CN112135412A - Time linkage control system and method for automatic repetition frequency target shooting of laser accelerator - Google Patents
Time linkage control system and method for automatic repetition frequency target shooting of laser accelerator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time linkage control system and a time linkage control method for automatic repetition frequency target shooting of a laser accelerator. According to the invention, a target body is placed on a six-axis translation table, a laser two-stage shutter is additionally arranged on a laser, the six-axis translation table, the laser two-stage shutter and a detector are respectively connected to corresponding controllers, the controllers are connected to corresponding computers, each computer is connected to a switch, and the switches are connected to a master control computer; the master control computer sends a control instruction to the switch; the switch converts the control instruction into a shared variable and transmits the shared variable to each corresponding computer; each computer converts the shared variable into a control action and respectively sends the control action to corresponding controlled equipment, so that the monitoring and linkage of a trigger signal, laser pulses, a target range and various detection instruments are realized, and the automatic repeat frequency laser target shooting and synchronous detection are realized; in the invention, the whole control system can carry out automatic laser targeting and synchronous beam diagnosis at the frequency of 1Hz, and the stability of the whole system exceeds 1%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser ion acceleration automatic control technology, in particular to a time linkage control system for automatic repetition frequency target shooting of a laser accelerator and a control method thereof.
Background
The particle accelerator is a large-scale scientific device which has important influence on the development of human science research and plays an irreplaceable role in the field of cancer radiotherapy. The traditional photon therapy for tumor which is widely used at present can not avoid the damage to the superficial healthy tissue. The proton beam generated by the accelerator benefits from the Bragg peak energy deposition characteristic, and can concentrate the dosage deposition on the tumor area by controlling parameters such as proton energy, beam spot and the like, thereby improving the killing capability to the tumor and obviously reducing the damage to the surrounding healthy tissues, thereby becoming the most advanced cancer treatment means at present. However, the ion radiotherapy device based on the traditional accelerator has huge size and expensive cost bottleneck, so that the popularization and application of the ion radiotherapy are limited, and the medical requirements of tumors cannot be met.
Based on the above background, researchers have proposed a novel proton radiotherapy apparatus using a laser plasma accelerator. The laser plasma accelerator is a novel accelerator with high acceleration gradient for accelerating charged particles by means of interaction of laser and plasma, and an accelerating medium of the accelerator is ionized plasma and is not limited by a breakdown effect; laser technology has developed rapidly over the last 20 years, enabling it to reach TV/m acceleration field gradients, accelerating protons to MeV to hundreds of MeV energies in the tens of micron scale. Compared with the traditional accelerator, the laser plasma accelerator has the advantages of miniaturization and low manufacturing cost. In the current experiment, the interaction of ultrashort ultrastrong laser and a nanometer thickness solid target body is utilized to accelerate the acquisition of a proton beam close to 100 MeV. By utilizing the beam line system, people also successfully realize the parameter accurate regulation and control of the laser accelerated proton beam. The Beijing university builds a first subminiature laser ion accelerator (CLAPA), generates a stable and controllable monoenergetic proton beam and realizes the expanded Bragg peak dose deposition distribution of the laser accelerated proton beam. As the laser accelerator gradually matures, the application prospect of the laser accelerator in the field of tumor radiotherapy has attracted more and more attention.
The current laser acceleration experiments are still based on a single shot targeting system. After the target shooting is finished, a series of actions such as searching the position of the next target point, recording the results of various detectors and the like need to be carried out. In actual tumor radiotherapy, a high repetition frequency beam is needed to realize three-dimensional dose deposition which is exactly matched with a tumor part. When the irradiation terminal detects that the dose exceeds 2% of a set value of a treatment plan, a safety interlock is required to be triggered to cut off the beam current, and the irradiation safety is ensured. With the continuous development of laser technology, the laser repetition rate of the TW power is increased to 10Hz, and the repetition frequency of the PW laser can reach 1 Hz. In order to meet the dose requirements required for radiation therapy, a repetition rate targeting system for a laser accelerator must be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to meet the dosage requirement required by irradiation treatment, the invention provides a control system and a control method thereof aiming at the automatic repetition frequency target shooting of a laser accelerator, which are based on the control system, and the monitoring and linkage of a trigger signal, a main laser pulse, a target range and various detecting instruments are realized through the connection of a transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) communication protocol, so that the automatic repetition frequency target shooting and synchronous detection of laser are realized.
