CN112128133B

CN112128133B - Opening margin measurement test method for adjustable stationary blade of high-pressure gas compressor

Info

Publication number: CN112128133B
Application number: CN202011333397.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金宗亮; 孙震宇; 高国荣; 曹传军; 陈志龙; 李游
Original assignee: AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Current assignee: AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-25
Filing date: 2020-11-25
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-25
Also published as: CN112128133A

Abstract

One aspect of the disclosure relates to a method for measuring and testing opening margin of an adjustable stationary blade of a gas compressor, which can be used for measuring Open-Beta margin in a performance test of a high-pressure gas compressor component. The method comprises the steps of adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor and enabling the angle of each adjustable stationary blade in the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades of the compressor to be automatically controlled along with the rotating speed; adjusting the pressure ratio of the compressor to a common working line pressure ratio and adjusting interstage bleed air of the compressor to a designed bleed air amount; fixing one of the rotation speed of the compressor or the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades, and adjusting the other until the compressor surges; and calculating the opening margin of the adjustable stationary blade of the compressor based on the actual angle of the adjustable stationary blade when the compressor surges and the design angle at the surge-intake rotating speed.

Description

Opening margin measurement test method for adjustable stationary blade of high-pressure gas compressor

Technical Field

The present application relates generally to high pressure compressors and more particularly to adjustable vane (VSV) Open-Beta margin measurement.

Background

The compressor, for example an axial flow type high pressure compressor in a gas turbine engine, surge is an aerodynamic instability phenomenon of the compressor, and when the compressor generates surge, the airflow generates low-frequency and high-amplitude oscillation along the axial direction of the compressor. For the whole engine, the surge of the air compressor directly causes the thrust loss of the engine on one hand, and causes the vibration of the engine and the great increase of the dynamic stress of the blades on the other hand, which causes serious damage to the engine. In order to improve the surge margin of the compressor, the compressor generally adopts a plurality of stages of adjustable stationary blades, and the surge margin of the compressor is improved by changing the angles of the adjustable stationary blades at different rotating speeds. The relation between the angle of the adjustable stationary blade and the rotating speed is called as an adjustable stationary blade adjusting rule, is preliminarily determined in the design stage of the gas compressor, is optimized through the performance of the gas compressor, and comprehensively considers the efficiency and the surge margin of the gas compressor to obtain the optimal adjusting rule.

However, when the engine is in operation, if the angle of the adjustable stationary blade of the compressor deviates from the regulation rule, the surge margin of the compressor is changed, and when the angle deviates to a certain degree, the compressor surging is caused. For example, in the flying process of an airplane, if the temperature of an inlet of an engine is suddenly reduced (for example, the engine absorbs rain), under the condition that the physical rotating speed is not changed, the relative conversion rotating speed is instantly increased, and a control system of the engine controls the angle of the adjustable stationary blade based on the relative conversion rotating speed, so that the control system controls the actuating device to open the adjustable stationary blade, and the angle of the adjustable stationary blade deviates from the adjustment rule. In addition, factors such as deviations in the mechanical structure and errors in the control system may also cause the adjustable vane angle to deviate from the regulation law. Therefore, in the aeroengine airworthiness regulation, the opening margin of the adjustable stationary blade angle of the high-pressure air compressor relative to the adjusting rule (hereinafter referred to as Open-Beta margin) is used as one of airworthiness assessment indexes, and experimental verification is required to be carried out at the airworthiness evidence obtaining stage of the engine. However, the harmfulness of surging of the engine in the whole machine test process is very large, and in addition, once the test result does not reach the expected index, the surging evidence obtaining period of the engine is seriously influenced.

Therefore, the Open-Beta margin measurement test is developed for pre-verification in the development stage of the high-pressure compressor part, and the method has important significance for reducing test risks and supporting the whole-machine airworthiness test.

However, the prior art lacks a test method for measuring Open-Beta margin in the performance test of the high-pressure compressor component.

Disclosure of Invention

One aspect of the disclosure relates to a method for testing the opening margin of an adjustable stationary blade of a gas compressor, wherein the gas compressor comprises two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades, the method comprises the steps of adjusting the rotating speed of the gas compressor and automatically controlling the angle of each stage of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades of the gas compressor along with the rotating speed; adjusting the pressure ratio of the compressor to a common working line pressure ratio and adjusting interstage bleed air of the compressor to a designed bleed air amount; fixing one of the rotation speed of the compressor or the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades, and adjusting the other until the compressor surges; and calculating the opening margin of the adjustable stationary blade of the compressor based on the actual angle of the adjustable stationary blade when the compressor surges and the design angle at the surge-intake rotating speed.

According to some exemplary embodiments, adjusting the rotational speed of the compressor comprises adjusting the rotational speed of the compressor to a drop start rotational speed; and fixing one of a rotational speed of the compressor or an angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes, and adjusting the other includes fixing the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes and incrementally adjusting the rotational speed of the compressor.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, incrementally adjusting the speed of the compressor includes a fixed percentage down-rotation of the speed of the compressor at a time.

