CN112141307A

CN112141307A - Ship externally-hung propulsion device using nacelle type electric propeller

Info

Publication number: CN112141307A
Application number: CN202011143070.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈维加
Original assignee: 陈维加
Current assignee: Suzhou Pawamax Power Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-10-23
Filing date: 2020-10-23
Publication date: 2020-12-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship external-hanging propulsion device using a pod type electric propeller, which comprises a stern connecting frame fixed to the tail part of a ship, and is characterized by also comprising a navigation floating body and a navigation floating body connecting frame, wherein the lower part of the navigation floating body is provided with the pod type electric propeller; the sailing floating body connecting frame is rigidly connected with the stern connecting frame through a detachable connecting mechanism, and the sailing floating body is connected to the sailing floating body connecting frame through a hinge type connecting mechanism, can swing up and down relative to the sailing floating body connecting frame, and also comprises a controller which is arranged on the ship and is controlled by a driver in a wired or wireless communication mode. The invention is used for solving the pollution problem of the fuel oil motor ship and the endurance problem of the electric ship with a built-in battery, and has better control performance, high propulsion efficiency and better connection reliability with the ship.

Description

Ship externally-hung propulsion device using nacelle type electric propeller

Technical Field

The invention relates to a ship externally hung propulsion device using a pod type electric propeller.

Background

With the rapid development of society, the number of fuel (diesel oil or gasoline) motor vehicles and boats is increased extremely rapidly, and the air pollution is also serious while the life of people is improved. In recent years, various measures are taken by the nation to reduce air pollution, and the policy of supporting new energy automobiles is particularly and vigorously promoted. Therefore, in short years, the technologies of batteries, motors, control systems and whole vehicles are rapidly developed, and the proportion of electric vehicles is rapidly increased. The discharge capacity per horsepower of a marine vessel is far more severe than that of an automobile. According to a research report on atmospheric pollutants of ships in Jiangsu province, which is published by the environmental detection center in Jiangsu province in 2014 12 months, the water transportation condition and the ship pollution in China are investigated in great detail. Compared with ships in the world, the ship engine in China has obvious defects, and low-end diesel engines are widely applied, so that the difference from the international level exists. In the aspect of air pollution of marine diesel engines, the emission of China is far higher than the level of developed countries in Europe and America. With the further development of economy in China, the pollution of ships is more and more serious, so that how to control and reduce the exhaust emission of ships is urgent.

Of course, in terms of pollution control, a better method that can be conceived at present is to use an electric ship with a built-in battery (a ship with a battery and an electric driving device directly mounted on the hull) to replace an oil-burning engine ship, but considering the problem of continuous endurance of a commercial ship with a long single-time driving time and the problem of high cost of the battery, if the built-in battery is used, the method cannot be applied to the application environment of the commercial ship, and the defects are mainly expressed in the following aspects:

1. commercial long-distance transportation usually requires 24 hours of operation, but the single charging endurance mileage of the electric ship is usually short; even if an individual ship adopts an ultra-large-capacity battery, the requirement of long-distance navigation cannot be met, and the ultra-large-capacity battery causes the problems of inconvenience in replacement, high price and long charging time, so that the service cycle and the efficiency of the ship cannot be ensured;

2. considering the time for unloading and finishing the ship, the actual sailing time is less than 1/3, so the battery charging times of the electric ship are few, the utilization rate is extremely low, the battery cycle life can not be reached even for decades, and the shipowner can not recover the battery investment cost;

3. for the charging of the electric ship, the large-current charging pile is far away, the charging cable is heavy, and the loss is large;

4. the electric ship has a large ship body and long charging time, and cannot provide enough chargeable berths according to the number of berths of the conventional wharf and port (for example, less than 20 chargeable berths can be set on a 1km river bank);

5. the first investment cost of a new ship is too high, and a low-cost structure for inland river shipping cannot bear;

6. the single ship has large electric quantity, the safety requirement level is far higher than that of an automobile, and the large-size battery is directly arranged on the ship body, so that once dangerous consequences occur, the situation is not easy to imagine.

In addition, if various existing ship bodies are electrically transformed or an electric ship is directly adopted to replace an existing ship, the electric ship is obviously unrealistic, batch production, transformation and authentication cannot be realized due to different ship specifications, the processing difficulty is high, a large amount of ship bodies of the existing ship can be abandoned, and a large amount of resources are wasted.

The pod type electric propeller is a ship propelling tool with a mature technology at present, and mainly comprises a pod body, a driving motor, a planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, a propeller and a horizontal rotating mechanism, wherein the driving motor and the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism are arranged in the pod body, a rotor shaft of the driving motor is connected with an output shaft through the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism in a coaxial mode, and the propeller is fixed on the output shaft. The upper part of the nacelle body is connected with a horizontal rotating mechanism through a steering shaft, and the nacelle type electric propeller can horizontally rotate within 360 degrees by virtue of the horizontal rotating mechanism so as to realize vector propulsion. Compared with the conventional electric propeller, the propeller has the biggest characteristics that the driving motor and the propeller are coaxially arranged, the propeller thrust is concentrated, the propelling efficiency is high, the driving motor is immersed below the water surface like the propeller, water cooling can be directly utilized, and an additional cooling mechanism is not needed.

