CN112143905B

CN112143905B - Device for removing low-density scum in metal refining process

Info

Publication number: CN112143905B
Application number: CN202011040762.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈云; 谢云华; 李周华; 王红彬; 吴红星; 王建伟; 唐都作; 徐万立; 马松立; 袁海滨
Original assignee: Smelting Branch Yunnan Tin Co ltd
Current assignee: Smelting Branch Yunnan Tin Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-28
Filing date: 2020-09-28
Publication date: 2022-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-28
Also published as: CN112143905A

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for removing low-density scum in the metal refining process, which belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and comprises a flue gas hood, an air draft hood, a fixing pipe, a cooler, a dust collector, an induced draft fan, a dust outlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, an air pipe and a fixing and adjusting device capable of fixing and adjusting the position of the flue gas hood. The low-density slag removed by the method can directly enter a rotary kiln process for treatment, so that a pretreatment process is reduced, and the production operation cost can be greatly reduced; meanwhile, in the process of removing the low-density slag, the loss caused by flying of metal dust of the low-density slag is effectively avoided; the number of workers can be greatly reduced, the labor cost is saved, and the economic benefit is improved. Meanwhile, the invention also improves the mechanical automation level of the slag salvaging operation, reduces the intensity of the repeated slag salvaging operation of the staff and improves the production efficiency.

Description

Device for removing low-density scum in metal refining process

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a device for removing low-density scum in a metal refining process.

Background

In the metal refining and impurity removing process, various impurity metals basically exist in the forms of simple substances and oxides, different production enterprises can refine crude metals according to market requirements, and the process of separating other metals is called impurity removing. In the impurity removing process, scum with low density and high melting point is generated by adding different types and quantities of additives. In the process of dragging the slag, a large amount of flying slag is generated due to fine granularity and low density of a large amount of floating slag, and meanwhile, the fine slag which is not dragged out enters the next process, so that the cost is increased.

Taking a tin refining process as an example, when impurities such as arsenic, antimony, copper and the like are removed in crude tin refining, materials such as aluminum particles, sulfur, ammonium chloride, sawdust and the like are added respectively to generate scum with high melting point and low density to float on the surface of tin liquid, manual scum dredging operation is usually adopted, a large amount of dust can be generated in the scum dredging and deslagging processes, the operation environment is poor, and meanwhile, the scum dredging rate basically does not exceed 80%.

The low-density slag generated by impurity removal has small density and fine granularity, the dust raising is large in the slag dragging, transporting and deslagging processes, the operation environment is poor, along with the increasing emphasis degree of the country on the environmental protection and the physical and mental health of the staff, the operation environment does not accord with the environmental protection requirement and is not beneficial to the physical and mental health of the staff. Meanwhile, the scum can not be completely fished out, so that the workload of the next procedure, the production operation cost and the technical quality index are increased. In addition, the superfine slag can flow out of the funnel hole in the slag dragging process, and workers need to drag the slag repeatedly, so that the operation intensity is high, and the efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the background art, the invention provides a device for removing low-density scum in the metal refining process, which reduces the flying loss of low-density scum and environmental pollution generated in the tin refining impurity removal process, effectively improves the slag fishing efficiency, improves the impurity removal technical quality index, and reduces the production cost and the labor intensity of workers.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a get rid of device of metal refining in-process low density dross includes flue gas cover 1, draft hood 2, fixed pipe 3, cooler 4, dust collector 5, draught fan 6, play dirt pipe 7, air-supply line 8, tuber pipe 9, takes off miscellaneous pot 10, flue gas cover 1 install at the top of taking off miscellaneous pot 10, the top of flue gas cover 1 is provided with flue gas pipe 11, installs draft hood 2 in the flue gas cover 1, the top of draft hood 2 is provided with fixed pipe 3, fixed pipe 3 is through the access connection of play dirt pipe 7 with cooler 4, the exit of cooler 4 passes through the pipe and dust collector 5's access connection, the exit of dust collector 5 passes through the pipe and draught fan 6's air intake connection, draught fan 6's air outlet and tuber pipe 9 are connected, tuber pipe 9 is connected with the air-supply line 8 of installing on draft hood 2.

