CN112155645A

CN112155645A - Novel hip joint medullary cavity file

Info

Publication number: CN112155645A
Application number: CN202011027087.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 解凤宝; 史春宝; 韩江浩; 郝孟娟
Original assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-25
Filing date: 2020-09-25
Publication date: 2021-01-01

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel hip joint pulp cavity file, file body including vertical placing, the circumference is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth on the outer wall of file body, every the cutting tooth has first cutting face and second cutting face, first cutting face with the second cutting face is located every the downside of cutting tooth, first cutting face is kept away from one side of file body forms first cutting sword, the second cutting face is kept away from one side of file body forms second cutting sword, first cutting face with the crossing department of second cutting face with the third cutting sword that forms between the file body, first cutting sword, second cutting sword and third cutting sword form the prong of outstanding cutting tooth. The method has the effects of reducing excessive consumption of physical strength of doctors in the operation process and reducing the difficulty and risk of the operation.

Description

Novel hip joint medullary cavity file

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a novel hip joint medullary cavity file.

Background

The artificial hip joint consists of artificial acetabulum and artificial femoral head (femoral stem prosthesis). At present, the hip stem prosthesis is made of acetabulum made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene and low-strength modulus metal at home and abroad. The artificial total hip joint replacement can relieve the pain of diseased hip and restore the function of normal joint, and is the most effective method for treating ischemic necrosis of femoral head, femoral neck fracture of old people and the like at present.

The implantation of the femoral stem prosthesis requires the use of a medullary cavity file to enlarge the proximal medullary cavity of the femur, and the process of reaming the medullary cavity generally begins with the use of a second medullary cavity file with a size smaller than that determined by the femoral stem prosthesis, and each medullary cavity file should be gradually inserted into the medullary cavity. Specifically, the handle is connected to the handle of the medullary cavity file, and then the tail of the medullary cavity file handle is knocked by the sliding hammer, so that the medullary cavity file is knocked into the medullary cavity to file the medullary cavity.

However, when the marrow cavity is ground in an actual clinical operation, particularly in some revision operations, the cortical bone is hard, so that the marrow cavity cannot be filed by a file, and when the marrow is forcibly reamed by using a sliding hammer, accidents such as femoral fracture and the like can occur. Not only is a great deal of physical strength consumed by the doctor in the actual operation, but also the difficulty and the risk of the operation are increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to reduce the excessive consumption of physical strength of doctors in the operation process and reduce the difficulty and risk of the operation, the application provides a novel hip medullary cavity file.

The application provides a novel hip joint pulp cavity file adopts following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a novel hip joint pulp cavity file, includes the vertical file body of placing, the circumference is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth on the outer wall of file body, every the cutting tooth has first cutting surface and second cutting surface, first cutting surface with the second cutting surface is located every the downside of cutting tooth, first cutting surface is kept away from one side of file body forms first cutting sword, the second cutting surface is kept away from one side of file body forms second cutting sword, first cutting surface with the crossing department of second cutting surface with form the third cutting sword between the file body, first cutting sword, second cutting sword and third cutting sword form the prong of outstanding cutting tooth.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, insert the pulp cavity file in the pulp cavity to strike the pulp cavity file in the pulp cavity through the smooth hammer, the prong of cutting tooth will carry out the file to the pulp cavity, then along with the continuous insertion of file body, first cutting edge, second cutting edge and third cutting edge will carry out the file to the pulp cavity inner wall simultaneously. The medullary cavity is reamed by the plurality of cutting teeth simultaneously, the contact area with the medullary cavity is increased, when cortical bone is hard, the tooth tops of the cutting teeth are the intersection points of the first cutting edge, the second cutting edge and the third cutting edge and are very sharp, so that the inner wall of the medullary cavity can be rubbed off, the filing area is gradually increased, the medullary reaming efficiency is higher, and the accidents of femoral cracking and the like caused by forced medullary reaming are reduced. The consumption of a large amount of physical strength of doctors is reduced, and the difficulty and the risk of the operation are reduced.

Optionally, an included angle between the first cutting surface and the second cutting surface is an obtuse angle, and the opening of the obtuse angle faces upwards.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when filing to the pulp cavity, the prong of cutting tooth will be earlier with the contact of pulp cavity inner wall, then along with the gradual insertion of file body, first cutting edge and second cutting edge on first cutting surface and the second cutting surface will crescent with the area of contact in pulp cavity, and the cutting is more smooth and easy.