The invention aims to provide a time-chain control system for automatic repetition frequency target shooting of a laser accelerator.
The laser includes: the laser device comprises an oscillator, a stretcher, a regenerative amplifier, a multi-pass amplifier, a compressor and a pumping source, wherein the oscillator generates seed laser pulses, the seed laser pulses are stretched by the stretcher and are primarily amplified by the regenerative amplifier, the primarily amplified seed laser pulses are further amplified into main laser pulses by the multi-pass amplifier, and the main laser pulses are compressed by the compressor and then interact with a target body; in the multi-pass amplifier, the energy gain of the seed laser pulse is provided by a pumping source as a main laser pulse.
The time interlock control system for the automatic repetition frequency target shooting of the laser accelerator comprises: the system comprises a general control computer, a switch, a target body computer, a laser computer, a detection computer, a target body controller, a laser controller, a detector, a six-axis translation table and a laser two-stage shutter; wherein, the target body is placed on a six-axis translation table; the laser two-stage shutters are respectively a seed light shutter for controlling a seed light switch in a quick response manner and a main laser shutter for controlling a main laser switch in a slow response manner, the seed light shutter is arranged in the laser before seed light enters a pumping source, and the main laser shutter is arranged behind the main laser emergent pumping source; the master control computer is connected to the switch through a network cable; the switch is respectively connected to the target computer, the laser computer and the detection computer through network cables; the target computer is connected to the target controller through a network cable; the target controller is connected to the six-axis translation table through a network cable; the laser computer is connected to the laser controller through a network cable; the laser controller is connected to the net ports of the seed optical shutter and the main laser shutter through net wires, is connected to the coaxial cable interface of the seed optical shutter through a synchronous coaxial cable, and is also connected to the coaxial cable interface of the detector through the synchronous coaxial cable; the detection computer is connected to the network port of the detector through a network cable, and the controller of the detector is packaged into a whole; the laser is connected to a laser controller through a coaxial cable, and the laser controller is connected with the laser two-stage shutter and the detector through a synchronous coaxial cable; the laser sends out continuous high-level synchronous signals synchronous with continuous main laser pulses through a coaxial cable interface, the synchronous signals are transmitted to the seed optical shutter and the detector in a delayed mode through the laser controller, response time is provided for the seed optical shutter and the detector through the delay of the laser controller, the seed optical shutter and the detector are triggered to expose by the rising edge of the high level of the synchronous signals, the delayed first high-level is synchronous with the second main laser pulses without delay, and synchronous control among the laser, the two-stage laser shutter and the detector is achieved; the opening time of the seed optical shutter and the detector is exposure time, the exposure time is far longer than the pulse width of the main laser pulse, the delay time T1 of the synchronous signal, the period T of the main laser pulse and the response time T2 of the instrument meet T-T1> T2, the exposure time T meets T + T1> T, for two adjacent high levels, only the main laser pulse synchronous with the second high level can fall into a window of the exposure time, in the exposure time, the two laser shutters allow the single laser to pass through, the detector exposes the detection laser targeting process, and transmits the detection signal to the detection computer; the master control computer sends a control instruction to the switch; the switch converts the control instruction into a shared variable and distributes the shared variable to the corresponding target computer, the laser computer and the detection computer respectively; the target body computer, the laser computer and the detection computer convert the shared variable into control actions and respectively send the control actions to the target body controller, the laser controller and the detector which are respectively connected; correspondingly controlling the six-axis translation stage to move, selecting a single main laser pulse from continuous laser by the laser two-stage shutter, collecting signals by the detector, and feeding back equipment information and detection signals to corresponding upstream target computers, laser computers or detection computers; the equipment information and the detection signal are also fed back to the switch in a mode of sharing variables; the switch is transmitted to the general control computer, and the general control computer displays the equipment information and the detection signal to the user.
The system comprises a general control computer and an exchanger, the exchanger, a target body computer, a laser computer and a detection computer, wherein the target body computer and a target body controller, the target body controller and a six-axis translation table, the laser computer and a laser controller, the laser controller and a seed light shutter and a main laser shutter are communicated, and the detection computer and a detector adopt a TCP/IP protocol.
