CN112134834A - Data lake system architecture based on block chain - Google Patents
Data lake system architecture based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN112134834A CN112134834A CN202010423876.2A CN202010423876A CN112134834A CN 112134834 A CN112134834 A CN 112134834A CN 202010423876 A CN202010423876 A CN 202010423876A CN 112134834 A CN112134834 A CN 112134834A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
- G06Q40/04—Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/10—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/565—Conversion or adaptation of application format or content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
Abstract
The invention provides a Data lake BDL (blockchain Data lake) system architecture based on a block chain, which enables the block chain to be applied to more complex service scenes and is particularly suitable for big Data analysis. The system architecture includes: (1) the realized abstract block chain node comprises a data acquisition and transmission module; (2) the block chain data pipeline provides functions of block chain data sending and receiving, block chain data conversion and processing and the like; (3) the data lake BDL of the block chain comprises a block chain database, a data analysis component, a data security and access component and a BDL chain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of block chain technology and data processing, and particularly relates to a design technology of a data lake system with data collaboration among a plurality of heterogeneous or homogeneous block chains.
Background
The data of the block chain adopts an increment storage mode, and the block data and the transaction data are taken as main data. The current block link data or transaction data is mainly queried in a mode of traversal query, hash-based query, block height-based query and the like. In this design, the application stores the hash value corresponding to the uplink data, and performs a query based on the hash value provided by the application. The data query mode of the block chain is single, and is particularly unfriendly to big data analysis, and the block chain cannot be applied to more complex service scenes, particularly service scenes of cross-chain data fusion, such as block chain supervision. With the development of the blockchain technology, application scenarios of blockchains are continuously enriched, and requirements for blockchain data fusion and data collaboration are higher and higher. For example: a certain user has a large amount of funds in a bank A, other users related to the user have large amount of abnormal fund flow in other banks such as a bank B, a bank C, a bank D … … and the like, and data among the banks need to be fused and coordinated through inter-bank supervision to solve the problem of fund supervision.
Therefore, the invention provides a data lake framework based on the block chains, which enables the originally mutually isolated block chains to realize the interconnection and intercommunication of the block chain data, can support the functions of complex query, data mining and data analysis, and greatly improves the data utilization efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a data lake system architecture based on block chains, which can get through various isomorphic or heterogeneous block chains, realize the mutual fusion and cooperation of block chain data, support the functions of complex query, data mining and data analysis and greatly improve the data utilization efficiency. The architecture proposed by the present invention comprises the following parts:
(1) achievable abstract blockchain nodes: various block chain systems collect and exchange Data with a block chain Data lake bdl (blockchain Data lake) by implementing the abstract node, and the node comprises the following modules:
(1a) the block chain adds the data acquisition module: acquiring data of the newly added block at regular time;
(1b) a block chain new data sending module: sending data to a block chain data pipeline at regular time;
(2) block chain data pipe: the connection between the block chain and the BDL comprises block chain data sending and receiving and block chain data conversion and processing, and the data pipeline comprises the following modules:
(2a) the block link point and BDL link connecting module: establishing a block chain and BDL communication channel;
(2b) a block chain data receiving module: receiving data sent by an abstract block chain node;
(2c) the block chain data conversion processing module: carrying out formatting processing and encryption processing on data sent by the abstract block chain node;
(2d) the block chain data safety transmission module: transmitting the formatted and encrypted data to the BDL;
(3) the blockchain data lake BDL comprises the following modules or components:
(3a) block chain database: the storage and the quick retrieval of massive block chain data are supported;
(3b) a data analysis component: support for a variety of data analysis tools, including but not limited to SQL, hive, impala, spark, etc.;
(3c) data security and access component: the system is responsible for block chain access authorization and data lake access control;
(3d) BDL chain: for linking up the critical data of the BDL and providing the self data checking function of the BDL.
Further, the blockchain system in (1) may include homogeneous blockchains and may also include heterogeneous blockchains.
Further, the block chain storage database in the step (3 a) adopts a distributed storage technology, has strong expansibility and easy maintenance, and supports disaster recovery and automatic backup. In the specific embodiment, various data retrieval modes such as SQL, YARN, MapReduce, key, filter and the like can be supported. The data table of the block chain storage database can be self-adaptive according to the service requirement, and the fields can be automatically adjusted.
