CN112147623A - Multi-region ranging method and system based on chaotic polarization radar - Google Patents

Multi-region ranging method and system based on chaotic polarization radar Download PDF

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CN112147623A
CN112147623A CN202010917278.0A CN202010917278A CN112147623A CN 112147623 A CN112147623 A CN 112147623A CN 202010917278 A CN202010917278 A CN 202010917278A CN 112147623 A CN112147623 A CN 112147623A
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signal
current signal
polarization
detection
ranging
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CN112147623B (en
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钟东洲
曾能
杨华
徐喆
杨广泽
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Wuyi University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/006—Theoretical aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4818—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements using optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/499—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00 using polarisation effects

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-region ranging method and a multi-region ranging system based on a chaotic polarization radar, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam; wherein the polarization component beam comprises an x-polarization component beam and a y-polarization component beam; the polarization component light beam is divided into a reference signal and a detection signal by an optical fiber polarization beam splitter; the reference signal and the detection signal sequentially pass through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module to respectively obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal; generating a position vector of a first ranging target by the reference current signal and the detection current signal through a calculation module; the calculation module comprises: a correlation function calculating module and a target ranging calculating module. The method has the advantages of stability, high ranging resolution, strong anti-noise performance, low relative error required for measuring multi-region target position vectors in complex shapes, and great potential for intelligent precision machining and quality detection of targets in complex shapes.

Description

Multi-region ranging method and system based on chaotic polarization radar
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of textile sorting, in particular to a multi-region distance measuring method and system based on a chaotic polarization radar.
Background
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the laser radar is expected to realize the following functions by sensing the surrounding environment: accurate target ranging, high-quality 3D imaging, target tracking and identification, automatic positioning and mapping.
Currently, most lidar ranging schemes use pulsed lasers and continuous wave lasers as light sources to obtain better signal-to-noise ratios and measurement ranges. However, radar ranging based on pulse lasers and continuous wave lasers has the disadvantages of low resolution, high interception probability, weak anti-interference capability, high cost and the like.
Chaotic Lidar (CLR) based ranging, which is generated by using nonlinear dynamics of semiconductors with optical feedback or optical injection, has many advantages such as low interception probability, strong interference rejection and low cost, compared to ranging using pulsed and continuous wave lasers. Furthermore, it has high resolution at the same time thanks to the wide bandwidth of the optical chaos. Finally, due to the sensitivity of the chaotic radar to laser parameters, it is easy to generate and control.
First, however, the resolution of CLR ranging is largely limited by the bandwidth of the chaotic laser, and further improvements in ranging resolution require ultra-fast chaotic lasers with large modulation bandwidths. Secondly, in the current CLR ranging work, a measured target plane is smooth and flat, the CLR is usually used for a fixed point in a target, and the CLR is difficult to be applied to intelligent precision machining and quality detection of the target with a complex shape; the CLR ranging scheme and method cannot completely detect the distances of different areas of the target and are not suitable for accurate ranging of the whole area in the target with a complex shape. Finally, the CLR based sounding waveform is not modulated before the target ranging, which reduces the resolution and accuracy of the target ranging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-region ranging method and a multi-region ranging system based on a chaotic polarization radar, which realize accurate ranging of a plurality of regions of two targets with complex shapes by utilizing two chaotic polarization waveforms modulated by random noise.
One embodiment of the invention provides a multi-region ranging method based on a chaotic polarization radar, which comprises the following steps:
the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam; wherein the polarization component beam comprises an x-polarization component beam and a y-polarization component beam;
the polarization component light beam is divided into a reference signal and a detection signal through an optical fiber polarization beam splitter;
the reference signal and the detection signal respectively pass through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module in sequence to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal;
the reference current signal and the detection current signal generate a position vector of a first ranging target through a calculation module; the calculation module comprises: a correlation function calculating module and a target ranging calculating module.
Further, the reference signal and the detection signal respectively pass through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module in sequence to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal, and the method includes:
the detection signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar detection waveform through a first optical fiber beam splitter;
the chaotic radar detection waveform passes through a signal processing module to obtain an incident light current signal; wherein the signal processing module comprises: the device comprises a first noise modulator, a first signal converter, a signal amplifier and a signal transmitter;
the incident light current signal is transmitted to the first ranging target, and an emergent light current signal is obtained through optical reaction; wherein the optical reaction comprises: reflection and/or scattering;
and the emergent photocurrent signal sequentially passes through a signal receiver and a signal amplifier to obtain a detection current signal.