According to some exemplary embodiments, the method further comprises determining whether a surge rotation speed of the compressor is less than a test target rotation speed when the compressor is surged; if the surge rotating speed of the compressor is less than or equal to the target rotating speed, determining that the opening margins of the adjustable stationary blades of the compressor meet the requirements when the rotating speed of the compressor is between the surge rotating speed and the target rotating speed; otherwise, if the surge rotating speed of the compressor is greater than the target rotating speed, determining that the opening margin of the adjustable stationary blade of the compressor does not meet the requirement when the rotating speed of the compressor is between the surge rotating speed and the target rotating speed.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, calculating the opening margin of the adjustable stationary blade of the compressor based on the actual angle of the adjustable stationary blade at the surge advancing time of the compressor and the design angle at the surge advancing rotating speed comprises determining the design angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades at the surge advancing rotating speed according to an adjustable stationary blade adjusting rule; determining the design angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stator blades at the initial rotating speed of the reduction rotation; and taking the difference value of the design angle at the surge rotating speed and the design angle at the rotation starting rotating speed as the opening margin of the adjustable stator blade at the surge rotating speed.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the drop starting rotational speed is back-calculated based on a target rotational speed of the compressor, an adjustable vane opening margin requirement, and the adjustable vane adjustment law.

According to some exemplary embodiments, adjusting the rotational speed of the compressor comprises adjusting the rotational speed of the compressor to a test target rotational speed; and fixing one of a rotation speed of the compressor or an angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary vanes, and adjusting the other includes fixing the rotation speed of the compressor at the test target rotation speed and adjusting the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary vanes.

According to further exemplary embodiments, the two or more stages of adjustable vanes include at least an inlet adjustable vane and a first stage adjustable vane, and adjusting the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes includes adjusting the angle of the inlet adjustable vane and the other stages of adjustable vanes in unison with the first stage adjustable vane as the primary adjusting stage.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, adjusting the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes further comprises changing the angle at which the first stage of adjustable vanes is opened step by step each time and adjusting the angle of the inlet adjustable vane and the other stages of adjustable vanes in unison accordingly.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the method further comprises obtaining respective angular relationships of the inlet adjustable vane and the other stages of adjustable vanes with the first stage of adjustable vanes according to an adjustable vane adjustment law; the method comprises the steps that the first-stage adjustable stator blade is used as a main adjusting stage to perform joint adjustment on the angles of the inlet adjustable stator blade and other stages of adjustable stator blades, and the angle required by the inlet adjustable stator blade and other stages of adjustable stator blades is determined according to the angle relation based on the current angle of the first-stage adjustable stator blade; and adjusting the inlet adjustable guide vanes and other adjustable stationary vanes at each stage based on the angle of the inlet adjustable guide vanes and other adjustable stationary vanes at each stage which are required to be adjusted in a joint manner.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, calculating the adjustable vane opening margin of the compressor based on the actual angle of the adjustable vane at the compressor surge and the design angle at the surge rotating speed includes determining a difference between the design angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes at the test target rotating speed and the actual angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes at the compressor surge as the adjustable vane opening margin at the test target rotating speed.

According to some exemplary embodiments, the method further comprises recording steady state data of the compressor including at least the speed of the compressor and the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes while fixing one of the speed of the compressor or the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes and adjusting the other.

According to some exemplary embodiments, the method further comprises performing a surge relieving operation immediately when the compressor surges, the surge relieving operation comprising any one or a combination of the following: (i) increasing the opening of the exhaust valve; (ii) restoring the two or more stages of adjustable vanes to a design angle; and (iii) fully opening the bleed valves.

According to some exemplary embodiments, automatically controlling an angle of each of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes of the compressor as a function of the rotational speed includes measuring a physical rotational speed, an inlet temperature of the compressor in real time; determining the relative conversion rate of the compressor based on the physical rotation speed, the inlet temperature, the reference temperature and the design rotation speed; and determining respective set angles of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades based on an adjustable stationary blade adjusting rule and the relative conversion rate.

According to some exemplary embodiments, the angle of each of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes is adjusted by a single stage closed loop control, wherein the single stage closed loop control comprises determining a control target for the stage of adjustable vanes based on a set value for the stage of adjustable vane angle, an initial angle for the stage of adjustable vanes, and a control rate; determining a control output value by employing a proportional-integral-derivative PID algorithm based on the control target; performing control of the angle of the stage of adjustable vanes based on the control output value; measuring the current angle of the adjustable stator blade of the stage through an angular displacement sensor; correcting the control target based on the difference value between the current angle of the adjustable stationary blade of the stage and the control target; and continuing to perform control of the angle of the stage of adjustable vanes until the difference is less than or equal to an adjustable vane angle deviation threshold.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the angular displacement sensors of each stage of the adjustable vane comprise at least four angular displacement sensors, and the method further comprises, when a deviation of a measured average of one of the at least four angular displacement sensors from the remaining angular displacement sensors exceeds a deviation threshold: locking the adjustable stator blade of the stage at the current angle; disabling an angular displacement sensor that has a deviation exceeding the deviation threshold; and unlocking the stage of adjustable vanes.

