CN112127045B - Preparation process of tensile breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric - Google Patents
Preparation process of tensile breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN112127045B CN112127045B CN202010928621.1A CN202010928621A CN112127045B CN 112127045 B CN112127045 B CN 112127045B CN 202010928621 A CN202010928621 A CN 202010928621A CN 112127045 B CN112127045 B CN 112127045B
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 318
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
- D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/06—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
- D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
- D10B2201/24—Viscose
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabrics, and discloses a preparation process of a tensile breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps: a. preparing fiber raw materials and preparing fiber auxiliary materials; b. primary web forming of fibers: the method comprises the following steps of (1) superposing a plurality of net-shaped main fiber thin layers to prepare a lower-layer main fiber net, spraying and melting the upper surface of the lower-layer main fiber net for one time to form a spraying and melting lower fiber layer, laying a plurality of net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layers on the upper surface of the spraying and melting lower fiber layer, forming an auxiliary fiber layer on the upper surface of the spraying and melting lower fiber layer, and pressing the auxiliary fiber layer and the auxiliary fiber layer into a composite fiber net through a compression roller; c. performing primary needling; d. secondary web forming of fibers: the composite fiber net is sprayed and melted for the second time, a plurality of layers of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the sprayed and melted upper fiber layer, and the whole is pressed into a non-woven fabric semi-finished product with the gram weight of 65-100 g/square meter through a pressing roller; e. secondary needling: and shaping after secondary needling to obtain a non-woven fabric finished product. The non-woven fabric has the beneficial effects of good tensile property, good air permeability and good heat insulation property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabric manufacturing, in particular to a preparation process of a tensile and breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric.
Background
Nonwoven fabrics, also known as nonwovens, are composed of oriented or random fibers and are referred to as fabrics because of their appearance and certain properties. The non-woven fabric has the advantages of moisture resistance, air permeability, flexibility, light weight, no combustion supporting, easy decomposition, no toxicity or irritation, rich color, low price, recycling and the like, and is simple to manufacture, low in cost and very wide in application. The preparation process of the non-woven fabric is very many, including a spunlace process, a needling process, a hot rolling process and the like, the spunlace process usually aims at the non-woven fabric with smaller gram weight, and the needling process is generally adopted for the non-woven fabric with larger gram weight, for example, the non-woven fabric is used for manufacturing an inner liner of a garment, and the inner liner of the garment requires performances such as ventilation, heat preservation, tensile strength and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation process of a tensile breathable type needled non-woven fabric, aiming at solving the problem that the tensile and breathable properties of the needled non-woven fabric in the prior art are insufficient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a tensile breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a fiber raw material: a1, preparing fiber main materials: preparing fiber main materials according to the following parts by weight: 30-40 parts of polypropylene short fibers, 15-20 parts of polyester fibers and 15-18 parts of viscose, wherein the main fiber materials are mixed and opened to prepare mixed main fibers; a2, preparing fiber auxiliary materials: preparing fiber auxiliary materials according to the following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of polypropylene long fiber, 5-10 parts of polypropylene short fiber, 10-12 parts of viscose fiber and 5-12 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, wherein the fiber auxiliary materials are prepared into mixed auxiliary fiber after being mixed and opened; b. primary web forming of fibers: carding the mixed main fibers into a net-shaped main fiber thin layer, and carding the mixed auxiliary fibers into a net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layer; a plurality of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are overlapped and then pressed into a lower-layer main fiber net through a group of pressing rollers; the upper surface of the lower main fiber net is subjected to primary spray melting through a primary spray melting area to form a spray-melted lower fiber layer, a plurality of layers of net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, an auxiliary fiber layer is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, and then the auxiliary fiber layer is pressed into a composite fiber net through a pressing roller; c. and (3) one-time needling: drawing the composite fiber web to a first needling area for one-time needling; d. secondary web forming of fibers: the composite fiber web subjected to primary needle punching enters a secondary spray-melting area for secondary spray melting, a spray-melting upper fiber layer is formed on the upper side surface of the composite fiber web subjected to secondary spray melting, a plurality of layers of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, an upper main fiber web is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, and the whole is pressed into a non-woven fabric semi-finished product with the grammage of 65-100 g/square meter through a pressing roll; e. secondary needling: and drawing the semi-finished non-woven fabric to a second needling area for secondary needling, and shaping after the secondary needling to obtain a finished non-woven fabric.