Optionally, the obtuse angle is 120 degrees.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cutting lengths of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge can be increased as much as possible on the basis of realizing progressive cutting.

Optionally, each of the cutting teeth is equally spaced.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, every cutting tooth equidistant distribution, the atress is more even.

Optionally, a supporting surface is formed between the tooth tip of each cutting tooth and the file body, and the supporting surface is located on the upper side of the cutting tooth.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the holding surface can support the cutting tooth, increases the bearing strength of cutting tooth.

Optionally, the third cutting edges of two adjacent cutting teeth are on the same straight line.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can carry out progressive filing many times to same position, the filing efficiency is higher.

Optionally, two adjacent cutting teeth are arranged in parallel.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cutting teeth can be arranged on the same vertical surface as much as possible.

Optionally, two adjacent cutting teeth on the same horizontal plane are arranged side by side.

By adopting the technical scheme, a plurality of cutting teeth can be arranged on the same horizontal plane as much as possible.

Optionally, the cutting teeth of two adjacent rows and/or two adjacent columns are arranged in a staggered manner.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cutting teeth in two adjacent rows can be used for filing the same region alternately, and the filing efficiency is higher.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the tooth tips formed among the first cutting edge, the second cutting edge and the third cutting edge enable the file body to be in point contact with the medullary cavity when filing the medullary cavity, then the contact area is gradually increased, gradual filing is achieved, and the medullary expanding efficiency is greatly improved; compared with the traditional medullary cavity file, the medullary cavity file is sharper, the medullary cavity is treated more quickly, and the physical consumption of doctors is reduced; the medullary cavity treated by the medullary cavity file is more inosculated with the femoral stem prosthesis, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty and risk of the operation and providing better postoperative life for the patient;

2. the equidistant arrangement of the cutting teeth enables the stress area of each cutting tooth to be more uniform.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cutting tooth structure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic left-side sectional view in fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a file body; 12. cutting teeth; 121. a first cutting surface; 122. a second cut surface; 123. a first cutting edge; 124. a second cutting edge; 125. a third cutting edge; 126. a support surface; 2. a handle.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.

The embodiment of the application discloses a novel hip joint medullary cavity file. Referring to fig. 1, the novel hip joint intramedullary canal file comprises a file body 1 which is vertically arranged and a handle 2 which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the file body 1, wherein the handle 2 can be fixed on the file body 1 in a welding mode; the handle 2 can also be integrally formed with the file body 1, so that the existence of a welding seam is avoided, and the influence of the welding seam on the subsequent reaming work is also avoided.

The shape of the file body 1 is consistent with that of a femoral stem prosthesis, the sectional dimension of the file body gradually increases from one end far away from the handle 2 to one end close to the handle 2, so that when the medullary cavity is reamed, the small end of the file body 1 can be smoothly inserted into the medullary cavity, and then the purpose of gradual reaming is realized along with the gradual insertion of the medullary cavity file, and the reaming is more smooth.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of cutting teeth 12 are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the rasp body 1, each cutting tooth 12 has a first cutting surface 121 and a second cutting surface 122, wherein the first cutting surface 121 and the second cutting surface 122 are located on the lower side of each cutting tooth 12, such that a side of the first cutting surface 121 away from the rasp body 1 forms a first cutting edge 123, a side of the second cutting surface 122 away from the rasp body 1 forms a second cutting edge 124, a third cutting edge 125 is formed at the intersection of the first cutting surface 121 and the second cutting surface 122, and the third cutting edge 125 is arranged approximately perpendicular to the rasp body 1. Referring to fig. 3, of course, the third cutting edge 125 may be inclined with respect to the file body 1 such that the third cutting edge 125 and the file body 1 form an angle with a downward opening, and the angle may be an acute angle, a right angle, or an obtuse angle. Wherein the intersection of the first cutting edge 123, the second cutting edge 124 and the third cutting edge 125 forms the tooth tip of the protruding cutting tooth 11. When the file body 1 is inserted into the medullary cavity for reaming, the tips of the cutting teeth 11 will contact with the inner wall of the medullary cavity and slide out of a gap, and then the first cutting edge 123, the second cutting edge 124 and the third cutting edge 125 will cut the inner wall of the medullary cavity simultaneously with the continuous insertion of the file body 1, thereby filing the inner wall of the medullary cavity and completing the reaming.