Further, the reference signal and the detection signal respectively pass through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module in sequence to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal, and the method further includes:
the reference signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar reference waveform through a second optical fiber beam splitter;
the reference waveform of the chaotic radar passes through a signal processing module to obtain a reference current signal; the signal processing module includes: a second noise modulator, a second signal converter.
Further, the reference current signal and the detection current signal calculation module generates a position vector of the first ranging target, including:
calculating the signal correlation of the reference current signal and the detection current signal through a correlation function calculation module;
and generating a position vector of the first ranging target through a target ranging calculation module and the signal correlation.
Further, the beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component beam, including:
the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser generates a light beam which propagates in a single direction through an optical isolator;
the unidirectionally propagating light beam is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-zone ranging system based on a chaotic polarization radar, including:
the polarization controller splitting module is used for splitting the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser through the polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam; wherein the polarization component beam comprises an x-polarization component beam and a y-polarization component beam;
the optical fiber polarization beam splitter segmentation module is used for dividing the polarization component light beam into a reference signal and a detection signal through the optical fiber polarization beam splitter;
the reference current signal and detection current signal acquisition module is used for respectively passing through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module by the reference signal and the detection signal to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal;
the position vector calculation module is used for generating a position vector of a first ranging target by the reference current signal and the detection current signal through the calculation module; the calculation module comprises: a correlation function calculating module and a target ranging calculating module.
Further, the reference current signal and detection current signal obtaining module includes: a detection current signal acquisition submodule for:
the detection signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar detection waveform through a first optical fiber beam splitter;
the chaotic radar detection waveform passes through a signal processing module to obtain an incident light current signal; wherein the signal processing module comprises: the device comprises a first noise modulator, a first signal converter, a signal amplifier and a signal transmitter;
the incident light current signal is transmitted to the first ranging target, and an emergent light current signal is obtained through optical reaction; wherein the optical reaction comprises: reflection and/or scattering;
and the emergent photocurrent signal sequentially passes through a signal receiver and a signal amplifier to obtain a detection current signal.
Further, the reference current signal and detection current signal obtaining module further includes: a reference current signal acquisition submodule for:
the reference signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar reference waveform through a second optical fiber beam splitter;
the reference waveform of the chaotic radar passes through a signal processing module to obtain a reference current signal; the signal processing module includes: a second noise modulator, a second signal converter.
Further, the position vector calculation module is further configured to:
calculating the signal correlation of the reference current signal and the detection current signal through a correlation function calculation module;
and generating a position vector of the first ranging target through a target ranging calculation module and the signal correlation.
Further, the polarization controller splitting module is further configured to:
the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser generates a light beam which propagates in a single direction through an optical isolator;
the unidirectionally propagating light beam is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
one embodiment of the invention provides a multi-region ranging method based on a chaotic polarization radar, which comprises the following steps: the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam; wherein the polarization component beam comprises an x-polarization component beam and a y-polarization component beam; the polarization component light beam is divided into a reference signal and a detection signal through an optical fiber polarization beam splitter; the reference signal and the detection signal sequentially pass through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module to respectively obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal; the reference current signal and the detection current signal generate a position vector of a first ranging target through a calculation module; the calculation module comprises: a correlation function calculating module and a target ranging calculating module. The method has the advantages of stability, high ranging resolution, strong anti-noise performance, low relative error required for measuring multi-region target position vectors in complex shapes, and great potential for intelligent precision machining and quality detection of targets in complex shapes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a multi-region ranging method based on a chaotic polarization radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a multi-region ranging method based on a chaotic polarization radar according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for achieving accurate ranging of multiple areas of two complex shaped objects;
FIG. 4 is a geometric diagram of arbitrary small area ranging of complex shaped objects of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a time trace plot of a beam of light after noise modulation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a functional image of the beam dependence of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an image of the temporal and spatial dependence of the light beam of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a geometric diagram of ranging of a small area of a complex shaped target 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an image of a function of the temporal and spatial correlation of a received signal of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an image of the ranging resolution of the present invention as a function of noise level β;
fig. 11 is a diagram of an apparatus of a multi-region ranging system based on a chaotic polarization radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a diagram of an apparatus of a multi-area ranging system based on a chaotic polarization radar according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are for convenience of description only and are not intended as limitations on the order in which the steps are performed.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The term "and/or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
A first aspect.
