CN112143880A - Method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residues - Google Patents
Method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residues Download PDFInfo
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- CN112143880A CN112143880A CN202011207323.XA CN202011207323A CN112143880A CN 112143880 A CN112143880 A CN 112143880A CN 202011207323 A CN202011207323 A CN 202011207323A CN 112143880 A CN112143880 A CN 112143880A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/005—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/06—Obtaining tin from scrap, especially tin scrap
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a resource utilization method of tin smelting waste residues, which comprises the steps of mixing tin smelting waste residues with lime, carrying out microwave activation on the mixed materials to promote tin-iron separation in a subsequent magnetic separation stage, then carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on the activated materials, carrying out magnetic separation on the crushed and ground materials to realize tin-iron separation to obtain iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation tailings, adding a composite activator YT-X into the magnetic separation tailings, carrying out pretreatment by ultrasonic waves, and carrying out tin flotation on the pretreated materials to obtain tin ore concentrate and tailings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residues, belonging to the technical field of metallurgy.
Background
Tin smelting is an important development industry in China, but because the tin smelting is in extensive production for many years, the problems of incomplete waste residue disposal, large occupied area, no effective and safe disposal and low comprehensive utilization rate exist. The waste residue mainly contains cadmium, chromium, lead and metalloid arsenic with obvious biological toxicity, and heavy metal pollutants such as zinc, copper, nickel, tin and the like with toxicity. The waste residues are stockpiled for a long time, and heavy metals enter environmental media such as soil and surrounding water bodies through various release ways such as rainwater leaching and the like, thereby forming serious threats to ecological environment and human health. In the open-air stacking process, a large amount of land resources are occupied, and valuable metal elements and toxic elements with high mobility, such as valuable metal tin, cadmium, chromium, lead, copper, metalloid arsenic and the like in the waste residues are easily released into the natural environment through natural weathering and leaching, so that serious pollution and potential harm are caused to the surrounding ecological environments, such as soil, surface water, underground water and the like, and finally, the life health of human beings is directly or indirectly harmed.
At present, three methods for recycling tin smelting waste slag mainly comprise a material recovery method, a wet leaching method and a pyrometallurgical smelting method.
The material recovering process is mainly to utilize waste slag as building material and to produce brick, wall material, plate material, cement and other building material product, microcrystalline glass material, etc. the material recovering process has stable property and iron, calcium and other components contained in the material, and is ideal material for building material. However, most of the waste residues contain heavy metals such as lead, which has certain harm to the product quality and use of building materials, and simultaneously, valuable metals cannot be comprehensively utilized, thereby causing great resource loss.
The wet leaching method mainly adopts two systems of acid leaching and alkaline leaching, and the valuable metals are usually recovered in an electrodeposition mode. The method mainly has the problems of long process flow, difficult wastewater treatment, difficult filtration and other operations and the like.
The pyrometallurgical method is mainly sintering-blast furnace smelting, and other methods include a high-temperature furnace high-temperature method, a kowset method, an electric furnace method, and an ostomate bath smelting method. Sintering-blast furnace smelting has the advantages of low cost, good material adaptability and the like, and has better application in small-scale smelting plants, but along with the stricter and stricter national environmental protection policy, the method is gradually eliminated for use due to the problems of high energy consumption, environmental pollution and the like; the application of the high-temperature furnace in waste residue treatment is limited due to the problems of large investment, complex operation and the like; the Gifford method, the electric furnace method and the Osmant molten pool smelting method have strict requirements on materials, so that the waste slag is difficult to be treated independently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residues, which utilizes a magnetic-floating combined method to realize resource utilization of the tin smelting waste residues.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: firstly, mixing tin smelting waste residues with lime, carrying out microwave activation on the mixed materials to promote tin-iron separation in a subsequent magnetic separation stage, then carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on the activated materials, carrying out magnetic separation on the crushed and ground materials to realize tin-iron separation to obtain iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation tailings, adding a composite activator YT-X into the magnetic separation tailings, carrying out pretreatment by ultrasonic waves, carrying out tin flotation on the pretreated materials to obtain tin ore concentrate and tailings, and substituting river sand for preparing cement mortar.
A method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residues comprises the following specific steps:
(1) mixing the tin smelting waste residue with lime to obtain a mixed material, and performing microwave activation on the mixed material to obtain a pretreated material so as to promote the tin-iron separation effect in the subsequent magnetic separation stage;
(2) performing crushing and grinding treatment on the pretreated material obtained in the step (1), and then performing magnetic separation to obtain iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation tailings;
(3) adding a composite activator YT-X into the magnetic separation tailings obtained in the step (2) and carrying out pretreatment by ultrasonic waves to obtain an activated material, and activating the target mineral tin to enable the tin to be enriched more easily;
(4) and (4) carrying out tin flotation on the activated material obtained in the step (3) to obtain tin concentrate and tailings, wherein the tailings can replace river sand to be used for manufacturing cement mortar.
