CN112145201A - Protection trolley and non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system building method - Google Patents
Protection trolley and non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system building method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112145201A CN112145201A CN202011146563.3A CN202011146563A CN112145201A CN 112145201 A CN112145201 A CN 112145201A CN 202011146563 A CN202011146563 A CN 202011146563A CN 112145201 A CN112145201 A CN 112145201A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
Abstract
The application relates to a protection trolley and a method for building a non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system, which comprises a rack, a walking assembly, a rockfall buffering assembly, a spraying assembly and a rock burst early warning system; the rockfall buffering assembly comprises an arch frame fixedly connected with the rack and a protective net fixedly arranged on the arch frame, at least two arch frames stretch across the rack, two ends of each arch frame are respectively positioned on two sides of the rack, two sides of the protective net are respectively connected with the two arch frames, and the protective net naturally collapses or closes towards the rack under the action of self weight; the spraying assembly comprises a small rail car connected with the rockfall buffering assembly and a spraying hose fixedly arranged on the small rail car, and the spraying hose sprays towards the surrounding rock; the rock burst early warning system comprises a thermosensitive infrared sensor for detecting the temperature of the surrounding rock and a high-sensitivity laser sensor for detecting the deformation of the surrounding rock. This application has the forecast rockburst that can be more accurate, quick and carries out the effect of protection to the staff when the rockburst takes place.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel excavation protection, in particular to a protection trolley and a non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system building method.
Background
Rock burst is the phenomenon that the stress of surrounding rocks is redistributed due to the influence of excavation unloading on rock masses, stress concentration and strain energy accumulation are generated near the tunnel wall, and further the surrounding rocks are randomly cracked, ejected and thrown out in space, and the phenomenon is very prominent particularly on the tunnel face, the tunnel vault and the tunnel shoulder of a deeply buried tunnel. Rock burst is used as a geological disaster, which not only can cause equipment loss, engineering failure and construction period delay, but also can greatly threaten the life safety of construction technicians, and has the characteristics of burstiness, randomness, harshness and the like. Therefore, in order to reduce the threat to constructors and construction equipment when a rock burst is in an emergency, it is important to design a protection system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively guarantee the construction process and the safety of personnel, the invention provides a protection trolley and a non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system. In order to provide effective protection to the staff, this application provides a protection platform truck.
The application provides a protection platform truck adopts following technical scheme:
a protection trolley comprises a rack, a walking assembly, a rockfall buffering assembly, a spraying assembly and a rock burst early warning system; the walking component is used as a power source for the movement of the rack and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rack; the rockfall buffer component comprises an arch frame fixedly connected with the frame and a protective net fixedly arranged on the arch frame; the rock burst early warning system comprises a thermosensitive infrared sensor for detecting the temperature of the surrounding rock and a high-sensitivity laser sensor for detecting the deformation of the surrounding rock.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rock fall buffering subassembly cooperation frame can accept the rock fall that the tunnel top dropped in the tunnel excavation process. The spray assembly can spray the excavated surrounding rock, and water sprayed on the surrounding rock by the spray assembly can soften hard surrounding rock with rock burst tendency. The walking assembly can be used for monitoring surrounding rocks by the aid of the sensor and the high-sensitivity laser sensor, and monitoring personnel can timely remind constructors of vigilance or evasion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a rack structure according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2 showing the bottom pole structure;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 2 showing the top pole structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a protective net structure according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the arch in the first embodiment;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion C of FIG. 5 showing the structure of the support plate;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion D of FIG. 6 showing the impact net structure;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the portion E of FIG. 1 showing the structure of the emergency evacuation assembly;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a shower assembly according to one embodiment;
reference numerals: 1. a top connection frame; 11. a long top rod; 12. a top short bar; 13. top part
Connecting blocks; 14. a top upright rod; 141. a top stiffener; 142. a top stiffener; 15. middle part is connected with
Connecting frames; 151. a middle long rod; 1522. a middle short bar; 153. a middle connecting block; 16. roof safety
A ladder; 161. a bottom safety ladder; 17. A bottom upright rod; 171. a bottom stiffener; 172. bottom reinforcement
A block; 18. a middle stiffener; 2. a protective net; 21. a shock-resistant mesh; 22. net-holding; 23. an arch frame; 231.
