CN112138250A

CN112138250A - Medicament fluid dispenser and dexmedetomidine nasal spray device for maintaining uniform administration

Info

Publication number: CN112138250A
Application number: CN201910573657.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺钢民; 侯曙光; 王震宇; 王万; 陈薇; 安然
Original assignee: Sichuan Pu Et Pharmaceutical Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Pu Et Pharmaceutical Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-28
Filing date: 2019-06-28
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-28
Also published as: CN112138250B; CN116474219A; CN116474218A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine fluid distribution. In contrast to the injection mode, external drug administration devices often store more drug and are applied in batches on multiple occasions. The external drug devices often have long service periods and relatively poor storage conditions, which put higher requirements on the stability of the drugs therein, and the selection of the drug excipients and the compatibility with the packing materials are usually key factors for the selection. Where the device is used multiple times or requires only a small amount of liquid to load the drug itself, the dose delivery is insufficient and/or varies widely, usually with degradation of the active ingredient being a first indication. Although in most cases the stability of the medicament is not sufficient as is generally known, the therapeutic effect is deteriorated by degradation of the active ingredient. However, this also limits the thinking of those skilled in the art. The present invention has been made in an intensive study to find out another cause of instability of the therapeutic effect accompanying the use of the drug, and to provide a novel fluid dispenser for a drug based on the finding.

Description

Medicament fluid dispenser and dexmedetomidine nasal spray device for maintaining uniform administration

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine fluid distribution, and particularly relates to a medicine fluid distributor capable of keeping uniform administration even under the condition of low medicament fluid allowance, in particular to a neuroleptic medicine nasal spray device, especially a dexmedetomidine nasal spray device.

Background

The external medicine (skin, mucous membrane, cavity, etc.) needs to be applied by various administration devices, one of which is a fluid dispenser, such as a nasal sprayer, etc.

Unlike the mode of administration by injection, the external drug administration device often stores a relatively large amount of drug therein and is administered in batches in various places not limited to hospitals. Drugs in external drug delivery devices often have a longer life cycle and relatively poor storage conditions, which places higher demands on the stability of the drug in the external drug delivery device. Therefore, the selection of the auxiliary materials of the medicament for external use and the compatibility with the packing material are the key factors of the screening of the general emphasis. When the efficacy of a drug administered by a drug administration device is found to be reduced after the drug administration device has been used for a certain period of time, it is usually assumed that the active ingredient is degraded in the first place, and then a study of the stability of the drug is conducted.

Although in most cases it is generally known that the efficacy is worsened by insufficient stability of the medicament, degradation of the active ingredient. However, this also limits the thinking of those skilled in the art.

In fact, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to find that another cause of poor therapeutic effect of the drug over a long period of time is rarely revealed. Specifically, conventional medication fluid dispensers are typically designed with only a sufficient amount of medication in mind. When the dosage is sufficient, the dip tube can completely absorb enough medicament fluid for each administration, so that the dosage for each administration keeps sufficient uniformity, and further, the quantitative and accurate administration can be ensured. However, when the amount of the medicine is small and the rest amount is left or only a small amount of liquid is needed to load the effective dose of the medicine after long-time use, the liquid level of the liquid in the dispenser container is low, and the liquid inlet of the dip tube cannot be completely covered. This results in the dip tube being entrained with an indeterminate amount of gas as it draws the dose, which in turn results in an insufficient dose of drug being drawn per time, and most importantly, the dose per administration varies with the incoming gas, and does not maintain a consistent uniformity and accuracy per administration. Finally, enough medicine cannot be fed under the preset dosing times, and the treatment effect cannot be achieved.

Based on the above background, it is not disclosed in the research field of the prior art pharmaceutical fluid dispensers how to find, disclose and solve the above problems of uniformity and accuracy of administration of pharmaceutical fluid dispensers with low residual amounts of liquid fluid medicament.

On the other hand, the discarded low-allowance psychoneurosis medicines are usually illegally collected and then are subjected to illegal use due to the problems of insufficient uniformity and low administration accuracy under low allowance. Therefore, the method improves the low-margin administration uniformity, reduces the residual quantity of the psychoneurosis drugs, and has certain social significance.

Disclosure of Invention

By way of introduction to the foregoing background discussion, the present invention has discovered the reason for the uniformity of administration of a pharmaceutical fluid dispenser at low medicament margins, and thereby provides, through structural design, a pharmaceutical fluid dispenser that is capable of maintaining uniformity of administration at low medicament margins.

As previously mentioned, the problem of uniformity of administration of pharmaceutical fluid dispensers at low margins has long existed, but has been found and studied to a lesser extent in the field of pharmaceutical fluid dispenser research. The first advance of the present invention was the discovery of this technical problem. Based on this finding, the present inventors have further studied and speculated the root cause of the poor uniformity with low margin as described in the background art.

Based on the above, the basic concept of the invention is to provide a liquid collecting chamber with a reduced inner cross-sectional area to increase the depth of the fluid to be carried, and to arrange the liquid inlet of the dip tube in the liquid collecting chamber, so that the fluid can still maintain a deeper depth to cover the liquid inlet with a low margin, and the dip tube can dip a sufficient amount of medicament fluid each time the pump draws, so as to maintain a high degree of uniformity.

Under the basic concept of the present invention, the present invention provides a basic technical solution of a specific drug fluid dispenser maintaining administration uniformity with a low margin, the drug fluid dispenser maintaining administration uniformity with a low margin comprising:

the top of the container is provided with an opening, and the inner bottom wall of the container is provided with a liquid collecting chamber which can improve the depth of the fluid with the same volume by reducing the area of the inner cross section;

the metering pump is arranged at the opening of the container;

and the dip tube is arranged in the container, the top end of the dip tube is connected with the metering pump, and the liquid inlet at the bottom of the dip tube is positioned in the liquid collecting chamber and is close to the bottom of the liquid collecting chamber.

The container is mainly used for holding the medicament fluid, and the specific material is usually determined according to the nature of the carried medicament, and the common container material is polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, low borosilicate glass, medium borosilicate glass and the like.

The metering pump may be selected according to the nature of the medicament and the particular mode or location of administration, for example, various suitable metering pumps available from Aptar corporation.