Based on an optical injection optically pumped spin VCSEL, a new scheme for accurately ranging multiple regions in two targets with complex shapes is provided, and two chaotic polarization radars are modulated by using random noise. Here, the two modulated chaotic polarization radars have the excellent characteristics of space-time independence and femtosecond dynamics. By utilizing the characteristics, the reflected multiple chaotic polarization detection waveforms with the time delay signals and the corresponding reference waveforms can be subjected to correlation calculation to realize accurate distance measurement of the position vectors of multiple areas of two complex-shaped targets. Further studies have shown that ranging to multiple small areas of the target has very low relative error, less than 0.23%. Their distance resolution is stable up to 0.2mm and they have excellent noise immunity. The accurate ranging of the multi-region small target is realized through the light injection optical pumping spin VCSEL, and a good prospect is provided for potential application in intelligent accurate processing and quality detection of the target with the complex shape.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-region ranging method based on a chaotic polarization radar, including:
s10, dividing the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser through a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam; wherein the polarization component beam comprises an x-polarization component beam and a y-polarization component beam.
And S20, dividing the polarization component beam into a reference signal and a detection signal through the optical fiber polarization beam splitter.
And S30, respectively passing the reference signal and the detection signal through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module in sequence to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal.
S40, generating a position vector of a first ranging target by the reference current signal and the detection current signal through a calculation module; the calculation module comprises: a correlation function calculating module and a target ranging calculating module.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the step S30 of obtaining the reference current signal and the detection current signal respectively sequentially through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module includes:
and S311, dividing the detection signal into at least one chaotic radar detection waveform through a first optical fiber beam splitter.
S312, the chaotic radar detection waveform passes through a signal processing module to obtain an incident light current signal; wherein the signal processing module comprises: the device comprises a first noise modulator, a first signal converter, a signal amplifier and a signal transmitter.
S313, the incident light current signal is transmitted to the first ranging target, and an emergent light current signal is obtained through optical reaction; wherein the optical reaction comprises: reflection and/or scattering.
And S314, the emergent photocurrent signal sequentially passes through a signal receiver and a signal amplifier to obtain a detection current signal.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the step S30 of obtaining the reference current signal and the detection current signal respectively sequentially through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module includes:
and S321, dividing the reference signal into at least one chaotic radar reference waveform through a second optical fiber beam splitter.
S322, the reference waveform of the chaotic radar passes through a signal processing module to obtain a reference current signal; the signal processing module includes: a second noise modulator, a second signal converter.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the step of generating the position vector of the first ranging target by the module for calculating the reference current signal and the detection current signal at S40 includes:
and S41, calculating the signal correlation of the reference current signal and the detection current signal through a correlation function calculation module.
And S42, generating a position vector of the first ranging target through a target ranging calculation module and the signal correlation.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the dividing, by the polarization controller, the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser at S10 to generate a polarization component light beam includes:
and S11, generating a one-way propagating light beam by the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser through an optical isolator.
And S12, dividing the light beam which propagates in the single direction by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, two chaotic polarization waveforms are used in an optical injection optically pumped spin VCSEL to achieve precise ranging of multiple regions of two complex-shaped targets. Wherein the DFB is a distributed feedback laser as an external light source. An Optical Isolator (OI) with subscripts 1-2 is used to ensure unidirectional propagation of the light waves. Neutral Density Filters (NDFs) are used to control the intensity of the injected optical field from the DFB. To ensure parallel injection of the polarized light of the DFB into the x-Polarization Components (PC) and y-PC of the optically pumped spin VCSEL, the polarized light from the DFB output needs to be split and adjusted into x-PC and y-PC by a polarization control optical Path (PCOC). In PCOC, switching between x-PC and y-PC is achieved by some passive devices, such as Fiber Polarizer (FP), Fiber Polarization Controller (FPCO), Fiber Depolarizer (FD), and Fiber Polarization Coupler (FPC). Target 1(T1) and target T2 are complex-shaped targets that are measured. The PD is a photodetector. AM is an amplitude modulator. EA is the electrical amplifier. TA and RA are transmit and receive antennas, respectively. The optical Fiber Polarization Beam Splitter (FPBS) divides the chaotic light wave generated by the optical injection into the optically pumped spin VCSEL into two PCs which are respectively defined as an x-polarization chaotic laser radar (XP-CLR) and a y-polarization chaotic laser radar (YP-CLR). The XP-CLR is further split into two light waves by a 1X 1 fiber splitter 1 (FBS 1). One of which is used as a Reference Signal (RS) and the other is used as a sounding signal (PS). For ease of discussion, they were named XP-CLR-RS and XP-CLR-PS, respectively. At the same time, FBS2 further splits YP-CLR into two beams, one for RS and the other for PS. They were named YP-CLR-RS and YP-CLR-PS, respectively.
