CN112143248A - High-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112143248A CN112143248A CN202011033338.9A CN202011033338A CN112143248A CN 112143248 A CN112143248 A CN 112143248A CN 202011033338 A CN202011033338 A CN 202011033338A CN 112143248 A CN112143248 A CN 112143248A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate
- C08K2003/323—Ammonium polyphosphate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of insulating materials, and particularly discloses a high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material and a preparation process thereof, wherein the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material consists of the following components: plant residues, glycerol, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin, silk fibroin, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent. The components of the environment-friendly insulating material disclosed by the invention are mostly natural materials, so that the environment-friendly insulating material is environment-friendly, non-toxic, degradable and good in biocompatibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of insulating materials, and particularly discloses a high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material and a preparation process thereof.
Background
At present, in the power industry, as an insulation or sheath material of a wire or a cable, resin or plastic which takes non-degradable petroleum resources such as polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride as raw materials is generally adopted as an insulator, so that the wire or cable has excellent service performance and long service life. But basically cannot be degraded or can be decomposed in hundreds of years due to the structural characteristics and the like. Once the waste is discarded, the environment is seriously affected, and if the waste is incinerated, a large amount of toxic and harmful gas is generated, so that the environmental safety is harmed; land resources are occupied during landfill, and the soil has great environmental risk of organic matter precipitation; even if the material is recycled, only part of the material which is large in volume, easy to recycle and not aged or crosslinked can be recycled, and most of wires and cables cannot be recycled to cause environmental risks. And because petroleum resources are increasingly exhausted, the wire insulation material prepared by taking petroleum as a chemical raw material also faces the risk of being unavailable continuously. In practical situations where both of the above aspects are difficult. It is urgently needed to develop a novel high-temperature-resistant degradable insulating material to replace the resin which takes the existing non-degradable petroleum resources such as polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride and the like as raw materials to be used as an insulator.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material and the preparation process thereof, and the components are mainly natural materials, so that the environment-friendly degradable environment-friendly insulating material is environment-friendly, non-toxic, degradable and good in biocompatibility.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material is characterized by comprising the following components: plant residues, glycerol, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin, silk fibroin, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent.
Further, the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 portions of plant residues
70-100 parts of glycerol
60-90 parts of polylactic acid
30-60 parts of polybutylene succinate
20-40 parts of modified amylopectin
20-40 parts of silk fibroin
20-30 parts of flame retardant
10-20 parts of antioxidant
10-20 parts of mica powder
5-10 parts of a coupling agent.
Further, in the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material, the plant residues are bagasse.
Further, the average particle size of the bagasse is less than 0.25 mm.
Further, the modified amylopectin starch is prepared by the following process: under the protection of argon, uniformly mixing starch, ultrapure water and maleic anhydride, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 45min, adding potassium persulfate, uniformly mixing, stirring for 20min, adding prenol, uniformly mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 80min, heating to 105 ℃, extracting for 55h, drying in a vacuum oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ to constant weight, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified starch.
Further, according to the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material, the flame retardant is prepared by mixing ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 3: 1.
Further, in the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material, the antioxidant is liquiritin.
Further, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.
Further, the preparation process of the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following steps:
(1) adding plant fiber, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin and silk fibroin into a mixer, and slowly adding glycerol during high-speed mixing; heating to 60-80 deg.C, and maintaining the temperature for 30-60 min;
(2) taking out the mixture, putting the mixture into a vacuum stirring kettle, heating to 120 ℃ and adding a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent; stirring and reacting for 60-90min under the pressure of 0.05-0.10 Mpa;
(3) putting the mixture after the stirring reaction into an extruder, and extruding and granulating, wherein the temperature of an extrusion area is 110-; cooling for 12h and shaping at normal temperature after extrusion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material and a preparation process thereof, the material takes waste plant residues, particularly bagasse as a core material, changes waste into valuable, is environment-friendly and degradable, and further, the strength and toughness of the core material are enhanced by using environment-friendly degradable materials such as silk fibroin, polylactic acid, modified amylopectin and the like, and an environment-friendly flame retardant and an antioxidant are further added to perform combined action to prepare the high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material, wherein 90% of the materials can be biodegraded after reaching the service life, and the material is environment-friendly and pollution-free.
