CN112120236B - Temperature-raising and pressure-changing peeling method for fresh lotus - Google Patents
Temperature-raising and pressure-changing peeling method for fresh lotus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112120236B CN112120236B CN202011003086.5A CN202011003086A CN112120236B CN 112120236 B CN112120236 B CN 112120236B CN 202011003086 A CN202011003086 A CN 202011003086A CN 112120236 B CN112120236 B CN 112120236B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lotus
- pressure
- peel
- temperature
- peeling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
Abstract
A temperature-increasing pressure-changing peeling method for fresh lotus seeds mainly solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the peeling efficiency of fresh lotus seeds is low, the peeling effect is poor, lotus seeds are damaged, and the like. The key points of the technical scheme are as follows: comprises the steps of fresh lotus feeding, lotus peel pretreatment (punching), lotus seed conveying, temperature and pressure increasing, pressure relief and peeling, peel and meat screening, lotus meat collection and the like; wherein, the temperature increase and the pressure increase are carried out in the form of electric heating of a sealing device, and the pressure release and the peeling are carried out by adopting an electromagnetic sensor control element; the production method of realizing the peeling process flow of the fresh lotus by adopting the temperature-raising, pressure-increasing and instantaneous pressure-releasing can effectively ensure the final separation of the peel and the pulp of the fresh lotus; labor resources are saved to the maximum extent, damage to lotus seeds is reduced, the whole system is integrated, mechanical and automatic production is achieved, the quality of the lotus seeds is effectively improved, production cost is reduced, and high-efficiency and low-loss peeling processing of fresh lotus seeds is really achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fresh lotus peeling process, in particular to a fresh lotus peeling method by means of temperature and pressure increase.
Background
Hunan quan is called 'Nengcheng' because Hunan lotus is produced in abundance, the yield of Hunan lotus accounts for 63.4% of China, the lotus seed manufacturing industry is continuously expanded, the demand is continuously improved, the lotus seed processing technology has higher requirements, and peeling is an important process in the lotus seed processing technology. However, local enterprises have remained a stage of manually cooperating with a simple mechanical peeling device for peeling lotus seeds, and the peeling method has the disadvantages of high labor intensity, low processing efficiency, high labor cost, difficulty in guaranteeing the hygienic requirement, difficulty in realizing industrial production, and easy damage to lotus seed meat, and meanwhile, secondary cleaning and heating for cooking are still required after peeling, so that the production energy consumption of lotus seed products is greatly increased.
Therefore, the existing lotus seed peeling process is improved, a new method for peeling fresh lotus seed products is developed, and the method has practical significance for the development of the lotus seed industry in Hunan areas; labor resources are saved to the maximum extent, damage to lotus seeds is reduced, the production process is stable, high-quantity and high-quality peeling operation is really realized, and the development of Hunan lotus industry is greatly promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a peeling machine which ensures excellent final peeling effect and high working efficiency; materials in the lotus seed final product are heated in the peeling process, processing procedures are reduced to the maximum extent, working energy consumption is reduced, damage to lotus seeds in the procedure conversion process is avoided, continuous processing is achieved, each procedure adopts closed-circuit matching screening, the single-procedure working effect is guaranteed to the maximum extent, the yield is effectively improved, and the sorting index is improved; but also ensures the stable production process, reduces the peeling omission phenomenon, really realizes the peeling operation with high quantity and high quality, and greatly increases the production capacity of the fresh lotus food of Hunan lotus enterprises.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: it comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding fresh lotus: fresh lotus seeds are placed in a feeding funnel container made of carbon steel, and the feeding quantity is controlled by opening and closing an electromagnetic piston; when the electromagnetic piston is opened, the lotus seeds enter the lotus seed peel punching part from the bottom feeding outlet under the action of gravity.