The present disclosure also includes other related aspects.

Drawings

FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional control principle for an adjustable vane in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 illustrates a diagrammatic view of a mechanical connection between a ram and an adjustable vane in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of a fixed adjustable vane angle drop test method in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart of a fixed speed open adjustable vane test method in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 illustrates a diagram of adjustable vane single stage closed loop control logic according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of the adjustable vane versus relative scaled speed automatic control logic.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating joint tone control logic having a first stage of adjustable vanes S1 as the primary tone stage.

Fig. 8 shows a diagram of angular displacement sensor failure determination logic and protection system.

Detailed Description

FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of conventional control principles of an adjustable vane assembly system 100 in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the adjustable vane assembly system 100 includes an adjustable vane 5 and a hydraulic ram 3, and the adjustable vane 5 is driven to be angularly displaced by the hydraulic ram 3. The hydraulic ram 3 may have a piston which divides the interior of the ram into a first chamber B and a second chamber a.

Fig. 2 illustrates a pictorial view of a mechanical connection 200 between a ram and an adjustable vane in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the piston rod 7 is connected to the link ring 4 through the pull rod 8, and the link ring 4 is connected to the vane shanks of the rotatable vanes 5 through the rocker arms, so that the linear motion of the piston is finally converted into the angular motion of the vanes 5.

Referring to fig. 1, a control system of a compressor adjustable vane assembly system 100 precisely controls oil supply pressure/flow rate of a hydraulic ram 3 through a controller (PLC) 2 and a servo valve 1 to drive adjustable vanes 5, and each stage of adjustable vanes is generally provided with one or more (e.g., 1 to 4) angular displacement sensors 6, and an average value is taken as a feedback value of the stage vane angle and sent to the controller 2 to form closed-loop feedback control. The servo valve 1 may be, for example, a linear position feedback proportional valve with a Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT).

Aiming at Open-Beta margin measurement of different rotating speeds, the method can comprise the test methods of angle rotation reduction of the fixed adjustable stationary blade, opening of the adjustable stationary blade at the fixed rotating speed and the like.

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of a fixed adjustable vane angle drop test method 300 in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure. The method 300 may include, at block 302, adjusting a compressor speed to a derated starting speed, wherein an angle of the adjustable vane is automatically controlled with a relative scaled speed (described below).

Because the rotating speed of surging in the process of rotating down is not determined before the test, the rotating down starting rotating speed needs to be calculated reversely according to the target rotating speed for verifying the Open-Beta margin, the Open-Beta margin requirement and the regulation rule.

For example, assuming that the target speed of rotation for verifying the Open-Beta margin is N1, the Open-Beta margin requirement is that the first stage tunable vanes S1 be cascaded as the primary tuning opening X. Based on the method, the angle after the N1 rotating speed adjustable stationary blade is adjusted and opened in a combined mode can be calculated and obtained based on the difference between the design angle and X degrees, and then the corresponding rotating speed N0 is obtained according to the angle checking and adjusting rule, so that N0 is used as the starting rotating speed of the rotation reduction.

At block 304, the method 300 may include adjusting a compressor pressure ratio to a common operating line pressure ratio and adjusting compressor interstage bleed air to a design bleed air amount. According to a preferred embodiment, the bleed air quantity control can be used in an automatic control mode in order to reduce operational iterations, since the compressor pressure ratio adjustment and the bleed air quantity adjustment interact. That is, the bleed air amount can automatically follow the adjustment during the adjustment of the pressure ratio.

At block 306, the method 300 may include fixing the adjustable vane angle. In the adjustable vane control mode of the present application, for example, a fixed adjustable vane angle may be achieved by switching from an automatic control mode with relative converted rotational speed of the adjustable vane to a manual control mode.

At block 308, the method 300 may include adjusting compressor speed and recording steady state data. For example, according to an exemplary embodiment, the compressor speed may be changed in steps each time, for example, by 0.5% per scaled speed each time, or by some other fixed or variable variation/percentage each time. For example, according to at least some example embodiments, the amount of each reduction in compressor speed may be gradually reduced, such as by an equal difference or ratio or other relationship or sequence. The present disclosure is not limited in this respect.

At block 310, the method 300 may include determining whether the compressor is breathing. If not, the method 300 returns to block 308 and repeats the steps one or more times until the compressor surges. The data acquisition system continuously acquires data (for example, the acquisition frequency can be 10 Hz) during the descending process so as to more accurately acquire the relative conversion rotating speed during the surge. On the other hand, if so, the method 300 may proceed to block 312.

At block 312, the method 300 may include performing a debounce operation immediately after the compressor has performed a surge. The debounce operation may include, for example, increasing the opening of the exhaust valve, restoring the adjustable vane angle to a design angle, fully opening the bleed valve, or the like, or a combination thereof.

In the adjustable stator blade control mode of the present application, for example, switching from the manual control mode to the automatic adjustable stator blade control mode with the relative converted rotation speed allows the adjustable stator blade angle to be quickly matched with the rotation speed.

