CN112138518A - High-selectivity flue gas desulfurization absorbent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-selectivity flue gas desulfurization absorbent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112138518A
CN112138518A CN201910560436.9A CN201910560436A CN112138518A CN 112138518 A CN112138518 A CN 112138518A CN 201910560436 A CN201910560436 A CN 201910560436A CN 112138518 A CN112138518 A CN 112138518A
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China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
desulfurization
absorbent
gas
solution
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CN201910560436.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
毛松柏
陈曦
汪东
郭本帅
黄汉根
季燕
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Research Institute of Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Research Institute of Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910560436.9A priority Critical patent/CN112138518A/en
Publication of CN112138518A publication Critical patent/CN112138518A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/501Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
    • B01D53/502Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/80Organic bases or salts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283Flue gases

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a high-selectivity flue gas desulfurization absorbent and a preparation method thereof, aiming at gas sources such as flue gas of a coal-fired power plant, flue gas of a natural gas power plant, cement kiln gas and FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) flue gas, and belongs to the field of gas separation and purification. The absorbent contains one or more renewable organic amines and one or more additives, and has extremely high selective desulfurization efficiency on sulfur dioxide in flue gas. The desulfurization absorbent provided by the invention can selectively absorb more than 85% of sulfur dioxide in flue gas, and can maximally reach more than 95%, and the amount of absorbed carbon dioxide is less, even the carbon dioxide is not absorbed.

Description

High-selectivity flue gas desulfurization absorbent and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-selectivity flue gas desulfurization absorbent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of gas separation or purification and the like. The method has good application prospect in chemical engineering, material modification, wastewater treatment, petroleum exploitation, gas purification or separation and other chemical fields.
Background
Combustion of fossil fuels is accompanied by SO2And (4) discharging. According to the related statistics, SO generated by coal combustion22/3 of total emission of sulfur dioxide, the part of SO2After the water is discharged into the atmosphere, serious atmospheric pollution can be caused, if the local discharge amount is too large and exceeds the self-regulation capacity of the atmosphere, the water cannot be completely digested and self-cleaned, acid rain can be formed, harm is directly caused to agriculture, animals and plants, cultural relic protection and the like, and human survival is indirectly influenced. Therefore, SO generated during the combustion of coal is controlled2Is very important.
Classified according to desulfurization techniques, they can be classified into pre-combustion desulfurization, in-combustion desulfurization and post-combustion desulfurization. Among them, Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD), which is the most widely and effectively used SO control in the world at present, belongs to post-combustion desulfurization2And (4) a discharge technology. Use of renewable organic amine absorbents for SO in flue gases2The absorption can not only recycle the sulfur resources (to be made into sulfuric acid or sulfur and other products easy to sell), but also remove other impurity gases, such as nitrogen oxides and the like, while desulfurizing.
At present, the types of flue gas desulfurization techniques are dozens, and the flue gas desulfurization is divided into the following steps according to the dry and wet state of water and desulfurization products in the desulfurization process: wet method, semi-dry method and dry method.
At present, the wet flue gas desulfurization technology is the most mature and is applied industrially in a large scale, but the investment cost is high, and absorbent, process, equipment and the like also need to be optimized; the organic amine wet desulphurization technology is a new flue gas desulphurization technology, has the advantages of high desulphurization efficiency, recycling of an absorbent, no secondary pollution and the like, and is typically represented by a Cansolv technology of Shell company. Since 2002, the Cansolv renewable amine desulphurization technology is successfully applied commercially, but in the practical application process, the selective absorption of SO by an absorbent still exists2Low grade problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the invention
Based on the literature reports of the currently researched flue gas desulfurization solvent and the practical situation of industrial application, the currently researched flue gas desulfurization solvent absorbs carbon dioxide with different measures in different processes while absorbing sulfur dioxide in the flue gas desulfurization process, and the selective desulfurization efficiency of the currently researched flue gas desulfurization solvent is 80-85%.