S2, punching lotus seed hulls: the lotus seed skin punching component comprises a cam vibration component, a laser sensing component, a material receiving disc, a roller chain and an automatic punching component. Lotus seeds are fed into a receiving tray at the front end of the device, a groove is formed above the receiving tray and used for containing the lotus seeds, and a hole gap is formed in the bottom of the groove and used for laser penetration of a laser sensing part; the cam vibration part provides continuous vibration for the material receiving disc in the initial feeding stage, lotus seeds on the upper portion of the material receiving disc smoothly enter the arranged grooves in the vibration process, after all the grooves are filled with the lotus seeds, laser of a laser sensor arranged at the bottom of each groove is completely shielded, signals are transmitted to the control part, after the control part receives the signals, further processing is carried out, the transmission part is controlled to move, the cam mechanism stops working, when the material receiving disc is transmitted to the scanning area of the camera of the automatic punching machine along with the roller chain on the plane, the automatic punching part starts to work, the needle heads on the upper portion of the automatic punching part correspond to the grooves of the material receiving disc one to one, and the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder to sink to carry out single punching movement.
S3, conveying lotus seeds: lotus seed conveyor is including connecing material funnel and conveyer pipe, and the material receiving tray bottom sets up cylinder work and leads to the lotus seeds in connecing the material funnel, connects material funnel sub-unit connection pipeline, and rotatory airtight container's entrance is arranged in to the end adoption bellows, and the lotus seeds directly gets into the container along connecing material funnel and conveyer pipe in, and the bellows shrink leaves the container entry after the transport is accomplished, and the entry end cover is closed.
S4, warming and pressurizing: the temperature and pressure increasing device comprises an electric temperature increasing device, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature reducing device, a rotary closed container and a motor transmission device; an inlet and an outlet are arranged at two ends of the rotary closed container; the high-speed motor drives the rotating closed container to rotate along a central shaft in the horizontal direction through the transmission device, the electric heating device continuously and uniformly heats the container at the bottom, and a high-temperature high-pressure environment containing water vapor is formed inside the container; the lotus seed has a large amount of water inside, the water inside the lotus seed can be vaporized at the high temperature of more than or equal to 100 ℃, the lotus seed skin has rich air holes and has the function of controlling the loss of water in the lotus seed, vaporized water vapor is blocked by the lotus seed skin and is difficult to evaporate smoothly to enter the outside, so that huge pressure which is perpendicular to the tangent line of the lotus seed skin and is outwards is accumulated inside the lotus seed, meanwhile, the lotus seed skin has stronger toughness due to a special fence tissue structure and is difficult to burst and break, meanwhile, the lotus seed forms gas-solid mixed flow in the rotating process, the lotus seed is fully mixed and collided, the expansion condition that cracks appear at the punching part of the lotus seed skin is caused, after the temperature and the pressure are controlled through the display of a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, signals are transmitted to a control unit, and the heating and pressurizing device stops working.
S5, pressure relief and peeling: when the temperature-increasing and pressure-increasing device stops working, the electromagnetic control end cover assembly at the outlet is instantly opened to two sides after receiving the transmission signal, and the pressure is instantly reduced; the tensile strength of the lotus peel is sharply reduced due to the energy absorption effect and the water loss generated under high-temperature pressure relief, and the lotus peel is extremely easy to crack; the instantaneous reduction of the external pressure causes the internal water vapor of the lotus seeds to evaporate rapidly, a great pressure difference is generated between the inside and the outside, the internal lotus flesh has a tendency of bursting towards the outside, the lotus peel is also influenced by the internal pressure difference and the external pressure difference, the action of the pressure on the lotus peel at the pore position is far greater than the elastic-plastic fracture limit of the lotus peel, stress concentration is generated, the lotus peel generates an initial crack-expansion phenomenon at the pore position, and the lotus flesh bursts along the crack outlet under the action of the internal pressure to be bound to burst out of the lotus peel; a small part of lotus meat is not completely separated from lotus peel, and in the process of instantaneously reducing the external pressure of the device, lotus seeds can be mixed with gas to form a mixed flow, and the mixed flow has a tendency of rapid movement along the pressure reduction direction, and the collision between the lotus seeds further promotes the complete separation of the lotus meat and the lotus peel. The outlet is positioned at the upper part of the vibrating screen, and the lotus meat and lotus peel which do not leave the interior of the container are poured into the vibrating screen through the operation of the hydraulic cylinder arranged at the bottom.