Although the pod-type electric propeller provides great convenience and flexibility in maneuvering a ship using the same, the problem of endurance still remains when the pod-type electric propeller is directly mounted on the ship.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the ship externally-hung propulsion device using the pod type electric propeller is used as an independent device for providing navigation power for the existing ship so as to solve the pollution problem of the existing fuel oil motor ship and the endurance problem of the electric ship with a built-in battery, and the externally-hung electric propulsion device has better control performance and propulsion efficiency and better connection reliability with the ship.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a ship external-hanging propulsion device using a pod type electric propeller comprises a stern connecting frame fixed to the tail part of a ship, and is characterized by further comprising a navigation floating body and a navigation floating body connecting frame, wherein the lower part of the navigation floating body is provided with the pod type electric propeller, and a driver for driving the pod type electric propeller to operate and a battery electrically connected with the pod type electric propeller and the driver are arranged in the navigation floating body; the sailing floating body connecting frame is rigidly connected with the stern connecting frame through a detachable connecting mechanism, and the sailing floating body is connected to the sailing floating body connecting frame through a hinge type connecting mechanism, can swing up and down relative to the sailing floating body connecting frame, and also comprises a controller which is arranged on the ship and is controlled by a driver in a wired or wireless communication mode.

Furthermore, the hinge type connecting mechanism is a single hinge or a plurality of hinges which are coaxially distributed at intervals along the width direction of the ship;

or the hinge type connecting mechanisms comprise a plurality of hinge type unit connecting mechanisms distributed along the width direction of the ship and at least comprise two hinge type unit connecting mechanisms symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the navigation floating body, each hinge type unit connecting mechanism is a single elastic connecting rod or an elastic connecting rod group consisting of a plurality of elastic connecting rods which are parallel and longitudinally distributed, and the two ends of each elastic connecting rod are respectively connected with the navigation floating body connecting frame and the navigation floating body through hinges.

Furthermore, the elastic connecting rod is a spring or a spring steel rod.

It should be noted that the ship in the present invention is an existing engine-powered ship, including an existing fuel-powered (diesel and gasoline) ship and an electric ship with a built-in battery, or a wind-powered ship (sailing ship), etc. In any type of ship, the characteristic of the pod type electric propeller can freely control the sailing direction and speed, so that the externally-hung propulsion device can provide excellent propulsion control power for the ship.

In practical use, the invention is usually arranged at a charging dock, and butt joint installation is carried out under the condition that a ship body is in shore, and naturally, the installation operation can also be carried out by dragging the electric replacing ship to the navigation position of the ship. Or, the invention can be controlled to sail by an external controller, so that the docking of the invention with a ship is convenient, and particularly, the docking with the ship in sailing (in a non-landing state) is convenient. In actual operation, a worker may stand on a shore or a pushed ship or a peripheral ship to control the propulsion device of the present invention to sail to a position behind the pushed ship, and then the worker performs a coupling operation.

Furthermore, the detachable connecting mechanism comprises more than two connecting unit mechanisms which are connected with the stern connecting frame and the sailing floating body connecting frame, and at least two connecting unit mechanisms are distributed in the width direction of the ship in equal height or in a staggered way; the dimension freedom of the electric propulsion device relative to the ship in the horizontal direction is reduced, and the connection stability and reliability of the electric propulsion device and the ship are improved. Each connecting unit mechanism is selected from one of a spring buckle mechanism, a loop bar mechanism, a manual mechanical locking mechanism, an electric mechanical locking mechanism and an electromagnetic locking mechanism, and comprises a female end connecting mechanism arranged on the stern connecting frame and a male end connecting mechanism arranged on the navigation floating body connecting frame and matched with the female end connecting mechanism.

The detachable connecting mechanism is designed to facilitate the quick butt joint and reliable fixation between the stern connecting frame and the navigation floating body connecting frame. The design forms of the male end connecting mechanism and the female end connecting mechanism and the matching structures of the male end connecting mechanism and the female end connecting mechanism are various and are common quick connecting mechanisms in the industry at present, and the above list is not exhaustive.

Taking the existing snap ring mechanism as an example, the snap ring mechanism is composed of a snap ring body and a connecting ring or a connecting rod matched with the snap ring body, the snap ring body is used as a male end connecting mechanism to be fixed or integrally designed on an aviation floating body connecting frame, and the connecting ring or the connecting rod is used as a female end connecting mechanism to be fixed on a stern connecting frame. Therefore, the connection can be completed only by pushing the spring snap ring body to clamp the connecting ring or the connecting rod.

Or, the connecting unit mechanism is a manual mechanical locking mechanism, and one structural form of the connecting unit mechanism is as follows: the female end connecting mechanism is a connecting rod which is arranged on the stern connecting frame in a longitudinal or transverse mode, the male end connecting mechanism comprises a lock catch seat, a V-shaped swing arm, a double-section locking arm and a driving rod which are fixed to the navigation floating body connecting frame, a first hinge seat and a second hinge seat are arranged on the lock catch seat at intervals, the bending point of the V-shaped swing arm is hinged to the first hinge seat, the double-section locking arm comprises a first section arm and a second section arm, one end of the V-shaped swing arm is formed into a lock catch which is buckled on the connecting rod, the other end of the V-shaped swing arm is hinged to one end of the first section arm through a hinge shaft, the other end of the first section arm is hinged to one end of the second section arm through the hinge shaft, and the other end of the second section arm is hinged to the second hinge; the driving rod is vertically connected to a hinged shaft hinged with the first section arm and the second section arm, the locking device further comprises a locking pressure rod hinged on the locking seat, a blocking part is arranged on the locking pressure rod, and when the connecting rod is buckled by the lock hook, the locking pressure rod blocks the driving rod through the blocking part on the locking pressure rod to limit the driving rod to move around the hinged shaft connected with the locking pressure rod to drive the lock hook to loosen and release the connecting rod;

during actual operation, under the non-connected state, the locking depression bar is opened, and the actuating lever is pulled up, and first festival arm and second festival arm arch, first festival arm pulling V-arrangement swing arm rotate around the pin joint with first articulated seat, and the lock colludes and the connecting rod is thrown off.