The detector, the six-axis translation stage and the laser two-stage shutter form controlled equipment. The detection control device of the detector is integrated in the detector. The detector employs one or more CCD cameras and/or one or more spectrometers.
The position and attitude information of the target body, which is optimally coupled in space by the target body and the main laser pulse emitted by the laser, is stored in the target body computer and is called as an optimal beam target coupling point, and the position of the main laser pulse is not changed in the whole system operation process.
The invention also aims to provide a time-chain control method for automatic repetition frequency target shooting of the laser accelerator.
The time linkage control method for the automatic repetition frequency target shooting of the laser accelerator comprises the following steps:
1) the laser emits continuous main laser pulse and synchronous signals in a fixed period, the synchronous signals are periodic high levels, the period is synchronous with the main laser pulse, and the high levels of the main laser pulse and the synchronous signals are strictly consistent;
2) the user configures parameters on the general control computer, starts the system, the general control computer establishes the communication of the whole system according to the parameters configured by the user and connects all the controlled equipment for safety check, if an alarm exists, the general control computer prompts the user to carry out system troubleshooting until the alarm is eliminated;
3) the master control computer simultaneously initializes all the controlled equipment according to the configured parameters and establishes a storage path of the feedback information and the feedback signal of the controlled equipment; the laser two-stage shutter initialization state is as follows: the seed optical shutter is opened, and the main laser shutter is closed; the six-axis translation stage is initialized to move to the first optimal beam target coupling point; the detector initialization process comprises the steps of setting exposure time, setting acquisition frequency and setting a trigger mode as external trigger; the storage path is used for storing the controlled equipment information and the detection signal;
4) the user operates the master control computer to carry out target shooting, inputs the target shooting times and sends a target shooting request to the master control computer;
5) after receiving a target shooting request of a user, the general control computer returns the target shooting times stored by a local variable to zero, and sends a target shooting instruction to the laser computer in a shared variable mode, the laser computer converts the shared variable into a shutter control action, controls the two-stage laser shutter to close the seed light shutter and open the main laser shutter in sequence, ensures that a main laser pulse cannot be emitted, and feeds back the main laser pulse to the general control computer after the action is finished;
6) after the preparation of the two-stage shutter is finished, the master control computer sends a waiting trigger instruction to the switch, the switch converts the waiting trigger instruction into a shared variable, and simultaneously communicates with the laser computer and the detection computer, the laser computer and the detection computer convert the shared variable into trigger control actions to respectively control the seed optical shutter and the detector to enter a triggerable state, and then the emergence of the main laser pulse is controlled through the quick response of the seed optical shutter;
7) the laser computer controls the laser controller to receive a synchronous signal from the laser, the synchronous signal is transmitted to the seed optical shutter and the detector through the synchronous coaxial cable after being delayed by the laser controller, response time is provided for the seed optical shutter and the detector through the delay of the laser controller, the seed optical shutter and the detector are triggered to expose by the rising edge of the high level of the synchronous signal, at the moment, the delayed first high level is synchronous with the second main laser pulse without delay, so that the main laser pulse is not blocked by the seed optical shutter to be emitted, and the main laser pulse acts on a target body, so that the synchronization of the seed optical shutter, the detector and the main laser pulse is realized; the seed optical shutter and the detector are triggered and simultaneously send feedback information to the laser computer and the detection computer, the laser computer and the detection computer perform timing after receiving the feedback information, and after the exposure time set by a user is reached, the laser computer and the detection computer respectively control the seed optical shutter to close and the detector to stop collecting so as to avoid the influence of the next main laser pulse; the opening time of the seed optical shutter and the detector is exposure time, the exposure time is far longer than the pulse width of the main laser pulse, the delay time T1 of the synchronous signal, the period T of the main laser pulse and the response time T2 of the instrument meet T-T1> T2, the exposure time T meets T + T1> T, for two adjacent high levels, only the main laser pulse synchronous with the second high level can fall into a window of the exposure time, in the exposure time, the two laser shutters allow the single laser to pass through, the detector exposes the detection laser targeting process, and transmits the detection signal to the detection computer;
