling in the calcium-based wet desulfurization absorption tower according to claim 2, wherein: in the step 5, the distance between the medicine adding port and the accident slurry tank (2) is more than 3 meters.
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| US4532117A (en) * | 1983-12-20 | 1985-07-30 | Union Oil Company Of California | Method for reconditioning bacteria-contaminated hydrogen sulfide removal systems |
| JP2014148575A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-21 | Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd | Cleaning method of absorption tower, and digestion gas purification apparatus |
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