Based on the basic technical scheme, the medicament fluid dispenser of the invention gradually consumes medicament to low margin in the using process. Under the action of gravity, the medicament fluid is gradually enriched in the liquid collecting chamber from the periphery. In this case, although the remaining amount of the drug is small, the inner cross-sectional area of the drug in the liquid collecting chamber is significantly reduced as compared with other portions such as the upper portion of the container, so that the drug can be kept at a high drug depth in the liquid collecting chamber. I.e. the medicament can still completely cover the liquid inlet of the dip tube in the liquid collecting chamber. Furthermore, when the metering pump pumps to administer the medicine at each time, the dip tube can dip enough quantitative medicine, the administration amount is kept uniform, stable and accurate, and the medicine effect is kept stable finally.

The medicament fluid dispenser according to the present invention may further comprise any of the following optional features in addition to the above basic technical solution. The pharmaceutical fluid dispenser of the present invention may further comprise any two or more of the following optional features without conflict between the features. These optional features and the basic technical solution are combined to form a new technical solution, and all of them are included in the scope of the present invention.

The aforementioned optional technical features are specifically as follows:

[1]: the inner bottom wall of the container is provided with a groove, and a liquid collecting chamber is formed in the groove.

[2]: the inner bottom wall of the container is provided with a groove, a liquid collecting chamber is formed in the groove, and the area of the inner cross section in the groove is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

[3]: the bottom wall of the container is provided with a groove, a liquid collecting chamber is formed in the groove, the groove is internally provided with a lowest point, and the inner bottom wall of the container is in smooth transition from the peripheral side to the lowest point.

[4]: the bottom wall of the container is provided with a groove, a liquid collecting chamber is formed in the groove, the groove is of a circular truncated cone structure with a small top and a big bottom, a liquid inlet at the bottom of the dip tube penetrates through the upper caliber of the circular truncated cone structure and is arranged close to the bottom surface of the circular truncated cone structure, and the side wall at the caliber of the circular truncated cone structure is arranged close to the side wall of the dip tube but has a gap with the side wall of the dip tube.

[5]: the bottom wall of the container is provided with a groove, a liquid collecting chamber is formed in the groove, the groove is of a round table structure with a small top and a large bottom, a liquid inlet at the bottom of the dip tube penetrates through the upper caliber of the round table structure and is close to the bottom surface of the round table structure, the side wall of the caliber of the round table structure is close to the side wall of the dip tube and is provided with a gap with the side wall of the dip tube, and the width of the gap is 2-5 mm.

[6]: the groove is of a step structure, a cone structure, a cambered surface structure, an inclined surface structure, a cylindrical structure or an inverted frustum structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.

[7]: the bottom wall in the container is provided with a groove, the liquid collecting chamber is formed in the groove, and the lowest point in the groove is positioned in the middle or on one side of the bottom wall in the container.

[8]: also comprises a stabilizing mechanism which can support and maintain the container to be placed vertically.

[9]: the container is characterized by further comprising a stabilizing mechanism capable of supporting and maintaining the container to be placed vertically, the stabilizing mechanism is a flat wall formed by downward extension of the outer bottom of the container, and when the container is placed vertically, the flat wall is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[10]: the container is characterized by further comprising a stabilizing mechanism capable of supporting and maintaining the container to be vertically placed, the stabilizing mechanism is a flat wall formed by downward extending of the outer bottom of the container, when the container is vertically placed, the flat wall is parallel to the horizontal plane, and a container outer bottom groove is formed in the outer bottom of the flat wall.

[11]: still including supporting the stabilizing mean that keeps the container to erect and place, stabilizing mean is outer bottle, and the opening part container wall of container sets up with the bottleneck wall connection of outer bottle, and the container body of container is located the inside of outer bottle.

[12]: still including supporting the stabilizing mean that the maintenance container erects and place, stabilizing mean is outer bottle, and the opening part container wall of container sets up with the bottleneck wall connection of outer bottle, and the container body of container is located the inside of outer bottle, and the outer bottom of outer bottle is provided with outer bottom groove of outer bottle.

[13]: still including supporting the stabilizing mean that keeps the container to erect and place, stabilizing mean is outer bottle, and the opening part container wall of container sets up with the bottleneck wall connection of outer bottle, and the container body of container is located the inside of outer bottle, outer bottle and container integrated into one piece.

[14]: the metering pump is arranged at the opening of the container in a sealing way through the sealing cover.

Under the same technical conception, the invention also provides another form of medicinal fluid dispenser, which comprises a metering pump, a sealing cover, a container and a dip tube; the metering pump is arranged at the opening of the container in a sealing way through the sealing cover; the inner bottom wall of the container is in a step type with a high outer side part and a low inner middle part, a groove is arranged in the inner middle part, a side ring groove is arranged on the side wall of the container, which is opposite to the groove, on the periphery, and an outer bottom groove of the container is arranged on the outer bottom wall of the container.

The medicament contained in the medicament fluid dispenser container provided by the invention is preferably a neuroleptic medicament; the neuroleptic agent is preferably butorphanol, dexmedetomidine, midazolam, ketamine, naloxone, zolpidem, zolmitriptan, fentanyl, or stereoisomers or salts thereof. When loaded with the neuroleptic agent, the medication fluid dispenser may be further referred to as a nasal spray of neuroleptic agent.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned medical fluid dispenser provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for loading dexmedetomidine nasal spray provided by the applicant of the present invention in its container to constitute a dexmedetomidine nasal spray. Dexmedetomidine nasal spray provided by the applicant of the present invention has been set forth in detail in another application filed concurrently by the applicant. In the present application, dexmedetomidine nasal spray is further described as follows:

the dexmedetomidine nasal spray comprises: dexmedetomidine or a salt thereof in a pharmaceutically effective amount, 7-10 mg/mL of sodium chloride or potassium chloride, 0.02-0.25 mg/mL of benzalkonium chloride, 0-15 mg/mL of hypromellose and the balance of water;

the pH value of the nasal spray is preferably 4-7, and more preferably 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5 or 7;

the nasal spray preferably does not contain an antioxidant, and particularly preferably does not contain potassium sorbate and EDTA-2 Na;