Further, the block chain access authorization function in (3 c) registers a legal identity that can access the BDL for each block chain, and an unauthorized block chain cannot access the BDL. The abstract blockchain node addresses of each chain need to be registered in the BDL declaration in advance, and nodes that have not been registered cannot access the BDL even if authorized.
Further, the BDL chain in (3 d) is used to ensure correctness and non-tamper property of the key information of the BDL itself, to verify the key data and hash generated during the BDL analysis process, and to provide a data verification function.
The BDL system processing method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) the accessed block chain is registered in the BDL first to obtain authorization and obtain a unique identity;
(2) the accessed block chain realizes abstract block chain nodes, is deployed in the chain of the accessed block chain and is responsible for regularly acquiring newly added block chain data;
(3) after obtaining the authorization of (1), the node address deployed in the BDL is required to be registered in (2);
(4) deploying a block chain data pipeline (hereinafter referred to as a pipeline) in the self server environment by the accessed block chain, and connecting the node and the BDL in the step (2) by using the acquired identity in the step (1);
(4a) the pipeline acquires the block chain data acquired in the step (2) and verifies the validity of the data;
(4b) the pipeline formats the data obtained in the step (4 a), and then encryption processing is carried out;
(4c) the pipe sends (4 b) the encrypted data to the BDL;
(5) the BDL writes the received block chain data into a data table;
(5a) after receiving the data sent by the step (4 c), the BDL verifies the registered address in the step (3) to ensure the source validity of the data, and the data is not directly discarded after verification;
(5b) the BDL verifies the authorization acquired in the step (1), and the verification fails to directly discard the data;
(5c) after the BDL passes the two-step verification of (5 a) and (5 b), the data sent by (4 c) is decrypted and reformatted again, and then the data is written into a disk;
(6) the BDL extracts key information of the received data and stores the key information in a BDL chain;
(7) the BDL client analyzes data by using a data mining tool, and the client can verify the authenticity of the data by using key information on a BDL chain;
(8) the BDL provides a standard data query interface for the outside, so that a service system is conveniently butted with the BDL;
(9) and the service system calls the interface of the BDL to obtain data to perform subsequent service processing.
Further, the functions of evidence storage and verification provided by the BDL chain in the steps (6) and (7) are described as follows: the BDL receives block data uploaded by a certain block chain, processes each transaction in the block, and performs combined Hash operation on the Hash of the block where the transaction is located, the transaction data Tx and the Hash Prehash of a block before the block where the transaction is located to obtain a newHash, wherein the newHash can be expressed as newHash = Hash (Hash + Tx + PreHash), and the newHash is stored on the BDL chain as a key information value of the transaction. When data authenticity verification requirements exist in the data analysis process and the data query process, the block Hash, the previous block Hash and the verified transaction data of the verified transaction calculate the Hash value again according to a newHash = Hash (Hash + Tx + Prehash) formula, and if the Hash exists on the BDL chain, the verified transaction is not tampered.
The data lake (BDL) system architecture based on the block chain mainly solves the problems of low utilization efficiency of the block chain data and data fusion and collaboration among a plurality of heterogeneous/isomorphic block chains, and greatly enriches the application scene of the block chain as a new technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block chain-based data lake system architecture design diagram according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a processing flow of a data lake system based on a blockchain according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
In the following description, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application, but it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention is not limited to these technical details and that various changes and modifications can be made based on the following embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A typical application scenario of the present invention is the capital administration of commercial banks at the central bank. Each commercial bank may have its own blockchain system, and the central row requires to take the blockchain of each row into supervision, which requires to link each row of blockchains into BDL to implement data fusion and data collaboration, and needs to be implemented according to the corresponding steps of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2:
each commercial bank block chain firstly registers in a BDL of a central bank to acquire access authorization; after obtaining authorization, BDL abstract block chain nodes are realized and are deployed into the block chain of each commercial bank; after the server deployment is completed, the IP address of the server needs to be registered in the BDL of the central row, so that illegal access after stealing authorization is avoided, and the BDL needs to verify whether access authorization is obtained before registration.