The spray melting process and the needling process are combined, the finally prepared non-woven fabric finished product sequentially comprises a lower main fiber net layer, a spray melting lower fiber layer, an auxiliary fiber layer, a spray melting upper fiber layer, an upper main fiber net layer and five layers of composite non-woven fabrics from bottom to top, and a certain amount of polyester fibers are contained in the lower main fiber net layer and the upper main fiber net layer, so that the surface of the non-woven fabric is crease-resistant, tensile, non-ironing, non-sticky to wool and wear-resistant, and has good rebound resilience; the auxiliary fiber layer is positioned in the middle and contains a certain amount of polyacrylonitrile fibers, the polyacrylonitrile fibers are in an irregular spiral shape and are more easily entangled with fibers in the lower main fiber net and the upper main fiber net in the needling process, and the polyacrylonitrile fibers are soft, light, warm and good in heat resistance, have good air permeability and heat preservation, are very suitable for being used as a lining layer of clothes, but have poor wear resistance, so that the polyacrylonitrile fibers are positioned in the middle of the non-woven fabric as the auxiliary fiber layer, and the performance of the polyacrylonitrile fibers is compensated by the polyester fibers (good in wear resistance) in the lower main fiber net and the upper main fiber net, so that the surface of the non-woven fabric has good wear resistance; the spray-melted lower fiber layer and the spray-melted upper fiber layer are formed by spray melting, so that internal fibers are thinner and more compact, the cohesiveness is better, a lower main fiber net (an upper main fiber net) and an auxiliary fiber layer can be stably and reliably connected, pores in the spray-melted lower fiber layer and the spray-melted upper fiber layer are smaller, and the heat insulation performance of the non-woven fabric is improved on the premise of not influencing air permeability; simultaneously through once acupuncture, secondary acupuncture make can be better interlude, tangle, cohesion between the fibre in the five-layer fiber net, and then form more entanglement points for overall stability is good is difficult for the layering, and horizontal, vertically all have good tensile properties, and the whole gas permeability that is simultaneously also is better.
Preferably, the polymer melt in the meltblowing die head in the primary meltblowing zone is polypropylene having a melt flow index of 200-400g/10min, and the polymer melt in the meltblowing die head in the secondary meltblowing zone is polypropylene having a melt flow index of 600-700g/10 min. The melt flow index refers to the weight gram of a melt flowing out in 10 minutes at a certain temperature of a press, and the larger the melt flow index is, the lower the strength of the fibers formed by spray melting is; the lower spray-melted fiber layer which is sprayed and melted by the polypropylene with the melt flow index of 200-400g/10min has good transverse and longitudinal tensile strength, and the upper spray-melted fiber layer which is sprayed and melted by the polypropylene with the melt flow index of 600-700g/10min has good bursting strength (acting force vertical to the lower spray-melted fiber layer), so that the transverse and longitudinal compression resistance of the non-woven fabric is further enhanced, and the acting force resistance vertical to the non-woven fabric is enhanced.
Preferably, in the primary spraying and melting zone, the temperature of the spraying and melting die head is 265-285 ℃, the spraying angle of hot air flow in the spraying and melting die head is 55-65 ℃, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spraying and melting die head is 0.1-0.2MPa, and the extrusion capacity of a polymer melt is 0.09-0.12 g/hole/min; in the secondary spraying and melting zone, the temperature of the spraying and melting die head is 315-335 ℃, the spraying angle of hot air flow in the spraying and melting die head is 65-75 ℃, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spraying and melting die head is 0.25-0.35MPa, and the extrusion capacity of polymer melt is 0.06-0.08 g/hole/min. The diameter of most of fibers of the sprayed and melted fiber layer is within the range of 9-12 mu m by controlling the temperature of a spraying and melting die head, the pressure of hot air flow and the extrusion capacity of polymer melt in a primary spraying and melting area, and the component of the melt in the axial direction of a spinneret orifice is reduced by controlling the spraying angle and adopting a smaller spraying angle, so that the fibers in the sprayed and melted fiber layer prepared by spraying and melting are more staggered and intertwined, the included angle between the fibers and the plane in the sprayed and melted fiber layer is smaller, the transverse and longitudinal elastic deformation quantity is reduced, and the clothes lining made of the non-woven fabric is not easy to deform; most of fibers of the melt-blown upper fiber layer formed by the melt-blown secondary zone have diameters within the range of 6-9 microns, the fibers are thinner and more compact, the jet angle is increased, the component of the melt in the axis direction of the spinneret orifice is increased, the included angle between the fibers and the plane in the melt-blown upper fiber layer is also larger, and the melt-blown upper fiber layer can be better deformed to reduce the impact force when being subjected to the top bursting force (vertical acting force) and is not easy to be burst.