the nasal spray preferably contains 0.06-16 mg/mL dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, and the content concentration of the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride is further preferably 0.15-8.5 mg/mL;

the dexmedetomidine nasal spray preferably releases 2.5-650 μ g of dexmedetomidine per actuation, more preferably 5 μ g, 10 μ g, 15 μ g, 20 μ g, 25 μ g, 30 μ g, 40 μ g, 50 μ g, 60 μ g, 75 μ g, 100 μ g or 125 μ g of dexmedetomidine per actuation.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a dexmedetomidine nasal spray in a dexmedetomidine nasal spray device is provided comprising:

dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, the concentration of which is selected from any one of the following: 0.06mg/mL, 0.12mg/mL, 0.24mg/mL, 0.6mg/mL, 0.71mg/mL, 0.9mg/mL, 1.08mg/mL, 1.2mg/mL, 1.44mg/mL, 1.8mg/mL, 2.4mg/mL, 3.6mg/mL, 4.2mg/mL, 4.8mg/mL, 7mg/mL, 8.5mg/mL, or 16 mg/mL;

sodium chloride or potassium chloride, the concentration of which is selected from any one of the following: 7mg/mL, 8mg/mL, 9mg/mL, 10 mg/mL;

benzalkonium chloride, the concentration of which is selected from any one of the following: 0.02mg/mL, 0.05mg/mL, 0.075mg/mL, 0.1mg/mL, 0.125mg/mL, 0.15mg/mL, 0.175mg/mL, 0.2mg/mL, 0.25 mg/mL;

hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a concentration selected from any one of: 0mg/mL, 2mg/mL, 3mg/mL, 5mg/mL, 7mg/mL, 10mg/mL, 15 mg/mL;

the balance being water.

According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the spraying particle diameter Dv90 of the dexmedetomidine nasal spray in the dexmedetomidine nasal sprayer is 50 to 152.1 μm, preferably 52 to 142 μm, and more preferably 51 to 66 μm or 66 to 81 μm or 81 to 104 μm or 104 to 152.1 μm. The size of the spray particle size Dv90 value can be controlled by the amount of thickener added, and controlling the spray particle Dv90 value helps control the unique timing profile for clinical administration to a particular purpose.

Through the above technical solutions, the medical fluid dispenser provided by the present invention has the technical advantages of stronger system placement stability of the medical fluid dispenser and the like under the technical advantage of maintaining uniform administration with a low margin of medicament, and will be specifically discussed with reference to specific embodiments in the following.

On the other hand, the medicament fluid dispenser provided by the invention can improve the uniformity of residual medicament administration, reduce the residual quantity of psychoneurosis medicaments and reduce the illegal utilization risk.

On the other hand, the medicinal fluid dispenser is combined with the dexmedetomidine nasal spray provided by the invention, and the further dexmedetomidine nasal spray has any advantages of strong medicament stability, quick response, high bioavailability and the like. Further technical effects are discussed in connection with the embodiments.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a medicament fluid dispenser of example 1 of the present invention;

FIGS. 2-12 are partial cross-sectional views of a medicinal fluid dispenser of various embodiments of the present invention in example 2;

figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of a medicament fluid dispenser of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a metering pump; 2-sealing the cover; 3-container, 31-container inner bottom wall, 32-groove; 33-side ring groove; 34-outer bottom groove of container; 4-a dip tube; 5-outer bottle body; 51-outer bottom groove of outer bottle.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the terms used have the meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, the "inner cross-sectional area" is relative to the outer cross-sectional area, and when the object has a certain wall thickness, the area enclosed by the inner wall of the cross-section is the "inner cross-sectional area". For example, the "inner cross-sectional area" of the container herein refers to the area enclosed by the inner walls of the cross-section of the container.

Example 1:

the present embodiment provides a pharmaceutical fluid dispenser that maintains uniformity of administration with a low margin, see fig. 1, comprising a metering pump 1, a closure 2, a container 3 and a dip tube 4.

The metering pump 1 is arranged at the opening of the container 3 and is sealed and fixed by a capping 2.

The container inner bottom wall 31 of the container 3 is stepped in a high outer side portion and a low inner middle portion. The inner middle portion of the inner bottom wall 31 of the container is provided with a step vertical wall to form a groove 32. Through the step design, the medicament can flow through the step under the action of gravity and gather to enter the groove 32 when the medicament has low allowance, the inner cross-sectional area of the groove 32 is obviously reduced, and the medicament with low allowance still keeps deeper depth in the groove 32 and completely covers the liquid inlet of the dip tube 4. Make measuring pump 1 when the pump moves each time, enough medicament is drawn under the dip tube 4 homoenergetic is not mixed with gas, keeps accuracy, the homogeneity of dosing at every turn, and then guarantees the safety of using medicine.

The medicament fluid dispenser is normally upright on a counter top as shown generally in figure 1, and the container 3 can be normally positioned when the counter top is relatively flat. However, when the table top is uneven or has particles, the outer bottom wall of the container 3 is inclined by the uneven table top or the particles if the outer bottom wall is still a flat plane, and the container 3 is not stably placed. Often the user will not notice the tiny details of the counter, which can result in the container 3 being susceptible to accidental toppling or even falling off the counter when such a situation is encountered. For this reason, a container outer bottom groove 34 is further provided in the outer bottom wall of the container 3. By means of the container outer bottom trough 34, the container 3 is supported mainly by the annular circle formed by the notch edge of the container outer bottom trough 34. And tiny uneven table tops or particle impurities can enter the inner part of the outer bottom groove 34 of the container, so that the container is prevented from being jacked up.

The container inner bottom wall 31 is designed in a step shape, the wall thickness of the container side wall corresponding to the two sides of the groove 32 is thicker, and in order to fully utilize the wall thickness space and further enhance the stability of the medicine fluid distributor, the side annular grooves 33 are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the container 3 opposite to the two sides of the groove 32. Through the structural design of the side ring groove 33, the side ring groove can be mutually matched and buckled with the protruding part of the matched shelf so as to enhance the stability. When the container is made of glass or plastic, the side ring groove 33 structure can be conveniently prepared by thermoplastic molding.