In order to effectively solve the problems in the existing flue gas desulfurization process, the invention provides the following invention.
The main technical scheme of the invention
Aiming at gas sources such as coal-fired power plant flue gas, natural gas power plant flue gas, cement kiln gas, FCC flue gas and the like, a high-selectivity flue gas desulfurization absorbent and a preparation method thereof are developed.
The desulfurization absorbent of the invention comprises: (1) the absorbent contains one or more renewable organic amines; (2) the absorption solvent contains one or more additives.
The renewable organic amine is one or more organic diamines comprising annular diamine, and the two amine groups in the organic diamine have different alkality.
The renewable organic amine is hydroxyethyl piperazine, ethylenediamine or piperazine.
The concentration of amine in the desulfurization absorbent is 20-25 wt%.
The additive is selected from one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid or boric acid.
The preparation method of the desulfurization absorbent provided by the invention is to directly add the additive into the renewable organic amine solution, but not to add the renewable organic amine into the additive solution. Tests show that the order of addition is different, and the components of the prepared desulfurization solvent are different. The additive (acid) is added into the organic amine solution, the product obtained by salinization reaction is ammonium salt, and the product obtained by reaction is ester when the organic amine is added into the additive solution.
The desulfurization absorbent does not absorb SO in the absorbent2The renewable organic amine and the additive are prepared according to the dosage of 2:1 of the molar ratio of the renewable organic amine to the additive. Wherein, organic isOne amine group with stronger basicity in the polyamine can react with the additive and exists in the form of salt, and the protonated amine generated by the reaction is difficult to regenerate; and the other amine group is weak in alkalinity and does not react with the additive, and the weak amine group is special for absorbing sulfur dioxide in the mixed gas, provides adsorption balance and regeneration capacity for the absorbent, and is easy to desorb after being heated.
After the additive is added into the renewable organic amine solution, the initial pH value of the solution is 4.5-6.5, the selective absorption of the absorbent on sulfur dioxide in the flue gas can be ensured to reach more than 95% under the formula condition, the amount of absorbed carbon dioxide is less, and even the carbon dioxide is not absorbed.
The invention has the advantages of
The desulfurization absorbent provided by the invention can selectively absorb more than 85% of sulfur dioxide in flue gas, and can maximally reach more than 95%, and the amount of absorbed carbon dioxide is less, even the carbon dioxide is not absorbed.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The features of the present invention are further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the examples.
Simulating FCC flue gas composition
Composition of CO CO2 O2 N2 SO2
v/v(%) 1000mg/m3 ~6 ~15 ~78 8000mg/m3
The whole absorption-regeneration process flow is as follows: preparing SO in gas preparation tank2Content of 0.8%, N278% of simulated flue gas enters the bottom of the absorption tower and moves upwards along the tower, the simulated flue gas is in countercurrent contact with the solution sprayed from the top of the tower at the temperature of 40 ℃ on a filler, and purified gas after acid gas is absorbed is discharged from the top of the tower. The rich liquid absorbing the acid gas is pumped into a regeneration tower from the tower bottom, and the regenerated acid gas is separated from the tower top and then is discharged. The regenerated barren solution is discharged from the bottom of the tower, cooled and pumped into an absorption tower for recycling.
Comparative example 1
With certain organic amine absorbents: 25 percent (wt%) of amine, the balance of deionized water (the components of the absorbent are mass ratio), and SO in purified gas2The content is 48 mg/m3The solution selectivity desulfurization was 80%.
Example 1
The solvent adopting the formula of the invention is: 25% of main absorbent hydroxyethyl piperazine, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6, and the balance deionized water (the compositions of the absorbent are all in mass ratio).
A conventional packed column (theta ring with specification of 6) was used.
Purifying effect: purifying SO in gas2The content is 50 mg/m3The solution selectivity desulfurization was 88%.
And (3) effect comparison: the formula of this example was used to treat SO in purified gas2The effect is similar to that of a comparative example, but the effect of the solution selective desulfurization is improved after the formula is adopted.