In the step (1), the tin smelting waste slag and lime are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1-300: 1.
The microwave activation time in the step (1) is 3-15 min.
And (3) crushing and grinding the pretreated materials in the step (2) until the pretreated materials account for 75-95% by mass of-0.074 mm, and carrying out magnetic separation by adopting a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity is 12000-16000 Gs.
In the step (3), the composite activator YT-X comprises, by weight, 20-40% of lead nitrate, 10-20% of sodium sulfide, 5-10% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 10-20% of water glass and 20-40% of salicylaldoxime, the dosage of the composite activator YT-X is 50-150 g/t, and the pretreatment time is 10-30 min.
And (4) carrying out tin flotation by adopting a flow of once roughing and twice fine selection, wherein 30-50 g/t of collecting agent salicylhydroxamic acid and 10-30 g/t of foaming agent pinitol oil are sequentially added in the once roughing, and no medicament is added in the fine selection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the tin smelting waste residue is recycled by a magnetic-floating combined method, so that iron ore concentrate and tin ore concentrate are obtained, and the flotation tailings can replace river sand to be used for manufacturing cement mortar, thereby achieving the purposes of reduction and recycling.
(2) The composite activating agent has good activating effect on tin and high recovery rate of tin.
(3) The method has the advantages of simple process flow, small medicament dosage, no pollution to the environment, environmental protection, high resource utilization rate and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Example 1: the method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residues comprises the following specific steps as shown in figure 1:
(1) mixing the tin smelting waste residues with lime according to the mass ratio of 100:1 to obtain a mixed material, and performing microwave activation on the mixed material for 3min to promote the tin-iron separation effect in the magnetic separation stage to obtain a pretreated material;
(2) carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on the pretreated material obtained in the step (1) until the pretreated material accounts for 75% by mass of-0.074 mm, then carrying out magnetic separation by adopting a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity is 12000Gs, so that iron concentrate and magnetic separation tailings are obtained, and the iron recovery rate is 80.11%;
(3) adding 50g/t of a composite activator YT-X into the magnetic separation tailings obtained in the step (2), wherein the composite activator YT-X comprises 20% of lead nitrate, 20% of sodium sulfide, 10% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 20% of water glass and 30% of salicylaldoxime by weight percentage, and performing ultrasonic pretreatment for 10min to obtain an activated material;
(4) and (3) adding the activated material obtained in the step (3) into an inflatable flotation machine for tin flotation, and adopting a flow of once roughing and twice fine selection, wherein 30g/t of collecting agent salicylhydroxamic acid and 10g/t of foaming agent terpineol oil are sequentially added into the once roughing, and no medicament is added into the fine selection to obtain tin concentrate and tailings, and the flotation tailings can be used for preparing cement mortar instead of river sand.
The results of this example are shown in table 1, and the concentrate grades of valuable metals iron and tin in the tin smelting waste slag subjected to resource treatment are 58.36 and 35.68%, respectively, and the recovery rates are 80.11% and 73.62%.
TABLE 1
Example 2: the method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residues comprises the following specific steps as shown in figure 1:
(1) mixing the tin smelting waste residue and lime according to the mass ratio of 200:1 to obtain a mixed material, and performing microwave activation on the mixed material for 10min to promote the tin-iron separation effect in the magnetic separation stage to obtain a pretreated material;
(2) carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on the pretreated material obtained in the step (1) until the pretreated material accounts for 80% by mass of-0.074 mm, then carrying out magnetic separation by adopting a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity is 14000Gs, so that iron concentrate and magnetic tailings are obtained, and the iron recovery rate is 89.17%;
(3) adding 100g/t of a composite activator YT-X into the magnetic separation tailings obtained in the step (2), wherein the composite activator YT-X comprises 30% of lead nitrate, 15% of sodium sulfide, 8% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 12% of water glass and 35% of salicylaldoxime by weight percentage, and performing pretreatment for 20min by ultrasonic waves to obtain an activated material;
(4) and (3) adding the activated material obtained in the step (3) into an inflatable flotation machine for tin flotation, and adopting a flow of once roughing and twice fine selection, wherein 40g/t of collecting agent salicylhydroxamic acid and 20g/t of foaming agent terpineol oil are sequentially added into the once roughing, and no medicament is added into the fine selection to obtain tin concentrate and tailings, and the flotation tailings can be used for preparing cement mortar instead of river sand.
