CN1121545C - Safety drilling prevention automatic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a safety drilling prevention automatic device. Oil derricks for geology and petroleum exploration are 45 meters and 75 meters, and the loading capacity of an overhead crane is 500 tons. The overhead crane and a traveling block can be abraded in drilling wells for a long term, and careless driller operation for seconds can result in serious accidents. The traditional method for preventing the accident of overhead crane falling down is realized by that when the traveling block rises to a position 3 to 4 meters from the overhead crane, the traveling block is automatically stopped in an instant time. The technology of the present invention adopts electric signals and uses an electromagnet and a permanent magnet new technology to prevent the overhead crane from falling down so as to stop the traveling block. The present invention can forecast well blowout of petroleum and natural gas. A special-made detecting head can output the electric signals and make optical alarm so as to prevent well blowout and fire hazard in advance, and thus, personnel safety can be ensured. The present invention can automatically measure the value of full hydrocarbon, methane, heavy hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon in an oil layer and a gas layer, and the value is input into a disc. The present invention plays the role of finding oil fields and gas fields.

Description

The safety drilling device of automatically pre-anticollision overhead traveling crane

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of oil drilling fixture, is a kind of automaton on the rig.

Background technology

In petroleum drilling engineering, be on the crown sheave that relies on the derrick upper end, the travelling block, hook and cylinder, wire rope remove drilling rod.On travelling block, carry drilling rod, during near crown sheave, must in time stop, otherwise can collide, have an accident.Though a kind of photoelectric tube technology is arranged at present, be installed in the place of close overhead traveling crane on the Drilling derrick, when utilizing travelling block to pass through it, the light that the blocking photoelectric tube sends, by the signal of telecommunication, the workman of operation rig in time brakes, and makes travelling block stop to rise.Because rig vibration is big, electric elements are worked under adverse circumstances for a long time, and regular meeting damages, and makes this method malfunctioning, and reliability is relatively poor, can not stop at crucial moment, still can have an accident.Also have the method for a kind of use " air feeding apparatus " to check the drilling well cylinder, it is the seizing wire that utilizes 5 millimeters of diameters, one end is fixed on the derrick, the other end hangs on the rig cylinder iron tyre of " often opening air feeding apparatus ", pull the hook on the iron tyre when travelling block rises, iron tyre is taken off, and high pressure gas enters in the brake cylinder, check the drilling well cylinder, travelling block is stopped.The weak point of this method is, mechanical action is too slow, and institute is must the time long, can not in time brake, and poor reliability can not fundamentally solve the accident generation that overhead traveling crane is bumped on the travelling block top.In the country of foreign oil drilling prosperity, fundamentally do not solve the accident generation that the overhead traveling crane that collapses is pushed up in drilling well yet.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to design a kind of safety drilling device of automatically pre-anticollision overhead traveling crane reliably, utilize it that the rig cylinder is stopped, the accident of the overhead traveling crane of avoiding bumping guarantees drilling equipment and personal safety.

Technical solution of the present invention is to realize like this, a kind of safety drilling device of automatically pre-anticollision overhead traveling crane, its special character is, the rotating speed wheel is installed in the side of crown sheave on the Drilling derrick, the axle of rotating speed wheel and selsyn connects mutually, crown sheave drives the rotating speed wheel and rotates, the axle that the rotating speed wheel drives the emission selsyn rotates, selsyn is connected with the reception selsyn by output lead, receives the selsyn driven gear and rotates, and the gear driven worm screw is rotated, worm screw drives worm gear and rotates, support plate moves with worm gear, and when travelling block rises to when crown sheave has only 4 meters, support plate touches microswitch, the instantaneous signal of telecommunication passes on the motor, the driven by motor wheel, prop up head and pole and rotate half-turn together, permanent magnet changes direction, loses the attraction to iron plate, iron plate is left behind by the weight body, move brake lever to position A2 from position A1 with the wire rope that iron plate links together, the rig cylinder stops operating, and then travelling block stops to rise.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, when (1) promotes travelling block in drilling engineering, can realize the rig cylinder is all stopped automatically in moment, reach the purpose that travelling block is stopped, can prevent effectively that travelling block from pushing up the accident generation of the overhead traveling crane that collapses, accurately and reliably, easy to install.(2) this device is suitable for working under the severe environmental conditions, and no matter how poor field condition is, can guarantee the rig safe operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is total figure of structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a principle assumption diagram of the present invention, i.e. part enlarged drawing among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the alternating electromagnet control brake lever among the present invention.

Fig. 4 is two electric wire contact-making switch schematic diagrames.

Fig. 5 is that rotating speed is taken turns 3 scheme of installations.

Fig. 6 is Drilling derrick and travelling block schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 is drilling well panorama looks figure.

Fig. 8 is a permanent magnet jack principle effect reference diagram.