8) after exposure is finished, the seed light shutter is controlled to be closed; the detector transmits detection signals to the detection computer, the detection computer processes the detection signals acquired by the detector and transmits the processed results to the switch in a variable sharing mode, the switch transmits the processed results to the general control computer to be displayed to a user, and the general control computer counts the number of times of target shooting and accumulates once; the laser two-stage shutter feeds shutter closing information back to the laser computer, the laser computer feeds back the shutter closing information to the switch in a variable sharing mode, the switch transmits the shutter closing information to the master control computer, the master control computer receives the feedback and then communicates with the target computer, and the target computer calls local optimal beam target coupling point information to control the six-axis translation stage to move to the next optimal beam target coupling point;
9) after the six-axis translation table is in place, feeding in-place information back to the target body computer, feeding the target body computer back to the exchanger in a variable sharing mode after receiving the feedback, transmitting the exchanger to the general control computer, performing data and controlled equipment inspection after the general control computer receives the feedback, communicating the general control computer with the laser computer again after the inspection is passed, controlling the laser controller by the laser computer to receive synchronous signals, and repeating the steps 7) and 8) until the number of times of target shooting reaches the number of times of target shooting set by a user;
10) after the number of times of shooting reaches the number of times of shooting set by a user, the master control computer communicates with the laser computer, controls the two-stage laser shutter to close the master laser shutter and open the seed light shutter in sequence, ensures that the master laser pulse does not exit, restores the initialization state, and feeds back the action to the master control computer after finishing the action;
11) and after the shooting is finished, the user operates the general control computer to carry out shooting again, namely step 4), or the equipment is closed and a log is generated.
Wherein, in step 2), the parameters include: exposure time, delay time, first beam target coupling point selection, detector selection and acquisition frequency of the detector. The system comprises a general control computer and an exchanger, the exchanger, a target body computer, a laser computer and a detection computer, wherein the target body computer and a target body controller, the target body controller and a six-axis translation table, the laser computer and a laser controller, the laser controller and a seed light shutter and a main laser shutter are communicated, and the detection computer and a detector adopt a TCP/IP protocol. The selection of the detector refers to selecting one or more CCD cameras and/or one or more spectrometers to work to detect.
In step 7), the period T of the main laser pulse is fixed by a laser, and for the current hundred-Taiwan laser and even the beat laser, T is more than 100 ms; the delay time T1 of the synchronizing signal is related to the period of the main laser pulse and the response time T2 of the instrument, and T-T1> T2 is satisfied; the exposure time T satisfies T + T1> T, generally in ms magnitude, the pulse width tau of the main laser pulse is ps-fs magnitude, and the exposure time is ensured to be far larger than the pulse width of the main laser pulse.
In the step 8), a six-axis translation table is adopted, the stepping precision is better than 1 mu m, and the position and the posture of the target body can be accurately adjusted.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the invention, a target body is placed on a six-axis translation table, a laser two-stage shutter is additionally arranged on a laser, the six-axis translation table, the laser two-stage shutter and a detector are respectively connected to corresponding controllers, the controllers are connected to corresponding computers, each computer is connected to a switch, and the switches are connected to a master control computer; the master control computer sends a control instruction to the switch; the switch converts the control instruction into a shared variable and distributes the shared variable to corresponding computers; each computer converts the shared variable into a control action and transmits the control action to the controlled equipment connected with the computer, so that the monitoring and linkage of a trigger signal, a main laser pulse, a target range and various detection instruments are realized, and the automatic repeat frequency laser targeting and synchronous detection are realized; in the invention, the whole control system can carry out automatic laser targeting and synchronous beam diagnosis at the frequency of 1Hz, and the stability of the whole system exceeds 1%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the time-chain control of the automatic repetition frequency targeting of the laser accelerator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the time-interlock control method for automatic repetition frequency targeting of a laser accelerator according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the time-chain principle of the time-chain control method for automatic repetition frequency targeting of the laser accelerator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated by means of specific embodiments in the following with reference to the drawing.