Example 2
The solvent adopting the formula of the invention is: 25% of main absorbent hydroxyethyl piperazine, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6, and the balance deionized water (the compositions of the absorbent are all in mass ratio).
A conventional packed column (theta ring with specification of 6) was used.
Purifying effect: purifying SO in gas2The content is 49 mg/m3The solution selectivity desulfurization was 90%.
And (3) effect comparison: the formula of the embodiment is adopted, and concentrated hydrochloric acid is used as an additive to treat SO in purified gas2The effect is similar to that of a comparative example, but the effect of the solution selective desulfurization is improved after the formula is adopted.
Example 3
The solvent adopting the formula of the invention is: 25% of main absorbent hydroxyethyl piperazine, adding boric acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 6, and the balance of deionized water (the compositions of the absorbent are all in mass ratio).
A conventional packed column (theta ring with specification of 6) was used.
Purifying effect: purifying SO in gas2The content is 35 mg/m3And the selective desulfurization of the solution is 92-93%.
And (3) effect comparison: the formula of the embodiment is adopted, and concentrated hydrochloric acid is used as an additive to treat SO in purified gas2The effect is superior to that of a comparative example, and the effect of the solution selective desulfurization is obviously improved.
Example 4
The solvent adopting the formula of the invention is: 25% of main absorbent hydroxyethyl piperazine, adding citric acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 6, and the balance deionized water (the compositions of the absorbent are all in mass ratio).
A conventional packed column (theta ring with specification of 6) was used.
Purifying effect: purifying SO in gas2The content is 21 mg/m3The solution selective desulfurization was 93%.
And (3) effect comparison: by adopting the formula of the embodiment, the citric acid is adopted as the additive, and the absorbent treats SO in the purified gas2The effect is superior to that of comparative example and example 3.
The effect of the solution selective desulfurization after the formula is adopted is superior to that of a comparative example, which is similar to that of example 3, and the additive with strong buffering capacity is adopted, so that the desulfurization effect and the selective desulfurization are influenced to a certain extent.
Example 5
The solvent adopting the formula of the invention is: 25% of main absorbent hydroxyethyl piperazine, adding citric acid, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 5.6, and the balance deionized water (the compositions of the absorbent are all in mass ratio).
A conventional packed column (theta ring with specification of 6) was used.
Purifying effect: purifying SO in gas2The content is 25 mg/m3The solution selectivity desulfurization was 96%.
And (3) effect comparison: by adopting the formula of the embodiment, the citric acid is adopted as the additive, the pH value is adjusted to 5.6, and the absorbent is used for treating SO in the purified gas2The effect is reduced compared with example 4.
The effect of the solution selective desulfurization after the formula is adopted is obviously better than that of the solution in the example 4, which shows that the types and the pH values of the additives with strong buffering capacity have certain influence on the desulfurization effect and the selective desulfurization.
Example 6
The solvent adopting the formula of the invention is: 25% of main absorbent hydroxyethyl piperazine, adding citric acid, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4.5, and the balance deionized water (the compositions of the absorbent are all in mass ratio).
A conventional packed column (theta ring with specification of 6) was used.
Purifying effect: purifying SO in gas2The content is 35 mg/m3The solution selectivity desulfurization was 100%.
And (3) effect comparison: by adopting the formula of the embodiment, the citric acid is adopted as the additive, the pH value is adjusted to 4.5, and the absorbent is used for treating SO in the purified gas2The effect is reduced as compared with example 5.
The effect of the solution selective desulfurization after the formula is adopted is obviously superior to that of all the examples and comparative examples, and the fact that the types and the pH values of the additives with strong buffering capacity have certain influence on the desulfurization effect and the selective desulfurization is demonstrated.
Example 7
The solvent adopting the formula of the invention is: 20% of main absorbent hydroxyethyl piperazine, adding citric acid, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4.5, and the balance deionized water (the compositions of the absorbent are mass ratio).