Preferably, the lower main fiber layer is formed by overlapping 5-8 meshed main fiber thin layers, the lower main fiber layer is formed by overlapping 3-6 meshed main fiber thin layers, and the auxiliary fiber layer is formed by overlapping 2-4 meshed auxiliary fiber thin layers.
Preferably, in the first needling zone, the number of implanted needles on a single needle plate with the length of one meter is 5000-; in the second needling area, the density of needles distributed on the double needle plates with the length of one meter is 12000-15000, the needling frequency is 720-850 times/min, the needling density is 360-400 times/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 5-7.5 mm.
Preferably, the mixed main fiber material also comprises 2-4 parts of flame retardant by weight. The flame retardant increases the flame retardant properties.
Preferably, in the step e, after the secondary needling is performed, the two needle plates enter the face repairing needling area to perform front and back two-side needling, the density of needles arranged on the double needle plates with the length of one meter is 13000-14000 needles, the needling frequency is 900-950 needles/minute, the needling density is 420-450 needles/square centimeter, the needling depth is 1.2-1.8mm, and the needles in the face repairing needling area enter the shaping area after being needled. The front and the back of the non-woven fabric are subjected to compact needling in the face trimming needling area, so that the surface of the non-woven fabric is smoother and more attractive.
Therefore, the invention has good transverse and longitudinal tensile properties and good resistance to bursting force in the vertical direction; the inside of the auxiliary fiber layer is soft, fluffy and porous, and has good air permeability, and meanwhile, the surface of the spray-melt lower fiber layer, the spray-melt upper fiber layer and the auxiliary fiber layer are combined, compact pores exist in the spray-melt lower fiber layer and the spray-melt upper fiber layer, and the pores weaken the exchange between the air inside the auxiliary fiber layer and the outside, namely, the whole heat insulation performance is improved on the premise of considering the air permeability (slightly reduced).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nonwoven fabric.
In the figure: the fiber layer comprises a lower main fiber net 1, a spray-melt lower fiber layer 2, an auxiliary fiber layer 3, a spray-melt upper fiber layer 4 and an upper main fiber net 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
example 1: a preparation process of a tensile breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a fiber raw material: a1, preparing fiber main materials: preparing fiber main materials according to the following parts by weight: 30 parts of polypropylene short fibers, 15 parts of polyester fibers and 15 parts of viscose, wherein the main fiber materials are mixed and opened to prepare mixed main fibers; a2, preparing fiber auxiliary materials: preparing fiber auxiliary materials according to the following parts by weight: 10 parts of polypropylene long fiber, 5 parts of polypropylene short fiber, 10 parts of viscose fiber and 5 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, wherein the fiber auxiliary materials are prepared into mixed auxiliary fiber after being mixed and opened; b. primary web forming of fibers: carding the mixed main fibers into a net-shaped main fiber thin layer, and carding the mixed auxiliary fibers into a net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layer; a plurality of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are overlapped and then pressed into a lower-layer main fiber net through a group of pressing rollers; the upper surface of the lower main fiber net is subjected to primary spray melting through a primary spray melting area to form a spray-melted lower fiber layer, a plurality of layers of net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, an auxiliary fiber layer is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, and then the auxiliary fiber layer is pressed into a composite fiber net through a pressing roller; c. and (3) one-time needling: drawing the composite fiber web to a first needling area for one-time needling; d. secondary web forming of fibers: the composite fiber web after the primary needle punching enters a secondary spray-melting area for secondary spray melting, a spray-melting upper fiber layer is formed on the upper side surface of the composite fiber web after the secondary spray melting, a plurality of layers of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, an upper main fiber web is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, and the whole is pressed into a semi-finished non-woven fabric product with the grammage of 65 g/square meter through a pressing roll; e. secondary needling: and pulling the semi-finished non-woven fabric to a second needling area for secondary needling, entering a face trimming needling area for front and back needling after the secondary needling area is needled, entering a shaping area after the face trimming needling area is needled, and shaping to obtain a non-woven fabric finished product.