Further, the apparatus for removing low-density dross in a metal refining process further includes a fixing and adjusting device 12 capable of fixing and adjusting the position of the hood 2.

Further, the fixed adjusting device 12 comprises a movable base 13, a movable column 14, a cantilever 15, a lead screw i 16, a motor i 17, a slide rail 18, a slide block 19, a lead screw ii 20, a connecting rod 21, a through type linear lead screw motor 22, a fixed rod 23, a motor ii 24 and a gear transmission mechanism 25, wherein the movable column 14 is mounted on the movable base 13 through a bearing, the cantilever 15 is mounted on the movable column 14 in a sleeved manner, a threaded hole parallel to the movable column 14 is formed in the cantilever 15, the motor i 17 is mounted at the top of the movable column 14, the output end of the motor i 17 is connected with the lead screw i 16, and the lead screw i 16 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole in the cantilever 15; a slide rail 18 and a lead screw II 20 which are parallel to each other are arranged on the cantilever 15, and an opening which is convenient for the slide rail 18 and the lead screw II 20 to move is formed in the flue gas hood 1; the sliding rail 18 is provided with a sliding block 19, the sliding block 19 is provided with a screw hole in threaded connection with the II screw rod 20, the sliding block 19 is provided with a through linear screw rod motor 22 connected with the II screw rod 20, the lower end of the sliding block 19 is provided with a connecting rod 21, the connecting rod 21 is provided with a fixing rod 23 used for installing the fixing pipe 3, the moving base 13 is internally provided with a motor II 24, and a power output shaft of the motor II 24 is connected with the lower end of the moving column 14 through a gear transmission mechanism 25.

Further, the fixed adjusting device 12 further comprises a control module 28, and the motor i 17, the through type linear screw motor 22, the motor ii 24 and the induced draft fan 6 are respectively connected with the control module 28 through relays.

Furthermore, the dust outlet pipe 7 and the air inlet pipe 8 are both metal hoses.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the low-density slag removed by the method can directly enter a rotary kiln process for treatment, so that a pretreatment process is reduced, and the production operation cost can be greatly reduced; meanwhile, in the process of removing the low-density slag, the loss caused by flying of metal dust of the low-density slag is effectively avoided; the number of workers can be greatly reduced, the labor cost is saved, and the economic benefit is improved. Meanwhile, the invention also improves the mechanical automation level of the slag salvaging operation, reduces the intensity of the repeated slag salvaging operation of the staff and improves the production efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fixing and adjusting device of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a wiring diagram of a control circuit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a device for removing low-density dross in a metal refining process comprises a flue gas hood 1, a draught hood 2, a fixed pipe 3, a cooler 4, a dust collector 5, an induced draft fan 6, a dust outlet pipe 7, an air inlet pipe 8, an air pipe 9 and an impurity removing pot 10.