For complex shaped targets T1XP-CLR-PS through 1 XN FBS1The chaotic radar detection waveform is divided into N beams, and random noise modulation is carried out by using AMs with subscripts of 11-1N in sequence. These modulated probe waveforms are converted to N beams of probe current signals by the PDSs, indexed 11-1N, and further amplified by EAs, indexed sequentially 11-1N. These amplified current signals are transmitted to T by TAs with subscript 11-1N1A plurality of regions of (a). In quilt T1After they are reflected or scattered in multiple regions, they first have time-delayed information and then are RA-directed1Receive and are formed by EA2And (4) amplifying. XP-CLR-RS, on the other hand, is 1 XN FBS2Divided into N reference waveforms that are randomly noise modulated by AMs using subscripts 21-2N in order. These modulated reference waveforms are converted to N-beam reference current signals by PDs, which are in turn indexed 21-2N. The correlation between the probe current signal and its corresponding reference current signal can be calculated by using a Correlation Function Calculation Module (CFCM). By observing the time position of the maximum expected value of the correlation, T1The position vectors for the multiple regions may be further calculated using a Target Range Calculation Module (TRCM). Similarly, T can be obtained by TRCM2A position vector of the plurality of regions.
For a spin VCSEL, the left-and right-handed circular polarization components of the optical field can be re-expressed by orthogonal linear components as:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000111
wherein E is+And E-Complex amplitudes, E, of left and right circularly polarized components, respectivelyxAnd EyThe complex amplitudes of the two orthogonal linear components x-PC and y-PC, respectively. From equation (1), the four coupling rate equations for an optically injected optically pumped spin VCSEL can be shown as follows:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000112
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000113
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000114
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000115
where the subscripts x and y represent x-PC and y-PC, respectively. The circularly polarized field components are coupled by crystal birefringence at a rate of gammapAnd dichroism gammaaIs characterized in that. The normalized carrier variables M and n of equations (2) - (5) are defined as M ═ n++n-)/2and n＝(n+-n-) A/2, wherein n+And n-The corresponding normalized densities of spin-down and spin-up electrons, respectively. k is the cavity decay rate and a is the linewidth gain factor. γ is an electron density decay rate. Gamma raysIs the spin relaxation rate. η is the total normalized pump power. P is pump polarization ellipseThe roundness rate. k is a radical ofxinjAnd kyinjThe external injection strength of x-PC and y-PC, respectively; β is the spontaneous scattering coefficient, also called noise intensity. Xi1And xi2Are all independent white Gaussian noise with a mean of 0 and a variance of 1, wherein
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000121
Δ ω is the frequency detuning between the center frequency of the DFB and the reference frequency of the spin VCSEL.
As shown in FIG. 4, T can be detected by using N beams of chaotic polarized radar probe waves simultaneously1Or T2Any one of the small regions. After reflection or scattering at the target, the N-beam chaotic polarization radar detection waveforms with different delays are simultaneously received by the RA. In this case, according to the theory of correlation, in order to easily detect the position vector of each small region, the N-beam XP-CLR-PSs and the N-beam YP-CLR-PSs need to satisfy temporal orthogonal uncorrelated and spatial orthogonal uncorrelated. To satisfy these conditions, the N-beam XP-CLR-PSs and the N-beam YP-CLR-PSs are modulated with random noise, namely:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000122
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000123
similarly, the N-beam XP-CLR-RSs and the N-beam YP-CLR-RSs are modulated with random noise, and are expressed as:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000124
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000125
wherein the subscripts 1 and 2 represent PS and RS, respectively,
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000126
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000127
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000128
and
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000129
the complex amplitudes of the jth XP-CLR-RSs and jth YP-CLR-RSs, respectively. In the same way, the method for preparing the composite material,
Figure RE-RE-GDA00027427557000001210
and
Figure RE-RE-GDA00027427557000001211
the complex amplitudes of the j-th XP-CLR-PSs and the j-th YP-CLR-PSs, respectively. ζ is random noise. By the equations (6) - (9), the N-beams XP-CLR-PSs or YP-CLR-PSs are orthogonal to each other and can be expressed in space as a cross-correlation:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000131
and
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000132
furthermore, the jth bundle of XP-CLR-PSs or of YP-CLR-PSs is uncorrelated at different times, expressed as a time autocorrelation:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000133
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000134
since the XP-CLR-RS and YP-CLR-RS are replicated samples of XP-CLR-PS and YP-CLR-PS, respectively, the XP-CLR-PS of the j-th beam and its corresponding reference signals are mutually orthogonal. Similarly, the j-th beam YP-CLR-PS and its corresponding reference signal can also be made orthogonal to each other. They are represented in space by the cross-correlation:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000135
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000136
the cross-correlation of the jth XP-CLR-PS with its corresponding reference signal in time and the cross-correlation of the jth YP-CLR-PS with its corresponding reference signal in time are expressed as:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000137