Example 2:

the present embodiment provides a medical fluid dispenser which maintains uniformity of administration with a small margin, and is basically constructed to include a container 3 having an open top, a metering pump 1 installed at the open top of the container 3, and a dip tube 4 disposed in the container 3, and the top end of the dip tube 4 is connected to the metering pump 1.

As shown in fig. 2 to 11, a liquid collecting chamber for increasing the depth of fluid with the same volume by reducing the inner cross-sectional area is provided on the inner bottom wall 31 of the container 3, and the bottom liquid inlet of the dip tube 4 is located in the liquid collecting chamber and is arranged close to the bottom of the liquid collecting chamber.

In a more specific modified embodiment, the bottom wall 31 of the container is provided with a groove 32, said liquid collecting chamber being formed in the groove 32, the overall requirement of the groove 32 being that its internal cross-sectional area, as mentioned above, and the internal cross-sectional area of the upper part of the container 3, should be reduced to increase the depth of the liquid at the same volume. However, the inner cross-sectional area of the groove 32 may decrease, increase and decrease or decrease and increase from top to bottom.

In general, to facilitate smooth and smooth fall of the fluid, the inner cross-sectional area of the groove 32 may be designed to gradually decrease from top to bottom, as illustrated in FIGS. 6-11.

In some special cases, it may be particularly effective to design the inner cross-sectional area within the groove 32 to increase from top to bottom. For example, as shown in fig. 12, the groove 32 is designed to be a truncated cone structure with a small top and a large bottom, the liquid inlet at the bottom of the dip tube 4 passes through the upper caliber of the truncated cone structure and is arranged close to the bottom surface of the truncated cone structure, and the side wall at the caliber of the truncated cone structure is arranged close to the side wall of the dip tube 4 but has a gap with the side wall of the dip tube 4. Through this kind of structural design, the fluid can be smoothly from the clearance assemble into the collecting chamber, and meanwhile, dip tube 4 can be injectd in less home range by the lateral wall of the upper portion bore of recess 32, and then solve in the long-time use in-process the continuous rocking of distributor lead to dip tube 4 motion amplitude too big lead to with the wall contact block, drop or become flexible the back kneck gas leakage weeping problem. In order to better achieve the desired effect, the width of the gap can be further defined, and through tests, the width of the gap is generally selected to be 2-5 mm, which can meet the requirement.

In another modified example, the groove 32 may be formed by sinking a part of the inner bottom wall 31 of the container, and the sunk position may be a middle part as shown in fig. 2 and 3 or a side part as shown in fig. 4 and 5. The specific form of the depression is various, for example, the partial stepped depression of the container inner bottom wall 31 in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, or the partial arc depression of the container inner bottom wall 31, etc.

In a further modified example, the recess 32 may also be formed integrally with the inner bottom wall 31 of the container. Such as the cambered and hemispherical container inner bottom wall 31 of fig. 6 and 7. For example, the conical container inner bottom wall 31 of fig. 10 and 11. For example, the container inner bottom wall 31 of fig. 8 and 9 has a shape of an inclined plane, which means that when the medication-indicating fluid dispenser is vertically placed as shown in the figure, the container inner bottom wall 31 is an inclined plane inclined to the horizontal plane. The recess 32 is designed, for example, as a rounded truncated cone structure with a large top and a small bottom.

In order to further ensure smooth collection of the fluid into the liquid collection chamber, in another modified example, a lowest point is provided in the groove 32, and the container inner bottom wall 31 smoothly transitions from the outer peripheral side thereof to the lowest point.

Through the above various specific implementation structural forms, based on the same technical concept, the pharmaceutical fluid dispenser is used until the pharmaceutical fluid is low in allowance, and at this time, the dip tube of the conventional pharmaceutical fluid dispenser cannot be completely covered by the pharmaceutical fluid, so that the problem of low uniformity of administration is caused, and the administration risk is brought. According to the structural design of the medicine fluid distributor, the medicine fluid is converged and flows into the liquid collecting chamber, the medicine fluid in the liquid collecting chamber has a deeper depth, the dip tube 4 extends into the liquid inlet at the lower end of the liquid collecting chamber to completely cover the liquid inlet, gas is prevented from entering the liquid inlet in the administration process, the medicine is administered in a sufficient amount, the uniformity of the administration is kept, and unnecessary medication risks are eliminated.

The medicament fluid dispenser with the above structural design has the disadvantage that the uneven bottom surface of the container may bring risks to normal vertical placement in normal times, and it is necessary to add a stabilizing mechanism capable of supporting and maintaining the container 3 in vertical placement on the basis of the existing structure.

In another modified example, as illustrated in fig. 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, the stabilizing mechanism is implemented by: i.e. a flat wall extending downwards from the outer bottom of the container 3 of the medical fluid dispenser and being parallel to the horizontal when said container 3 is placed upright, whereby a stable upright placement of the dispenser is achieved by means of the flat wall as a stabilizing mechanism.

In another modified example, the stabilizing mechanism may be implemented in a "bottle-in-bottle" manner. Specifically, an outer bottle body is sleeved outside the container 3, and the outer bottle body plays a main role of wrapping and protecting the container 3 instead of bearing the medicament fluid and is stably placed.

As described in embodiment 1, in addition to the structure of the present embodiment, the container outer bottom groove 34 may be provided in the outer bottom wall of the container 3. By means of the container outer bottom trough 34, the container 3 is supported mainly by the annular circle formed by the notch edge of the container outer bottom trough 34. And tiny uneven table tops or particle impurities can enter the inner part of the outer bottom groove 34 of the container, so that the container is prevented from being jacked up, and the container 3 is kept to stand stably. The container outer bottom groove 34 may be a semi-spherical shape with a cambered surface structure as shown in fig. 11, or may be a multi-step shape as shown in fig. 3.

In the fluid drug dispenser of embodiment 2, the container 3 may further contain neuroleptic drugs to form a nasal spray of neuroleptic drugs. Such as butorphanol, dexmedetomidine, midazolam, ketamine, naloxone, zolpidem, zolmitriptan, fentanyl or their stereoisomers or salt forms. When the neuroleptic nasal sprayer is used, even if the neuroleptic nasal sprayer is used for a long time to a low margin, based on the same principle, the uniformity and the accuracy of the administration can be still maintained, so that the normal use is ensured. Thereby reducing the amount of residue and avoiding illegal use by illegal collection.