a top frame; 231. a chassis; 24. a holder; 241. a support plate; 242. a high-strength bolt; 243. wear-resistant
Sleeving; 244. a nut; 3. a frame; 31. a base plate; 4. a rock fall buffer assembly; 5. an auxiliary support device;
51. a hydraulic cylinder; 52. a butt joint plate; 53. a baffle plate; 6. a walking assembly; 7. a spray assembly; 71. spraying nozzle
A hose is drenched; 72. a rail trolley; 721. a motor; 722. a limiting plate; 7221. a side wing; 7222. master and slave
A body; 723. a moving wheel with teeth; 73. a connecting plate; 74. a slide rail; 741. a chute; 8. emergency refuge
An assembly; 81. a protection plate; 82. an oxygen supply device; 83. fixing the rod; 84. a hydraulic hinge; 85.
a soft cushion; 9. rotating the platform; 91. a heat-sensitive infrared sensor; 92. high-sensitivity laser sensor.
Detailed Description
Example (b): the utility model provides a protection platform truck, refers to fig. 1, including frame 3, 3 bottom fixed connection of frame have the bottom plate 31 of level setting, fixedly connected with drive frame 3 walking subassembly 6 that removes on the bottom surface of bottom plate 31, and walking subassembly 6 in this embodiment adopts step motor driven solid rubber wheel, and walking subassembly 6 has four and is the distribution state evenly distributed of four closed angles of rectangle. The bottom plate 31 on one side of the walking assembly 6 is fixedly connected with the vertically arranged auxiliary supporting devices 5, and one side of each walking assembly 6 is provided with only one auxiliary supporting device 5. And emergency refuge assemblies 8 are fixedly connected to both sides of the frame 3. The top end of the frame 3 is fixedly connected with an arched rockfall buffering component 4, and two ends of the rockfall buffering component 4 are respectively located at the two emergency refuge components 8. Fixedly connected with falls rock buffer unit 4 and the slide rail 74 of its profile adaptation, slide rail 74 has two and divides to locate the both sides of falling rock buffer unit 4, slides along its profile on slide rail 74 and is connected with spray set 7, spray set 7 include with slide rail 74 slide the small rail car 72 of being connected and set firmly spray hose 71 on small rail car 72, spray hose 71 sets up to protection network 2 dorsad to blow towards the country rock direction.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the rack 3 includes six bottom vertical rods 17 vertically arranged, the six bottom vertical rods 17 are symmetrically arranged in a group of three, the bottom vertical rods 17 are i-shaped steel vertically arranged, and the six bottom vertical rods 17 are distributed in a rectangular shape with two opposite sides. All set firmly the bottom stiffener 171 that the slope set up in a set of three bottom pole settings 17 on the bottom pole setting 17 that lies in both sides, the bottom of bottom stiffener 171 and the bottom parallel and level of bottom pole setting 17, two bottom stiffeners 171 on the same bottom pole setting 17 are the decurrent V word form setting of opening, the bottom pole setting 17 of I-steel form is connected with the inside fixedly connected with bottom stiffener 172 of recess of bottom stiffener 171 department, the bottom stiffener 172 and the one end fixed connection of bottom stiffener 171. The side wall of the bottom vertical rod 17 is fixedly connected with an obliquely arranged middle reinforcing rod 18, and the side wall of the bottom vertical rod 17 connected with the middle reinforcing rod 18 is perpendicular to the side wall thereof connected with the bottom reinforcing rod 171. The bottom end of the middle reinforcing rod 18 is located between the top end of the bottom reinforcing rod 171 and the bottom upright rod 17, and the top end is fixedly connected with a middle connecting frame 15 which is horizontally arranged. The middle connecting frame 15 comprises a middle long rod 151 connected to the top end of the bottom vertical rod 17 and a middle short rod 152 fixedly arranged between two adjacent middle long rods 151. All set firmly the emergency ladder on middle part carriage 15 and the top carriage 1, the extending direction of two emergency ladders is the contained angle setting, connects to be top emergency ladder 16 on top carriage 1, connects to be bottom emergency ladder 161 on middle part carriage 15, and top emergency ladder 16 all passes through bolted connection with frame 3 with bottom emergency ladder 161. Because detachable bolted connection between emergency ladder and the protection platform truck, can also change the quantity and the mounted position of emergency ladder certainly according to the operating mode, for example with the emergency ladder by the limit installation etc..
