CN112142887A - Polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer unit and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer unit and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units, a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly discloses a polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units and application thereof in removing heavy metal ions, belonging to the technical field of heavy metal treatment. The polymer obtained by polymerizing the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer can be used for adsorbing heavy metal ions, can be used for adsorbing the heavy metal ions in water and liquid medicine, has high adsorption efficiency, and does not influence other components in the solution while removing the heavy metals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal treatment, and relates to a polymer containing a 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer unit, and a preparation method and application thereof. More particularly, it relates to a polymer containing 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate monomer unit and its application in removing heavy metal ion.
Background
In recent years, heavy metal pollution has become more severe. As one of exogenous pollutants, the problem of heavy metal pollution of traditional Chinese medicinal materials has become a main problem influencing the wide application of traditional Chinese medicines, and limits the international step of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
At the present stage, more methods are used for removing heavy metals from a single water body, and the research is more complete, such as an adsorption method commonly adopted at present. However, the medium in the decoction of the Chinese herbal medicine is complex, and if the method for removing the heavy metal from the single water body is applied to the decoction of the Chinese herbal medicine, the heavy metal can be removed while other components in the liquid medicine are affected.
Therefore, how to provide a polymer with high adsorption efficiency, specificity and capability of removing heavy metal ions is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer unit and a preparation method thereof, and specifically discloses an application of the polymer in removing heavy metal ions, aiming at the problems existing in the prior art.
The polymer provided by the invention can be used for adsorbing heavy metal ions, and has high adsorption efficiency when being used for adsorbing heavy metal ions in water; the heavy metal ion adsorption device is applied to adsorption of heavy metal ions in liquid medicine, not only is the adsorption efficiency high, but also other components in the liquid medicine are not affected while heavy metals are removed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a polymer comprising 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer units, the polymer having the formula:
wherein n is 50 to 1000, preferably 100 to 500.
Preferably, the polymer is homopolymerized from a 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer having the structure:
wherein the mass of the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer units in the polymer is 100% of the mass of the polymer.
Exemplarily, referring to the attached figure 1 of the specification, the invention carries out structural characterization on the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate polymer through nuclear magnetic spectrum.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing the above polymer containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer units.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units comprises the following specific steps:
carrying out polymerization reaction on 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer and azodiisobutyronitrile in an oxygen-free environment to obtain the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate polymer.
Preferably, the addition mass ratio of the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer to the azobisisobutyronitrile is (400-1000) g: (0.4-1) g.
Further preferably, the addition mass ratio of the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer to the azobisisobutyronitrile is (500-800) g: (0.5-0.8) g.
Preferably, the temperature of the polymerization reaction is 50-80 ℃, and the polymerization reaction time is 0.5-3 h.
Further preferably, the temperature of the polymerization reaction is 60-70 ℃, and the polymerization reaction time is 1.5-2 h.
It should be noted that the oxygen-free environment is preferably provided by a nitrogen atmosphere. The homopolymerization method in the present invention is not particularly limited, and any polymerization method known to those skilled in the art may be used.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of the above-mentioned polymer comprising 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer units for the removal of heavy metal ions.
Further, the preparation of the heavy metal adsorbent by using the polymer containing the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer unit comprises the following steps:
1) mixing the polymer containing the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer unit with an organic solvent to obtain a polymer solution;
2) dropwise adding a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution into the polymer solution to obtain a polymer hydrolysate;
3) and (3) freeze-drying the polymer hydrolysate, and mixing with water to obtain the heavy metal adsorbent.
Preferably, the organic solvent is methanol, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or N-N dimethylformamide; and the dosage ratio of the polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units to the organic solvent is 140-160 g: 50-70 mL.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution is 15-45 mg/mL, the dropping speed is 80-100 drops/min, and the stirring reaction time is 10-12 h.
More preferably, the mass concentration of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution is 20-35 mg/mL, the dropping speed is 90-95 drops/min, and the adding mass ratio of the freeze-dried product to water is 1 (10-100), preferably 1 (30-60).
Meanwhile, when the detected water body is sewage, the dosage of the heavy metal adsorbent is 1-3 mg/mL; when the water body is a liquid medicine, the dosage of the heavy metal adsorbent is 0.5-1 mg/mL.