The polymer melt in the spray-melting die head in the primary spray-melting zone is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 200g/10min, the temperature of the spray-melting die head in the primary spray-melting zone is 265 ℃, the spraying angle of hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 55 degrees, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 0.1MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.09 g/hole/min; the polymer melt in the spray-melting die head in the secondary spray-melting zone is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 600g/10min, the temperature of the spray-melting die head in the secondary spray-melting zone is 315 ℃, the spraying angle of hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 65 degrees, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 0.25MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.06 g/hole/min.
The lower main fiber layer is formed by superposing 5 reticular main fiber thin layers, the lower main fiber layer is formed by superposing 3 reticular main fiber thin layers, and the auxiliary fiber layer is formed by superposing 2 reticular auxiliary fiber thin layers; in the first needling area, the number of needles planted on a single needle board with the length of one meter is 5000, the needling frequency is 500 needling/min, the needling density is 120 needling/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 8 mm; in the second needling area, the density of the cloth needles on the double needle plates with the length of one meter is 12000, the needling frequency is 7200 times/minute, the needling density is 3600 needling/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 5 mm; in the shaving needling area, the density of cloth needles on a double needle plate with the length of one meter is 13000 needles, the needling frequency is 900 needles/minute, the needling density is 420 needles/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 1.2 mm; the mixed main fiber material also comprises 2 parts by weight of flame retardant.
Example 2: a preparation process of a tensile breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a fiber raw material: a1, preparing fiber main materials: preparing fiber main materials according to the following parts by weight: 40 parts of polypropylene short fibers, 20 parts of polyester fibers and 18 parts of viscose fibers, wherein the main fiber materials are mixed and opened to prepare mixed main fibers; a2, preparing fiber auxiliary materials: preparing fiber auxiliary materials according to the following parts by weight: 15 parts of polypropylene long fiber, 10 parts of polypropylene short fiber, 12 parts of viscose fiber and 12 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, wherein the fiber auxiliary materials are prepared into mixed auxiliary fiber after being mixed and opened; b. primary web forming of fibers: carding the mixed main fibers into a net-shaped main fiber thin layer, and carding the mixed auxiliary fibers into a net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layer; a plurality of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are overlapped and then pressed into a lower-layer main fiber net through a group of pressing rollers; the upper surface of the lower main fiber net is subjected to primary spray melting through a primary spray melting area to form a spray-melted lower fiber layer, a plurality of layers of net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, an auxiliary fiber layer is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, and then the auxiliary fiber layer is pressed into a composite fiber net through a pressing roller; c. and (3) one-time needling: drawing the composite fiber web to a first needling area for one-time needling; d. secondary web forming of fibers: the composite fiber web after the primary needle punching enters a secondary spray-melting area for secondary spray melting, a spray-melting upper fiber layer is formed on the upper side surface of the composite fiber web after the secondary spray melting, a plurality of layers of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, an upper main fiber web is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, and the whole is pressed into a semi-finished non-woven fabric product with the grammage of 100 g/square meter through a pressing roll; e. secondary needling: and pulling the semi-finished non-woven fabric to a second needling area for secondary needling, entering a face trimming needling area for front and back needling after the secondary needling area is needled, entering a shaping area after the face trimming needling area is needled, and shaping to obtain a non-woven fabric finished product.
The polymer melt in the spray-melting die head in the primary spray-melting zone is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 400g/10min, the temperature of the spray-melting die head in the primary spray-melting zone is 285 ℃, the spray angle of hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 65 degrees, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 0.2MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.12 g/hole/min; and in the secondary spraying and melting zone, the polymer melt in the spraying and melting die head is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 700g/10min, the temperature of the spraying and melting die head is 335 ℃, the spraying angle of hot air flow in the spraying and melting die head is 75 degrees, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spraying and melting die head is 0.35MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.08 g/hole/min.
The lower main fiber layer is formed by superposing 8 layers of meshed main fiber thin layers, the lower main fiber layer is formed by superposing 6 layers of meshed main fiber thin layers, and the auxiliary fiber layer is formed by superposing 4 layers of meshed auxiliary fiber thin layers; in the first needling area, the number of implanted needles on a single needle board with the length of one meter is 7500, the needling frequency is 650 needling/min, the needling density is 180 needling/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 11 mm; in the second needling area, the density of the cloth needles on the double needle plates with the length of one meter is 15000, the needling frequency is 850 times/minute, the needling density is 400 needling/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 7.5 mm; in the face-trimming needling area, the density of the cloth needles on the double needle plates with the length of one meter is 14000, the needling frequency is 950 needling/min, the needling density is 450 needling/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 1.8 mm; the mixed main fiber material also comprises 4 parts by weight of flame retardant.
