CN112128280A - Self-powered sensor for monitoring thickness of automobile brake pad - Google Patents
Self-powered sensor for monitoring thickness of automobile brake pad Download PDFInfo
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- CN112128280A CN112128280A CN202010823890.1A CN202010823890A CN112128280A CN 112128280 A CN112128280 A CN 112128280A CN 202010823890 A CN202010823890 A CN 202010823890A CN 112128280 A CN112128280 A CN 112128280A
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- Prior art keywords
- brake pad
- brake
- thickness
- self
- brake disc
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
- F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
- F16D66/026—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating different degrees of lining wear
- F16D66/027—Sensors therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
- F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
- F16D66/022—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating that a lining is worn to minimum allowable thickness
- F16D66/023—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating that a lining is worn to minimum allowable thickness directly sensing the position of braking members
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of electrostatic friction and energy conversion, in particular to a self-powered sensor device for monitoring the thickness of an automobile brake pad. The invention adopts the brake pad with a plurality of grooves on the surface, converts a friction signal between the brake pad and the brake disc into an electric signal when an automobile brakes, further detects the thickness of the brake pad in real time, and supplies energy to the sensor. The invention can detect the thickness of the brake pad in real time, does not need an external power supply for power supply, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, simple manufacture and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrostatic friction and energy conversion, in particular to a self-powered sensor device for monitoring the thickness of an automobile brake pad.
Background
As the automobile holding capacity increases year by year, the problems of inefficiency and safety of the current transportation system become increasingly prominent, and the economic loss and casualties brought by the problems become non-negligible. The brake block is an important component of an automobile braking system, and the performance of the brake block is a key index for measuring the automobile braking effect. The automobile brake pad is generally composed of a steel plate, an adhesive heat insulation layer and a friction block. The working principle of the brake is mainly to utilize the friction force generated by the brake pad and the brake disc and the tyre and the ground to achieve the aim of decelerating or stopping the automobile. The thickness is an important parameter of the brake pad and is related to the effectiveness of the brake, so that a new real-time continuous detection system for the thickness of the brake pad is needed to be designed, the thickness of the brake pad is quickly and accurately measured, and the driving safety is guaranteed.
The chinese patent application No. 201520569982.6 discloses a device composed of a support, a wire and a resistor, wherein two or more resistors are connected in parallel through the wire to form a circuit fixed on a brake pad and rubbed together with the brake pad, when the brake pad is rubbed to a certain thickness, the corresponding part of the wire in the device is also broken due to the friction, thereby causing the resistance value of the circuit to change, and reflecting the information in the thickness range of the brake pad according to different electric signals. However, the device has the disadvantages that more resistors are required to be added for measuring the thickness of the brake pad, the structure is more complicated, and real-time measurement cannot be realized; the Chinese patent application with the application number of 201611093594.0 discloses a brake pad thickness detection method, wherein, a capacitor is formed by plating metal pole plates on two side walls of a groove on the surface of a brake pad, the effective facing area of the capacitor can be continuously reduced in the friction process, so that the thickness of the brake pad can be judged according to the capacitance between the two pole plates, but deposited chips are easily generated at the groove of the device, thus the capacitance value is not only influenced by the facing area, but also other uncontrollable factors can cause the inaccuracy of the detection result; in addition, some of the sensors use an eddy current sensor to measure the thickness of the brake pad, but the eddy current sensor is limited by materials and has poor sensitivity to non-metallic materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical defects, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a self-powered sensor device for monitoring the thickness of an automobile brake pad. The invention adopts the brake pad with a plurality of grooves on the surface, converts a friction signal between the brake pad and the brake disc into an electric signal when an automobile brakes, further detects the thickness of the brake pad in real time, and supplies energy to the sensor. The invention can detect the thickness of the brake pad in real time, does not need an external power supply for power supply, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, simple manufacture and low cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a self-powered sensor is used for monitoring the thickness of a brake pad; the self-powered sensor includes a pair of brake block, including the recess that three width equals on the brake block, one is located the brake block central line, and two other along brake block central line symmetric distributions, the metal electrode has been plated to the recess bottom, the metal electrode bottom is connected with the wire, the wire includes first wire, second wire and third wire, is connected three recess and signal of telecommunication measuring device respectively, be provided with the brake disc between the brake block.
Furthermore, the brake disc is used as a first dielectric layer and a first electrode layer at the same time, and a metal material with weak electron binding capacity and certain tensile strength and bending strength is selected, such as gray cast iron or alloy cast iron added with chromium and nickel; the brake pad is used as a second dielectric layer, and a non-metallic insulating material which has strong electron binding capacity, stable friction coefficient, good wear resistance, good mechanical strength and physical properties, such as a silicon carbide ceramic composite material, is selected; the metal electrode at the bottom of the groove is used as a second electrode layer, and a metal material with weak electron-binding capacity, such as Cu, Al or an alloy thereof, is selected. The surface of the outer side of the brake pad is provided with a shielding layer, so that electromagnetic signal interference is avoided.