Example 3:

under substantially the same technical concept as that of example 1 and example 2, this example 3 provides a specific medicinal fluid dispenser having two technical advantages of maintaining uniformity of administration and good stability in placement with a small margin of medicament.

Referring to fig. 13, the medical fluid dispenser of the present embodiment 3 is mainly composed of a metering pump 1, a cap 2, a container 3, a dip tube 4 and an outer bottle body 5.

The metering pump 1 is hermetically fixed at the upper opening of the container 3 through a cover 2.

The dip tube 4 is located in the container 3, and the upper portion thereof is connected and communicated with the metering pump 1.

The inner bottom wall 31 of the container 3 is a cone structure with a downward tip, a liquid collecting chamber is formed inside the cone structure, and the vertex of the lower part of the cone structure is the lowest point. The lower end of the dip tube 4 extends into the conical structure, and the liquid inlet of the dip tube is arranged close to the lowest point.

The outer bottle body 5 is sleeved outside the container 3, and the bottle mouth wall of the outer bottle body 5 is connected with the container wall at the opening of the container 3. The outer bottom of the outer bottle body 5 is provided with a semispherical outer bottom groove 51 with a cambered surface structure.

In a modified example, the outer bottle body 5 and the container 3 are both glass bodies, and both are integrally formed.

Based on the same principle as that of

embodiments

1 and 2, the medical fluid dispenser of this embodiment 3 is manufactured by filling the container 3 with the medical fluid in advance, assembling the metering pump 1, and then sealing and fixing the container with the cap 2. When in use, along with the continuous consumption of the medicament fluid, the medicament fluid with low allowance is gathered in the liquid collecting chamber of the conical structure, and the cross section area of the conical structure is smaller towards the lower part. At this moment, although the medicament fluid is in a low margin, the cross section area is reduced after the medicament fluid enters the liquid collecting chamber with the conical structure, the depth of the fluid can still be kept at a deeper position, and then the liquid inlet of the dip tube 4 is completely covered, so that the gas is prevented from entering in the administration process, sufficient administration is realized, the uniformity of administration is kept, and unnecessary administration risks are eliminated.

Also, the medication fluid dispenser of this embodiment 3 can enhance the stability of the dispenser when it is placed upright by the outer bottle body 5 as a stabilizing mechanism. And further, the outer bottom groove 51 of the outer bottle is used for accommodating uneven table-board fine impurities, so that the container is prevented from being jacked up, and the container 3 is kept to stand and stably place.

Example 4:

the present embodiment provides a dexmedetomidine nasal spray device, which is mainly composed of two parts, a dexmedetomidine nasal spray and a medicinal fluid dispenser. The construction of the medicament fluid dispenser is identical to that provided in example 2. Several implementations of dexmedetomidine nasal spray are shown in the following examples:

example 1: respectively weighing 0.6mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 70mg of sodium chloride and 0.2mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 2: respectively weighing 1.2mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 80mg of sodium chloride and 0.5mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 4.5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 3: respectively weighing 2.4mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride and 0.75mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 4: respectively weighing 2.4mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride and 2mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 5: respectively weighing 6mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride and 2mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 6: respectively weighing 6mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride and 1mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 7 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 7: respectively weighing 9mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 100mg of sodium chloride and 1.25mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 5.5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 8: respectively weighing 10.8mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 70mg of sodium chloride and 1.5mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 6 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 9: respectively weighing 12mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 80mg of sodium chloride and 1.75mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 6.5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 10: respectively weighing 14.4mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride and 2mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 6 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 11: respectively weighing 18mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 100mg of sodium chloride and 2.5mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 6 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 12: respectively weighing 24mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 70mg of sodium chloride, 1.5mg of benzalkonium chloride and 20mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 7 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 13: respectively weighing 36mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 80mg of sodium chloride, 1mg of benzalkonium chloride and 30mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 4.5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 14: respectively weighing 42mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride, 2mg of benzalkonium chloride and 50mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 4 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 15: respectively weighing 48mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 100mg of sodium chloride, 2mg of benzalkonium chloride and 70mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 6 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 16: respectively weighing 70mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 70mg of sodium chloride, 2.5mg of benzalkonium chloride and 100mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 5.5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 17: respectively weighing 85mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 100mg of sodium chloride, 1mg of benzalkonium chloride and 150mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

Example 18: weighing dexmedetomidine hydrochloride 160mg, sodium chloride 100mg, benzalkonium chloride 2.5mg and hypromellose 150mg respectively, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH to 6.5 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (3) respectively filling the mixture into a borosilicate glass bottle, assembling a metering pump, rolling a cover, and installing an upper push button to obtain the dexmedetomidine nasal spray.

The following test examples of the performance verification of some dexmedetomidine nasal spray devices of example 4 of the present invention are shown in more detail to more clearly illustrate the technical effects of the dexmedetomidine components of the present invention, such as strong stability, fast onset of action, or high bioavailability.

Test example 1: stability investigation test

Preparation of first and second medetomidine nasal spray device

According to the formula table in the following table 1, dexmedetomidine hydrochloride and various auxiliary materials are respectively weighed, dissolved by adding water, the pH value is adjusted to a specified value, the mixture is subpackaged into glass bottles, a quantitative pump is assembled, and a cover is rolled to obtain the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. Each formulation produced 80 bottles separately for subsequent stability testing.

TABLE 1 Dexmetidine nasal spray formulations

Note "/" indicates that the substance was not added.

Second, stability survey

Taking the production batches of the formulas 1-6, respectively carrying out stability investigation of room temperature, accelerated experiment and high temperature experiment, wherein the results of each investigation item are respectively shown in the following table 2.

TABLE 2 stability test results for related substances

Note that "/" indicates that the indicator was not detected at this time point.

Third, result analysis

1. According to the results in table 2, no relevant substances were detected in the nasal spray corresponding to formula 1 under the room temperature condition of 10 days and the acceleration condition of 30 days. Even under the high-temperature condition for 30 days, the content of related substances in the formula 1 is still in a lower range, and the maximum single impurity content and the total impurity content are obviously superior to those of other formulas. And further considering the aspects of isomer, pH and osmotic pressure, the nasal spray corresponding to the formula 1 shows that the three research items are stable under the three conditions of room temperature, acceleration and high temperature.