The results of this example are shown in table 2, and the concentrate grades of valuable metals iron and tin in the tin smelting waste residue after the resource treatment are 71.58 and 45.19%, respectively, and the recovery rates are 89.17% and 85.63%.
TABLE 2
Example 3: the method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residues comprises the following specific steps as shown in figure 1:
(1) mixing the tin smelting waste slag and lime according to the mass ratio of 300:1 to obtain a mixed material, and performing microwave activation on the mixed material for 15min to promote the tin-iron separation effect in the magnetic separation stage to obtain a pretreated material;
(2) carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on the pretreated material obtained in the step (1) until the pretreated material accounts for 95% by mass of-0.074 mm, then carrying out magnetic separation by adopting a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity is 16000Gs, so that iron concentrate and magnetic separation tailings are obtained, and the iron recovery rate is 90.52%;
(3) adding 150g/t of a composite activator YT-X into the magnetic separation tailings obtained in the step (2), wherein the composite activator YT-X comprises 40% of lead nitrate, 10% of sodium sulfide, 5% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 15% of water glass and 30% of salicylaldoxime, and pretreating the mixture for 30min by using ultrasonic waves to obtain an activated material;
(4) adding the activated material obtained in the step (3) into an inflatable flotation machine for tin flotation, adopting a flow of once roughing and twice fine selection, wherein 50g/t of collecting agent salicylhydroxamic acid and 30g/t of foaming agent terpineol oil are sequentially added into the once roughing, and no medicament is added into the fine selection to obtain tin concentrate and tailings, and the flotation tailings can be used for manufacturing cement mortar instead of river sand
The results of this example are shown in table 3, and the concentrate grades of valuable metals iron and tin in the tin smelting waste slag subjected to resource treatment are 68.83 and 44.61%, respectively, and the recovery rates are 90.52% and 87.55%.
TABLE 3
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for resource utilization of tin smelting waste residue is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) mixing the tin smelting waste residue with lime to obtain a mixed material, and performing microwave activation on the mixed material to obtain a pretreated material;
(2) performing crushing and grinding treatment on the pretreated material obtained in the step (1), and then performing magnetic separation to obtain iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation tailings;
(3) adding a composite activator YT-X into the magnetic separation tailings obtained in the step (2) and carrying out pretreatment by using ultrasonic waves to obtain an activated material;
(4) and (4) carrying out tin flotation on the activated material obtained in the step (3) to obtain tin concentrate and tailings.
2. The method for resource utilization of copper smelting smoke dust according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the tin smelting waste slag and lime are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1-300: 1.
3. The method for resource utilization of copper smelting smoke dust according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the microwave activation time in the step (1) is 3-15 min.
4. The method for resource utilization of copper smelting smoke dust according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) crushing and grinding the pretreated materials in the step (2) until the pretreated materials account for 75-95% by mass of-0.074 mm, and carrying out magnetic separation by adopting a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity is 12000-16000 Gs.
5. The method for resource utilization of copper smelting smoke dust according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (3), the composite activator YT-X comprises, by weight, 20-40% of lead nitrate, 10-20% of sodium sulfide, 5-10% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 10-20% of water glass and 20-40% of salicylaldoxime, the dosage of the composite activator YT-X is 50-150 g/t, and the pretreatment time is 10-30 min.
6. The method for resource utilization of copper smelting smoke dust according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) carrying out tin flotation by adopting a flow of once roughing and twice fine selection, wherein 30-50 g/t of collecting agent salicylhydroxamic acid and 10-30 g/t of foaming agent pinitol oil are sequentially added in the once roughing, and no medicament is added in the fine selection.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101643834A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-02-10 | 云南锡业集团（控股）有限责任公司 | Combined process flow processing method of high-iron low-tin oxidized ore |
| CN107034354A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-11 | 中南大学 | Additive and tin iron tailings calcification baking Separation of Tin iron method for strong permanent magnet ore deposit type tin iron tailings calcification baking |
| CN107262292A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-20 | 广西壮族自治区地质矿产测试研究中心 | Preparation method and application of fine-grain cassiterite collecting agent |
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- 2020-11-03 CN CN202011207323.XA patent/CN112143880A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101643834A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-02-10 | 云南锡业集团（控股）有限责任公司 | Combined process flow processing method of high-iron low-tin oxidized ore |
| CN107034354A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-11 | 中南大学 | Additive and tin iron tailings calcification baking Separation of Tin iron method for strong permanent magnet ore deposit type tin iron tailings calcification baking |
| CN107262292A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-20 | 广西壮族自治区地质矿产测试研究中心 | Preparation method and application of fine-grain cassiterite collecting agent |
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