Further, when the automobile brakes, the brake pad is in contact with the brake disc and generates friction, the difference of the electronegativity of the brake pad and the brake disc respectively has equal amount of different charges under the action of the electric effect of friction, after braking is finished, the brake pad is separated from the brake disc, the charges on the surfaces of the brake pad and the brake disc cannot be completely neutralized due to an air layer sandwiched between the brake pad and the brake disc, the brake pad is electronegative, and due to electrostatic induction, a potential difference is generated between a metal electrode at the bottom of a groove of the brake pad and a reference ground, and the charges are transferred between the brake pad and the brake disc in order to balance the potential difference.
Further, when the brake pad is worn, the separation distance between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased after braking is finished, so that the quantity of neutralized charges between the brake pad and the surface of the brake disc is reduced, and under the action of the electrostatic induction principle, the potential difference between the metal electrode at the bottom of the brake pad groove and the reference ground is increased.
Further, the self-powered sensor also comprises an electric signal measuring device, the electric signal measuring device is respectively connected with the metal electrode at the bottom of the brake pad groove and the reference ground, and the electric signal measuring device obtains a potential difference signal between the electrode layer and the reference ground.
Further, the potential difference generated when the abrasion of the brake pad reaches a critical value is set as a threshold value, and when the detected potential difference is larger than the threshold value, the damage of the brake pad is indicated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can realize real-time detection of the thickness of the brake pad through electric signals based on the coupling principle of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction according to the conversion characteristic of mechanical energy and electric energy, does not need external power supply, is beneficial to judging the abrasion condition of the automobile brake pad by a driver, gives an alarm when the brake pad is seriously damaged, has simple structure and can be popularized in a large range.
Drawings
In order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a brake system of an automobile.
FIG. 2(a) is a schematic structural view of a brake pad without metallization; fig. 2(b) is a schematic structural diagram of the brake pad after metallization.
FIG. 3 is a graph of charge transfer when the brake pad is not worn.
FIG. 4 is a graph of charge transfer when brake pad wear is severe.
The following are the explanation and explanation of the symbols in the figure 1, brake pad 2, brake caliper 3, brake fluid 4, brake pipe 5, piston 6, brake disc 7, groove 8, metal electrode 9, lead wire 10, electric signal measuring device 11, brake pad use limit
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical means and advantages of the present invention more apparent, a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a self-powered sensor for monitoring the thickness of an automobile brake pad, which includes a brake disc 6, wherein the brake disc 6 is used as a first dielectric layer and a first electrode layer at the same time, and a metal material with weak electron binding capacity and certain tensile strength and bending strength is selected, such as gray cast iron or alloy cast iron added with chromium and nickel. Brake disc 6 both sides are brake block 1, brake block 1 is as the second dielectric layer, choose for use that constraint electronic ability is stronger and coefficient of friction is stable, the wearability is good, non-metallic insulating material that possesses good mechanical strength and physical properties, for example silicon carbide ceramic composite, brake block 1 internal surface is provided with recess 7, recess 7 bottom is provided with metal electrode 8, metal electrode 8 is as the second electrode layer, choose for use that constraint electronic ability is weaker metal material, for example Cu, Al or its alloy, electric signal measuring device 10 passes through wire 9 and is connected with metal electrode 8 and reference ground respectively, brake block 1 outside surface is provided with shielding layer (not shown in the figure), in order to avoid receiving electromagnetic signal interference. When a driver steps on the brake pedal, the force of the pedal is amplified and transmitted through the vacuum booster, the amplified force pushes the master cylinder, the master cylinder pushes the piston 5 through the brake pipe 4 by taking the brake fluid 3 as a transmission medium, and under the pushing of the brake fluid 3, the brake pads 1 on the two sides move radially to contact with the brake disc 6 and generate friction.
Referring to fig. 3, when the brake pad 1 and the brake disc 6 are in contact and friction, due to the difference of electronegativity of the materials of the brake pad 1 and the brake disc 6, under the action of the electric effect of friction, the brake pad 1 and the brake disc 6 are respectively charged with the same amount of different charges, after braking is finished, the brake pad 1 and the brake disc 6 are separated, due to the air layer between the brake pad and the brake disc, the charges on the surfaces of the brake pad and the brake disc cannot be completely neutralized, the brake pad is in electronegativity, due to electrostatic induction, a potential difference is generated between a metal electrode at the bottom of a groove of the brake pad and a reference ground, and in order to. The potential difference signal between the electrode layer and the reference ground can be obtained by an electric signal measuring device arranged between the metal electrode 8 at the bottom of the groove 7 on the inner side surface of the brake pad 1 and the reference ground.