When connecting, treat that the body link of navigating by water is close to the boats and ships afterbody, the manual work pushes forward the actuating lever, promote the V-arrangement swing arm through first festival arm in the two-section locking arm and rotate around the pin joint with first articulated seat, make the lock catch buckle the connecting rod, the pin joint of final first festival arm and V-arrangement swing arm, the pin joint of first festival arm and second festival arm and the pin joint of second festival arm and the articulated seat of second are located the straight line, two-section locking arm is in the state of flare-out and pushes up the V-arrangement swing arm promptly, push down the locking depression bar again and block the actuating lever through the fender portion, accomplish locking, will the unblock then as long as before open the locking depression bar pull up the actuating lever again can.

Of course, for convenience, the connection unit mechanism also tends to adopt an electric connection mechanism, such as an electromechanical locking mechanism, in which the female end connection mechanism is a longitudinally or transversely arranged connection rod disposed on the stern connection frame, the male end connection mechanism includes a swinging block, a locking seat fixed to the navigation floating body connection frame and a telescopic motor, the swinging block is hinged to the locking seat in the middle, one end of the swinging block is formed with a locking hook for being locked on the connection rod, and the other end of the swinging block is hinged to an output rod of the telescopic motor, and is driven by the telescopic motor to swing around a hinge point with the locking seat to drive the locking hook to lock or unlock the connection rod;

or, the connection unit mechanism is another electromechanical locking mechanism, the female end connection mechanism is a longitudinally arranged connection rod arranged on the stern connection frame, the male end connection mechanism comprises a locking seat, a linkage rod, a telescopic motor and a plurality of synchronous clamping mechanisms longitudinally arranged on the linkage rod, the locking seat is fixedly or integrally arranged on the navigation floating body connection frame, each synchronous clamping mechanism comprises two clamping arms which are respectively hinged on the locking seat and symmetrically arranged and a double-section pull arm with the middle part hinged through the linkage rod, one end of each clamping arm is formed with a semicircular buckle which is oppositely buckled, the other end of each clamping arm is respectively hinged with two ends of the double-section pull arm, and the output rod of the telescopic motor is hinged with the linkage rod; the telescopic motor drives the linkage rod to move, so that the semicircular buckles on the two clamping hands of each synchronous clamping mechanism are driven to be opened and closed relatively, and the connecting rod is locked or separated from the connecting rod.

Further, a BMS module connected with a battery is arranged in the navigation floating body, and the BMS module is in communication connection with a controller on the ship in a wired or wireless mode. As in the known art, the BMS module is used to collect battery information, including monitoring of remaining power, monitoring of a safety state of the battery, and to output low power alarm information to the controller.

In the invention, the wired connection mode of the controller and the driver of the nacelle type electric propeller is that the communication lines of the controller and the driver of the nacelle type electric propeller are directly connected in a cable mode with an electric connector, and the wireless connection mode is that the controller and the driver of the nacelle type electric propeller are remotely connected and controlled through infrared communication, radio communication or the existing network communication modes such as wifi, 4G, 5G and the like.

Furthermore, the nacelle type electric propeller specifically comprises a nacelle shell, a horizontal rotating mechanism, a steering shaft and a propeller, wherein a propeller driving motor is arranged in the nacelle shell, a rotor shaft of the propeller driving motor is coaxially connected with an output shaft through a planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, and the output shaft extends out of the nacelle shell to fix the propeller; the horizontal rotating mechanism comprises a protective cover arranged at the bottom in the pod shell, a transverse worm wheel arranged in the navigation floating body and supported by a slewing bearing in the protective cover, a worm meshed with the worm wheel and a steering motor connected with the worm to drive the worm to rotate, a steering shaft vertically and downwards extending out of the pod shell is fixed at the center of the worm wheel, the lower part of the steering shaft is fixed with the pod shell, and the propeller driving motor and the steering motor are electrically connected with a driver.

Of course, the nacelle type electric propeller of the present invention also includes a conventional simple nacelle type electric propeller without a planetary gear reduction mechanism. Such a pod-type electric propeller without a planetary gear reduction mechanism can also be directly employed when considering the design of a propulsion device with low power.

Further, in the present invention, the inside of the nacelle housing is provided with an oil-sealed chamber between the planetary gear reduction mechanism and the propeller.

It should be noted that, when the electric driving device is actually installed, in order to ensure that the pod type electric propeller below the electric driving device is always positioned below the water surface (ship waterline), the draft depth of the ship in the no-load and full-load conditions is considered at the same time, so that the stern connecting frame is given enough longitudinal design length, and the pod type electric propeller which is not detached in time in the no-load condition of the ship is prevented from being lifted out of the water surface integrally.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the invention relates to an independent external hanging device which can be used as a navigation power device of any existing ship, in particular to a fuel oil driving device which can be closed after a fuel oil motor ship is applied to the fuel oil motor ship, so that zero-emission noiseless work is realized, and the pollution problem and the noise problem of the existing ship are well solved. The invention can effectively solve the problem of endurance after being applied to the existing electric ship with the built-in battery, and can continuously provide sailing driving force for the ship body and reduce the cost investment for purchasing and replacing the expensive built-in battery for the ship because of the characteristic of quick replacement.

2. The invention has the characteristic of self structural design that the sailing floating body carrying the pod type electric propeller is connected with the sailing floating body connecting frame through the hinge type connecting mechanism, and the sailing floating body connecting frame is rigidly connected to the stern, so that the sailing floating body can swing up and down relative to the ship, and the stress test of the connecting part caused by rigid connection of the sailing floating body and the ship is avoided. Taking a 1000-ton ship as an example, the design weight of a pod type electric propeller of the invention may be only 2 tons in practical application, but the weight of the sailing floating body and the battery in the battery compartment is usually 20 tons, and if the sailing floating body is integrally and rigidly connected to the tail of the ship, the stress on the connection part (namely, the detachable connection mechanism) is a great test. And especially when the ship jolts in the stormy waves, the connecting part of the ship and the sailing floating body is required to bear very large stress in all directions due to the lever principle, the stress is often up to hundreds of tons, and even a stable connecting structure cannot bear for a long time, so that the connecting stability is greatly reduced. Even the connection part is damaged in serious conditions, so that the externally hung electric propulsion device is disconnected from the ship.