Flue gas hood 1 install at the top of taking off miscellaneous pot 10, the top of flue gas hood 1 is provided with flue gas pipe 11, install exhaust hood 2 in the flue gas hood 1, the top of exhaust hood 2 is provided with fixed pipe 3, fixed pipe 3 is through the access connection of play dirt pipe 7 with cooler 4, the access connection that the pipeline was passed through in the export of cooler 4, the air intake connection of pipeline and draught fan 6 is passed through in the export of dust collector 5, the air outlet and the tuber pipe 9 of draught fan 6 are connected, tuber pipe 9 is connected with the air-supply line 8 of installing on exhaust hood 2. Putting the metal solution to be subjected to impurity removal into an impurity removal pot 10; the metal solution in the impurity removing pot 10 is heated, and the impurity removing additive matched with the metal is added into the impurity removing pot 10, so that scum with low density and high melting point is generated with the impurity metal in the metal solution in the impurity removing pot 10. Then the liquid metal is cooled to the solidifying point of the metal impurities to form high-density slag for fishing. After the high-density slag is fished out, the metal solution in the impurity pot 10 is heated, and the impurity removing agent is added into the impurity pot 10 for chemical reaction to form scum with bottom density, wherein part of impurities in the scum with low density belong to ultrafine particles. In the process of removing the bottom density scum, firstly, a flue gas cover 1 is arranged at the top of an impurity removing pot 10, then an air draft cover 2 is positioned above the liquid level of the metal solution, a cooler 4, a dust collector 5 and an induced draft fan 6 are started, the induced draft fan 6 introduces air into the air draft cover 2 through an air inlet pipe 8, as the air draft cover 2 is positioned above the liquid level of the metal solution, after the air is blown out through the air inlet pipe 8, the low density scum on the liquid level of the metal solution is lifted by the air blown out from the air inlet pipe 8 within the limited range of the air draft cover 2 under the action of the air draft cover 2, meanwhile, negative pressure is formed in a fixed pipe 3 connected with a dust outlet pipe 7 in the air draft cover 2 connected with the fixed pipe 3 under the action of the induced draft fan 6, and the low density scum lifted by the air blown out from the air inlet pipe 8 is sucked under the guiding action of the air draft cover 2; part of the low-density scum overflowing the draft hood 2 can prevent the scum from overflowing into the air to cause environmental pollution under the action of the smoke hood 1. Because the sucked low-density scum has higher temperature which reaches more than 200 ℃, the low-density scum sucked by the negative pressure air of the fixed pipe 3 enters the cooler 4 for cooling, and the cooled low-density scum enters the dust collector 5 along with the negative pressure air for collecting the scum; a cooler 4 is added in front of the dust collector 5 to ensure that the dust collector 5 is not burnt out by high temperature in the dust collecting process.

In the present invention, the apparatus for removing low-density dross in a metal refining process further comprises a fixing and adjusting device 12 capable of fixing and adjusting the position of the hood 2. As shown in fig. 2, the fixed adjusting device 12 includes a movable base 13, a movable column 14, a cantilever 15, a lead screw i 16, a motor i 17, a slide rail 18, a slide block 19, a lead screw ii 20, a connecting rod 21, a through linear lead screw motor 22, a fixing rod 23, a motor ii 24, and a gear transmission mechanism 25, wherein the movable column 14 is mounted on the movable base 13 through a bearing, the cantilever 15 is mounted on the movable column 14 in a sleeved manner, a threaded hole parallel to the movable column 14 is formed in the cantilever 15, the motor i 17 is mounted at the top of the movable column 14, an output end of the motor i 17 is connected with the lead screw i 16, and the lead screw i 16 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole in the cantilever 15; a slide rail 18 and a lead screw II 20 which are parallel to each other are arranged on the cantilever 15, and an opening which is convenient for the slide rail 18 and the lead screw II 20 to move is formed in the flue gas hood 1; the sliding rail 18 is provided with a sliding block 19, the sliding block 19 is provided with a screw hole in threaded connection with the II screw rod 20, the sliding block 19 is provided with a through linear screw rod motor 22 connected with the II screw rod 20, the lower end of the sliding block 19 is provided with a connecting rod 21, the connecting rod 21 is provided with a fixing rod 23 used for installing the fixing pipe 3, the moving base 13 is internally provided with a motor II 24, and a power output shaft of the motor II 24 is connected with the lower end of the moving column 14 through a gear transmission mechanism 25. The motor I17 drives the lead screw I16 to rotate, the rotation of the lead screw I16 drives the cantilever 15 to move up and down along the lead screw I16 and the moving column 14, so that the height of the draft hood 2 is adjusted according to the height of the metal solution in the impurity removing pot 10, and the draught fan 6 is guaranteed to be capable of effectively sucking and removing low-density scum on the surface of the metal solution through the draft hood 2. The whole fixed adjusting device 12 can be driven to move by moving the base 13, so that the position of the fixed adjusting device 12 can be adjusted, the position between the whole fixed adjusting device 12 and the impurity removing pot 10 is suitable, and the slide rail 18 can be ensured to extend into the flue gas hood 1 from the opening on the flue gas hood 1; and at this time, the through type linear screw motor 22 can drive the screw II 20 to rotate, the sliding block 19 mounted on the screw II 20 moves along the length directions of the screw II 20 and the sliding rail 18, so that the sliding block 19 drives the air draft cover 2 to move along the length direction of the sliding rail 18, and the air draft cover 2 can move left and right above the metal solution of the impurity removing pot 10. The motor II 24 can drive the moving column 14 to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism 25, so that the cantilever 15 is driven to rotate along with the moving column 14, and the front position and the rear position of the air draft cover 2 are adjusted. Therefore, under the condition that the left and right positions and the front and back positions of the draft hood 2 are adjusted, the low-density scum at different positions on the metal solution surface of the impurity removing pot 10 can be absorbed one by one through the draft hood 2 under the action of the draught fan 6.