Referring to fig. 2, an included angle between the first cutting surface 121 and the second cutting surface 122 is an obtuse angle, specifically, the included angle is 120 degrees, and the opening faces upward, so that when the reaming operation is performed, the inner wall of the medullary cavity is gradually cut off by the first cutting edge 123 and the second cutting edge 124 along the inclination of the first cutting surface 121 and the second cutting surface 122, and the cutting is smoother.

Referring to fig. 2, each cutting tooth 12 is equally spaced.

Specifically, the plurality of cutting teeth 12 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction, and a supporting surface 126 for supporting the first cutting surface 121 and the second cutting surface 122 is provided on the upper side of each cutting tooth 12, and one end of the supporting surface 126 is connected to the first cutting edge 123 and the second cutting edge 124, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the rasp body 1. When the inner wall of the medullary cavity is subjected to the reaming operation, the supporting surface 126 can support the first cutting surface 121 and the second cutting surface 122, so that the overall strength of the cutting tooth 12 is increased. The support surface 126 may be diamond-shaped, fan-shaped or other shapes, as long as the support surface 126 gradually decreases in height from the end close to the tip of the cutting tooth 12 to the end far from the tip of the cutting tooth 12. It should be noted that, when the supporting surface 126 is in the shape of a sector, the first cutting edge 123 and the second cutting edge 124 are respectively in two radii of the sector, an included angle between the first cutting edge 123 and the second cutting edge 124 is a sector angle, and one end of the supporting surface 126 away from the tooth height is in an arc shape and is directly connected with the outer wall of the rasp body 1, which is described in this application by taking the supporting surface 126 as a diamond as an example.

Of course, the supporting surface 126 may be a whole plane, and the supporting surface 126 may also be a combination of a plurality of surfaces, and referring to fig. 2, the supporting surface 126 in this application is a rhombus shape formed by connecting two isosceles triangles.

Referring to fig. 2, the third cutting edges 125 of two adjacent cutting teeth 12 are on the same vertical straight line, so that when the file body 1 is inserted into the medullary cavity, the plurality of cutting teeth 12 on the same vertical straight line gradually file the same position of the inner wall of the medullary cavity, and the filing efficiency is higher. And two adjacent cutting teeth 12 are arranged side by side, specifically, the third cutting edge 125 of the upper cutting tooth 12 is abutted against one end, far away from the tooth height, of the supporting surface 126 of the lower cutting tooth 12, so that the cutting teeth 12 can be arranged on the surface of the file body 1 as many as possible, and the filing efficiency is higher.

The plurality of cutting teeth 12 are also distributed at equal intervals in the horizontal direction, and the third cutting edges 125 of two adjacent cutting teeth 12 on the left and right are on the same horizontal plane. And two adjacent cutting teeth 12 on the left and right are arranged side by side, specifically, in two adjacent cutting teeth 12 on the left and right, one end of the first cutting edge 123 far away from the tooth height on one cutting tooth 12 is abutted against one end of the second cutting edge 124 far away from the tooth height on the other cutting tooth 12, so that as many cutting teeth 12 as possible can be arranged on the same horizontal plane of the file body 1 for filing the medullary cavity, and the filing efficiency is greatly improved.

The equally spaced cutting teeth 12 also provide that the first cutting edges 123 on each cutting tooth 12 are parallel to each other, the second cutting edges 124 on each cutting tooth 12 are parallel to each other, and the third cutting edges 125 on each cutting tooth 12 are parallel to each other, providing a more uniform force.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the cutting teeth 12 of two adjacent rows and/or two adjacent columns are arranged on the rasp body 1 in a staggered manner, and the adjacent two rows and/or two adjacent columns of cutting teeth 12 are partially overlapped, so that the number of the cutting teeth 12 can be increased as much as possible, and the overlapped parts of the adjacent two rows and/or two adjacent columns of cutting teeth 12 can alternatively rasp the same area, thereby greatly improving the rasping efficiency.