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the middle long rods 151 are three in number, and two ends of the three middle long rods 151 are respectively fixedly connected to the top ends of the six bottom vertical rods 17, the middle short rods 1522 are ten in number, and the ten middle short rods 1522 are uniformly distributed between two gaps formed by the three middle long rods 151 and form a net frame-shaped structure. Middle part stock 151 is the I-steel form, and middle part stock 151 is connected with middle part connecting block 153 of fixedly connected with in the recess of middle part quarter butt 1522 department, middle part connecting block 153 and middle part quarter butt 1522 fixed connection. The top surface fixedly connected with of middle part carriage 15 is the top pole setting 14 of the vertical setting, and the bottom fixed connection of top pole setting 14 is on the top surface of middle part stock 151, and the bottom of top pole setting 14 and the connected node of middle part carriage 15 crisscross distribution, and middle part stock 151 is connected with the position of middle part quarter butt 1522 promptly and the position crisscross distribution that middle part stock 151 is connected with top pole setting 14. The top end is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged top connecting frame 1. The top attachment frame 1 includes a top long pole 11 fixedly connected to a top upright 14 and a top short pole 12 fixedly connected to the top upright 14. The top upright rods 14 are evenly and symmetrically distributed on three middle long rods 151 in groups of six and three. The top pole 11 has three, and the both ends of three top poles 11 are fixed connection respectively on the top of six top pole settings 14, and top pole 11 is on a parallel with middle part stock 151. The top short rods 12 are distributed between two gaps formed by the three top long rods 11, and the top short rods 12 are parallel to the middle short rods 1522. The top connecting rods are perpendicular to the top short rods 12 and form a net frame-like structure. Both ends of the top connection frame 1 are located between both ends of the middle connection frame 15 in the vertical direction. Top pole setting 14 and top quarter butt 12 all are the I-steel form, and the inside fixedly connected with top connecting block 13 of recess of top pole setting 14 and top quarter butt 12 junction, top connecting block 13 and top quarter butt 12 fixed connection. Fixedly connected with top stiffener 141 that the slope set up on a top pole setting 14 in the middle of a set of three top pole settings 14, top stiffener 141's bottom fixed connection is on a top pole setting 14 in the middle of a set of three top pole settings 14, and top fixed connection is on another top pole setting 14 of this top pole setting 14 one side, and connects two top stiffeners 141 on same top pole setting 14 and be the ascending V word setting of opening.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the rockfall buffering assembly 4 includes a pair of arch arches 23 and a protection net 2 located on the arch 23, the arch 23 is fixedly connected with a fixer 24 for connecting the protection net of the rockfall protection trolley, and the fixer 24 includes a support plate 241 fixedly arranged on the arch 23 and a high-strength bolt 242 bolted on the support plate 241.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the high-strength bolt 242 is obliquely arranged, the head of the high-strength bolt 242 is higher than the tail end of the thread of the high-strength bolt 242, the tail ends of the threads of the high-strength bolts 242 on the two arch frames 23 are arranged in an opposite manner, the tail end of the thread of the high-strength bolt 242 is in threaded connection with a nut 244, and two support plates 241 are arranged between the high-strength bolt 242 and the nut 244 in threaded connection with the high-strength. A tubular wear-resistant sleeve 243 is sleeved on the high-strength bolt 242 between the two support plates 241, and two ends of the wear-resistant sleeve 243 are respectively abutted to the two support plates 241. The arched protection net 2 is sleeved on the wear-resistant sleeves 243, and two sides of the protection net 2 are respectively connected with the wear-resistant sleeves 243 on the two arches 23. The top surface and the bottom surface of the protective net 2 are both curved surfaces, and the arched protective net 2 protrudes towards the inside of the enclosed region to form an inner concave part; the protective net 2 is tied with a pocket net 22, two sides of the pocket net 22 are located between two sides of the protective net 2, a central line of the pocket net 22 arranged along the length direction of the pocket net 22 is located at the position with the largest curvature of the concave part, and the pocket net 22 is located on one side of the protective net 2 in a region surrounded by the pocket net 22; the two sides of the protection net 2 are respectively tied with the anti-impact nets 21, the two sides of the pocket net 22 are respectively positioned between the two sides of the two anti-impact nets 21, the two sides of the anti-impact nets 21 are positioned between the two sides of the protection net 2, the two sides of the pocket net 22 are respectively tied with the two anti-impact nets 21, the opposite side edges of the two anti-impact nets 21 are respectively tied with the pocket net 22, and the pocket net 22 and the anti-impact nets 21 are respectively positioned on the two sides of the protection net 2; the impact-resistant net 21 and the pocket net 22 are both attached to the protection net 2.