According to other embodiments, as for the opening degree of the exhaust valve, in order to avoid the risk of the compressor vibrating at the blockage point, full opening is not recommended, and the opening degree of the exhaust valve during relieving is usually set according to a rule obtained in a debugging stage of a tester. On the other hand, the interstage bleed valve can be fully opened, and the aim is to increase the flow of the front stage of the compressor and improve the attack angle state.

In order to simplify the test operation and ensure that the angle of each stage of adjustable stationary blade is quickly restored to the design angle when the compressor is relieved, the adjustable stationary blade can be automatically controlled along with the relative conversion rotating speed. For example, the relation between the angle and the relative conversion rotating speed of each stage of adjustable stationary blade of S0 and S1 … Sn can be respectively configured in a compressor tester control system according to the adjustable stationary blade adjusting rule; under the mode that the adjustable stationary blades are automatically controlled along with the relative conversion rotating speed, when the rotating speed of the gas compressor is adjusted, the control system calculates the set value of each stage of adjustable stationary blades according to the configuration relation and the current interpolation of the relative conversion rotating speed; the control system can form closed-loop control according to the angle set values of all levels and the feedback value measured by the angular displacement sensor.

At block 314, the method 300 may include determining an Open-Beta margin for the asthma rpm. For example, according to the exemplary embodiment, the design angles of each stage of adjustable stationary blades of the surge rotating speed can be obtained according to the adjustable stationary blade adjusting rule of the compressor, and the difference between the design angle of each stage of adjustable stationary blade of the surge rotating speed and the design angle of each stage of adjustable stationary blade of the initial rotating speed can be calculated, so that the Open-Beta margin of the surge rotating speed can be obtained.

Suppose that during the rundown process the compressor surges at N2 rpm. If N2< = N1, on one hand, an Open-Beta margin of N2 rotation speed is obtained, and on the other hand, the Open-Beta margin is verified to meet the requirement in the rotation speed range from N2 to N1. Otherwise, if N2> N1, the Open-Beta margin in the rotating speed range from N1 to N2 does not meet the requirement.

The fixed adjustable stationary blade angle drop test method 300 of FIG. 3 is generally more suitable for Open-Beta margin measurement of low and medium rotational speeds in compressors. The method can not only obtain the Open-Beta margin of the asthma-entering rotating speed during the rotation reduction, but also verify whether the Open-Beta margin of part of the asthma-entering rotating speed which does not meet the requirement.

FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart of a fixed speed open adjustable vane test method 400 in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure. The method 400 may include, at block 402, adjusting a compressor speed to a target speed that measures an Open-Beta margin, wherein the adjustable vane is automatically controlled with a relative scaled speed (described below).

At block 404, the method 400 may include adjusting a compressor pressure ratio to a common operating line pressure ratio and adjusting compressor interstage bleed air to a design bleed air amount.

At block 406, the method 400 may include using the first stage adjustable vane S1 as the primary tone, each cascaded tone opening the adjustable vane, and recording steady state data.

According to an exemplary embodiment, in the adjustable vane control mode of the present application, by switching from the adjustable vane follow-up reduced rotation speed control mode to the collective tuning control mode in which S1 is the main tuning stage, only the S1 angle can be adjusted when the adjustable vane is opened, and the other stages are automatically collected.

For example, according to an exemplary embodiment, the angle at which S1 is opened may change step by step each time, e.g., by 1 every increment, by 1 every decrement, or by other fixed or variable angular change amount every increment/decrement. For example, according to at least some example embodiments, the amount of each increment/decrement of the opening angle of S1 may be gradually decreased, for example, may be gradually decreased in an equal difference or equal ratio or other relationship or sequence, and the like. The present disclosure is not limited in this respect.

In the adjustable stationary blade joint adjustment control mode, when the angle set value of S1 is input or changed, the compressor tester control system may calculate (e.g., interpolate) the set values of the angles of the adjustable stationary blades at other stages according to the configuration relationship; the control system can form closed-loop control according to the angle set values of all levels and the feedback value measured by the angular displacement sensor.

At block 408, the method 400 may include determining whether the compressor is surge. If not, the method 400 returns to block 406 to repeat the step one or more times until the compressor has advanced. The data acquisition system continuously acquires data (e.g., acquisition frequency may be 10 Hz) during this opening of the adjustable vanes to more accurately acquire the angle at which the surge occurred. On the other hand, if so, the method 400 may proceed to 410.

At block 410, the method 400 may include performing a debounce operation immediately after the compressor has advanced a surge. The debounce operation may include, for example, increasing the opening of the exhaust valve, restoring the adjustable vane angle to a design angle, fully opening the bleed valve, or the like, or a combination thereof.

In the variable vane control mode of the present application, for example, by switching from the joint regulation control mode in which S1 is the main regulation stage to the variable vane following relative conversion rotation speed control mode, the variable vane can be quickly returned to the design angle.