The heavy metal adsorbent is mixed with a water body to be detected and centrifuged, and the obtained supernatant is the water body from which the heavy metal is removed.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the polymer containing the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer unit, the preparation method and the application thereof have the following excellent effects:
the invention provides a polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units, which is obtained by homopolymerization of 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomers and can be used for adsorption of heavy metal ions. When the polymer is used for adsorbing heavy metal ions in water, the adsorption efficiency is high; the polymer is applied to the liquid medicine for adsorbing heavy metal ions, so that the adsorption efficiency is high, and other components in the liquid medicine cannot be influenced while heavy metals are removed. Experimental data of embodiments show that when the polymer prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is used for adsorbing heavy metal ions, the removal rate of the heavy metal can reach 99.31%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic representation of the ethyl 2-hydroxymethylacrylate polymer of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a nuclear magnetic characterization of the hydrolyzed ethyl 2-hydroxymethylacrylate polymer of example 1;
FIG. 3 shows Cu removal from Chuan Xiong liquid in example 72+And Cd removal in example 112+A graph of the concentration change of the front and back effective components ferulic acid;
FIG. 4 shows Cu removal from Coptidis rhizoma solution in example 152+And Cd removal from Coptidis rhizoma solution in example 222+The change chart of the concentration of the post effective component berberine hydrochloride;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the precipitation of 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate material for removing copper (a), cadmium (b), lead (c) and mercury (d) ions.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a polymer which has high adsorption efficiency and specificity and can remove heavy metal ions, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The present invention will be further specifically illustrated by the following examples for better understanding, but the present invention is not to be construed as being limited thereto, and certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a polymer obtained by polymerizing a 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer with a structure shown in a formula I:
the polymer is obtained by homopolymerization of a 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer with a structure shown in a formula I; the mass of the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer unit in the polymer is 100 percent of the mass of the polymer.
In the present invention, when the polymer is obtained by homopolymerization of a 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer having a structure represented by formula I, the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
carrying out polymerization reaction on 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer and azodiisobutyronitrile in an oxygen-free environment to obtain the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate polymer.
In the invention, the preferable use ratio of the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer to the azobisisobutyronitrile is 400-1000 g: 0.4-1 g, more preferably 500-800 g: 0.5 to 0.8 g.
In the invention, the temperature of the polymerization reaction is preferably 50-80 ℃, and more preferably 60-70 ℃; the time of the polymerization reaction is preferably 0.5 to 3 hours, and more preferably 1.5 to 2 hours.
In the present invention, the oxygen-free environment is preferably provided by a nitrogen atmosphere.
In the present invention, the polymer is preferably a polymer having a structure represented by formula II;
in the formula II, n is 50-1000, preferably 100-500.
The polymer having the structure shown in formula II is obtained by homopolymerizing the monomer having the structure shown in formula I, and the homopolymerization method is not particularly limited in the invention, and a polymerization method well known to those skilled in the art can be selected.
In the present invention, the oxygen-free environment is provided by a nitrogen atmosphere.
The invention also provides application of the polymer in removing heavy metal ions.
The invention preferably prepares the adsorbent by the polymer, and the adsorbent is used for adsorbing heavy metal ions to remove the heavy metal ions.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the adsorbent comprises the steps of:
1) mixing the polymer with an organic solvent to obtain a polymer solution;
2) dropwise adding a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution into the polymer solution to obtain a polymer hydrolysate;
3) and (3) freeze-drying the polymer hydrolysate, and mixing with water to obtain the heavy metal adsorbent.
In the present invention, the organic solvent is preferably methanol; the dosage ratio of the copolymer to the organic solvent is preferably 140-160 g: 50-70 mL.
In the present invention, the mixing is preferably stirring mixing, and the stirring time is preferably 12 hours. The stirring rate is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a stirring rate known to those skilled in the art may be selected.
After obtaining the copolymer solution, the invention adds the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution into the polymer solution dropwise to obtain the polymer hydrolysate.
In the invention, the mass concentration of the lithium hydroxide solution is preferably 15-45 mg/mL, and more preferably 20-35 mg/mL; the dripping speed is preferably 80-100 drops/min, and more preferably 90-95 drops/min.