Referring to fig. 4, when the brake pad 1 is worn, the distance between the brake pad 1 and the brake disc 6 in the separated state is increased, the distance between the brake pad 1 and the brake disc 6 is increased due to the air layer, the amount of neutralized charges is reduced, the brake pad 1 is more negative, the potential difference between the metal electrode 8 at the bottom of the groove 7 inside the brake pad 1 and the reference ground is increased due to electrostatic induction, therefore, the threshold value is set according to the voltage signal peak value generated by the separation after the brake pad 1 reaches the wear critical value, and when the voltage signal peak value generated by the contact separation of the brake pad 1 and the brake disc 6 is higher than the threshold value, the wear of the brake pad 1 exceeds the critical value, namely, the brake pad 1 is damaged.
In summary, by comparing the relationship between the peak value of the voltage signal generated when the brake pad 1 and the brake disc 6 are separated from each other and the set threshold value, the wear condition of the brake pad 1 can be identified. The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, high sensitivity and no need of external power supply, and is suitable for the brake systems of various vehicles.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing embodiments, and the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the principles of the present invention, and the changes and modifications fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a self-power sensor for monitoring car brake block thickness, self-power sensor includes a pair of brake block, its characterized in that, it has the recess to open on the brake block, the metal electrode has been plated to the recess bottom, the metal electrode bottom is connected with electric signal measuring device through the wire, and electric signal measuring device still links to each other with the reference ground to obtain the potential difference signal between metal electrode and the reference ground, be provided with the brake disc between the brake block.
2. The self-powered sensor for monitoring the thickness of an automobile brake pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the grooves is three, the widths are equal, one is located on the center line of the brake pad, and the other two are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the brake pad.
3. The self-powered sensor for monitoring the thickness of the automobile brake pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brake disc is used as the first dielectric layer and the first electrode layer at the same time, and is made of a metal material with weak electron-binding capacity and certain tensile and bending strength; the brake pad is used as a second dielectric layer, and a non-metallic insulating material which has strong electron binding capacity, stable friction coefficient, good wear resistance, good mechanical strength and physical properties is selected; the metal electrode at the bottom of the groove is used as a second electrode layer, and a metal material with weak electron binding capacity is selected; the surface of the outer side of the brake pad is provided with a shielding layer, so that electromagnetic signal interference is avoided.
4. The self-powered sensor for monitoring the thickness of the automobile brake pad as claimed in claim 3, wherein the brake disc is made of gray cast iron or alloy cast iron added with chromium and nickel; the brake pad is made of silicon carbide ceramic composite material; the metal electrode is Cu, Al or alloy thereof.
5. The self-powered sensor for monitoring the thickness of the automobile brake pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the automobile brakes, the brake pad contacts with the brake disc and generates friction, the difference between the electronegativity of the brake pad and the brake disc respectively carries equal amount of different charges under the action of the electric effect of friction, when the braking is finished, the brake pad is separated from the brake disc, the charges on the surfaces of the brake pad and the brake disc cannot be completely neutralized due to the air layer between the brake pad and the brake disc, the brake pad is negative, due to electrostatic induction, an electric potential difference is generated between the metal electrode at the bottom of the groove of the brake pad and the reference ground, and in order to balance the electric potential difference, the charges are transferred between the brake pad and the brake disc.
6. The self-powered sensor for monitoring the thickness of the automobile brake pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the brake pad is worn, the separation distance between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased after braking, so that the amount of electric charges neutralized between the brake pad and the surface of the brake disc is reduced, and the potential difference between the metal electrode at the bottom of the brake pad groove and the reference ground is increased under the principle of electrostatic induction.
7. A self-powered sensor for monitoring the thickness of an automotive brake lining as claimed in claim 1 wherein the potential difference generated when the brake lining wear reaches a threshold value is set to a threshold value and when the detected potential difference is greater than the threshold value it is indicative of brake lining damage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010823890.1A CN112128280B (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Self-powered sensor for monitoring thickness of automobile brake pad |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010823890.1A CN112128280B (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Self-powered sensor for monitoring thickness of automobile brake pad |
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| CN112128280A true CN112128280A (en) | 2020-12-25 |
| CN112128280B CN112128280B (en) | 2022-06-21 |
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| CN202010823890.1A Active CN112128280B (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Self-powered sensor for monitoring thickness of automobile brake pad |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113074840A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 西交利物浦大学 | Active pressure sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN114135611A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Self-driven intelligent monitoring integrated friction liner for mining friction type hoister |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113074840A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 西交利物浦大学 | Active pressure sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN114135611A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Self-driven intelligent monitoring integrated friction liner for mining friction type hoister |
| CN114135611B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2024-03-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining friction type elevator self-driven intelligent monitoring integrated friction lining |
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