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000138
from equations (10) - (17), we can derive the correlation functions of the N-bundles XP-CLR-PSs and YP-CLR-PSs in time and space, respectively, as follows:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000139
Figure RE-RE-GDA00027427557000001310
the correlation function in time and space of the N-beam XP-CLR-PSs and their corresponding reference signals and the N-beam YP-CLR-PSs and their corresponding reference signals can be expressed as:
Figure RE-RE-GDA00027427557000001311
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000141
as shown in FIG. 4, we use the modulated N-beams XP-CLR-PSs and N-beams YP-CLR-PSs for detecting T1(T2) By RA, the target point (A) in the cell1(RA2) The reflected or scattered back signal is received. Thus, RA1And RA2Can be written as
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000142
Wherein, tau1,jAnd τ2,jAre respectively from TA1jTo RA1And from TA2jTo RA2Time delay of (2). Thus, according to equations (20) - (22), one can derive the values from RA1The cross-correlation function of the received signal and the jth beam XP-CLR-RS is
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000143
And obtaining a peptide from RA1The cross-correlation function of the received signal and the j-th beam YP-CLR-RS is
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000144
Wherein, TintIs the effective correlation time. Time delay tau1,jAnd τ2,jThe values corresponding to the maximum positions can be estimated, respectively, as follows
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000145
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000146
is the desired value. As shown in FIG. 4, the actual position vector of point A is represented as rAThe position vector of the jth XP-CLR-PS or the jth YP-CLR-PS to be measured is set as rAj. Transmitting antenna TA1jAnd TA2jAre set to r respectively1jAnd r2j. Receiving antenna RA1And RA2Is set to rr1And rr2. According to the geometric relation of the point A, we obtain
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000147
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000148
From equation (26), we can solve
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000149
An almost equal equation is solved for the position vector of point a. We take its mean as the exact position vector of point A, expressed as
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000151
TABLE 1 parameter values for a system under computation
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000152
The values of the parameters used for the following calculations are given in table 1. By means of the formulae (6) to (9), we have calculated
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000153
And
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000154
the time trace after modulation by random noise is shown in fig. 5. In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000155
and
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000156
respectively, a first XP-CLR-PS and a first YP-CLR-PS.
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000157
And
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000158
respectively, a first XP-CLR-RS beam and a first YP-CLR-RS beam. As can be seen from the view in figure 5,
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000159
and
Figure RE-RE-GDA00027427557000001510
the time tracks all present chaotic states and femtosecond-level rapid dynamic characteristics, which shows that XP-CLR-PS, YP-CLR-PS, XP-CLR-RS and YP-CLR-RS present chaotic time tracks with rapid dynamic characteristics. These modulated chaotic radar elements from either XP-CLR-PS or YP-CLR-PS satisfy temporal and spatial irrelevancy (see equations (10) - (13)). To understand their irrelevancy, we take as an example the 5 th XP-CLR-PS and the 5 th YP-CLR-PS to calculate their autocorrelation (T) at different timesPxAnd TPy) And cross-correlation (R) in spacePxAnd RPy) As shown in fig. 6.
From FIG. 6, we can know TPxAnd TPyThe maximum of (d) occurs at t-0. At T except that T is 0PxAnd TPyThe values at other times are almost all 0. RPxAnd RPyThe peak of (j) occurs at 5. At values of j other than 5, their valuesEqual to 0. The spatial and temporal evolution of the correlation function for the 10-bundle XP-CLR-PSs and the 10-bundle YP-CLR-PSs, according to companies (18) - (21), is represented in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b) as
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000161
And
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000162
FIG. 7(c) shows the temporal and spatial correlation of 10 XP-CLR-PSs with 10 XP-CLR-RSs
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000163
FIG. 7(c) shows the temporal and spatial correlation of the 10-beam YP-CLR-PSs with the 10-beam YP-CLR-RSs
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000164
As can be seen from fig. 7(a) and 7(b), for the nth bundle XP-CLR-PS,
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000165
the maximum of (a) occurs at t-0 and j-N (N-1, 2,3, …,10, the same below). For the Nth XP-CLR-PS
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000166
The maximum occurs at t-0 and j-N. As shown in FIG. 7(c), for the Nth XP-CLR-PS and the Nth XP-CLR-RS
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000167
The maximum occurs at t-0 and j-N. As can be seen from FIG. 7(d), for the Nth beam YP-CLR-PS and the Nth beam YP-CLR-RS
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000168
The maximum occurs at t-0 and j-N. These indicate that XP-CLR-PS and YP-CLR-PS have temporally and spatially uncorrelated characteristics. Similarly, the time-space irrelevancy of the N-beam XP-CLR-PSs and the corresponding reference signals and the time-space irrelevancy of the N-beam YP-CLR-PSs and the corresponding reference signals can be realized. According to the followingSpatial-temporal irrelevancy of (1) in order to obtain a complex-shaped target T1And T2The medium 12 small areas are taken as examples and their ranging is discussed.