As shown in fig. 3, the fixing and adjusting device 12 further includes a control module 28, and the motor i 17, the through type linear screw motor 22, the motor ii 24, and the induced draft fan 6 are respectively connected to the control module 28 through a relay. Through setting up control module 28, when the suction hood 2 that needs to be adjusted reciprocates the position, can control motor I17 fast through control module 28, make motor I17 drive the operation of lead screw I16, make cantilever 15 reciprocate under the drive of lead screw I16. When the front and back movement position of the exhaust hood 2 needs to be adjusted, the control module 28 rapidly controls the motor ii 24 to work, so that the motor ii 24 drives the moving column 14 to rotate, and the front and back movement of the exhaust hood 2 is realized. When the left and right positions need to be adjusted, the control module 28 quickly controls the through type linear screw motor 22 to work, so as to drive the screw II 20 to rotate and drive the sliding block 19 to move left and right along the sliding block, and therefore the air draft cover 2 can move left and right. Thus, the motor I17, the through linear screw motor 22 and the motor II 24 are automatically controlled to automatically work through the control module 28, so that the air draft cover 2 can be positioned above the surface of the metal solution of the impurity removing pot 10, and then the control module 28 controls the induced draft fan 6 to work, so that the low-density scum on the surface of the metal solution of the impurity removing pot 10 can be gradually sucked and removed through the air draft cover 2 without dead angles. Meanwhile, the control module 28 can control the air draft cover 2 to move and suck dust for multiple times above the surface of the metal solution, so that the low-density scum can be thoroughly sucked.

The dust outlet pipe 7 and the air inlet pipe 8 are both metal flexible pipes which can resist high temperature.

And a two-way air locking valve I26 is arranged at a dust outlet at the bottom of the cooler 4, and a two-way air locking valve II 27 is arranged at a dust outlet at the bottom of the dust collector 5. By arranging the two-way air locking valve I26 and the two-way air locking valve II 27, low-density slag can be prevented from flying in the ash discharging process of the cooler 4 and the dust collector 5.

Examples

By adopting the device to carry out crude tin impurity removal as an example, the crude tin yield is 50 t/machine class, wherein the tin content of slag generated in the crude tin impurity removal is 10 t/machine class. The following percentage contents of high-density slag and scum generated by the tin-containing slag in each process are as follows:

from the above table, it is statistically known that each shift produces 4.71t of high-density slag; the low-density slag is 5.29 t. If the operation is carried out in three shifts, the high-density slag is generated at 14.13t every day; the low-density slag is 15.87 t.

The effective operation time is 300 days each year, and the total high-density slag is produced as follows: 14.13 multiplied by 300 is 4239t, the tin content of the high-density slag is 60 percent to 65 percent, and the high-density slag is sent to a centrifuge and other working procedures for treatment; low-density slag: 15.87 × 300-4761 t, the tin content of the low-density slag is about 40-50%, and the low-density slag is returned to a metallurgical furnace for secondary treatment.

If 4761t low-density slag and high-density slag are sent into a centrifuge and other next working procedures for treatment, the technical quality index of the next working procedure is influenced, and the workload and the production operation cost of the next working procedure are increased; and secondly, in the processes of impurity removal, slag salvaging, transportation, slag dumping and slag treatment, about 1 percent of low-density slag flies upward to cause metal loss, the annual metal loss is 47.61t, and simultaneously, the environmental pollution is caused.