After the IP registration of the server is completed, the access work of each row of block chains is completed, the abstract node can regularly acquire added block data of each row of block chains and send the added block data to BDL data pipelines deployed by each row, the pipelines format and encrypt the original data and send the original data to BDLs of central rows, after receiving the data, the BDLs of the central rows need to carry out validity check on data sources, verify whether the BDLs acquire access authorization and whether the IP is legal, ensure the authenticity of the data, and confirm that the data is wrote into a disk and is called when a client analyzes the data. During the process of writing to the disk, the BDL calculates the key information of the transaction according to newHash = Hash (Hash + Tx + prefhash), and stores the newHash on the BDL chain.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, and it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A data lake system architecture based on block chains is characterized by comprising the following parts:
(1) achievable abstract blockchain nodes: various block chain systems collect and exchange Data with a block chain Data lake bdl (blockchain Data lake) by implementing the abstract node, and the node comprises the following modules:
(1a) the block chain adds the data acquisition module: acquiring data of the newly added block at regular time;
(1b) a block chain new data sending module: sending data to a block chain data pipeline at regular time;
(2) block chain data pipe: connection between block chain and BDL, the data pipe contains the following modules:
(2a) the block link point and BDL link connecting module: establishing a block chain and BDL communication channel;
(2b) a block chain data receiving module: receiving data sent by an abstract block chain node;
(2c) the block chain data conversion processing module: carrying out formatting processing and encryption processing on data sent by the abstract block chain node;
(2d) the block chain data safety transmission module: transmitting the formatted and encrypted data to the BDL;
(3) the blockchain data lake BDL comprises the following modules or components:
(3a) block chain database: the storage and the quick retrieval of massive block chain data are supported;
(3b) a data analysis component: supporting a plurality of data analysis tools;
(3c) data security and access component: the system is responsible for block chain access authorization and data lake access control;
(3d) BDL chain: for linking up the critical data of the BDL and providing the self data checking function of the BDL.
2. The blockchain-based data lake system architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system-accessible blockchains are either homogeneous blockchains or heterogeneous blockchains.
3. The architecture of claim 1, wherein each blockchain registers a legal identity that can access the BDL, and unauthorized blockchains cannot access the BDL; the abstract blockchain node addresses of each chain need to be registered in the BDL declaration in advance, and nodes that have not been registered cannot access the BDL even if authorized.
4. The architecture of claim 1, wherein the system processing method comprises:
(1) the accessed block chain is registered in the BDL first to obtain authorization and obtain a unique identity;
(2) the accessed block chain realizes abstract block chain nodes, is deployed in the chain of the accessed block chain and is responsible for regularly acquiring newly added block chain data;
(3) after obtaining the authorization of (1), the node address deployed in the BDL is required to be registered in (2);
(4) deploying a block chain data pipeline (hereinafter referred to as a pipeline) in the self server environment by the accessed block chain, and connecting the node and the BDL in the step (2) by using the acquired identity in the step (1);
(4a) the pipeline acquires the block chain data acquired in the step (2) and verifies the validity of the data;
(4b) the pipeline formats the data obtained in the step (4 a), and then encryption processing is carried out;
(4c) the pipe sends (4 b) the encrypted data to the BDL;
(5) the BDL writes the received block chain data into a data table;
(5a) after receiving the data sent by the step (4 c), the BDL verifies the registered address in the step (3) to ensure the source validity of the data, and the data is not directly discarded after verification;
(5b) the BDL verifies the authorization acquired in the step (1), and the verification fails to directly discard the data;
(5c) after the BDL passes the two-step verification of (5 a) and (5 b), the data sent by (4 c) is decrypted and reformatted again, and then the data is written into a disk;
(6) the BDL extracts key information of the received data and stores the key information in a BDL chain;
(7) the BDL client analyzes data by using a data mining tool;
(8) the BDL provides a standard data query interface for the outside, so that a service system is conveniently butted with the BDL;
(9) and the service system calls the interface of the BDL to obtain data to perform subsequent service processing.
5. The blockchain-based data lake system architecture according to claim 4, wherein: the BDL receives block data uploaded by a certain block chain, processes each transaction in the block, and performs combined Hash operation on the Hash of the block where the transaction is located, the transaction data Tx and the Hash Prehash of a block before the block where the transaction is located to obtain a newHash which can be expressed as newHash = Hash (Hash + Tx + Prehash), and the newHash is stored on the BDL chain as a key information value of the transaction; when data authenticity verification requirements exist in the data analysis process and the data query process, the block Hash, the previous block Hash and the verified transaction data of the verified transaction calculate the Hash value again according to a newHash = Hash (Hash + Tx + Prehash) formula, and if the Hash exists on the BDL chain, the verified transaction is not tampered.
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