The invention has the advantages that the sailing floating body carrying the pod type electric propeller and the battery is connected to the stern through the hinge type connecting mechanism, the flexible connection design is adopted, compared with a rigid connection mode, the internal stress borne by the connection part of the sailing floating body and the ship during sailing is weakened, the load of the ship is lightened, particularly the problem that the connection frame of the sailing floating body and the stern bears huge shearing force in stormy waves is avoided, and the connection stability and reliability of the externally-hung electric propulsion device and the ship are greatly improved.

3. The externally-hung electric propulsion device particularly selects the pod type electric propeller as power, the pod type electric propeller has flexible control characteristics, provides excellent propulsion control power for the ship, is convenient to control to be in butt joint with the ship, is particularly convenient for being in butt joint with the ship in navigation (in a non-shore state), and can realize the processes of navigation butt joint and low-power return navigation by self without the need of external battery replacement. And the propeller thrust of the pod type electric propeller is concentrated, the propulsion efficiency is high, the driving motor is immersed below the water surface like the propeller, water cooling can be directly utilized, and an additional cooling mechanism is not required.

4. The invention can be widely applied to the prior ships in any water areas such as inland rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the like, has wide application range, can gradually reduce the use of the prior fuel oil motor ship particularly after being applied to the ship body of an unpowered ship, and well solves the pollution problem and the noise problem of the prior ship.

5. The invention can be popularized and applied to any water areas such as inland rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the like, has wide application range, and greatly saves the annual operation cost of the traditional fuel oil motor boat compared with the boat adopting the external electric propulsion device under the premise of the same power (driving power) and use conditions (round-trip times and round-trip voyage). Taking an existing 1000-ton diesel-powered boat as an example, a single 300kw diesel engine is adopted, and if the external electric propulsion device of the scheme is provided with a single 200kw driving motor as power (a pod-type electric propeller), and 1 group of batteries are equipped to supply power to each motor, and each group of batteries is 525 degrees in electricity, and has a value of 42 ten thousand yuan, the energy consumption cost of the two is compared as follows:

as can be seen from the above table, the electricity cost per unit mileage is about 28.78% of the oil cost, and the saving is nearly 72%. Each group of batteries is 525 degrees in electricity, the usable electricity quantity is 420 degrees in electricity, 1 group of batteries is equipped for each pod type electric propeller of the external hanging electric propulsion device, and the total value is 42 ten thousand yuan. According to 6000 times of battery life, 70 yuan is depreciated each time, and 4.9 ten thousand yuan is depreciated each year. The operation is calculated in 350 days in one year, and the ship can save about 41 ten thousand yuan after the external electric propulsion device is adopted.

6. When the ship is practically used, only a small change is made on the hull of the existing ship, the stern connecting frame is welded in advance, the female end connecting mechanism of the detachable connecting mechanism is correspondingly arranged, and the controller is additionally arranged, so that the ship is low in modification cost and easy to implement and popularize.

7. When the external electric propulsion device is used, the power and the operating mechanism of the existing ship are not changed, and the external electric propulsion device can still sail freely and is still driven by the original driver without being operated by professional personnel.

8. The invention is very convenient to butt joint, assemble and disassemble with the hull of the existing ship, and can be replaced in several minutes almost without stopping the ship, thereby greatly improving the endurance.

9. Compared with the existing electric ship with the built-in battery, the battery is provided with higher use safety.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:

fig. 1 is a front view of the structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention (stern connecting frame and controller are omitted);

FIG. 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the structure of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a structural sectional view of a pod-type electric propeller in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the use state of embodiment 1 on an existing ship;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the detachable connecting mechanism in embodiment 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a change of a state of connection of a single connection unit mechanism of the detachable connection mechanism of embodiment 1 (a closed state to a released state);

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a change of a coupling state of the detachable coupling mechanism according to embodiment 2 using another single coupling unit mechanism (a closed state to a released state);

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a change of a coupling state of the detachable coupling mechanism according to embodiment 3 using another single coupling unit mechanism (a closed state to a released state);

FIG. 11 is a front view of the structure of embodiment 4 (the stern bracket and the controller are omitted);

FIG. 12 is a front view of the structure of the embodiment 5 (with stern brackets and controllers omitted as well)

FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of the preferred embodiment 5;

fig. 14 is an internal sectional view of the detachable connection structure of embodiment 5.

Wherein: 1. a vessel; 2. a stern connecting frame; 2a, a connecting rod; 3. sailing the floating body; 4. a sailing floating body connecting frame; 5. a pod-type electric propeller; 501. a pod housing; 502. a horizontal rotation mechanism; 502a, a shield; 502b, a worm gear; 502c, a worm; 502d, a steering motor; 502e, a slew bearing; 503. a steering shaft; 504. a propeller; 505. a propeller drive motor; 505a, a rotor shaft; 506. a planetary gear reduction mechanism; 507. an output shaft; 508. an oil seal chamber; 6. an elastic connecting rod; 7. a battery; 8. a hinge; 9. a lock catch seat; 9a, a first hinge seat; 9b, a second hinge base; 10. a V-shaped swing arm; 11. a drive rod; 12. a first joint arm; 13. a second joint arm; 14. locking the hook; 15. swinging a block; 16. a telescopic motor; 17. an auxiliary U-shaped buckle; 18. a locking pressure lever; 19. clamping a hand; 20. a double-section pull arm; 21. a linkage rod; 22. a unit bracket; 23. a angle iron frame; 24. a buffer spring.