As shown in FIG. 8, we present a complex shaped target T1And T2Ranging geometry for the medium 12 small regions. As can be seen from FIG. 8(a), T1The middle 12 small areas are defined as A1-A12Then, the position vector thereof is sequentially regarded as
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000169
By means of Transmitting Antennas (TA)1,1-TA1,10) The emitted 10 beams of XP-CLR-PSs are used for sequentially detecting the target A1-A12The distance of (c). The position vectors of these transmitting antennas are in turn assumed to be r1,1-r1,10. As shown in FIG. 8(b), T2Middle 12 small regions are defined as A'1-A’12Whose position vectors are in turn regarded as
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000171
By means of Transmitting Antennas (TA)2,1-TA2,10) The transmitted 10 beams of XP-CLR-PSs are used for sequentially detecting a 'target'1-A’12The distance of (c). The position vectors of these transmitting antennas are in turn assumed to be r2,1-r2,10. Furthermore, these Transmitting Antennas (TA)1,1-TA1,10And TA2,1-TA2,10) In a linear arrangement, the distance between the antennas is 0.5 m.
To verify the feasibility of ranging two groups of small regions of 10 targets, we assume target a1-A12Are respectively assumed to be
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000172
Target A'1-A’12Are respectively assumed to be
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000173
The values of these actual distances are given in table (3) and table (4). Two sets of Transmit Antennas (TA) are listed in Table 21,1-TA1,10And TA2,1-TA2,10) The position vector of (2). To further describe the accuracy of the small regions of the two sets of 12 targets, we introduced their relative errors as follows:
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000174
wherein j is 1,2,3, …, 12.
Two sets of measured position vectors of the target in 12 small regions can be obtained by equations (26) and (27). Two sets of delay times (tau)1,1-τ1,10And τ2,1-τ2,10) Can be calculated by applying the correlation CC given in equation (25)1And CC2The maximum expected value of (c) is obtained. Next, in a small area A1The ranging process is illustrated as an example. From RA1Including the received signal from TA1,1-TA1,1010-beam XP-CLR-PSs of transmitting antenna for detecting object A1We calculate the data from RA1And 10 bundles of XP-CLR-RSs are cross-correlated in time and space (CC)1,1-CC1,10) As shown in fig. 9 (b). It can be seen from the figure that the maximum expected value of the cross-correlation is located at 10 different time delays in turn. The 10 time delays can be derived from fig. 9(a) and 9 (c): tau is1＝34.149ns；τ2＝32.770ns；τ3＝31.443ns；τ4＝30.182ns；τ5＝29.004ns；τ6＝27.932ns；τ7＝ 26.994ns；τ8＝26.222ns；τ9＝25.652ns；τ1025.316 ns. Based on these time delays, we can obtain the accurate measured position vector of the target using equations (26) - (28)
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000181
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000182
In the same way, T can be obtained1Middle and remaining small area (A)2-A12) As shown in table 3. By the same approach, T can be calculated2Middle and small area (A'1-A’12) As shown in fig. 6. Therefore, we have T according to equation (29)1And T2Relative error for the medium 12 small area ranging as shown in tables 3 and 4. From tables 3 and 4 we can observe A1-A12The relative error of the range finding of the small target is between 0.04% and 0.23%. To region A'1-A’12The relative error of the hundreds range of 12 small targets is between 0 and 0.23%. These results show that multi-area ranging of two complex shaped targets has a small relative error, and is less than 0.23%.
TABLE 2 position vectors (TA) for two sets of transmitting radars1,1-TA1,10And TA2,1-TA2,10)
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000183
TABLE 3.T1Actual position vector of target in middle 12 small regions
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000184
And measured position vector
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000185
And their relative error.