Example 3: a preparation process of a tensile breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a fiber raw material: a1, preparing fiber main materials: preparing fiber main materials according to the following parts by weight: 35 parts of polypropylene short fibers, 18 parts of polyester fibers and 16 parts of viscose fibers, wherein the main fiber materials are mixed and opened to prepare mixed main fibers; a2, preparing fiber auxiliary materials: preparing fiber auxiliary materials according to the following parts by weight: 12 parts of polypropylene long fiber, 8 parts of polypropylene short fiber, 11 parts of viscose fiber and 8 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, wherein the fiber auxiliary materials are prepared into mixed auxiliary fiber after being mixed and opened; b. primary web forming of fibers: carding the mixed main fibers into a net-shaped main fiber thin layer, and carding the mixed auxiliary fibers into a net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layer; a plurality of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are overlapped and then pressed into a lower-layer main fiber net through a group of pressing rollers; the upper surface of the lower main fiber net is subjected to primary spray melting through a primary spray melting area to form a spray-melted lower fiber layer, a plurality of layers of net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, an auxiliary fiber layer is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, and then the auxiliary fiber layer is pressed into a composite fiber net through a pressing roller; c. and (3) one-time needling: drawing the composite fiber web to a first needling area for one-time needling; d. secondary web forming of fibers: the composite fiber web after the primary needle punching enters a secondary spray-melting area for secondary spray melting, a spray-melting upper fiber layer is formed on the upper side surface of the composite fiber web after the secondary spray melting, a plurality of layers of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, an upper main fiber web is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, and the whole is pressed into a non-woven fabric semi-finished product with the grammage of 85 g/square meter through a pressing roll; e. secondary needling: and pulling the semi-finished non-woven fabric to a second needling area for secondary needling, entering a face trimming needling area for front and back needling after the secondary needling area is needled, entering a shaping area after the face trimming needling area is needled, and shaping to obtain a non-woven fabric finished product.
The polymer melt in the spray-melting die head in the primary spray-melting zone is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 300g/10min, the temperature of the spray-melting die head in the primary spray-melting zone is 275 ℃, the spray angle of hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 60 degrees, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 0.15MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 1.1 g/hole/min; the polymer melt in the spray-melting die head in the secondary spray-melting zone is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 650g/10min, the temperature of the spray-melting die head in the secondary spray-melting zone is 325 ℃, the spraying angle of hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 70 degrees, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 0.3MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.07 g/hole/min.
The lower main fiber layer is formed by superposing 6 layers of meshed main fiber thin layers, the lower main fiber layer is formed by superposing 5 layers of meshed main fiber thin layers, and the auxiliary fiber layer is formed by superposing 3 layers of meshed auxiliary fiber thin layers; in the first needling area, the number of needles planted on a single needle board with the length of one meter is 6200, the needling frequency is 580 needling/minute, the needling density is 150 needling/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 9 mm; in the second needling area, the density of the cloth needles on the double needle plates with the length of one meter is 13500, the needling frequency is 790 times/minute, the needling density is 380 needling/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 6.5 mm; in the trimming needling area, the density of distributed needles on a double needle plate with the length of one meter is 13500, the needling frequency is 925 needling/min, the needling density is 420-; the mixed main fiber material also comprises 2-4 parts of flame retardant by weight.