Detailed Description

Example 1: referring to fig. 1 to 8, a specific embodiment of a ship external-hanging propulsion device using a pod-type electric propeller according to the present invention is shown, and a ship 1 for propulsion is a currently common diesel cargo ship, which is described in detail below:

referring first to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 6, the ship-mounted electric propulsion apparatus using a pod-type electric propeller is integrally composed of a stern connecting frame 2 welded to the rear portion of a ship 1 in advance, a sailing floating body 3, a sailing floating body connecting frame 4, a pod-type electric propeller 5 installed at the lower portion of the sailing floating body 3, a driver (not shown) arranged in the navigation floating body 3 and connected with the nacelle type electric propeller 5 to drive the nacelle type electric propeller 5 to operate, a battery 7 electrically connected with the driver and the nacelle type electric propeller 5, a BMS module (not shown) connected with the battery 7, a detachable connecting mechanism connected with the stern connecting frame 2 and the navigation floating body connecting frame 4, a hinge type connecting mechanism connected with the navigation floating body 3 and the navigation floating body connecting frame 4, and a controller (not shown) arranged on the ship 1 and used for controlling the driver of the nacelle type electric propeller 5 through wired communication.

Referring to fig. 4, a structural cross-sectional view of the nacelle type electric propeller 5 employed in the present embodiment is shown, which has a nacelle housing 501, a horizontal rotation mechanism 502, a steering shaft 503, and a propeller 504, wherein a propeller driving motor 505 is provided inside the nacelle housing 501, a rotor shaft 505a of the propeller driving motor 505 is coaxially connected to an output shaft 507 via a planetary gear reduction mechanism 506, and the output shaft 507 protrudes out of the nacelle housing 501 to fix the propeller 504; the horizontal turning mechanism 502 includes a shield 502a provided at the bottom in the pod housing 501, a horizontal worm wheel 502b provided in the navigation float 3 and supported by the shield 502a via a slewing bearing 502e, a worm 502c engaged with the worm wheel 502b, and a steering motor 502d connected to drive the rotation of the worm 502c, the worm wheel 502b has a steering shaft 503 extending vertically downward from the center of the pod housing 501 fixed thereto, the lower part of the steering shaft 503 is fixed to the pod housing 501, and both the propeller drive motor 505 and the steering motor 502d are electrically connected to a driver.

As shown in fig. 2, the driving motor 505, the steering motor 502d and the driver are electrically connected to the battery 7 provided at the front inside the navigation float 3, and the BMS module (not shown) of the battery 7 is also wirelessly communicatively connected to the controller on the ship 1.

And an oil-sealed chamber 508 between the planetary gear reduction mechanism 506 and the propeller 504 is provided inside the pod housing 501, a mechanical sealed chamber is also provided between the oil-sealed chamber 508 and the outermost propeller 504, and the rotor shaft 505a and the output shaft 507 are each supported by a plurality of bearings (whose reference is omitted in the drawing) inside the pod housing 501.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the hinge type connecting mechanism connecting the sailing floating body 3 and the sailing floating body connecting frame 4 is two hinges 8 which are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the sailing floating body 3. Each hinge 8 is composed of a connecting frame hinge seat formed on the connecting frame 4 of the sailing floating body, a floating body hinge seat formed on the front part of the sailing floating body and a hinge shaft penetrating through the two hinges, and the two hinges 8 share the middle floating body hinge seat.

As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the detachable coupling mechanism in the present embodiment is composed of two coupling unit mechanisms symmetrically provided on the left and right sides to connect the stern coupling frame 2 and the sailing float coupling frame 4, and the two coupling unit mechanisms are equal in height in the width direction of the ship 1. In consideration of design for convenient operation, each connection unit mechanism is an electromechanical locking mechanism, and specifically comprises a female end connection mechanism arranged on the stern connection frame 2 and a male end connection mechanism arranged on the navigation floating body connection frame 4 and matched with the female end connection mechanism. As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the female connecting mechanism is a connecting rod 2a disposed longitudinally on the stern connecting frame 2, the male connecting mechanism includes a latch seat 9, a linkage 21, a telescopic motor 16 and two synchronous clamping mechanisms disposed longitudinally on the linkage 21, the latch seat 9 is disposed on the sailing float connecting frame 4, each of the synchronous clamping mechanisms includes two clamping arms 19 hinged to the latch seat 9 and symmetrically disposed, and a two-link arm 20 hinged through the linkage 21, one end of each of the two clamping arms 19 is formed with a semicircular buckle buckled oppositely, the other end of each of the two clamping arms 19 is hinged to the two ends of the two-link arm 20, and the output rod of the telescopic motor 16 is hinged to the linkage 21; the telescopic motor 16 drives the linkage rod 21 to move, so as to drive the semicircular buckles on the two clamping hands 19 of each synchronous clamping mechanism to open and close relatively, and lock the connecting rod 2a or separate from the connecting rod 2a, as shown in fig. 8.

The ship pushed by the embodiment is an existing 1000-ton diesel cargo ship, a single 300kw diesel engine is adopted, and if the external electric propulsion device of the scheme is provided with a single 200kw motor as power (a pod type electric propeller), 1 group of batteries are equipped to supply power to each motor, each group of batteries is 525 degrees in electricity, the value is 42 ten thousand yuan, and the energy consumption cost of the two batteries is compared as follows:

Example 2: the whole structure of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the only difference is the detachable connecting mechanism for connecting the stern connecting frame 2 and the sailing floating body connecting frame 4.