Referring to fig. 9, the auxiliary supporting device 5 includes a hydraulic cylinder 51 fixed on the bottom plate 31 and an abutting plate 52 fixed on the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 51, the hydraulic cylinder 51 is disposed vertically downward, the abutting plate 52 is disposed horizontally, and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 51 is fixed at the middle position of the abutting plate 52. A baffle 53 vertically arranged is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 51, and the auxiliary supporting device 5 and the traveling assembly 6 are shielded in the traveling direction of the frame 3 by the baffle 53.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the bottom plate is provided with a rock burst early warning system, the rock burst early warning system comprises a thermosensitive infrared sensor 91 for detecting surrounding rocks and a high-sensitivity laser sensor 92 (see fig. 1) for detecting the surrounding rocks, the bottom plate 31 is fixedly connected with a plurality of rotary platforms 9, the number of the rotary platforms 9 in the embodiment is two, the two rotary platforms 9 are respectively arranged on the bottom plate 31 located on two sides of the rack 1, and the thermosensitive infrared sensor 91 and the high-sensitivity laser sensor 92 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two rotary platforms 9. In other embodiments, the rotary platform 9 may also be mounted on the frame 1 or on the arch 23. The emergency shelter assembly 8 comprises a protection plate 81 fixedly connected with the frame 3, an oxygen supply device 82 fixedly arranged on the protection plate 81, and a fixing member hinged with the protection plate 81, wherein the fixing member in the embodiment is a fixing rod 83 hinged on the protection plate 81, and the fixing rod 83 is a rod material bent into two parts and arranged in an obtuse angle. The protection plate 81 is in an inverted L shape, the oxygen supply device 82 is located at the top end of the protection plate 81 in the bending area, the cushion 85 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the bending area of the protection plate 81, and the fixing rod 83 is located inside the bending area of the protection plate 81 above the cushion 85. The fixing rods 83 are located below the oxygen supply device 82, a buffer device is arranged between the fixing rods 83 and the protection plate 81, the buffer device in the embodiment adopts a hydraulic hinge 84, the fixing rods 83 are connected with the protection plate 81 through the hydraulic hinge 84, and a space for the head of a refuge person to pass through is reserved between every two adjacent fixing rods 83. When the device is used, the waist and the back of the refuge person lean against the soft cushion 85, the fixed rod 83 is pulled towards the body of the refuge person, the head of the refuge person penetrates through the area between the two fixed rods 83, the fixed rods 83 are abutted against the shoulders of the refuge person, and the body is fixed through the blocking effect exerted on the rotation of the fixed rods 83 by the hydraulic hinges 84.
Referring to fig. 10, the rail trolley 72 has two rail brackets 74, and one side wall of each rail bracket 74 is provided with a sliding groove 741 adapted to the profile of the rail bracket. The rail trolley 72 comprises a limiting plate 722, a motor 721 fixed on the limiting plate 722 and a toothed moving wheel 723 coaxially fixed on an output shaft of the motor 721, wherein the limiting plate 722 is bent into a c shape, that is, the limiting plate 722 comprises a main body 7222 matched with the slide rail 74 and two side wings 7221 respectively abutted to two side walls of the slide rail 74, and the main body is abutted to the top surface of the slide rail. The shell of the motor 721 is fixedly connected with a side wing 7221, the output shaft of the motor 721 penetrates through the side wing 7221 and extends into the sliding groove 741, and the toothed moving wheel 723 is also positioned in the sliding groove 741. The inner bottom surface of the sliding groove 741 is provided with a clamping groove adapted to the gear teeth of the toothed moving wheel 723, the toothed moving wheel 723 is meshed with the clamping groove and used for positioning the gear teeth of the toothed moving wheel 723, the toothed moving wheel 723 is abutted to the top surface of the sliding groove 741, and meanwhile, the motor in the embodiment is a motor 721 with a self-locking function and is matched with a limiting plate 722 abutted to the sliding rail 74, so that the rail trolley 72 can stably stay at one position through the technical scheme.
Example two: a method for building a non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system comprises the following steps:
traditional micro-seismic monitoring and geological prospecting data in the existing tunnel excavation process are collected by referring to network data and paper data filed by a construction side, positions with higher rock burst frequency of different types of surrounding rocks in different regions are determined, and a reference database is established.