As shown in fig. 1, the time-chain control system for automatic repetition frequency targeting of a laser accelerator in this embodiment includes: the system comprises a general control computer 1, an exchanger 2, a target computer 3, a laser computer 4, a detection computer 5, a target controller 6, a laser controller 7, a detector 8, a six-axis translation table 9 and a laser two-stage shutter 10; wherein, the target body is placed on a six-axis translation table 9; the laser two-stage shutter 10 is respectively a seed optical shutter for controlling a seed optical switch in quick response and a main laser shutter for controlling a main laser switch in slow response, the seed optical shutter is arranged in front of a pumping source of the laser, and the main laser shutter is arranged behind the pumping source; the general control computer 1 is connected to the switch 2 through a network cable A; the switch 2 is respectively connected to the target computer 3, the laser computer 4 and the detection computer 5 through network cables A; the target computer 3 is connected to the target controller 6 through a network cable a; the target controller 6 is connected to a six-axis translation stage 9 through a network cable a; the laser computer 4 is connected to the laser controller 7 through a network cable A; the laser controller 7 is connected to the net ports of the seed optical shutter and the main laser shutter through a net wire A, is connected to the coaxial cable interface of the seed optical shutter through a synchronous coaxial cable B, and is also connected to the coaxial cable interface of the detector 8 through the synchronous coaxial cable B; the detection computer 5 is connected to a net port of the detector 8 through a net wire, the detector 8 adopts a CCD camera, and a controller of the detector 8 is packaged with the detector into a whole; the laser is connected to a laser controller through a coaxial cable, the laser controller 7 is connected with the laser two-stage shutter 10 and the detector 8 through a synchronous coaxial cable, a laser coaxial cable interface sends out a continuous high level signal synchronous with continuous laser, the high level signal is applied to the synchronous coaxial cable, and the high level signal is delayed through the laser controller 7, so that synchronous control among the laser, the laser two-stage shutter 10 and the detector 8 is realized; the general control computer 1 sends a control instruction to the switch 2; the switch 2 converts the control instruction into a shared variable and distributes the shared variable to the corresponding target computer 3, the laser computer 4 and the detection computer 5 respectively; the target body computer 3, the laser computer 4 and the detection computer 5 convert the shared variable into control actions and respectively send the control actions to a target body controller 6, a laser controller 7 and a detector 8 which are respectively connected; correspondingly controlling the six-axis translation stage 9 to move, selecting a single main laser pulse from continuous lasers by the laser two-stage shutter 10, collecting signals by the detector 8, and feeding back equipment information and detection signals to the upstream corresponding target computer 3, laser computer 4 or detection computer 5; the equipment information and the detection signal are also fed back to the switch 2 in a mode of sharing variables; the switch 2 is transmitted to the general control computer 1, and the general control computer 1 displays the equipment information and the detection signal to the user.
The time linkage control method for the automatic repetition frequency target shooting of the laser accelerator comprises the following steps:
1) the laser emits continuous main laser pulse and synchronous signals in a fixed period, the synchronous signals are periodic high levels, the period is synchronous with the main laser pulse, and the high levels of the main laser pulse and the synchronous signals are strictly consistent;
2) the user configures parameters on the general control computer 1, and the parameters comprise: exposure time, delay time, 300 times of target shooting, selection of a first beam target coupling point, connection of three cameras and a spectrometer for detection and acquisition frequency of a detector 8, starting a system, establishing communication of the whole system by a general control computer 1 according to parameters configured by a user and connecting all controlled equipment for safety inspection, and prompting the user to perform system investigation by the general control computer 1 if an alarm is generated until the alarm is eliminated;
3) the general control computer 1 initializes all the controlled equipment simultaneously according to the configured parameters and establishes a storage path of the feedback information and the feedback signal of the controlled equipment; the laser two-stage shutter 10 is initialized as follows: the seed optical shutter is opened, and the main laser shutter is closed; the six-axis translation stage 9 is initialized to move to the first optimal beam target coupling point; the detector 8 initializes the process of setting exposure time, setting acquisition frequency and setting the trigger mode as external trigger; the storage path is used for storing the controlled equipment information and the detection signal;