The detachable connecting mechanism in this embodiment is also constituted by two connecting unit mechanisms provided bilaterally symmetrically to connect the stern connecting frame 2 and the sailing float connecting frame 4, and the two connecting unit mechanisms are equal in height in the width direction of the ship 1. However, each connection unit mechanism is a manual mechanical locking mechanism, and specifically comprises a female end connection mechanism arranged on the stern connection frame 2 and a male end connection mechanism arranged on the sailing floating body connection frame 4 and matched with the female end connection mechanism.

As shown in fig. 9, the female-end coupling mechanism in this embodiment is a longitudinally arranged coupling rod 2a provided on the stern coupling frame 2, the male end connecting mechanism is composed of a lock catch seat 9 fixed on the navigation floating body connecting frame 4, a V-shaped swing arm 10, a double-section lock arm, a driving rod 11 and a locking pressure rod 18 hinged on the lock catch seat 9, wherein the lock catch seat 9 is provided with a first hinged seat 9a and a second hinged seat 9b at intervals, the bending point of the V-shaped swing arm 10 is hinged on the first hinged seat 9a, the double-section lock arm comprises a first section arm 12 and a second section arm 13, one end of the V-shaped swing arm 10 is formed with a lock hook 14 for being buckled on the connecting rod 2a, the other end of the V-shaped swing arm 10 is hinged to one end of a first knuckle arm 12 through a hinge shaft, the other end of the first knuckle arm 12 is hinged to one end of a second knuckle arm through a hinge shaft, and the other end of the second knuckle arm is hinged to a second hinge base through a hinge shaft; the driving lever 11 is vertically connected to a hinge shaft where the first arm 12 and the second arm 13 are hinged. The locking compression bar 18 is provided with a blocking part, when the locking hook 14 buckles the connecting rod 2a, the locking compression bar 18 blocks the driving rod 11 through the blocking part on the locking compression bar to limit the driving rod to drive the locking hook 14 to loosen the connecting rod 2a around a hinged shaft connected with the driving rod.

In actual operation, referring to fig. 9, in the non-connection state, the locking pressure lever 18 is opened, the driving lever 11 is pulled up, the first knuckle arm 12 and the second knuckle arm 13 are arched, the first knuckle arm 12 pulls the V-shaped swing arm 10 to rotate around the hinge point with the first hinge 9a, and the lock hook 14 is disengaged from the connecting rod 2 a.

When the connection is needed, the connecting frame 4 of the floating body to be sailed is close to the tail of the ship 1, the driving rod 11 is manually pushed forward, the V-shaped swing arm 10 is pushed to rotate around a hinge point with the first hinge seat 9a through the first knuckle arm 12 in the double-knuckle lock arm, the lock hook 14 is enabled to buckle the connecting rod 2a, finally, the hinge point of the first knuckle arm 12 and the V-shaped swing arm 10, the hinge point of the first knuckle arm 12 and the second knuckle arm 13 and the hinge point of the second knuckle arm 13 and the second hinge seat 9b are located on a straight line, namely, the double-knuckle lock arm is in a straightening state to tightly push the V-shaped swing arm 10, the locking pressure rod 18 is pressed down to clamp the driving rod 11 through the blocking part, the locking is completed, and the driving rod 11 can be pulled up only by opening the locking pressure rod 18.

As shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, two auxiliary U-shaped buckles 17 are provided on the sailing float connection frame 4 corresponding to each connection unit mechanism, and are located above and below the female connection mechanism, and are used for being in interference fit with the connection rod 2a on the stern connection frame 2. The auxiliary U-shaped buckle 17 is used for auxiliary alignment of the navigation floating body connecting frame 4 and the stern connecting frame 2, and after the alignment is well clamped, connection and installation of the detachable connecting mechanism are carried out.

Example 3: the whole structure of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the only difference is the detachable connecting mechanism for connecting the stern connecting frame 2 and the sailing floating body connecting frame 4.

As shown in fig. 10, the detachable coupling mechanism in this embodiment is also constituted by two coupling unit mechanisms symmetrically provided on the left and right sides to connect the stern coupling frame 2 and the sailing float coupling frame 4, and the two coupling unit mechanisms are equal in height in the width direction of the ship 1. However, each connection unit mechanism is different from the electromechanical locking mechanism in embodiment 1, and specifically includes a female-end connection mechanism provided on the stern connection frame 2 and a male-end connection mechanism provided on the navigation floating body connection frame 4 and engaged with the female-end connection mechanism.

The female end connecting mechanism is a connecting rod 2a which is arranged on the stern connecting frame 2 in the longitudinal direction, the male end connecting mechanism is composed of a swinging block 15, a lock catch seat 9 which is fixed on the navigation floating body connecting frame 4 and a telescopic motor 16, the middle of the swinging block 15 is hinged on the lock catch seat 9, one end of the swinging block is provided with a lock hook 14 which is used for being buckled on the connecting rod 2a, the other end of the swinging block is hinged with an output rod of the telescopic motor 16, and the telescopic motor 16 drives the swinging block to swing around a hinged point with the lock catch seat 9 to drive the lock hook 14 to buckle the connecting rod 2a or separate from the connecting rod 2 a.

In addition, in this embodiment, as in embodiment 2, two auxiliary U-shaped buckles 17 are also provided on the sailing float connection frame 4 corresponding to each connection unit mechanism, and are located above and below the female connection mechanism, and are used for being in interference fit with the connection rod 2a on the stern connection frame 2.

Example 4: as shown in fig. 11, the overall structure of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and the only difference is that the hinge-type connection mechanism connects the sailing floating body 3 and the sailing floating body connection frame 4, in this embodiment, the hinge-type connection mechanism employs two hinge-type unit connection mechanisms symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the sailing floating body 3, each hinge-type unit connection mechanism includes a single elastic connection rod 6, and both ends of each elastic connection rod 6 are respectively connected with the sailing floating body connection frame 4 and the sailing floating body 3 through hinges. The elastic connecting rod 6 in this embodiment is a spring.