Detailed Description
A high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components: plant residues, glycerol, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin, silk fibroin, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent;
the environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 portions of plant residues
70-100 parts of glycerol
60-90 parts of polylactic acid
30-60 parts of polybutylene succinate
20-40 parts of modified amylopectin
20-40 parts of silk fibroin
20-30 parts of flame retardant
10-20 parts of antioxidant
10-20 parts of mica powder
5-10 parts of coupling agent
Preferably, the plant residue is bagasse; the average grain size of the bagasse is less than 0.25 mm; the modified amylopectin is prepared by the following process: under the protection of argon, uniformly mixing starch, ultrapure water and maleic anhydride, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 45min, adding potassium persulfate, uniformly mixing, stirring for 20min, adding prenol, uniformly mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 80min, heating to 105 ℃, extracting for 55h, drying in a vacuum oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ to constant weight, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified starch; the flame retardant is prepared by mixing ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 3: 1; the antioxidant is liquiritin; the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent;
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding plant fiber, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin and silk fibroin into a mixer, and slowly adding glycerol during high-speed mixing; heating to 60-80 deg.C, and maintaining the temperature for 30-60 min;
(2) taking out the mixture, putting the mixture into a vacuum stirring kettle, heating to 120 ℃ and adding a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent; stirring and reacting for 60-90min under the pressure of 0.05-0.10 Mpa;
(3) putting the mixture after the stirring reaction into an extruder, and extruding and granulating, wherein the temperature of an extrusion area is 110-; cooling for 12h and shaping at normal temperature after extrusion.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples are merely illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All the technologies realized based on the above-mentioned contents of the present invention are covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available products or can be prepared by known methods.
Example 1
A high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components: plant residues, glycerol, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin, silk fibroin, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent;
the environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 portions of plant residues
70 portions of glycerin
60 parts of polylactic acid
30 portions of polybutylene succinate
20 portions of modified amylopectin
20 portions of silk fibroin
20 portions of flame retardant
10 portions of antioxidant
10 portions of mica powder
Coupling agent 5 parts
Preferably, the plant residue is bagasse; the average grain size of the bagasse is less than 0.25 mm; the modified amylopectin is prepared by the following process: under the protection of argon, uniformly mixing starch, ultrapure water and maleic anhydride, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 45min, adding potassium persulfate, uniformly mixing, stirring for 20min, adding prenol, uniformly mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 80min, heating to 105 ℃, extracting for 55h, drying in a vacuum oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ to constant weight, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified starch; the flame retardant is prepared by mixing ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 3: 1; the antioxidant is liquiritin; the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent;
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding plant fiber, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin and silk fibroin into a mixer, and slowly adding glycerol during high-speed mixing; heating to 60 deg.C, and maintaining the temperature for 30 min;
(2) taking out the mixture, putting the mixture into a vacuum stirring kettle, heating to 100 ℃, and adding a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent; stirring and reacting for 60min under the pressure of 0.05 Mpa;
(3) putting the mixture after the stirring reaction into an extruder, and extruding and granulating, wherein the temperature of an extrusion area is 110 ℃, the rotating speed of a feeding screw is 30r/min, and the rotating speed of an extrusion screw is 150 r/min; cooling for 12h and shaping at normal temperature after extrusion.
Example 2
A high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components: plant residues, glycerol, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin, silk fibroin, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent;
the environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 portions of plant residues
85 parts of glycerol
75 parts of polylactic acid
Polybutylene succinate 45 parts
30 portions of modified amylopectin
30 parts of silk fibroin
25 portions of flame retardant
15 portions of antioxidant
15 parts of mica powder
Coupling agent 7.5 parts
Preferably, the plant residue is bagasse; the average grain size of the bagasse is less than 0.25 mm; the modified amylopectin is prepared by the following process: under the protection of argon, uniformly mixing starch, ultrapure water and maleic anhydride, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 45min, adding potassium persulfate, uniformly mixing, stirring for 20min, adding prenol, uniformly mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 80min, heating to 105 ℃, extracting for 55h, drying in a vacuum oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ to constant weight, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified starch; the flame retardant is prepared by mixing ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 3: 1; the antioxidant is liquiritin; the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent;
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding plant fiber, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin and silk fibroin into a mixer, and slowly adding glycerol during high-speed mixing; heating to 70 deg.C, and maintaining for 45 min;
(2) taking out the mixture, putting the mixture into a vacuum stirring kettle, heating to 110 ℃, and adding a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent; stirring and reacting for 75min under the pressure of 0.075 Mpa;
(3) putting the mixture after the stirring reaction into an extruder, and extruding and granulating, wherein the temperature of an extrusion area is 125 ℃, the rotating speed of a feeding screw is 30r/min, and the rotating speed of an extrusion screw is 150 r/min; cooling for 12h and shaping at normal temperature after extrusion.