The cutting teeth 12 on the file body 1 are integrally arranged with the file body 1, and the specific cutting teeth can be formed by grinding or injection molding, 3D printing or cutting. It can be noted that when the cutting teeth 12 are formed by cutting, specifically, a left-handed burr is spirally formed at one end of the file body 1 toward the other end of the file body 1; one end of the file body 1 is spirally provided with a right-handed file pattern towards the other end of the file body 1, and the cutting teeth 12 are formed by intersecting a plurality of left-handed file patterns and a plurality of right-handed file patterns. Of course, the left-handed rasp and the right-handed rasp can be arranged along the circumference of the rasp body 1, so that the number of the formed cutting teeth 12 is more, and the rasp efficiency is higher.

The implementation principle of the novel hip joint medullary cavity file provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the reaming is needed, the twisting handle is directly connected with the handle 2, then one end of the file body 1 far away from the handle 2 is inserted into the medullary cavity, then one end of the twisting handle far away from the handle 2 is knocked by the sliding hammer to push the file body 1 to slide into the medullary cavity, the tooth tip and the third cutting edge 125 of the cutting tooth 12 file the inner wall of the medullary cavity so as to file a notch, then the first cutting edge 123 and the second cutting edge 124 cut the inner wall of the medullary cavity from the notch, and scraps on the inner wall of the medullary cavity are thoroughly cut along the slopes of the first cutting surface 121 and the second cutting surface 122 until the reaming is completed. When filing the pulp cavity in the application, the tooth tip of the cutting tooth 12 is contacted with the inner wall of the pulp cavity, so that the cutting tooth 12 is sharper, and the pulp cavity is treated more quickly. Then, as the rasp body 1 is gradually inserted, the first cutting edge 123, the second cutting edge 124 and the third cutting edge 125 are also gradually contacted with the inner wall of the medullary cavity, so that the rasping area is gradually increased from the tooth tip to the periphery during rasping, the rasping efficiency is higher, and the great consumption of the physical strength of a doctor is reduced. After the file body 1 is completely inserted, the staff extracts the file body 1 from the medullary cavity, replaces a large medullary cavity file, repeats the work until the final filed medullary cavity is slightly smaller than the femoral stem prosthesis, and then can directly install the femoral stem prosthesis into the medullary cavity to complete the medullary cavity reaming work.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a novel hip joint pulp cavity file, includes vertical file body (1) of placing, its characterized in that: the cutting tooth structure is characterized in that a plurality of cutting teeth (12) are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the file body (1), each cutting tooth (12) is provided with a first cutting surface (121) and a second cutting surface (122), the first cutting surface (121) and the second cutting surface (122) are located on the lower side of each cutting tooth (12), a first cutting edge (123) is formed on one side, away from the file body (1), of the first cutting surface (121), a second cutting edge (124) is formed on one side, away from the file body (1), of the second cutting surface (122), a third cutting edge (125) is formed between the intersection of the first cutting surface (121) and the second cutting surface (122) and the file body (1), and the first cutting edge (123), the second cutting edge (124) and the third cutting edge (125) form tooth tips of the protruding cutting tooth (12).

2. The novel hip intramedullary canal file of claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the first cutting surface (121) and the second cutting surface (122) is an obtuse angle, and the opening of the obtuse angle faces upwards.

3. The novel hip intramedullary canal file of claim 2, wherein: the obtuse angle is 120 degrees.

4. The novel hip intramedullary canal file of claim 1, wherein: each cutting tooth (12) is distributed at equal intervals.

5. The novel hip intramedullary canal file of claim 4, wherein: a supporting surface (126) is formed between the tooth tip of each cutting tooth (12) and the file body (1), and the supporting surface (126) is positioned on the upper side of the cutting tooth (12).

6. The novel hip intramedullary canal file of claim 5, wherein: the third cutting edges (125) of two adjacent cutting teeth (12) are on the same straight line.

7. The novel hip intramedullary canal file of claim 6, wherein: two adjacent cutting teeth (12) are arranged in parallel.

8. The novel hip intramedullary canal file of claim 7, wherein: two adjacent cutting teeth (12) on the same horizontal plane are arranged side by side.

9. The novel hip intramedullary canal file of claim 8, wherein: the cutting teeth (12) of two adjacent rows and/or two adjacent columns are arranged in a staggered manner.