The structure of the nonwoven fabric manufactured by the above three examples is shown in fig. 1, and the internal structure of the nonwoven fabric in fig. 1 is as follows from bottom to top: the fiber net comprises a lower layer main fiber net 1, a spray-melt lower fiber layer 2, an auxiliary fiber layer 3, a spray-melt upper fiber layer 4 and an upper layer main fiber net 5, wherein the five fiber nets are compounded together through a spray-melt process and a needling process; the lower main fiber net and the upper main fiber net have good anti-wrinkle and wear-resistant properties, so that the surface of the non-woven fabric is wear-resistant and flat and is not easy to wrinkle; the auxiliary fiber layer is soft, light and fluffy, and has a large amount of pores inside and good air permeability; the lower spray-fused fiber layer and the upper spray-fused fiber layer are formed by spray fusion, so that internal fibers are thinner, denser and better in cohesiveness, a lower main fiber net (an upper main fiber net) and an auxiliary fiber layer can be stably and reliably connected, dense pores exist in the lower spray-fused fiber layer and the upper spray-fused fiber layer, the pores weaken the communication between the air inside the auxiliary fiber layer and the outside, and the overall heat insulation performance is improved on the premise of considering the air permeability (slightly reduced air permeability); the transverse and longitudinal tensile properties are further improved by spraying and melting the lower fiber layer, and the acting force resistance in the vertical direction is increased by spraying and melting the upper fiber layer; through once acupuncture, secondary acupuncture, shaving acupuncture make can be better alternate between the fibre in five layers of fibre nets, tangle, cohesion, and then form more entanglement points for overall stability is good difficult layering, and horizontal, vertically all have good tensile properties, and the whole gas permeability that also is simultaneously is better.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation process of a tensile breathable needle-punched non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. preparing a fiber raw material:
a1, preparing fiber main materials: preparing fiber main materials according to the following parts by weight: 30-40 parts of polypropylene short fibers, 15-20 parts of polyester fibers and 15-18 parts of viscose, wherein the main fiber materials are mixed and opened to prepare mixed main fibers;
a2, preparing fiber auxiliary materials: preparing fiber auxiliary materials according to the following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of polypropylene long fiber, 5-10 parts of polypropylene short fiber, 10-12 parts of viscose fiber and 5-12 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, wherein the fiber auxiliary materials are prepared into mixed auxiliary fiber after being mixed and opened;
b. primary web forming of fibers: carding the mixed main fibers into a net-shaped main fiber thin layer, and carding the mixed auxiliary fibers into a net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layer; a plurality of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are overlapped and then pressed into a lower-layer main fiber net through a group of pressing rollers; the upper surface of the lower main fiber net is subjected to primary spray melting through a primary spray melting area to form a spray-melted lower fiber layer, a plurality of layers of net-shaped auxiliary fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, an auxiliary fiber layer is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melted lower fiber layer, and then the auxiliary fiber layer is pressed into a composite fiber net through a pressing roller;
c. and (3) one-time needling: drawing the composite fiber web to a first needling area for one-time needling;
d. secondary web forming of fibers: the composite fiber web subjected to primary needle punching enters a secondary spray-melting area for secondary spray melting, a spray-melting upper fiber layer is formed on the upper side surface of the composite fiber web subjected to secondary spray melting, a plurality of layers of net-shaped main fiber thin layers are laid on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, an upper main fiber web is formed on the upper surface of the spray-melting upper fiber layer, and the whole is pressed into a non-woven fabric semi-finished product with the grammage of 65-100 g/square meter through a pressing roll;
e. secondary needling: drawing the semi-finished non-woven fabric to a second needling area for secondary needling, and shaping after the secondary needling to obtain a finished non-woven fabric;
the polymer melt in the spray-melting die head in the primary spray-melting zone is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 200-400g/10min, the temperature of the spray-melting die head in the primary spray-melting zone is 265-285 ℃, the jet angle of hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 55-65 ℃, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 0.1-0.2MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.09-0.12 g/hole/min; the polymer melt in the spray-melting die head in the secondary spray-melting zone is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 600-700g/10min, the temperature of the spray-melting die head in the secondary spray-melting zone is 315-335 ℃, the spraying angle of hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 65-75 ℃, the pressure of the hot air flow in the spray-melting die head is 0.25-0.35MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.06-0.08 g/hole/min.
2. The process for preparing the tensile air-permeable needled non-woven fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first needling zone, the number of the needling needles on a single needle plate with a length of one meter is 5000-; in the second needling area, the density of needles distributed on the double needle plates with the length of one meter is 12000-15000, the needling frequency is 720-850 needling/min, the needling density is 360-400 needling/square centimeter, and the needling depth is 5-7.5 mm.
3. The process for preparing a tensile air-permeable needle-punched non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the mixed main fiber material further comprises 2 to 4 parts by weight of a flame retardant.
4. The process for preparing the tensile air-permeable needled non-woven fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step e, the secondary needled region is needled and then enters the resurfacing needling region for forward and backward needling, the needling density of 13000-14000 needles on the double needle plates with one meter length in the resurfacing needling region is 900-950 needles/min, the needling density is 420-450 needles/square cm, the needling depth is 1.2-1.8mm, and the secondary needled region is needled and then enters the shaping region.
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Application publication date: 20201225 Assignee: Zhejiang Hengbang Nonwoven Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HANGZHOU HENGBANG INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023330000930 Denomination of invention: Preparation process of a tensile and breathable needle punched non-woven fabric Granted publication date: 20210806 License type: Common License Record date: 20231220 |