4) the user operates the general control computer 1 to carry out target shooting, and the user sends a target shooting request to the general control computer 1;
5) after receiving a target shooting request of a user, the general control computer 1 firstly communicates with the laser computer 4, controls the laser two-stage shutter 10 to sequentially close the seed light shutter and open the main laser shutter, and feeds back the action to the general control computer 1 after finishing the action;
6) after the preparation of the two-stage shutter is finished, the general control computer 1 simultaneously communicates with the laser computer 4 and the detection computer 5 to respectively control the seed optical shutter and the detector 8 to enter a triggerable state, and then the emergence of the main laser pulse is controlled through the quick response of the seed optical shutter;
7) the laser computer 4 controls the laser controller 7 to receive a synchronous signal from the laser, the synchronous signal is transmitted to the seed optical shutter and the detector 8 through the synchronous coaxial cable after being delayed by the laser controller 7, response time is provided for the seed optical shutter and the detector 8 through the delay of the laser controller 7, the seed optical shutter and the detector 8 are triggered to expose by the rising edge of a high level signal, at the moment, a first high level after delay is synchronous with a second main laser pulse without delay, so that the main laser pulse is not blocked by the seed optical shutter and is emitted, and the main laser pulse acts on a target body, so that the seed optical shutter and the detector 8 are synchronous with the main laser pulse; the seed light shutter and the detector 8 are triggered and simultaneously send feedback information to the laser computer 4 and the detection computer 5, the two computers receive the feedback information and then time, and after the exposure time set by a user is reached, the laser computer 4 and the detection computer 5 respectively control the seed light shutter to close and the detector 8 to stop collecting so as to avoid the influence of the next main laser pulse; the time for opening the seed light shutter and the detector 8 is exposure time, the exposure time is far longer than the pulse width of the main laser pulse, the delay time T1 of the synchronizing signal, the period T of the main laser pulse and the response time T2 of the instrument meet T-T1> T2, the exposure time T meets T + T1> T, for two adjacent high levels, only the main laser pulse synchronized with the second high level can certainly fall into a window of the exposure time, in the exposure time, the laser two-stage shutter 10 allows single laser to pass through, the detector 8 exposes and detects the laser targeting process, and transmits a detection signal to the detection computer 5;
8) after exposure is finished, the seed light shutter is controlled to be closed; the detector 8 transmits a detection signal to the detection computer 5, the detection computer 5 processes the detection signal acquired by the detector 8 and transmits the processed result to the general control computer 1 to be displayed to a user, and the total control computer counts the number of times of target shooting and accumulates for one time; the laser computer 4 communicates with the general control computer 1, shutter closing information is fed back, the general control computer 1 receives feedback and then communicates with the target computer 3, the target computer 3 calls local optimal beam target coupling point information to control the six-axis translation stage 9 to move to the next optimal beam target coupling point;
9) after the six-axis translation table 9 is in place, the in-place information is fed back to the target body computer 3, the target body computer 3 receives the feedback and then communicates with the general control computer 1, after the general control computer 1 receives the feedback, data and controlled equipment are firstly tested, after the test is passed, the general control computer 1 communicates with the laser computer 4 again, the laser computer 4 controls the laser controller 7 to receive a synchronous signal, and the steps 7) and 8) are repeated until the number of times of target shooting reaches 300 times;
10) after the number of times of shooting reaches the number of times of shooting set by a user, the general control computer 1 communicates with the laser computer 4, controls the laser two-stage shutter 10 to close the main laser shutter and open the seed light shutter in sequence, ensures that the main laser pulse does not exit, restores the initialization state, and feeds back to the general control computer 1 after the action is finished;
11) after the shooting is finished, the user operates the general control computer 1 to shoot again or close the equipment and generate a log.
In this embodiment, the entire control system is capable of automated laser targeting and simultaneous beam diagnostics at a frequency of 1 Hz. This example was run at 300 times for a total of 10 minutes, with some additional time spent for target replacement, with simultaneous diagnosis showing overall system stability of over 1%.