Similarly, according to other embodiments, as for the opening degree of the exhaust valve opening, in order to avoid the risk of the compressor fluttering at the blockage point, full opening is not recommended, and the opening degree of the exhaust valve opening during the relieving is usually set according to a rule groped in a debugging stage of a tester. On the other hand, the interstage bleed valve can be fully opened, and the aim is to increase the flow of the front stage of the compressor and improve the attack angle state.

At block 412, the method 400 may include calculating a difference between the speed adjustable vane design angle and a compressor surge adjustable vane angle to obtain an Open-Beta margin for the speed.

The fixed-speed adjustable stator opening test method shown in fig. 4 is more suitable for Open-Beta margin measurement of high speed, and can avoid the problem that the initial speed of rotation reduction exceeds the designed speed (i.e., over-rotation) of the compressor.

The above embodiments and variations of the disclosure relate to a test method for studying adjustable vane Open-Beta margin measurements on high pressure compressor performance test pieces. The test process relates to rotation speed adjustment, pressure ratio adjustment, air entraining amount adjustment, adjustable stationary blade angle control, anti-surge measures, Open-Beta margin calculation and the like.

In order to simulate the control mode of multi-stage adjustable stationary blade joint adjustment on the whole engine, avoid the incongruity of angle adjustment of each stage of adjustable stationary blade and influence the Open-Beta margin measurement result, the multi-stage joint adjustment of the adjustable stationary blade is realized on the mechanical structure of single-stage adjustment of the adjustable stationary blade of the gas compressor test piece through a control system, and the synchronism of angle adjustment of each stage is ensured.

FIG. 5 illustrates a diagram of adjustable vane single stage closed loop control logic 500 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The adjustable vane single stage closed loop control logic 500 may include a VSV control target calculation unit 502, a PID control mechanism 504, an actuator 506, and an angular displacement sensor 508.

Adjustable stator blade angle settingS _PAdjustable initial angle of stator bladeP ₀And the control rate ROC may be input to the VSV control target calculation unit 502. VSV control target calculation unit 502 may be based onS _P、P ₀And the ROC is used for calculating the control target value of the adjustable stator blade at different momentsS(t). For example, the vane initial angle may be adjustedP ₀May refer to a measurement of the adjustable vane angle at the time the adjustable vane angle setting is changed.

According to an exemplary embodiment, ifS _P>P ₀Then, thenS(t) Can be arranged inP ₀Increasing based on the control rate ROC untilS(t)=S _POr the absolute value of the difference is less than the threshold. For example, according to one example,S(t)=P ₀+ ROC t, where t represents time, up toS(t)=S _POr the absolute value of the difference is less than the threshold.

On the other hand, ifS _P<P ₀Then, thenS(t) Can be arranged inP ₀Based on the control rate ROC untilS(t)=S _POr the absolute value of the difference is less than the threshold. For example, according to an example，S(t)=P ₀-ROC x t, wherein t represents time untilS(t)=S _POr the absolute value of the difference is less than the threshold.

According to some exemplary embodiments, to avoid control failure due to angular displacement sensor failure, more than one (e.g., 4) angular displacement sensors may be installed circumferentially per stage of adjustable vanes as a redundant arrangement. In addition, considering the problem of non-uniform circumferential angle of the adjustable stationary blade, more than one angular displacement sensor in each stage can improve the measurement accuracy.

Control target value output by VSV control target calculation unit 502S(t) May be input to an adder 503. Real-time feedback values measured by the angular displacement sensor 508P(t) May also be input to the adder 503. The adder 503 calculates a control target valueS(t) Subtracting the real-time feedback valueP(t) To calculate the angle deviation value of the adjustable stationary bladee(t)。

PID control mechanism 504 may be based on an adjustable vane angular deviation valuee(t) Calculating the control output value by using a PID (proportional-integral-derivative) algorithmu(t). Controlling the output valueu(t) May be output to the actuator 506.

The actuator 506 may include, for example, a hydraulic ram, a link ring, etc., such as described above in connection with fig. 1 and 2, that drives rotation of the vane stem to effect adjustable vane angle adjustment.

According to exemplary embodiments, when adjustable vane angle offset valuese(t) When the threshold value is less than or equal to the threshold value, the control may be stopped.

FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of the adjustable vane versus relative scaled speed automatic control logic 600. The compressor may include two or more stages of adjustable vanes.

Taking 5-stage adjustability of the compressor stator blade as an example, the adjustable stator blade may include S0, S1, S2, S3, and S4, where S0 is an inlet adjustable guide blade, also called an inlet adjustable stator blade or a 0 th-stage adjustable stator blade; and S1-S4 are first through fourth stage adjustable vanes, respectively. However, the present disclosure is not so limited, and there may be more or fewer adjustable vane stages.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the relative scaled rotational speed automatic control logic 600 may include a setpoint calculation unit 602 and an adjustable vane closed-loop control unit 604.

Relative conversion speed N of gas compressor_CRMay be input to the set value calculation unit 602. According to an exemplary embodiment, the compressor relative reduced speed N_CRMay be directly input to the automatic control logic 600 for the relative converted rotational speed, or may be calculated by the automatic control logic 600 for the relative converted rotational speed based on the compressor design rotational speed, the compressor inlet temperature and the reference temperature measured in real time.