In the invention, the dropwise addition is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, the stirring time is preferably 10-12 h, the stirring speed is not particularly limited in the invention, and the stirring speed known by a person skilled in the art can be selected.
And then, after the polymer hydrolysate is subjected to freeze drying, mixing the obtained dried product with water to obtain the heavy metal adsorbent.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the dried product to water is preferably 1:10 to 100, and more preferably 1:30 to 60.
The invention preferably mixes the adsorbent with the water body to be detected and centrifuges the mixture, and the obtained supernatant is the water body from which the heavy metal is removed.
In the present invention, the adsorbent is preferably a compound having a structure represented by formula II.
In the invention, when the adsorbent is a polymer with a structure shown in a formula II, and when a detected water body is sewage, the dosage of the adsorbent is 1-3 mg/mL; when the water body is a liquid medicine, the dosage of the adsorbent is 0.5-1 mg/mL.
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
1) Adding 2.5mg of azobisisobutyronitrile into 0.5g of 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer, carrying out oil bath at 63 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and stirring for 1.5 hours to obtain 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate homopolymer, wherein the nuclear magnetic characterization graph of the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate homopolymer is shown in figure 1.
2) 120mg of 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate homopolymer was dissolved in 50mL of methanol, and 80mg of lithium hydroxide was dissolved in H2And O10mL, slowly adding the LiOH aqueous solution into the system in an ice bath, stirring overnight to obtain polymer hydrolysate, and mixing with water after freeze drying to obtain the heavy metal adsorbent.
Example 2
0.5mg of the adsorbent of example 1 was weighed out in 100. mu.L of water, and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min in 100mg/L heavy metal water solution, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 36.26%.
Example 3
1mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min in 100mg/L heavy metal water solution, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 43.61%.
Example 4
3mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min in 100mg/L heavy metal water solution, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 67.49%.
Example 5
0.5mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min in 100mg/L heavy metal water solution, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 18.17%.
Example 6
1mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min in 100mg/L heavy metal water solution, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 62.82%.
Example 7
1mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+The rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong solution with concentration of 100mg/L is vortexed for 30min, centrifuged (30min,13000r/min), detecting Cu in the supernatant2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 54.12%.
Example 8
3mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant in rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong liquid medicine with concentration of 100mg/L2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 56.12%.
Example 9
6mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant in rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong liquid medicine with concentration of 100mg/L2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 54.15%.
Example 10
9mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant in rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong liquid medicine with concentration of 100mg/L2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 54.24%.
Example 11
1mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 61.29%.
Example 12
3mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 74.03%.
Example 13
6mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 61.29%.
Example 14
9mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 83.91%.
Example 15
1mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant in Coptidis rhizoma medicinal liquid with concentration of 100mg/L2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 62.61%.
Example 16
3mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant in Coptidis rhizoma medicinal liquid with concentration of 100mg/L2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 71.79%.
Example 17
6mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant in Coptidis rhizoma medicinal liquid with concentration of 100mg/L2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 74.98%.
Example 18
9mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cu2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cu in supernatant in Coptidis rhizoma medicinal liquid with concentration of 100mg/L2+Concentration to thereby obtain Cu2+The removal rate of (D) was 80.58%.
Example 19
0.5mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 72.42%.
Example 20
1mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 84.90%.
Example 21
3mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 97.92%.
Example 22
6mg of the adsorbent of example 1 in 100. mu.L of water was weighed and added to Cd2+Swirling for 30min, centrifuging (30min, 13000r/min), and detecting Cd in supernatant2+Concentration to obtain Cd2+The removal rate of (D) was 99.31%.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The inventive content is not limited to the content of the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein combinations of one or several of the embodiments may also achieve the object of the invention.
According to the characteristic that heavy metal ions are easily combined with groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, sulfydryl and the like, and the polymethacrylate hydrolysate has a large number of structures of hydroxyl and carboxyl, the polymethacrylate hydrolysate has good exertion potential in the aspect of removing heavy metals. In the early stage of the experiment, the removal effect of the polymethacrylic acid on the market is tested as a research object, and the result shows that the polymethacrylic acid has no adsorption effect on copper, mercury, lead and cadmium heavy metal ions with the concentration of 0.1mg/mL, when the concentration of the heavy metal ions is increased to 0.5mg/mL, a large amount of lead ions are precipitated, and the removal rate of the polymethacrylic acid on the lead ions can reach 62.09% through detection.