Each unit number among the figure: derrick 1 wheel 2 rotating speeds are taken turns 3 axles 4 emission selsyns 5 and are received selsyns 7 gears 8,9 numeration wheels, 10 worm screws, 11 snails and swing 12 handles, 13 support plates, 14 microswitches, 15 electric wires, 16 pull bars, 17 electromagnet, 18 clutches, 19 20 power lugs, 21 cables, 22 transformers, 24 weights, 25 iron plates, 26 permanent magnets, 27 steel wire ropes, 28 rig floors, 29 brake levers, 30 rig cylinders, 31 steel wire ropes, 32 motors and take turns 35 poles 36 for 33 34 and separate permanent magnetism line of force support plate 37 long fulcrum bars 38 pulleys 39 rigs 40 kelly bars 41 combination steel wire ropes 42 suspenders 43 travelling blocks 44 positions 45 iron staffs, 47 electromagnet, 48 wires, 49 screws, 50 fixed supports 51

The specific embodiment

Manufacture one and transmit rotating speed wheel 3, rotating speed wheel 3 is installed on the optional suitable position, crown sheave 2 sides of derrick 1.Rotating speed wheel 3 is connected on the axle 4 of emission selsyn 5, crown sheave 2 rotates, driving rotating speed wheel 3 rotates, the axle 4 that rotating speed wheel 3 drives emission selsyn 5 rotates, emission selsyn 5 usefulness 5 core cables 22 are connected on the cable adapter 21 that receives selsyn 7 by transformer 24, make two selsyns 5,7 and crown sheave 2 run-in synchronisms.According to the height of drilling derrick, determine the gearratio of gear 8, gear 9, gear 9 is 1: 1 with the gearratio of selsyn 7, worm gear 12 is determined with derrick height with the gearratio of worm screw 11.Two selsyn 5,7 synchronous operations, selsyn 7 rotation driven gears 9 rotate equal angular.Two gears 8,9 can change gearratio arbitrarily, adopting selsyn 7 among the present invention is 11 with the gearratio of gear 8,9, and numeration wheel 10 is installed on the worm screw 11, and gear 8 drives worm screw 11 and rotates, worm screw 11 drives worm gear 12 and rotates, and the support plate 14 that is installed on the worm gear 12 is followed the worm gear motion.During use, earlier draw back clutch 19 by pull bar 17 with electromagnet 18, leave the axle of selsyn 7, regulate the handle 13 on the worm screw 11 again, support plate 14 and microswitch 15 on the adjustment worm gear 12, make microswitch 15 moving positions, corresponding with the position on the derrick 1 45, fix microswitch 15 then.Therefore ad hoc meter makes microswitch 15 both movable, can fix securely again.When the support plate on the worm gear 12 14 presses microswitch 15, the microswitch signal of telecommunication passes to motor 33, motor 33 rotating band driving wheels 35,34, pole 36 are rotated half-turn together, make permanent magnet 27 change direction, lose the magnetic force that attracts iron plate 26, iron plate 26 is left behind by weight 25, left behind simultaneously with the wire rope 28 that iron plate links together, then brake lever 30 is pulled to an A2 from position A1 and puts, and rig cylinder 31 stops operating, and travelling block 44 also just stops to have risen.

For adapting to the situation that does not have electricity in the well site, it is 10 millimeters wire rope 32 that position 45 places of ad hoc meter below crown sheave 2 pass across a diameter, the termination that is attached to long fulcrum bar 38 by pulley 39 fixes, when travelling block 44 rises to position 45, travelling block 44 must be answered back to wire rope 32,32 pullings of wire rope long fulcrum bar 38 moves up, when mobile half-turn, make permanent magnet 27 change magnetic line of force direction, lose the magnetic force that attracts iron plate 26, iron plate 26 is moved brake lever 30 to the A2 position from the A1 position by the wire rope 28 that weight 25 is left behind and iron plate 26 links together, and cylinder 31 is stopped operating.

Can also adopt the way that the gas circuit in the cylinder is cut off in addition, high speed gas circuit and low speed gas circuit are all exitted, not have air pressure in the gas circuit, can't drive cylinder, travelling block also promptly stops to rise, and the accident of promptly having prevented to push up the crown sheave 2 that collapses takes place.In order to ensure the accident that can not push up the overhead traveling crane that collapses, also can take following preventive action, promptly when travelling block rises to the position 45 of derrick 1, cylinder 31 is stopped automatically, design has the support plate 14 on the worm gear 12 to press microswitch 15,15A for this reason, makes the signal of telecommunication pass to motor 33, electromagnet 48, makes electromagnet 48 energisings, in moment, move brake lever 30 to position A2 from position A1, cylinder 31 is stopped operating.

For guaranteeing to prevent to push up the crown sheave 2 that collapses, two electric wire contact-making switch 15D can also be set at 45 places, position of derrick 1, as long as travelling block rises to herein, contact-making switch 15D two contactings, moment, the signal of telecommunication passed to motor 33, or pass on the electromagnet 48, can in 1 second, make brake lever 30 from position A1 to position A2, reach moment the collapse accident of overhead traveling crane of prevention top and take place.

Claims (1)

1. automatic safety drilling device of pre-anticollision overhead traveling crane, it is characterized in that: rotating speed wheel (3) is installed in the side that Drilling derrick (1) is gone up crown sheave (2), the axle (4) of rotating speed wheel (3) and selsyn (5) connects mutually, crown sheave (2) drives rotating speed wheel (3) and rotates, the axle (4) that rotating speed wheel (3) drives emission selsyn (5) rotates, selsyn (5) is gone up output lead (22) and is accepted selsyn (7) and is connected, receive selsyn (7) driven gear (9,8) rotate, gear (8) drives worm screw (11) and rotates, worm screw (11) drives worm gear (12) and rotates, support plate (14) moves with worm gear (12), when travelling block (44) rises to when crown sheave (2) has only 4 meters, support plate (14) touches microswitch (15), the instantaneous signal of telecommunication passes on the motor (33), motor (33) driven wheel (35), prop up head (34) and pole (36) and rotate half-turn together, permanent magnet (27) changes direction, lose attraction to iron plate (26), iron plate (26) is left behind by weight body (25), move brake lever (30) to position A2 from position A1 with the wire rope (28) that iron plate links together, rig cylinder (31) stops operating, and then travelling block (44) stops to rise.

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