The set value calculating unit 602 may calculate the relative conversion speed N according to the regulation rule of the adjustable stator blade_CRTo calculate each stage of adjustable vane angle settings.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the adjustable vane adjustment law may be configured in a compressor tester control system. For example, 25 sets of vane angle values versus relative scaled speed values may be configured to ensure interpolation accuracy within 0.2. The present disclosure is not limited thereto.

According to the angle setting value of each adjustable stationary blade, the adjustable stationary blade closed-loop control unit 604 can control the angle of each adjustable stationary blade in a single-stage closed-loop control manner. According to an exemplary embodiment, the adjustable vane closed-loop control unit 604 may include a single stage of closed-loop control logic corresponding to each stage of adjustable vane S0, S1, S2, S3, and S4. The single stage closed loop control logic may be as described above in connection with FIG. 5 or a variation thereof that drives the rotation of the vane shanks accordingly to effect angular adjustment of the adjustable vanes of the present stage.

According to an exemplary embodiment, to ensure synchronicity of control of each stage of adjustable vanes, the control rate ROC of each stage of adjustable vanes may be set at a specific ratio calculated according to an adjustable vane adjustment law.

The adjustable vane speed versus relative scaled rotation automatic control logic 600 of FIG. 6 may be particularly suitable for use in, for example, the fixed adjustable vane angular drop test method described above in connection with FIG. 3, and the like.

FIG. 7 illustrates a diagram of joint tone control logic 700 with the first stage tunable vane S1 as the primary tone stage.

Taking 5-stage adjustability of the compressor stator blade as an example, the adjustable stator blade may include S0, S1, S2, S3, and S4, where S0 is an inlet adjustable guide blade, also called an inlet adjustable stator blade or a 0 th-stage adjustable stator blade; and S1-S4 are first through fourth stage adjustable vanes, respectively.

It should be noted that the example of FIG. 7 is illustrated with the compressor vane 5 stage modulation, where S1 is the joint modulation control logic for the main modulation stage. However, the present disclosure is not so limited, and there may be more or fewer adjustable vane stages, and the main regulation stage is not limited to S1.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the coordinated control logic 700, which is the primary tuning stage with the first stage adjustable vane S1, may include a setpoint calculation unit 702 and an adjustable vane closed-loop control unit 704.

According to the adjustable stationary blade adjusting rule, the relation between the angles of S0, S2, S3 and S4 and the angle of S1 can be obtained. According to an exemplary embodiment, the angular relationships of the other respective adjustable vane stages to S1 may be configured in the set point calculation unit 702, respectively.

The set value calculating unit 702 may calculate the angle set values of S0, S2, S3, S4 based on the above-described arrangement relationship and the inputted angle set value of S1.

According to the angle set value of each adjustable stationary blade, the adjustable stationary blade closed-loop control unit 704 controls the angle of each adjustable stationary blade in a single-stage closed-loop control manner, and ensures synchronous linkage of each stage by controlling the ratio of the speed. The single stage closed loop control logic may be as described above in connection with FIG. 5 or a variation thereof that drives the rotation of the vane shanks accordingly to effect angular adjustment of the adjustable vanes of the present stage.

The coordinated control logic 700 of FIG. 7, having the first stage of adjustable vanes S1 as the primary tuning stage, may be particularly useful in the fixed speed open adjustable vane test method described above in connection with FIG. 4, for example.

Fig. 8 shows a diagram of angular displacement sensor failure determination logic and protection system 800. The angular displacement sensor may include the angular displacement sensor 6 described above in connection with fig. 1, and/or the angular displacement sensor 508 described in connection with fig. 5, and/or the like.

As previously described, each stage of adjustable vanes 810 is typically configured with a set of one or more (e.g., 1-4) angular displacement sensors 808, averaged as a feedback value for the stage vane angle, and sent to the angular displacement sensor failure determination logic and protection system 800 to form closed-loop feedback control.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the angular displacement sensor failure determination logic and protection system 800 may include an angular displacement sensor failure determination unit 802, an adjustable vane locking/unlocking unit 804, and an angular displacement sensor enabling/disabling unit 806.

According to an exemplary embodiment, if a deviation of a certain angular displacement sensor measurement value in the primary angular displacement sensor 808 from an average of several angular displacement sensor measurements in the group exceeds a deviation threshold (e.g., 5 °), the angular displacement sensor failure determination unit 802 may determine that the angular displacement sensor has failed and notify the adjustable vane locking/unlocking unit 804 and the angular displacement sensor enabling/disabling unit 806 of the failure of the angular displacement sensor. In the event of such an angular displacement sensor failure, the adjustable vane locking/unlocking unit 804 may lock the stage adjustable vane 810 at the current angle. The angular displacement sensor enabling/disabling unit 806 may disable a failed angular displacement sensor so that its measurement no longer participates in the average calculation. The angular displacement sensor enabling/disabling unit 806 may automatically or semi-automatically disable a failed angular displacement sensor or may manually disable a failed angular displacement sensor by an operator through a control system interface. Thereafter, the adjustable vane locking/unlocking unit 804 may unlock the angle of the stage of adjustable vanes 810.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by corresponding methods, apparatuses, devices, and programs (e.g., programs stored on a computer readable medium and executable by a processor), etc. Methods, apparatus, devices, etc. that incorporate or implement embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in software, hardware, or firmware, etc., and are within the scope of the present disclosure. When implemented in software or firmware or the like, the corresponding program code may be stored on a medium such as a floppy disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a hard disk, a flash memory, a usb disk, a CF card, an SD card, an MMC card, an SM card, a memory stick, an XD card, an SDHC card, or the like, or may be transmitted over a communication medium and executed by, for example, a processor or the like to implement the corresponding function or a portion thereof, or any combination of functions.