Therefore, the invention reduces the workload of the subsequent treatment process, the production operation cost and the technical quality index. 1.4t of low-density slag is directly treated in a rotary kiln every day, one pretreatment procedure is omitted, the pretreatment cost is 500 yuan/t, and 1.4 × 300 × 500-210000 yuan of production operation is saved every year; the metal dust flying loss of the low-density slag is avoided to be 47.61 multiplied by 50 percent multiplied by 110000 which is 2618550 yuan; the number of employees can be reduced from 24 to 16, the labor cost is saved by 8 multiplied by 80000 to 640000 yuan each year, and the economic benefit is increased each year: 210000+2618550+640000 is 3468550 yuan.

Therefore, the low-density slag removed by the method can be directly treated in a rotary kiln process, so that a pretreatment process is reduced, and the production operation cost can be greatly reduced; meanwhile, in the process of removing the low-density slag, the loss caused by flying of metal dust of the low-density slag is effectively avoided; the number of workers can be greatly reduced, the labor cost is saved, and the economic benefit is improved. Meanwhile, the invention also improves the mechanical automation level of the slag salvaging operation, reduces the intensity of the repeated slag salvaging operation of the staff and improves the production efficiency.

Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for removing low-density dross in a metal refining process is characterized in that: the device for removing the low-density scum in the metal refining process comprises a flue gas hood (1), a suction hood (2), a fixed pipe (3), a cooler (4), a dust collector (5), an induced draft fan (6), a dust outlet pipe (7), an air inlet pipe (8), an air pipe (9) and a sundry removing pot (10), wherein the flue gas hood (1) is arranged at the top of the sundry removing pot (10), the top of the flue gas hood (1) is provided with a flue gas pipe (11), the suction hood (2) is arranged in the flue gas hood (1), the top of the suction hood (2) is provided with the fixed pipe (3), the fixed pipe (3) is connected with an inlet of the cooler (4) through the dust outlet pipe (7), an outlet of the cooler (4) is connected with an inlet of the dust collector (5) through a pipeline, an outlet of the dust collector (5) is connected with an air inlet of the induced draft fan (6) through a pipeline, an air outlet of the induced draft fan (6) is connected with the air pipe (9), the air pipe (9) is connected with an air inlet pipe (8) arranged on the air draft cover (2); the device for removing the low-density dross in the metal refining process also comprises a fixed adjusting device (12) which can fix and adjust the position of the draft hood (2); the fixed adjusting device (12) comprises a movable base (13), a movable column (14), a cantilever (15), a lead screw I (16), a motor I (17), a sliding rail (18), a sliding block (19), a lead screw II (20), a connecting rod (21), a through type linear lead screw motor (22), a fixed rod (23), a motor II (24) and a gear transmission mechanism (25), wherein the movable column (14) is installed on the movable base (13) through a bearing, the cantilever (15) is installed on the movable column (14) in a sleeved mode, a threaded hole parallel to the movable column (14) is formed in the cantilever (15), the motor I (17) is installed at the top of the movable column (14), the output end of the motor I (17) is connected with the lead screw I (16), and the lead screw I (16) is in threaded connection with the threaded hole in the cantilever (15); a slide rail (18) and a lead screw II (20) which are parallel to each other are arranged on the cantilever (15), and an opening which is convenient for the slide rail (18) and the lead screw II (20) to move is formed in the smoke hood (1); install sliding block (19) on slide rail (18), and set up the screw with II (20) threaded connection of lead screw on sliding block (19), install on sliding block (19) and run through formula linear screw motor (22) of being connected with II (20) of lead screw, connecting rod (21) are installed to the lower extreme of sliding block (19), install on connecting rod (21) and be used for installing dead lever (23) of fixed pipe (3), install motor II (24) in removal base (13), the power output shaft of motor II (24) passes through gear drive (25) and is connected with the lower extreme that removes post (14).

2. An apparatus for removing low density dross in a metal refining process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed adjusting device (12) further comprises a control module (28), and the motor I (17), the penetrating type linear lead screw motor (22), the motor II (24) and the induced draft fan (6) are connected with the control module (28) through relays respectively.

3. An apparatus for removing low density dross in a metal refining process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dust outlet pipe (7) and the air inlet pipe (8) are both metal hoses.