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000186
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000191
TABLE 4.T2Actual position vector of target in middle 12 small regions
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000192
And measured position vector
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000193
And their relative error.
Figure RE-RE-GDA0002742755700000194
It is well known that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the correlation peak is commonly used to describe the ranging resolution. As shown in FIG. 9(d), CC1,1With a corresponding peak FWHM of 4/3ps and a ranging resolution of 0.2 mm. As can be seen from fig. 9(c), the correlation operation (CC)1,1-CC1,10) All FWHMs of (a) are 4/3ps, which means at T1All small targets A in (1)1-A12The resolution of the distance measurement can reach 0.2 mm. In a similar manner, at T2All Small target A 'of'1-A’12The distance measurement resolution can reach 0.2 mm. To observe the effect of two key parameters, injection intensity and noise intensity, on the ranging resolution, FIG. 10 shows the measured signal at injection intensity kxinj(kyinj.) And the noise intensity beta, for the object A1-A12And A'1-A’12The effect of the resolution of the range finding. It can be seen from the figure that their range resolution remains 0.2mm at all times and is independent of the injection and noise intensities. The result shows that by using two chaotic polarization radars modulated by random noise, the ranging of multiple areas of two complex-shaped targets can be realized, and the ranging resolution is as high as 0.2 mm. They also have excellent strong noise resistance.
In summary, we propose a novel scheme for accurately ranging multiple regions in two complex-shaped targets by optically injecting two chaotic polarization radars generated by optically pumping a spinning VCSEL, wherein the two chaotic polarization radars are modulated by random noise. The two modulation chaotic polarization radars have excellent characteristics of time-space independence, femtosecond-magnitude fast dynamic characteristics and the like. With these characteristics, delay times from multiple regions can be obtained by observing the time positions corresponding to the maximum expected values of cross-correlation between the chaotic polarization probing waveform and its corresponding reference waveform. Based on these delay times, position vectors of a plurality of regions in two complex-shaped targets can be accurately measured. The research result shows that the relative error of the range finding of the multi-area small target is very low and less than 0.23%. Their resolution is very stable, up to 0.2mm, and they have excellent strong noise resistance. Our proposed attractive advantages for ranging schemes for multiple area small targets are: the method has stable and high range resolution, strong anti-noise performance and low relative error required for measuring multi-region target position vectors in complex shapes. The distance measurement thought and method provided by the scheme has great potential for intelligent precision machining and quality detection of the target with the complex shape.
A second aspect.
Referring to fig. 11, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-area ranging system based on a chaotic polarization radar, including:
the polarization controller splitting module 10 is configured to split a light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser by using a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam; wherein the polarization component beam comprises an x-polarization component beam and a y-polarization component beam.
In a specific embodiment, the polarization controller splitting module 10 is further configured to:
the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser generates a light beam which propagates in a single direction through an optical isolator;
the unidirectionally propagating light beam is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam.
The fiber polarization beam splitter splitting module 20 is used for splitting the polarization component beam into a reference signal and a detection signal through the fiber polarization beam splitter.
The reference current signal and detection current signal obtaining module 30 is configured to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal by respectively passing the reference signal and the detection signal through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module.
The position vector calculation module 40 is configured to generate a position vector of the first ranging target through the reference current signal and the detection current signal via the calculation module; the calculation module comprises: a correlation function calculating module and a target ranging calculating module.
In a specific embodiment, the position vector calculating module 40 is further configured to:
calculating the signal correlation of the reference current signal and the detection current signal through a correlation function calculation module;
and generating a position vector of the first ranging target through a target ranging calculation module and the signal correlation.
Referring to fig. 12, in one embodiment, the reference current signal and the detection current signal obtaining module 30 includes: a detection current signal acquisition submodule 31 for:
the detection signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar detection waveform through a first optical fiber beam splitter;
the chaotic radar detection waveform passes through a signal processing module to obtain an incident light current signal; wherein the signal processing module comprises: the device comprises a first noise modulator, a first signal converter, a signal amplifier and a signal transmitter;
the incident light current signal is transmitted to the first ranging target, and an emergent light current signal is obtained through optical reaction; wherein the optical reaction comprises: reflection and/or scattering;
and the emergent photocurrent signal sequentially passes through a signal receiver and a signal amplifier to obtain a detection current signal.