Example 5: as shown in fig. 12 to 14, the overall structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except for the connection manner between the navigation float 3, the navigation float connection frame 4 and the detachable connection mechanism, and the differences in the details of the structure of the detachable connection mechanism. It is to be noted that the nacelle type electric propeller 5 in the present embodiment is different in appearance from that in embodiment 1, but the basic configuration is the same, and the internal structure thereof can be referred to fig. 4 and the description in embodiment 1.

As shown in fig. 12 to 14, the sailing float attachment frame 4 in this embodiment is composed of two independent unit brackets 22, and two angle brackets 23 are rigidly fixed to the front surface of the sailing float 3 by screws corresponding to the two unit brackets 22. The two unit brackets 22 are respectively connected with the two angle iron frames 23 through hinges 8, and the two unit brackets 22 are rigidly fixed with the stern connecting frame 2 through a detachable connecting mechanism, so that the sailing floating body 3 can swing up and down relative to the tail part of the ship 1. And in this embodiment, two buffer springs 24 are provided between each unit bracket 22 and the corresponding angle iron frame 23, and the two buffer springs 24 are distributed above and below the hinge shaft of the hinge 8, as shown in fig. 12.

The detachable connection mechanism in this embodiment is two connection unit mechanisms that are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and are respectively arranged corresponding to the two unit brackets 22 of the navigation floating body connection frame 4, as in embodiment 1. Each connecting unit mechanism is an electromechanical locking mechanism, and specifically comprises a female end connecting mechanism arranged on the stern connecting frame 2 and a male end connecting mechanism arranged on the sailing floating body connecting frame 4 and matched with the female end connecting mechanism, as in embodiment 1.

The female end connecting mechanism is a longitudinally arranged connecting rod 2a arranged on the stern connecting frame 2, and a drawing is not shown in the embodiment, and specifically, reference can be made to fig. 7 of the embodiment 1; the male end connecting mechanism includes two lock catch seats 9, two linkage rods 21, two synchronous clamping mechanisms longitudinally arranged on the linkage rods 21, two lock catch seats 9 are vertically opposite and are integrally formed on corresponding unit supports 22, as shown in fig. 12 and 13. Each synchronous clamping mechanism is clamped in the upper and lower lock catch seats 9 and comprises two clamping hands 19 which are respectively hinged to the lock catch seats 9 and are symmetrically arranged and a double-section pull arm 20 which is hinged to the middle through the linkage rod 21, one ends of the two clamping hands 19 are formed with semicircular buckles which are buckled oppositely, the other ends of the two clamping hands 19 are respectively hinged to two ends of the double-section pull arm 20, the telescopic motor 16 is fixed on the unit support 22, and an output rod of the telescopic motor is hinged to the linkage rod 21; the telescopic motor 16 drives the linkage rod 21 to move, so as to drive the semicircular buttons on the two clamping hands 19 of each synchronous clamping mechanism to open and close relatively, and lock the connecting rod 2a or separate from the connecting rod 2a, as shown in fig. 14.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, in the present embodiment, for each connection unit mechanism, the front ends of the latch bases 9 above and below the synchronous clamping mechanism are provided with auxiliary U-shaped latches 17 for interference fit with the connecting rod 2a on the stern connecting frame 2. The auxiliary U-shaped buckle 17 is used for auxiliary alignment of the navigation floating body connecting frame 4 and the stern connecting frame 2, and after the alignment is well clamped, the synchronous clamping mechanism acts.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical scheme of the invention are covered in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A ship external hanging propulsion device using a pod type electric propeller comprises a stern connecting frame (2) fixed to the tail part of a ship (1), and is characterized by further comprising a navigation floating body (3) and a navigation floating body connecting frame (4), wherein the pod type electric propeller is installed at the lower part of the navigation floating body (3), a driver for driving the pod type electric propeller (5) to operate and a battery (7) electrically connected with the pod type electric propeller (5) and the driver are arranged in the navigation floating body (3); the sailing floating body connecting frame (4) is rigidly connected with the stern connecting frame (2) through a detachable connecting mechanism, the sailing floating body (3) is connected to the sailing floating body connecting frame (4) through a hinge type connecting mechanism and can swing up and down relative to the sailing floating body connecting frame (4), and the sailing floating body connecting frame also comprises a controller which is arranged on the ship (1) and is controlled by a driver in a wired or wireless communication mode.

2. The external hanging propulsion device of ship using pod type electric propeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hinge type connection mechanism is a single hinge (8), or a plurality of hinges coaxially spaced along the width direction of ship;

or the hinge type connecting mechanism comprises a plurality of hinge type unit connecting mechanisms distributed along the width direction of the ship (1), and at least comprises two hinge type unit connecting mechanisms symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the navigation floating body (3), each hinge type unit connecting mechanism is a single elastic connecting rod (6), or an elastic connecting rod group consisting of a plurality of elastic connecting rods (6) which are parallel and longitudinally distributed, and the two ends of each elastic connecting rod (6) are respectively connected with the navigation floating body connecting frame (4) and the navigation floating body (3) through hinges.

3. The marine plug-in propulsion device using pod-type electric propellers of claim 2, characterized in that the elastic connecting rod (6) is a spring or a spring steel rod.

4. The vessel plug-in propulsion device using a pod-type electric propeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vessel (1) is an existing engine-powered propulsion vessel, or a human-powered propulsion vessel, or a wind-powered propulsion vessel; or the ship (1) is an unpowered ship.