2. The selection of the preservative:

according to tables 1 and 2, the preservative is benzalkonium chloride in

formulas

1, 4 and 6, and the related substances are obviously lower than those in the other formulas. Particularly, in the formula 1, the relevant substances are not detected in 10 days at room temperature and 30 days in the accelerated test, and the relevant substances are detected in the high-temperature 30 days process but still in a lower range. Further, the amount of the related substances in the formulation 4 containing additional hydroxymethylcellulose was increased as compared with the formulation 1 containing benzalkonium chloride alone. The related substances are further obviously increased by continuing to additionally add the antioxidant EDTA-2Na in the formula 6.

Compared with

formulas

1, 4 and 6,

formulas

2, 3 and 5 using potassium sorbate as preservative have the related substances remarkably increased, and the prior art discloses that the preservative potassium sorbate is usually used in combination with EDTA-2Na, however, when EDTA-2Na is additionally added (formula 3) and EDTA-2Na and hydroxymethyl cellulose are additionally added (formula 5), the total impurities exceed 1% in 10 days, and further reach 4.33% in a high-temperature experiment, and the controlled level is remarkably exceeded.

In combination with the foregoing analysis, it has been surprisingly found that the stability of dexmedetomidine nasal spray with respect to the substances is unexpectedly significantly improved when benzalkonium chloride is selected as the preservative.

On the other hand, the content stability of the preservative was further examined. The potassium sorbate is obviously degraded under the conditions of room temperature, acceleration and high temperature, and is very rapidly degraded particularly under the conditions of acceleration and high temperature. In the case of other variables being consistent (e.g., formula 1 versus formula 2, formula 5 versus formula 6), the preservative benzalkonium chloride in the formula degraded less than the potassium sorbate even when examined over longer periods of time. This also confirms from the other side that the preservative selection benzalkonium chloride brings a significant improvement to the stability of the nasal spray.

3. Selection of antioxidant, especially EDTA-2 Na:

generally, to maintain drug stability and extend the shelf life of a drug, an amount of antioxidant/stabilizer is added to the drug. This is a frequently used technical approach in pharmaceutical technology, and the prior art disclosures also follow this law in the research field related to dexmedetomidine nasal spray. Such as the intranasal dexmedetomidine composition disclosed in CN104470516A by the company rueli. See paragraph [0099] of CN104470516A, and the specific configuration procedure given in example 1 thereof, "adding pure water (USP) to the vessel. Anhydrous citric acid, sodium citrate dihydrate, sodium chloride, phenyl ethanol and disodium EDTA were mixed into water until dissolved. ", the art discloses the incorporation of an antioxidant/stabilizer (disodium EDTA) in the product of a dexmedetomidine intranasal formulation.

However, quite surprisingly, in a series of comparative experiments, the inventors of the present invention found that the introduction of an antioxidant (EDTA-2Na) in the research field of dexmedetomidine nasal spray products, not only did it not improve the stability of the dexmedetomidine nasal spray, but also resulted in a significant reduction of the stability of the dexmedetomidine nasal spray, which is quite different from the disclosure of the prior art.

Specifically, see table 2 for the material examination items. Compared with the formula 2, the formula 3 added with EDTA-2Na has the advantages that the total impurity content is increased from 0.1 percent to 1.19 percent in 10 days, and is increased by about 11 times; the maximum single impurity rises from 0.05% to 0.83%, an increase of about 16-fold. The 10 days high temperature showed a more than 100 times increase in total impurity content from 0.03% to 3.32%. That is, EDTA-2Na, which is usually used in combination with potassium sorbate, brings about an unexpected significant increase in impurities of the relevant substances when it is practically used in combination with potassium sorbate. In contrast to the other preservative type, formulation 6 with EDTA-2Na added does not show any reduction in the related substances as in the prior art, compared to formulation 4, i.e., the introduction of EDTA-2Na does not have a positive effect on the stability of the nasal spray from the related substances point of view.

Test example 2: pharmacokinetic testing of rats

Formula of nasal spray and preparation process

The dexmedetomidine hydrochloride and the auxiliary materials are respectively weighed according to the proportion shown in the following table 3, dissolved by adding water, the pH value is adjusted to 5.0 by using sodium hydroxide, the mixture is subpackaged into glass bottles, a quantitative pump is assembled, a cover is rolled, and a push button is added, so that the dexmedetomidine nasal spray is obtained.

TABLE 3 Dexmetidine nasal spray formula Table

Name of raw and auxiliary materials	Dosage of
		Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride	35.5mg
Sodium chloride	1350mg
		Benzalkonium chloride	30mg
Phenylethanolic acid	534.3mg
		Water (W)	To 150ml

Second, animal experiment process

The dexmedetomidine nasal spray and the commercially available dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection (2 mL: 200. mu.g, Jiangsu Henry pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.) were used as test samples, and the drugs were administered intravenously and nasally to groups of Sprague Dawley rats (SD rats) at the prescribed doses according to Table 4 below. Blood concentration of each group was measured by collecting 0.3mL of blood via jugular vein at 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours before and after administration.

TABLE 4 grouping of the drug test

Note: the administration concentration is calculated by dexmedetomidine, and the injection is diluted by normal saline for use.

Third, experimental results

The measured blood concentrations were analyzed in a non-compartmental model using Phoenix WinNonlin (v6.4) and the results are shown in Table 5 below.

TABLE 5 rat results

Fourth, result analysis

After the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray is nasally administered to SD rats, the absolute bioavailability reaches 83.8 percent, which shows that the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray provided by the invention has very good bioavailability; peak time of transnasal composition (T)_max) Only 7.5 minutes, indicating thisNasal sprays are rapidly absorbed and act rapidly, a property that is very advantageous for the clinical desire to achieve a sedative effect quickly.

Test example 3: rhesus monkey pharmacokinetic experiment

Preparation of test sample, spray particle size detection and drug delivery grouping

Taking a normal commercially available dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection with the specification of 2 mL; 200mg as a control.