Using physicochemical indexes and mechanical parameters of different surrounding rocks as the standard of surrounding rock classification, and recording the physicochemical indexes and the mechanical parameters in a reference database; collecting the on-site surrounding rock temperature change acceleration and surrounding rock deformation acceleration information during rock burst when the existing rock burst occurs, comparing and learning the temperature change acceleration and the deformation change acceleration of the surrounding rock with similar physical and chemical indexes and mechanical parameters under the same or close environmental parameters through artificial intelligence learning, summarizing the temperature change and deformation change rules of different surrounding rocks with the same or close physical and chemical indexes when the rock burst occurs, summarizing the temperature change and deformation change rules of different surrounding rocks with the same or close mechanical parameters when the rock burst occurs, classifying and normalizing the data collected in the previous step by using a neural network algorithm, simultaneously increasing environmental temperature, environmental humidity, altitude, tunnel excavation face size and other environmental parameters, and respectively according to the surrounding rock type, the environmental temperature, the environmental humidity, the tunnel excavation face size and the like, Parameters such as elevation and tunnel face size classify and regulate surrounding rock temperature change and deformation change rules, and the neural network in the embodiment comprises 1 input layer, 2 convolutional layers, 2 pooling layers, 2 full-connection layers, 1 Softmax layer and a decision layer; inputting a multi-parameter sequence into an input layer, and outputting the rockburst level and the probability thereof by a decision layer; and (3) after a cost matrix is introduced to eliminate or weaken adverse effects caused by unbalanced sample categories, a neural network model is constructed, a tunnel rock burst early warning model based on the reference database and the neural network model in the step one is obtained, multi-parameter information in an early warning unit in the area to be early warned or the existing data is input into the established rock burst early warning model, the level and the probability of the potential rock burst in the early warning area are output through calculation of the early warning model, and the integrity degree of the model can be judged by a worker. The physical and chemical indexes of the surrounding rock in the step comprise hardness, density, ductility, elasticity and the like of the surrounding rock, and the mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock comprise porosity, sound wave speed, permeability, volume weight and the like.
Obtaining a rock core of a region to be tunneled by using advanced geological drilling, performing an isothermal triaxial test in a laboratory, and determining the temperature change acceleration of a surrounding rock local temperature rapid rising stage when a rock burst precursor occurs; simultaneously detecting and recording deformation change acceleration when the local temperature of the surrounding rock rises before the rock burst, and inputting the two variable quantities into a reference database as reference quantities; integrating the data of the different temperature variation amounts or deformation amounts of the same-stage surrounding rocks of the same type, taking the maximum value and the minimum value as final reference amounts, classifying the data selected from the surrounding rocks of the same type according to the rock burst intensity degree on the basis of the reference database established in the step one, wherein the data comprises no rock burst, slight rock burst, moderate rock burst and strong rock burst, and perfecting and forming a 'surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature' database; meanwhile, carrying out comparison analysis on the rock burst data with new variable addition each time through artificial intelligence learning in the step two, and inputting a surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database and a rock burst early warning model through a neural network algorithm in the step two; and training and optimizing the constructed rock burst early warning model by utilizing a surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database, randomly selecting 80% of data as training samples, selecting the rest 20% of samples as test samples for training and optimizing, and obtaining a model parameter with the highest rock burst grade classification accuracy according to the classification result of the test samples, namely obtaining a rock burst early warning model based on the surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database and a neural network.
Besides the isothermal triaxial test which is carried out by taking the environment temperature when the rock core is obtained as the basic temperature, the rock core can be equally divided into a plurality of samples after the rock core is obtained, the triaxial test is carried out by respectively giving different basic temperatures to the rock core under different environment temperatures, the incidence relation between the temperature change rate and the deformation rate of the rock core of the same type before rock burst occurs under different basic temperatures is obtained, namely the rock core can generate higher deformation acceleration under which temperature change acceleration so as to form rock burst, the relation between the temperature change rate and the deformation change rate before the rock burst, which is obtained by the test, is contrasted and analyzed through the artificial intelligent learning in the step two, and the data base and the rock burst early warning model are input through the neural network algorithm in the step two, so that the temperature change and the deformation change rule of the rock core immediately before the rock burst under other rock core basic temperatures which are not tested are obtained, and the actual value is continuously approached along with the increase of the artificial intelligent learning sample, and the actual value is used as the rock burst judgment basis in the rock burst early warning model.