Finally, it is noted that the disclosed embodiments are intended to aid in further understanding of the invention, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the embodiments disclosed, but the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The time-chain control system for the automatic repetition frequency target shooting of the laser accelerator is characterized by comprising the following components: the system comprises a general control computer, a switch, a target body computer, a laser computer, a detection computer, a target body controller, a laser controller, a detector, a six-axis translation table and a laser two-stage shutter; wherein, the target body is placed on a six-axis translation table; the laser two-stage shutters are respectively a seed light shutter for controlling a seed light switch in a quick response manner and a main laser shutter for controlling a main laser switch in a slow response manner, the seed light shutter is arranged in the laser before seed light enters a pumping source, and the main laser shutter is arranged behind the main laser emergent pumping source; the master control computer is connected to the switch through a network cable; the switch is respectively connected to the target computer, the laser computer and the detection computer through network cables; the target computer is connected to the target controller through a network cable; the target controller is connected to the six-axis translation table through a network cable; the laser computer is connected to the laser controller through a network cable; the laser controller is connected to the net ports of the seed optical shutter and the main laser shutter through net wires, is connected to the coaxial cable interface of the seed optical shutter through a synchronous coaxial cable, and is also connected to the coaxial cable interface of the detector through the synchronous coaxial cable; the detection computer is connected to the network port of the detector through a network cable, and the controller of the detector is packaged into a whole; the laser is connected to a laser controller through a coaxial cable, and the laser controller is connected with the laser two-stage shutter and the detector through a synchronous coaxial cable; the laser sends out continuous high-level synchronous signals synchronous with continuous main laser pulses through a coaxial cable interface, the synchronous signals are transmitted to the seed optical shutter and the detector in a delayed mode through the laser controller, response time is provided for the seed optical shutter and the detector through the delay of the laser controller, the seed optical shutter and the detector are triggered to expose by the rising edge of the high level of the synchronous signals, the delayed first high-level is synchronous with the second main laser pulses without delay, and synchronous control among the laser, the two-stage laser shutter and the detector is achieved; the opening time of the seed optical shutter and the detector is exposure time, the exposure time is far longer than the pulse width of the main laser pulse, the delay time T1 of the synchronous signal, the period T of the main laser pulse and the response time T2 of the instrument meet T-T1> T2, the exposure time T meets T + T1> T, for two adjacent high levels, only the main laser pulse synchronous with the second high level can fall into a window of the exposure time, in the exposure time, the two laser shutters allow the single laser to pass through, the detector exposes the detection laser targeting process, and transmits the detection signal to the detection computer; the master control computer sends a control instruction to the switch; the switch converts the control instruction into a shared variable and distributes the shared variable to the corresponding target computer, the laser computer and the detection computer respectively; the target body computer, the laser computer and the detection computer convert the shared variable into control actions and respectively send the control actions to the target body controller, the laser controller and the detector which are respectively connected; correspondingly controlling the six-axis translation stage to move, selecting a single main laser pulse from continuous laser by the laser two-stage shutter, collecting signals by the detector, and feeding back equipment information and detection signals to corresponding upstream target computers, laser computers or detection computers; the equipment information and the detection signal are also fed back to the switch in a mode of sharing variables; the switch is transmitted to the general control computer, and the general control computer displays the equipment information and the detection signal to the user.
2. The time-interlock control system for automatic repetition rate targeting of a laser accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the target computer stores therein position and attitude information of a target body for which the target body is optimally spatially coupled with the laser pulses from the laser, referred to as an optimal beam target coupling point, and the position of the laser pulses is not changed during the entire system operation.
3. The time-chain control system for automatic repetition rate targeting of a laser accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the detection control means of the detector is integrated into the detector.
4. The time-chain control system for automatic repetition rate targeting of a laser accelerator according to claim 1, wherein said detector employs one or more CCD cameras and/or one or more spectrometers.
5. A control method of the time-chain control system for laser accelerator automatic repeat-frequency targeting according to claim 1, characterized in that the control method comprises the following steps:
1) the laser emits continuous main laser pulse and synchronous signals in a fixed period, the synchronous signals are periodic high levels, the period is synchronous with the main laser pulse, and the high levels of the main laser pulse and the synchronous signals are strictly consistent;
2) the user configures parameters on the general control computer, starts the system, the general control computer establishes the communication of the whole system according to the parameters configured by the user and connects all the controlled equipment for safety check, if an alarm exists, the general control computer prompts the user to carry out system troubleshooting until the alarm is eliminated;