5. The vessel plug-in propulsion device using pod type electric propeller according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the detachable connection mechanism comprises more than two connection unit mechanisms connecting the stern connection frame (2) and the sailing float connection frame (4), and at least two connection unit mechanisms are distributed in the width direction of the vessel (1) in equal height or in a staggered way; each connecting unit mechanism is selected from one of a spring buckle ring mechanism, a buckle mechanism, a loop bar mechanism, a manual mechanical locking mechanism, an electric mechanical locking mechanism and an electromagnetic locking mechanism, and comprises a female end connecting mechanism arranged on the stern connecting frame (2) and a male end connecting mechanism arranged on the sailing floating body connecting frame (4) and matched with the female end connecting mechanism.

6. The marine external hanging propulsion device using pod type electric propeller as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the connection unit mechanism is a manual mechanical latch mechanism, the female end connection mechanism is a longitudinally or transversely arranged connection rod (2 a) arranged on the stern connection frame (2), and the male end connection mechanism comprises a latch seat (9) fixed to the sailing float connection frame (4), a V-shaped swing arm (10), a two-section locking arm and a driving rod (11), the latch seat (9) is provided with a first hinge seat (9 a) and a second hinge seat (9 b) at intervals, the bending point of the V-shaped swing arm (10) is hinged on the first hinge seat (9 a), the two-section locking arm comprises a first section arm (12) and a second section arm (13), one end of the V-shaped swing arm (10) is formed with a latch hook (14) for latching on the connection rod (2 a), the other end of the V-shaped swing arm (10) is hinged to one end of a first knuckle arm (12) through a hinge shaft, the other end of the first knuckle arm (12) is hinged to one end of a second knuckle arm through a hinge shaft, and the other end of the second knuckle arm is hinged to a second hinge seat through a hinge shaft; the driving rod (11) is vertically connected to a hinged shaft which is hinged to the first section arm (12) and the second section arm (13), the locking device further comprises a locking pressure rod (18) which is hinged to the locking seat (9), a blocking part is arranged on the locking pressure rod (18), and when the connecting rod (2 a) is buckled by the lock hook (14), the locking pressure rod (18) blocks the driving rod (11) through the blocking part on the locking pressure rod to limit the driving rod (11) to move around the hinged shaft connected with the driving rod to drive the lock hook (14) to loosen and loosen the connecting rod (2 a);

or the connecting unit mechanism is an electromechanical locking mechanism, the female end connecting mechanism is a connecting rod (2 a) which is arranged on the stern connecting frame (2) longitudinally or transversely, the male end connecting mechanism comprises a swinging block (15), a locking buckle seat (9) fixed on the navigation floating body connecting frame (4) and a telescopic motor (16), the middle of the swinging block (15) is hinged on the locking buckle seat (9), one end of the swinging block is formed to be used for buckling a locking hook (14) on the connecting rod (2 a), the other end of the swinging block is hinged with an output rod of the telescopic motor (16), the telescopic motor (16) drives the swinging block to swing around a hinge point with the locking buckle seat (9), and the locking hook (14) is driven to buckle the connecting rod (2 a) or be separated from the connecting rod (2 a);

or the connecting unit mechanism is another electromechanical locking mechanism, the female end connecting mechanism is a connecting rod (2 a) which is arranged on the stern connecting frame (2) in the longitudinal direction, the male end connecting mechanism comprises a lock catch seat (9), a linkage rod (21), a telescopic motor (16) and a plurality of synchronous clamping mechanisms longitudinally arranged on the linkage rod (21), the lock catch seat (9) is fixedly or integrally arranged on the navigation floating body connecting frame (4), each synchronous clamping mechanism comprises two clamping hands (19) which are respectively hinged to the lock catch seat (9) and symmetrically arranged and a double-section pull arm (20) which is hinged through the linkage rod (21) in the middle, one ends of the two clamping hands (19) are formed with semicircular buckles which are buckled oppositely, the other ends of the two clamping hands (19) are respectively hinged with the two ends of the double-section pull arm (20), and the output rod of the telescopic motor (16) is hinged with the linkage rod (21); the telescopic motor (16) drives the linkage rod (21) to move, so that the semicircular buckles on the two clamping hands (19) of each synchronous clamping mechanism are driven to be oppositely opened and closed, and the connecting rod (2 a) is locked or separated from the connecting rod (2 a).

7. The marine plug-in propulsion device using pod type electric propellers of claim 1, characterized in that the sailing float (3) is provided with a BMS module connected to a battery and communicatively connected to a controller on the vessel (1) by wire or wirelessly.

8. The marine external hanging propulsion device using the nacelle type electric propeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nacelle type electric propeller (5) comprises a nacelle housing (501), a horizontal rotating mechanism (502), a steering shaft (503) and a propeller (504), wherein a propeller driving motor (505) is arranged inside the nacelle housing (501), a rotor shaft (505 a) of the propeller driving motor (505) is coaxially connected with an output shaft (507) through a planetary gear speed reducing mechanism (506), and the output shaft (507) extends out of a fixed propeller (504) of the nacelle housing (501); the horizontal rotating mechanism (502) comprises a protective cover (502 a) arranged at the inner bottom of the nacelle shell (501), a transverse worm wheel (502 b) arranged in the protective cover (502 a) and supported by a slewing bearing (502 e) and arranged in the navigation floating body (3), a worm (502 c) meshed with the worm wheel (502 b), and a steering motor (502 d) connected with and driving the worm (502 c) to rotate, wherein the center of the worm wheel (502 b) is fixedly provided with a steering shaft (503) vertically extending downwards out of the nacelle shell (501), the lower part of the steering shaft (503) is fixed with the nacelle shell (501), and the propeller driving motor (505) and the steering motor (502 d) are electrically connected with a driver.

9. The marine plug-in propulsion device using a pod-type electric propeller as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that an oil-sealed chamber (508) is provided inside the pod housing (501) between the planetary gear reduction mechanism (506) and the propeller (504).