In addition, when the condition that the trolley normally moves is added, signals received by the thermosensitive infrared sensor and the high-sensitivity laser sensor are tested for many times under working conditions of different temperatures and humidity, and experimental data are stored in the database to be used as reference quantity during signal filtering.
In the tunnel excavation process, a plurality of high-sensitivity laser sensors for monitoring the deformation of surrounding rocks and thermosensitive infrared sensors for monitoring the temperature change of the surrounding rocks are additionally arranged on a protection trolley, an optical alarm system for alarming is arranged, the monitoring areas of all the thermosensitive infrared sensors comprehensively cover the surrounding rocks inside the excavated tunnel, the high-sensitivity laser sensors can monitor each point of an area where rock burst is likely to occur, a rotary platform is additionally arranged on the protection trolley, and the high-sensitivity laser sensors are arranged on the rotary platform; updating the rock burst early warning model after the tunnel is completely excavated in the third step in real time along with the excavation of the tunnel and the lapse of time, so as to update the early warning result in real time; after the on-site rockburst is subjected to early warning, whether an early warning result is in line with the actual condition or not is detected on site, the rockburst and corresponding monitoring information are used as a new sample to dynamically supplement and update a surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rockburst critical deformation-rockburst critical temperature database, and a rockburst early warning model is continuously optimized.
In the tunnel excavation process, the protection trolley moves along with excavation, meanwhile, the thermosensitive infrared sensor monitors, signals collected by the high-sensitivity laser sensor and the thermosensitive infrared sensor in the movement process of the protection trolley are filtered through a mathematical function, and data of reference values in a database of surrounding rock mechanical parameters, rock burst critical deformation and rock burst critical temperature, which are obviously exceeded by peak values and variable quantities in a deformation curve, are removed; when the abnormal temperature change of a certain area is found and is close to the reference quantity in the surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database, the high-sensitivity laser sensor turns to the area and monitors the surrounding rock deformation of the area, the detection result is compared with the reference quantity in the surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database in real time, the rock burst deformation or rock burst temperature rising threshold value information in the surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database built in advance is rapidly processed and compared by using a simple microcomputer of the heat-sensitive infrared sensor and the high-sensitivity laser sensor, and feedback is made, meanwhile, the rock burst early warning model also receives the real-time information and sends feedback, when the data detected by any one of the heat-sensitive infrared sensor and the high-sensitivity laser sensor is matched with the reference data in the database, or when the rock burst early warning model gives out the feedback of the dangerous signal after receiving the two signals, the sound and light alarm system can give an alarm to warn the staff.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a protection platform truck which characterized in that: the rock burst early warning system comprises a rack (3), a walking assembly (6), a rockfall buffering assembly (4), a spraying assembly (7) and a rock burst early warning system; the walking component (6) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame (3) as a power source for the movement of the frame (3); the rockfall buffer component (4) comprises an arch frame (23) fixedly connected with the rack (3) and a protective net (2) fixedly arranged on the arch frame (23); the rock burst early warning system comprises a thermosensitive infrared sensor (91) for detecting the temperature of the surrounding rock and a high-sensitivity laser sensor (92) for detecting the deformation of the surrounding rock.
2. The protective trolley of claim 1, wherein: the protective net (2) is tied with a pocket net (22), two sides of the pocket net (22) are fixedly arranged between two sides of the protective net (2), and the pocket net (22) is positioned on one side, which is sunken or closed towards the direction of the rack (3), of the protective net (2); two anti-impact nets (21) are fixedly connected to two sides of the protective net (2), two sides of each pocket net (22) are respectively positioned between two sides of the two anti-impact nets (21), and the pocket nets (22) and the anti-impact nets (21) are respectively positioned on two sides of the protective net (2); the anti-impact net (21) and the pocket net (22) are both attached to the protective net (2).
3. The protective trolley according to claim 2, wherein: the two sides of the impact-resistant net (21) are positioned between the two sides of the protective net (2).
4. The protective trolley of claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising an emergency refuge assembly (8), wherein the emergency refuge assembly (8) comprises a protection plate (81) fixedly arranged on the rack (3), an oxygen supply device (82) fixedly arranged on the protection plate (81) and a fixing piece fixedly connected to the protection plate (81).