To further verify the excellent effects of the present invention, the inventors also conducted the following experiments:
(1) structure and performance characterization of product polymer materials
As can be seen from the spectrogram 1 and 2, the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate polymer can be prepared by the technical scheme disclosed and protected by the invention; as can be seen from FIGS. 3 to 4, the prepared 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate polymer material has no influence on the effective components in the traditional Chinese medicine liquid.
(2) In order to explore the adsorption effect of ethyl 2-hydroxymethyl acrylate on different types and concentrations of heavy metal ions in water, 0.1mg/mL, 0.5mg/mL, 1mg/mL, 2mg/mL of copper ions, cadmium ions, lead ions and mercury ions were removed by using 30mg/mL of ethyl 2-hydroxymethyl acrylate material.
As a result, the prepared 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate polymer material still has the removal effect on the heavy metal ions of 0.1mg/mL, and the concentration of the heavy metal ions removed by the material is set to be 0.1mg/mL in consideration of the low concentration of the heavy metal ions in the actual liquid medicine, and the precipitation of the heavy metal ions removed by the material is shown in FIG. 5.
And (3) by taking polymethacrylic acid as a contrast, exploring the advantages of the nano material in the adsorption performance. When the adsorption effect of polymethacrylic acid on heavy metal ions is researched, the polymethacrylic acid is respectively prepared into 5, 10, 30, 60, 90 and 120mg/mL solutions, 100 mu L of the solutions are respectively added into 1mL of copper, mercury, lead and cadmium ion solutions with the concentration of 0.1mg/mL, no precipitation is found, the concentration of the heavy metal ion solution is further increased to 0.5mg/mL, obvious precipitation is observed in the lead ion solution after vortex and centrifugation, and the removal rate of the lead ions by the concentrations is respectively 62.09%, 61.68%, 54.25%, 52.66%, 53.27% and 52.17% by detecting precipitation supernate.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A polymer comprising 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer units, wherein the polymer has the formula:
wherein n is 50 to 1000.
2. The polymer of claim 1, wherein the polymer is derived from homopolymerization of a 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate monomer having the structure:
wherein the mass of the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer units in the polymer is 100% of the mass of the polymer.
3. A method for preparing a polymer containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer units according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the following steps:
carrying out polymerization reaction on 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer and azodiisobutyronitrile in an oxygen-free environment to obtain the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate polymer.
4. The method for preparing a polymer containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer units according to claim 3, wherein the addition mass ratio of the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer to the azobisisobutyronitrile is (400-1000) g: (0.4-1) g.
5. The method for preparing the polymer containing the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer unit according to claim 3, wherein the polymerization reaction temperature is 50-80 ℃ and the polymerization reaction time is 0.5-3 h.
6. Use of a polymer comprising 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or a polymer comprising 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units prepared according to any one of claims 3 to 5 for the removal of heavy metal ions.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein the preparation of the heavy metal adsorbent from the polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units comprises the following steps:
1) mixing the polymer containing the 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer unit with an organic solvent to obtain a polymer solution;
2) dropwise adding a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution into the polymer solution, and stirring to obtain a polymer hydrolysate;
3) and (3) freeze-drying the polymer hydrolysate, and mixing with water to obtain the heavy metal adsorbent.
8. Use according to claim 7, wherein the organic solvent is methanol, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or N-N dimethylformamide; and the dosage ratio of the polymer containing 2-hydroxymethyl ethyl acrylate monomer units to the organic solvent is 140-160 g: 50-70 mL.
9. The application of claim 7, wherein the mass concentration of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution is 15-45 mg/mL, the dropping speed is 80-100 drops/min, and the stirring reaction time is 10-12 h.
10. The application of any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein when the detected water body is sewage, the amount of the heavy metal adsorbent is 1 to 3 mg/mL; when the water body is a liquid medicine, the dosage of the heavy metal adsorbent is 0.5-1 mg/mL.
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