What has been described above is merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention. The scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that may be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable Logic Device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the disclosure may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may reside in any form of storage medium known in the art. Some examples of storage media that may be used include Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), flash memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, and so forth. A software module may comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and may be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across multiple storage media. A storage medium may be coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor.

The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for achieving the described method. The method steps and/or actions may be interchanged with one another without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims.

The processor may execute software stored on a machine-readable medium. A processor may be implemented with one or more general and/or special purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuitry capable of executing software. Software should be construed broadly to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. By way of example, a machine-readable medium may include RAM (random access memory), flash memory, ROM (read only memory), PROM (programmable read only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable read only memory), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read only memory), registers, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a hard drive, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The machine-readable medium may be embodied in a computer program product. The computer program product may include packaging material.

In a hardware implementation, the machine-readable medium may be a part of the processing system that is separate from the processor. However, as those skilled in the art will readily appreciate, the machine-readable medium, or any portion thereof, may be external to the processing system. By way of example, a machine-readable medium may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and/or a computer product separate from the wireless node, all of which may be accessed by a processor through a bus interface. Alternatively or additionally, the machine-readable medium or any portion thereof may be integrated into a processor, such as a cache and/or a general register file, as may be the case.

The processing system may be configured as a general purpose processing system having one or more microprocessors that provide processor functionality, and an external memory that provides at least a portion of the machine readable medium, all linked together with other supporting circuitry through an external bus architecture. Alternatively, the processing system may be implemented with an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) having a processor, a bus interface, a user interface (in the case of an access terminal), support circuitry, and at least a portion of a machine readable medium integrated in a single chip, or with one or more FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), PLDs (programmable logic devices), controllers, state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware components, or any other suitable circuitry, or any combination of circuitry that is capable of performing the various functionalities described throughout this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will recognize how best to implement the functionality described with respect to the processing system, depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.

The machine-readable medium may include several software modules. These software modules include instructions that, when executed by a device, such as a processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions. These software modules may include a transmitting module and a receiving module. Each software module may reside in a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. As an example, a software module may be loaded into RAM from a hard drive when a triggering event occurs. During execution of the software module, the processor may load some instructions into the cache to increase access speed. One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general register file for execution by the processor. When referring to the functionality of a software module below, it will be understood that such functionality is implemented by the processor when executing instructions from the software module.

If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a web site, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as Infrared (IR), radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk (disk) and disc (disc), as used herein, includes Compact Disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc, wherein the disk (disk) usually reproduces data magnetically, while the disc (disc) reproduces data optically with a laser. Thus, in some aspects, computer-readable media may comprise non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., tangible media). Additionally, for other aspects, the computer-readable medium may comprise a transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., a signal). Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

Accordingly, certain aspects may comprise a computer program product for performing the operations presented herein. For example, such a computer program product may include a computer-readable medium having instructions stored (and/or encoded) thereon, the instructions being executable by one or more processors to perform the operations described herein. In certain aspects, a computer program product may include packaging materials.

It is to be understood that the claims are not limited to the precise configuration and components illustrated above. Various changes, substitutions and alterations in the arrangement, operation and details of the method and apparatus described above may be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of testing an opening margin measurement of an adjustable vane of a compressor including two or more stages of adjustable vanes, the method comprising:

adjusting the rotating speed of a gas compressor and automatically controlling the angle of each stage of adjustable stationary blade in the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades of the gas compressor along with the rotating speed;

adjusting the pressure ratio of the compressor to a common working line pressure ratio and adjusting interstage bleed air of the compressor to a designed bleed air amount;

fixing one of the rotation speed of the compressor or the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades, and adjusting the other until the compressor surges; and

and calculating the opening margin of the adjustable stationary blade of the gas compressor based on the actual angle of the adjustable stationary blade when the gas compressor surges and the design angle at the surge-intake rotating speed.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the speed of the compressor comprises adjusting the speed of the compressor to a reduced start speed; and is