5. The protective trolley of claim 1, wherein: the supporting device comprises a frame (3), and is characterized by further comprising an auxiliary supporting device (5), wherein the auxiliary supporting device (5) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (51) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame (3) and a butt plate (52) fixedly arranged at the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (51).
6. A building method of a non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the protection trolley according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, further comprising the steps of:
collecting traditional microseismic monitoring and geological survey data in the existing tunnel excavation process, determining positions with higher rock burst frequency of different types of surrounding rocks, and establishing a reference database;
secondly, taking physicochemical indexes and mechanical parameters of different surrounding rocks as standards for surrounding rock classification, recording the standards in a reference database, constructing a neural network model, obtaining a tunnel rock burst early warning model of the neural network based on the reference database in the first step, and outputting the grade and the probability of the potential rock burst in an early warning area through calculation of the early warning model;
thirdly, determining the temperature change acceleration of the surrounding rock at the local temperature rapid rising stage when the rock burst precursor occurs; simultaneously detecting and recording deformation change acceleration of the surrounding rock in the process of local temperature rise before the rock burst, inputting the two change quantities into a reference database as reference quantities, and perfecting the reference database based on the reference database established in the step one to form surrounding rock mechanical parameters-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical
A temperature "database;
in the tunnel excavation process, a plurality of high-sensitivity laser sensors for monitoring surrounding rock deformation and thermosensitive infrared sensors for monitoring surrounding rock temperature change are additionally arranged on a protection trolley, after the rock burst early warning model carries out early warning on site rock bursts, whether the early warning result is consistent with the actual condition or not is detected through site, and the rock bursts and corresponding monitoring information are used as new samples to dynamically supplement and update a surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database;
fifthly, in the tunnel excavation process, when data detected by any one of the thermal infrared sensor and the high-sensitivity laser sensor are matched with reference data in a surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database, or when a rock burst early warning model receives the two signals and then gives out feedback of dangerous signals, the sound-light alarm system gives an alarm to warn workers
And (5) making personnel.
7. The construction method of the non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the third step, the rock core is equally divided into a plurality of samples after being obtained, and the rock core is endowed with different basic temperatures at different environmental temperatures respectively to carry out triaxial test.
8. The construction method of the non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the third step, the relation between the temperature change rate and the deformation change rate of the rock burst immediately before the test is contrastively analyzed through artificial intelligence learning in the second step, and a surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database and a rock burst early warning model are input through a neural network algorithm in the second step.
9. The construction method of the non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: when the normal movement condition of the trolley is added in the third step, the signals received by the thermosensitive infrared sensor and the high-sensitivity laser sensor are tested for many times under different working conditions, and the experimental data are stored into surrounding rock mechanical parameters, rock burst critical deformation and rock burst
The critical temperature "database is used as the reference for signal filtering.
10. The construction method of the non-contact tunnel construction rock burst early warning protection system according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the neural network in the third step comprises an input layer, a convolutional layer, a pooling layer, a full-link layer and a Softmax layer; inputting a multi-parameter sequence into an input layer, and outputting the rockburst level and the probability thereof by a decision layer; and (3) training and optimizing the constructed neural network model by using the reference database in the step one, and obtaining a model parameter reaching the highest rock burst grade classification accuracy according to the classification result of the test sample, namely obtaining a tunnel burst early warning model based on a surrounding rock mechanical parameter-rock burst critical deformation-rock burst critical temperature database and a neural network.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114233397A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-03-25 | 中铁十二局集团山西建筑构件有限公司 | Tunnel construction rock burst early warning system based on air-land amphibious robot |
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| CN209369809U (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-09-10 | 中铁十七局集团第五工程有限公司 | A kind of rock burst protection trolley |
| CN111441809A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-24 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Protective trolley |
| CN111520192A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-11 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Non-contact tunnel engineering construction rock burst real-time forecasting optimization method |
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| CN209369809U (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-09-10 | 中铁十七局集团第五工程有限公司 | A kind of rock burst protection trolley |
| CN111441809A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-24 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Protective trolley |
| CN111520192A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-11 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Non-contact tunnel engineering construction rock burst real-time forecasting optimization method |
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| CN114233397A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-03-25 | 中铁十二局集团山西建筑构件有限公司 | Tunnel construction rock burst early warning system based on air-land amphibious robot |
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