Example 3
A high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components: plant residues, glycerol, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin, silk fibroin, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent;
the environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 portions of plant residues
70-100 parts of glycerol
60-90 parts of polylactic acid
30-60 parts of polybutylene succinate
20-40 parts of modified amylopectin
20-40 parts of silk fibroin
20-30 parts of flame retardant
10-20 parts of antioxidant
10-20 parts of mica powder
5-10 parts of coupling agent
Preferably, the plant residue is bagasse; the average grain size of the bagasse is less than 0.25 mm; the modified amylopectin is prepared by the following process: under the protection of argon, uniformly mixing starch, ultrapure water and maleic anhydride, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 45min, adding potassium persulfate, uniformly mixing, stirring for 20min, adding prenol, uniformly mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 80min, heating to 105 ℃, extracting for 55h, drying in a vacuum oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ to constant weight, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified starch; the flame retardant is prepared by mixing ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 3: 1; the antioxidant is liquiritin; the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent;
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding plant fiber, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin and silk fibroin into a mixer, and slowly adding glycerol during high-speed mixing; heating to 60-80 deg.C, and maintaining the temperature for 30-60 min;
(2) taking out the mixture, putting the mixture into a vacuum stirring kettle, heating to 120 ℃ and adding a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent; stirring and reacting for 60-90min under the pressure of 0.05-0.10 Mpa;
(3) putting the mixture after the stirring reaction into an extruder, and extruding and granulating, wherein the temperature of an extrusion area is 110-; cooling for 12h and shaping at normal temperature after extrusion.
Test example
The high temperature resistant and degradable environment-friendly insulation materials prepared according to examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance tests with commercially available high temperature resistant insulation materials, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 comparative testing
From the above data of examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that the high temperature resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material disclosed by the present invention is excellent in high temperature resistance and insulating property.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material is characterized by comprising the following components: plant residues, glycerol, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin, silk fibroin, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent.
2. The high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the environment-friendly insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 portions of plant residues
70-100 parts of glycerol
60-90 parts of polylactic acid
30-60 parts of polybutylene succinate
20-40 parts of modified amylopectin
20-40 parts of silk fibroin
20-30 parts of flame retardant
10-20 parts of antioxidant
10-20 parts of mica powder
5-10 parts of a coupling agent.
3. The high temperature resistant and degradable environment-friendly insulating material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plant residue is bagasse.
4. The high temperature resistant and degradable environment-friendly insulating material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bagasse has an average particle size of less than 0.25 mm.
5. The high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the modified amylopectin starch is prepared by the following process: under the protection of argon, uniformly mixing starch, ultrapure water and maleic anhydride, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 45min, adding potassium persulfate, uniformly mixing, stirring for 20min, adding prenol, uniformly mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 80min, heating to 105 ℃, extracting for 55h, drying in a vacuum oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ to constant weight, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified starch.
6. The high-temperature-resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the flame retardant is prepared by mixing ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 3: 1.
7. The high temperature resistant and degradable environment-friendly insulating material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the antioxidant is liquiritin.
8. The environment-friendly insulating material capable of resisting high temperature and degrading as claimed in claim 2, wherein the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.
9. The process for preparing the high temperature resistant degradable environment-friendly insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding plant fiber, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified amylopectin and silk fibroin into a mixer, and slowly adding glycerol during high-speed mixing; heating to 60-80 deg.C, and maintaining the temperature for 30-60 min;
(2) taking out the mixture, putting the mixture into a vacuum stirring kettle, heating to 120 ℃ and adding a flame retardant, an antioxidant, mica powder and a coupling agent; stirring and reacting for 60-90min under the pressure of 0.05-0.10 Mpa;
(3) putting the mixture after the stirring reaction into an extruder, and extruding and granulating, wherein the temperature of an extrusion area is 110-; cooling for 12h and shaping at normal temperature after extrusion.
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