3) the master control computer simultaneously initializes all the controlled equipment according to the configured parameters and establishes a storage path of the feedback information and the feedback signal of the controlled equipment; the laser two-stage shutter initialization state is as follows: the seed optical shutter is opened, and the main laser shutter is closed; the six-axis translation stage is initialized to move to the first optimal beam target coupling point; the detector initialization process comprises the steps of setting exposure time, setting acquisition frequency and setting a trigger mode as external trigger; the storage path is used for storing the controlled equipment information and the detection signal;
4) the user operates the master control computer to carry out target shooting, inputs the target shooting times and sends a target shooting request to the master control computer;
5) after receiving a target shooting request of a user, the general control computer returns the target shooting times stored by a local variable to zero, and sends a target shooting instruction to the laser computer in a shared variable mode, the laser computer converts the shared variable into a shutter control action, controls the two-stage laser shutter to close the seed light shutter and open the main laser shutter in sequence, ensures that a main laser pulse cannot be emitted, and feeds back the main laser pulse to the general control computer after the action is finished;
6) after the preparation of the two-stage shutter is finished, the master control computer sends a waiting trigger instruction to the switch, the switch converts the waiting trigger instruction into a shared variable, and simultaneously communicates with the laser computer and the detection computer, the laser computer and the detection computer convert the shared variable into trigger control actions to respectively control the seed optical shutter and the detector to enter a triggerable state, and then the emergence of the main laser pulse is controlled through the quick response of the seed optical shutter;
7) the laser computer controls the laser controller to receive a synchronous signal from the laser, the synchronous signal is transmitted to the seed optical shutter and the detector through the synchronous coaxial cable after being delayed by the laser controller, response time is provided for the seed optical shutter and the detector through the delay of the laser controller, the seed optical shutter and the detector are triggered to expose by the rising edge of the high level of the synchronous signal, at the moment, the delayed first high level is synchronous with the second main laser pulse without delay, so that the main laser pulse is not blocked by the seed optical shutter to be emitted, and the main laser pulse acts on a target body, so that the synchronization of the seed optical shutter, the detector and the main laser pulse is realized; the seed optical shutter and the detector are triggered and simultaneously send feedback information to the laser computer and the detection computer, the laser computer and the detection computer perform timing after receiving the feedback information, and after the exposure time set by a user is reached, the laser computer and the detection computer respectively control the seed optical shutter to close and the detector to stop collecting so as to avoid the influence of the next main laser pulse; the opening time of the seed optical shutter and the detector is exposure time, the exposure time is far longer than the pulse width of the main laser pulse, the delay time T1 of the synchronous signal, the period T of the main laser pulse and the response time T2 of the instrument meet T-T1> T2, the exposure time T meets T + T1> T, for two adjacent high levels, only the main laser pulse synchronous with the second high level can fall into a window of the exposure time, in the exposure time, the two laser shutters allow the single laser to pass through, the detector exposes the detection laser targeting process, and transmits the detection signal to the detection computer;
8) after exposure is finished, the seed light shutter is controlled to be closed; the detector transmits detection signals to the detection computer, the detection computer processes the detection signals acquired by the detector and transmits the processed results to the switch in a variable sharing mode, the switch transmits the processed results to the general control computer to be displayed to a user, and the general control computer counts the number of times of target shooting and accumulates once; the laser two-stage shutter feeds shutter closing information back to the laser computer, the laser computer feeds back the shutter closing information to the switch in a variable sharing mode, the switch transmits the shutter closing information to the master control computer, the master control computer receives the feedback and then communicates with the target computer, and the target computer calls local optimal beam target coupling point information to control the six-axis translation stage to move to the next optimal beam target coupling point;
9) after the six-axis translation table is in place, feeding in-place information back to the target body computer, feeding the target body computer back to the exchanger in a variable sharing mode after receiving the feedback, transmitting the exchanger to the general control computer, performing data and controlled equipment inspection after the general control computer receives the feedback, communicating the general control computer with the laser computer again after the inspection is passed, controlling the laser controller by the laser computer to receive synchronous signals, and repeating the steps 7) and 8) until the number of times of target shooting reaches the number of times of target shooting set by a user;
10) after the number of times of shooting reaches the number of times of shooting set by a user, the master control computer communicates with the laser computer, controls the two-stage laser shutter to close the master laser shutter and open the seed light shutter in sequence, ensures that the master laser pulse does not exit, restores the initialization state, and feeds back the action to the master control computer after finishing the action;
11) and after the shooting is finished, the user operates the general control computer to carry out shooting again, namely step 4), or the equipment is closed and a log is generated.
6. The control method according to claim 5, wherein in step 2), the parameters include: exposure time, delay time, target hitting times, first beam target coupling point selection, detector selection and acquisition frequency of the detector.
7. The control method according to claim 5, wherein in step 7), the period T of the laser pulse is fixed by the laser, T > 100 ms; the exposure time t is in the magnitude of ms, and the pulse width tau of the laser pulse is in the magnitude of ps-fs.
8. The control method according to claim 5, wherein in step 8), a six-axis translation stage is used, and the step accuracy is better than 1 μm.
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