Respectively weighing 0.71mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride and 1mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (4) respectively filling the mixture into borosilicate glass bottles, assembling metering pumps, and installing push buttons and press covers to obtain a test article A.

Respectively weighing 12.8mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride and 1mg of benzalkonium chloride, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (4) respectively filling the mixture into borosilicate glass bottles, assembling metering pumps, capping and installing push buttons to obtain a test article B.

Respectively weighing 0.71mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride, 1mg of benzalkonium chloride and 100mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (4) respectively filling the mixture into borosilicate glass bottles, assembling metering pumps, capping and installing push buttons to obtain a sample C.

Respectively weighing 2mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride, 2mg of benzalkonium chloride and 30mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (4) respectively filling the mixture into borosilicate glass bottles, assembling metering pumps, capping and installing push buttons to obtain a test article D.

Respectively weighing 2mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride, 2mg of benzalkonium chloride and 50mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (4) respectively filling the mixture into borosilicate glass bottles, assembling metering pumps, capping and installing push buttons to obtain a test article E.

Respectively weighing 2mg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, 90mg of sodium chloride, 2mg of benzalkonium chloride and 75mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, adding a proper amount of purified water for dissolving, adjusting the pH value to 5.5, adding purified water for titrating to 10mL, and obtaining the dexmedetomidine nasal spray. And (4) respectively filling the mixture into borosilicate glass bottles, assembling metering pumps, capping and installing push buttons to obtain a test article F.

The test article A, the test article C, the test article D, the test article E and the test article F are respectively taken and tested by a laser particle sizer to detect Dv90 (the particle size value is that 90% of particles are smaller than the value by volume percentage). The detection method comprises the following steps: the sample was capped and 1 jet discarded, and after waiting 5 seconds, 1 jet discarded again, and this operation was repeated until 8 jets were discarded as a start. The samples were placed on a trigger of a laser particle sizer according to particle size and particle size distribution determination (0982 on the four-part of the chinese pharmacopoeia 2015 edition), the particle size of the spray from 3 consecutive sprays 3cm from the spray nozzle was determined, and Dv90 and average values for each spray were recorded, with the results shown in table 6 below.

TABLE 6 spray particle size measurement results

According to the results, the concentration of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is controlled to be 0-10 mg/ml, and the average value of spray particle diameter Dv90 is controlled to be 52-142 mu m.

The test article was selected and administered to each group of healthy rhesus monkeys respectively for drug test investigation of blood concentration in the following test article types, doses, and administration routes of table 7.

TABLE 7 dosing groups for the drug test

Second, experimental results

The results of the drug test of the healthy rhesus monkeys in each group are shown in table 8 below.

TABLE 8 results of the drug test

Third, result analysis

1. And (3) bioavailability: according to the results in table 8, the absolute bioavailability of the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray is 48.3% -68.6%, that is, the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray provided by the present invention has stable and good bioavailability; in vivo exposure (AUC) increased with increasing dose by a factor slightly higher than the dose.

2. The bioavailability of the nasal spray formulation containing the thickener (test article C) was slightly higher than the nasal spray formulation without thickener (test article a) at the same dose of administration, which is distinct from the "viscosity reduction added to the viscosity of the viscosity enhancer disclosed in riraou (CN104470516A an intranasal dexmedetomidine composition) which affects the intranasal delivery of the drug, … …, the use of which may lead to reduced dexmedetomidine plasma levels and thus under certain conditions" omission ". I.e. the use of a thickener (viscosity increasing agent) in a dexmedetomidine nasal spray is feasible. Referring to table 6, the spray particle size can be controlled by the amount of hypromellose added. When the spray particle size is too small, the spray particle size is fast to absorb after contacting with nasal mucosa, but the spray particle size also brings uncomfortable medication experience that the spray particle size is not strong in adhesion with the nasal mucosa and is easy to flow after nasal administration, and on the other hand, the flow of the medicament also causes uncontrollable risk of medicament loss, so that accurate quantitative administration is difficult. According to the invention, the addition of hypromellose is properly increased, so that the adhesion effect on nasal mucosa is improved, the occurrence of dripping is reduced, and unpredictable medicine loss is avoided, thereby realizing more accurate quantitative administration control. On the other hand, with the increase of hypromellose, the spray particle size value is improved, the dissolution of the medicine is slowed down, and the dissolution duration of the medicine is prolonged. The problem that the drug risk is brought because the drug is quickly absorbed and takes effect possibly along with the nasal spray administration for multiple times or single large-dose nasal spray administration and the blood drug concentration is quickly climbed and exceeds a treatment window in a short time is solved. Further, the long-acting slow-release clinical medication effect is obtained by controlling the size of the spray particle size Dv90 value, and the bioavailability is improved to a certain extent.

3. The nasal spray has similar terminal half-life with intravenous injection, which shows that the in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics are similar, namely the nasal spray can be expected to achieve the effect equivalent to intravenous administration under the condition of equivalent in vivo exposure, and the nasal spray has important significance for controlling clinical administration dosage and effect.

Based on the above discussion, the dexmedetomidine nasal spray provided by embodiment 4 of the present invention has at least the following technical advantages:

first, the dexmedetomidine nasal spray of this embodiment 4, in view of the structural design of the drug fluid dispenser provided by the present invention, can still maintain uniformity and accuracy of drug administration with low margin, ensuring the safety of drug administration. Secondly, the dexmedetomidine nasal spray device of this embodiment 4 provides a new nasal spray formulation of dexmedetomidine with good pharmacokinetic properties, which is feasible and fully aimed at the characteristics of nasal spray administration. Thirdly, the dexmedetomidine nasal spray in the dexmedetomidine nasal spray device of this embodiment 4 has a simple composition, but has good stability. Fourthly, the dexmedetomidine nasal spray in the dexmedetomidine nasal spray device of the embodiment 4 takes benzalkonium chloride as a preservative component, so that the stability of the nasal spray is improved, and particularly the control on related substances makes remarkable progress and unexpected technical effect. Fifthly, the dexmedetomidine nasal spray in the dexmedetomidine nasal spray device of the embodiment 4 is different from the technical teaching opposite to the prior art, and the invention finds that the addition of the antioxidant, especially EDTA-2Na, especially the addition of EDTA-2Na and potassium sorbate when used together, adversely affects the stability of the nasal spray, so that the stability of the dexmedetomidine nasal spray can be further improved after the antioxidant is removed. Sixthly, the dexmedetomidine nasal spray in the dexmedetomidine nasal spray device of the embodiment 4 has a simplified formula, can reduce irritation of nasal administration as much as possible on the premise of ensuring stability, and has good acceptance because no local and systemic adverse reaction is generated on the day of administration and after administration of animals in the administration research process of rhesus monkeys in a drug-substituted test. Further examples of the New Zealand rabbit irritancy test show that: the medicine is continuously administrated for 7 days, the general state is good, and no obvious abnormality is found in the general dissection observation of the respiratory tract part and the oral mucosa and the histopathological examination. Seventhly, further experiments prove that the dexmedetomidine nasal spray in the dexmedetomidine nasal spray device of this embodiment 4 is widely applicable to packaging materials. The packaging material container can be selected from low and medium borosilicate glass bottles, and the metering pump can be selected from a metering pump commonly used in the industry. And under different packing material combinations, good stability can be kept. Eighthly, the dexmedetomidine nasal spray in the dexmedetomidine nasal spray device of this embodiment 4 has a wide applicable pH range, and can maintain good stability even when the system pH is in the range of 4 to 7.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and various other forms of products can be obtained by anyone in light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims, and which the description is intended to be interpreted accordingly.

Claims

1. A medication fluid dispenser for maintaining uniformity of administration, comprising: comprises a metering pump (1), a sealing cover (2), a container (3) and a dip tube (4); the metering pump (1) is hermetically arranged at the opening of the container (3) through the sealing cover (2); the inner bottom wall (31) of the container (3) is in a step type with a high outer side part and a low inner middle part, a groove (32) is arranged in the inner middle part, a side ring groove (33) is arranged on the side wall of the container (3) opposite to the groove (32), and an outer bottom groove (34) is arranged on the outer bottom wall of the container (3).

2. A medication fluid dispenser for maintaining uniformity of administration, comprising:

the top of the container (3) is provided with an opening, and the inner bottom wall (31) of the container is provided with a liquid collecting chamber which can improve the depth of the fluid with the same volume by reducing the area of the inner cross section;

the metering pump (1) is arranged at the opening of the container (3);

and the dip tube (4) is arranged in the container (3), the top end of the dip tube is connected with the metering pump (1), and the liquid inlet at the bottom of the dip tube is positioned in the liquid collecting chamber and is close to the bottom of the liquid collecting chamber.

3. A medication fluid dispenser according to claim 2, wherein the container inner bottom wall (31) is provided with a recess (32), the recess (32) forming the liquid collection chamber.

4. The medication fluid dispenser according to claim 3 wherein the internal cross-sectional area within the recess (32) decreases progressively from top to bottom.

5. A medicinal fluid dispenser according to claim 3, wherein the recess (32) has a lowermost point therein, and the container inner bottom wall (31) transitions smoothly from its peripheral side to said lowermost point.

6. The medication fluid dispenser according to claim 3, wherein the groove (32) is a truncated cone structure with a small top and a large bottom, the liquid inlet at the bottom of the dip tube (4) passes through the upper caliber of the truncated cone structure and is arranged near the bottom surface of the truncated cone structure, the side wall at the caliber of the truncated cone structure is arranged near the side wall of the dip tube (4) but has a gap with the side wall of the dip tube (4), and the width of the gap is preferably 2-5 mm.

7. The medication fluid dispenser according to claim 3 wherein the recess (32) is a stepped structure, a conical structure, a cambered structure, a beveled structure, a cylindrical structure or a rounded truncated structure with a large top and a small bottom.

8. The medication fluid dispenser according to claim 7 wherein the lowest point in the recess (32) is located in the middle or on one side of the container inner bottom wall (31).

9. A pharmaceutical fluid dispenser according to any of claims 2 to 8, further comprising a stabilizing mechanism capable of supporting the container (3) in an upright position;

an alternative realization of the stabilizing mechanism is a flat wall formed by extending the outer bottom of the container (3) downwards, wherein when the container (3) is placed vertically, the flat wall is parallel to the horizontal plane; preferably, the outer bottom of the flat wall is provided with a container outer bottom groove (34);

another optional realization form of the stabilizing mechanism is an outer bottle body (5), the wall of the opening of the container (3) is connected with the wall of the opening of the outer bottle body (5), and the container body of the container (3) is positioned inside the outer bottle body (5); preferably, an outer bottle outer bottom groove (51) is arranged at the outer bottom of the outer bottle body (5);

further preferably, the outer bottle body (5) is integrally formed with the container (3);

further preferably, the metering pump (1) is arranged at the opening of the container (3) in a sealing manner through a sealing cover (2).

10. Nasal spray device for neuroleptic agents, comprising a fluid dispenser according to any of claims 1 to 9, the container (3) of which is loaded with neuroleptic agents, preferably in the form of butorphanol, dexmedetomidine, midazolam, ketamine, naloxone, zolpidem, zolmitriptan, fentanyl or their stereoisomers or salts.

11. Dexmedetomidine nasal spray, characterized by comprising a pharmaceutical fluid dispenser according to any of claims 1 to 9, the container (3) of which is loaded with a dexmedetomidine nasal spray;

the dexmedetomidine nasal spray comprises dexmedetomidine or salt thereof with a pharmaceutically effective dose, 7-10 mg/mL of sodium chloride or potassium chloride, 0.02-0.25 mg/mL of benzalkonium chloride, 0-15 mg/mL of hypromellose and the balance of water;

the dexmedetomidine nasal spray preferably contains 0.06-16 mg/mL of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, and the content concentration of the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride is further preferably 0.15-8.5 mg/mL;

12. The dexmedetomidine nasal spray of claim 11, wherein the dexmedetomidine nasal spray comprises:

the balance being water.

13. Dexmedetomidine nasal spray according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the dexmedetomidine nasal spray has a spray particle size Dv90 value of 50 to 152.1 μm, preferably 52 to 142 μm, more preferably 51 to 66 μm or 66 to 81 μm or 81 to 104 μm or 104 to 152.1 μm.