A conventional packed column (theta ring with specification of 6) was used.
Purifying effect: purifying SO in gas2The content is 48 mg/m3The solution selectivity desulfurization was 100%.
And (3) effect comparison: by adopting the formula of the embodiment, the citric acid is adopted as the additive, the pH value is adjusted to 4.5, and the absorbent is used for treating SO in the purified gas2The effect is reduced as compared with example 6.
The effect of the solution selective desulfurization after the formula is adopted is obviously superior to that of all the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples, is consistent with that of the example 6, and shows that the types and the pH values of the additives with strong buffering capacity have certain influence on the desulfurization effect and the selective desulfurization.
Example 8
The solvent adopting the formula of the invention is: adding 20% of hydroxyethyl piperazine serving as a main absorbent into the citric acid solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4.5, and adding deionized water (the absorbent components are in mass ratio).
A conventional packed column (theta ring with specification of 6) was used.
Purifying effect: purifying SO in gas2The content is 416 mg/m3The solution selectivity desulfurization was 99%.
After the addition sequence is adopted, the product obtained after the solution preparation is an ester substance containing a functional group ester group, namely-COO-, in the process of flue gas desulfurization, the ester is hydrolyzed under the acidic condition (sulfur dioxide) to generate carboxylic acid and alcohol, and SO is removed2The effect is not good.

Claims (10)

1. A high-selectivity flue gas desulfurization absorbent is characterized in that: (1) the absorbent contains one or more renewable organic amines; (2) the absorbent contains one or more additives.
2. The desulfurization absorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that the renewable organic amine in (1) is one or more organic diamines, and the two amine groups in the organic diamines have different basicities.
3. Absorbent according to claim 2, characterized in that the organic diamine comprises a cyclic diamine.
4. Absorbent according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the regenerable organic amine is hydroxyethyl piperazine, ethylene diamine or piperazine.
5. The desulfurization absorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of amine in the desulfurization absorbent is 20-25 wt%.
6. The desulfurization absorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that the additive in (2) is selected from one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, or boric acid.
7. The desulfurization absorbent according to claim 1, wherein the additive is directly added to the solution of the renewable organic amine.
8. The desulfurization absorbent according to claim 7, wherein SO is not absorbed in the absorbent2The renewable organic amine and the additive are prepared according to the dosage of 2:1 of the molar ratio of the renewable organic amine to the additive.
9. The desulfurization absorbent preparation method of claim 7, wherein the initial pH of the solution after the additive is added to the regenerable organic amine solution is between 4.5 and 6.5.
10. The desulfurization absorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that said flue gas is coal-fired power plant flue gas, natural gas power plant flue gas, cement kiln gas, FCC flue gas.
CN201910560436.9A 2019-06-26 2019-06-26 High-selectivity flue gas desulfurization absorbent and preparation method thereof Pending CN112138518A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103801182A (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-21 中国石油化工集团公司 Renewable flue gas desulfuration agent and applications thereof
CN103949147A (en) * 2014-05-14 2014-07-30 北京国电龙源环保工程有限公司 Desulfurization method for purifying flue gas
CN105833667A (en) * 2016-05-27 2016-08-10 四川益能康生环保科技有限公司 Renewable adsorbent for removing sulfur dioxide
CN105983310A (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-10-05 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Absorbent for selectively absorbing sulfur dioxide and application thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103801182A (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-21 中国石油化工集团公司 Renewable flue gas desulfuration agent and applications thereof
CN103949147A (en) * 2014-05-14 2014-07-30 北京国电龙源环保工程有限公司 Desulfurization method for purifying flue gas
CN105983310A (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-10-05 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Absorbent for selectively absorbing sulfur dioxide and application thereof
CN105833667A (en) * 2016-05-27 2016-08-10 四川益能康生环保科技有限公司 Renewable adsorbent for removing sulfur dioxide

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