Referring to fig. 12, in an embodiment, the reference current signal and detection current signal obtaining module 30 further includes: a reference current signal acquisition submodule 32 for:
the reference signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar reference waveform through a second optical fiber beam splitter;
the reference waveform of the chaotic radar passes through a signal processing module to obtain a reference current signal; the signal processing module includes: a second noise modulator, a second signal converter.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-region ranging method based on a chaotic polarization radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam; wherein the polarization component beam comprises an x-polarization component beam and a y-polarization component beam;
the polarization component light beam is divided into a reference signal and a detection signal through an optical fiber polarization beam splitter;
the reference signal and the detection signal respectively pass through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module in sequence to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal;
the reference current signal and the detection current signal generate a position vector of a first ranging target through a calculation module; the calculation module comprises: a correlation function calculating module and a target ranging calculating module.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference signal and the detection signal respectively pass through an optical fiber beam splitter and a signal processing module in sequence to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal, and the method comprises:
the detection signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar detection waveform through a first optical fiber beam splitter;
the chaotic radar detection waveform passes through a signal processing module to obtain an incident light current signal; wherein the signal processing module comprises: the device comprises a first noise modulator, a first signal converter, a signal amplifier and a signal transmitter;
the incident light current signal is transmitted to the first ranging target, and an emergent light current signal is obtained through optical reaction; wherein the optical reaction comprises: reflection and/or scattering;
and the emergent photocurrent signal sequentially passes through a signal receiver and a signal amplifier to obtain a detection current signal.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reference signal and the detection signal respectively pass through an optical fiber beam splitter and a signal processing module in sequence to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal, and further comprising:
the reference signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar reference waveform through a second optical fiber beam splitter;
the reference waveform of the chaotic radar passes through a signal processing module to obtain a reference current signal; the signal processing module includes: a second noise modulator, a second signal converter.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the position vector of the first ranging target by the module for calculating the reference current signal and the detection current signal comprises:
calculating the signal correlation of the reference current signal and the detection current signal through a correlation function calculation module;
and generating a position vector of the first ranging target through a target ranging calculation module and the signal correlation.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component beam, and the method comprises:
the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser generates a light beam which propagates in a single direction through an optical isolator;
the unidirectionally propagating light beam is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam.
6. A multi-region ranging system based on a chaotic polarization radar is characterized by comprising:
the polarization controller splitting module is used for splitting the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser through the polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam; wherein the polarization component beam comprises an x-polarization component beam and a y-polarization component beam;
the optical fiber polarization beam splitter segmentation module is used for dividing the polarization component light beam into a reference signal and a detection signal through the optical fiber polarization beam splitter;
the reference current signal and detection current signal acquisition module is used for respectively passing through the optical fiber beam splitter and the signal processing module by the reference signal and the detection signal to obtain a reference current signal and a detection current signal;
the position vector calculation module is used for generating a position vector of a first ranging target by the reference current signal and the detection current signal through the calculation module; the calculation module comprises: a correlation function calculating module and a target ranging calculating module.
7. The multi-region ranging system based on the chaotic polarization radar according to claim 6, wherein the reference current signal and detection current signal obtaining module comprises: a detection current signal acquisition submodule for:
the detection signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar detection waveform through a first optical fiber beam splitter;
the chaotic radar detection waveform passes through a signal processing module to obtain an incident light current signal; wherein the signal processing module comprises: the device comprises a first noise modulator, a first signal converter, a signal amplifier and a signal transmitter;
the incident light current signal is transmitted to the first ranging target, and an emergent light current signal is obtained through optical reaction; wherein the optical reaction comprises: reflection and/or scattering;
and the emergent photocurrent signal sequentially passes through a signal receiver and a signal amplifier to obtain a detection current signal.
8. The multi-region ranging system based on the chaotic polarization radar according to claim 6, wherein the reference current signal and detection current signal obtaining module further comprises: a reference current signal acquisition submodule for:
the reference signal is divided into at least one chaotic radar reference waveform through a second optical fiber beam splitter;
the reference waveform of the chaotic radar passes through a signal processing module to obtain a reference current signal; the signal processing module includes: a second noise modulator, a second signal converter.
9. The multi-region ranging system based on the chaotic polarization radar as claimed in claim 6, wherein the position vector calculation module is further configured to:
calculating the signal correlation of the reference current signal and the detection current signal through a correlation function calculation module;
and generating a position vector of the first ranging target through a target ranging calculation module and the signal correlation.
10. The multi-region ranging system based on the chaotic polarization radar according to claim 6, wherein the polarization controller segmentation module is further configured to:
the light beam emitted by the distributed feedback laser generates a light beam which propagates in a single direction through an optical isolator;
the unidirectionally propagating light beam is divided by a polarization controller to generate a polarization component light beam.
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