Fixing one of a rotational speed of the compressor or an angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes, and adjusting the other includes:

fixing the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary vanes and incrementally adjusting the speed of the compressor.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein incrementally adjusting the speed of the compressor comprises: and reducing the rotating speed of the compressor by a fixed percentage every time.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

when the compressor surges, determining whether the surge-pumping rotating speed of the compressor is less than a test target rotating speed;

if the surge rotating speed of the compressor is less than or equal to the target rotating speed, determining that the opening margins of the adjustable stationary blades of the compressor meet the requirements when the rotating speed of the compressor is between the surge rotating speed and the target rotating speed; otherwise

And if the surge rotating speed of the compressor is greater than the target rotating speed, determining that the opening margin of the adjustable stationary blade of the compressor does not meet the requirement when the rotating speed of the compressor is between the surge rotating speed and the target rotating speed.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein calculating the adjustable vane opening margin of the compressor based on an actual angle of the adjustable vane at the compressor surge and a design angle at the surge speed comprises:

determining the design angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades at the surge-advance rotating speed according to the adjustable stationary blade adjusting rule;

determining the design angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stator blades at the initial rotating speed of the reduction rotation; and

and taking the difference value of the design angle at the surge rotating speed and the design angle at the rotation starting rotating speed as the opening margin of the adjustable stator blade at the surge rotating speed.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the derating start speed is back-calculated based on a target speed of the compressor, an adjustable vane opening margin requirement, and the adjustable vane adjustment law.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the speed of the compressor comprises adjusting the speed of the compressor to a test target speed; and is

and fixing the rotating speed of the gas compressor at the test target rotating speed, and adjusting the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the two or more stages of adjustable vanes include at least an inlet adjustable vane and a first stage adjustable vane, and

adjusting the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes comprises:

and taking the first-stage adjustable stationary blade as a main adjusting stage to perform joint adjustment on the angles of the inlet adjustable stationary blade and the adjustable stationary blades of other stages.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein adjusting the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes further comprises:

and gradually changing the opening angle of the first stage adjustable static blade each time, and correspondingly adjusting the angles of the inlet adjustable static blade and the adjustable static blades of other stages in a combined mode.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

obtaining the angle relation between the inlet adjustable stator blade and each of other adjustable stator blades at each stage and the first stage adjustable stator blade according to the adjustable stator blade adjusting rule;

wherein the joint adjustment of the angles of the inlet adjustable vane and the adjustable vanes of each of the other stages with the first stage adjustable vane as a main adjustment stage comprises:

determining the angle of the inlet adjustable guide vane and other adjustable guide vanes of each stage which need joint adjustment according to the angle relation based on the current angle of the first stage adjustable guide vane; and

and adjusting the inlet adjustable guide vanes and other adjustable stationary vanes at each stage based on the angle of the inlet adjustable guide vanes and other adjustable stationary vanes at each stage which are required to be adjusted in a joint manner.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein calculating the adjustable vane opening margin of the compressor based on an actual angle of the adjustable vane at the compressor surge and a design angle at the surge speed comprises:

and taking the difference value of the design angle of the two or more stages of adjustable static blades at the test target rotating speed and the actual angle of the two or more stages of adjustable static blades when the compressor surges as the opening margin of the adjustable static blades at the test target rotating speed.

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

recording steady state data of the compressor while fixing one of the rotation speed of the compressor or the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary vanes and adjusting the other, the steady state data at least including the rotation speed of the compressor and the angle of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary vanes.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

when the compressor surges, performing a surge relieving operation immediately, wherein the surge relieving operation comprises any one or combination of the following:

(i) increasing the opening of the exhaust valve;

(ii) restoring the two or more stages of adjustable vanes to a design angle; and

(iii) the bleed valve is fully opened.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein automatically controlling an angle of each of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes of the compressor as a function of the rotational speed comprises:

measuring the physical rotating speed and the inlet temperature of the compressor in real time;

determining a relative conversion rate of the compressor based on the physical rotating speed, the inlet temperature, the reference temperature and the design rotating speed;

and determining respective set angles of the two or more stages of adjustable stationary blades based on an adjustable stationary blade adjusting rule and the relative conversion rate.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein an angle of each of the two or more stages of adjustable vanes is adjusted by a single stage closed loop control, wherein the single stage closed loop control comprises:

determining a control target for the stage adjustable vane based on the set value of the stage adjustable vane angle, the initial angle of the stage adjustable vane, and the control rate;

determining a control output value by employing a proportional-integral-derivative PID algorithm based on the control target;

performing control of the angle of the stage of adjustable vanes based on the control output value;

measuring the current angle of the adjustable stator blade of the stage through an angular displacement sensor;

correcting the control target based on the difference value between the current angle of the adjustable stationary blade of the stage and the control target; and

and continuing to control the angle of the adjustable stator blade of the stage until the difference value is smaller than or equal to the adjustable stator blade angle deviation threshold value.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the angular displacement sensors of each stage of adjustable vanes comprise at least four angular displacement sensors, and the method further comprises, when a deviation of a measured average of one of the at least four angular displacement sensors from the remaining angular displacement sensors exceeds a deviation threshold:

locking the adjustable stator blade of the stage at the current angle;

disabling an angular displacement sensor that has a deviation exceeding the deviation threshold; and

unlocking the stage of adjustable vanes.