S6, skin and meat screening: the vibrating screen component comprises a frame, a screen and a vibrating motor, the lotus seed husks are burst and expanded into two parts along the pores, the minimum diameter is larger than 25mm, and the average diameter is about 30 mm; the maximum diameter of the lotus seed meat is less than 19 mm; in the work, the screen frame produces one for the screen cloth and lasts the amplitude under vibrating motor's effect, lotus meat and lotus skin get into the screen cloth after, only partial material and screen cloth contact, because the vibration of screen frame, the material is loosened on the screen, make the clearance that lotus skin originally just exists further expand, lotus meat takes the machine to pass the clearance, shift to the lower floor conveyer on, because lotus meat clearance is little, the lotus skin can not pass, so lotus meat and lotus skin crowd that original disordered and arranged has taken place the separation, realized the layering according to kind size promptly, formed lotus meat under, the arrangement rule that lotus skin is on the top, the lotus meat that reaches the screen cloth is less than the sieve mesh and passes through the sieve, realized the separation of lotus meat and lotus skin finally, accomplished the screening process.
S7, collecting: the collecting device comprises a belt conveyor and a collecting box, lotus seeds under the screen drop on the belt conveyor and are conveyed into the collecting box for collection and post-treatment.
The fresh lotus is fed by adopting a feeding funnel container matched with an electromagnetic piston for control, the feeding granularity is 15-20mm, the feeding funnel container is made of carbon steel, and the volume size of a rectangular box body at the upper part of a funnel is 0.5-1m 3 The lotus seed storage device is used for storing fresh lotus seeds; the middle contraction section of the funnel is in a conical design of 45-60 degrees and is used for reducing the circulation speed of lotus seeds; the diameter of a feeding pipe at the bottom of the hopper is 20-40mm, and the feeding quantity is controlled by opening and closing the electromagnetic piston.
The lotus seed skin is punched by adopting the matching control of a cam vibration part, a laser sensing part, a material receiving disc, a roller chain and an automatic punching part, the material receiving disc is in a 400 x 400mm cube iron block shape, 15 x 15 grooves with the diameter of 18-21mm are formed above the material receiving disc and used for containing lotus seeds with the processing quality requirement and the grain diameter of 15-20mm, and holes with the diameter of 1-3mm are drilled at the bottom of the grooves and used for laser penetration of the laser sensing part; the cam vibration part generates 2-4mm continuous amplitude to the material receiving disc, the material receiving disc is provided with a roller chain on the plane to control the X-axis and the Y-axis to move to the scanning area of the camera of the automatic punching machine, the upper part of the automatic punching part is provided with 15 multiplied by 15 needle heads which correspond to the grooves of the material receiving disc one by one, and the electromagnetic valve controls the cylinder to sink for punching.
The lotus seed is carried and is adopted and connect material funnel, conveyer pipe and hydraulic stem, and iron system connects material funnel upper portion intercommunication lotus skin punching part to be used for receiving the fresh lotus that punches, connects material funnel sub-unit connection pipeline, and the conveyer pipe adopts the ya keli material, and the entrance of rotatory airtight container is arranged in to the end adoption pvc-u double-walled bellows, through the flexible of hydraulic stem control bellows.
The temperature and pressure increasing is controlled by an electric temperature increasing device, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature reducing device, a rotary closed container and a motor transmission device, wherein the rotary closed container is a horizontal cylindrical high-pressure resistant iron container with the volume of 0.3-0.5m 3 The two ends are provided with an inlet and an outlet; the high-speed motor drives the rotating closed container to rotate along the central axis in the horizontal direction through the transmission device, the electric heating device continuously and uniformly heats the container at the bottom, the temperature and the pressure are controlled by the display of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and the temperature reduction equipment is formed by arranging two HF-75S negative-pressure fans at the outlet of the containerAt the port, providing a suction force 46m 3 Cooling capacity per hour.
The pressure release and peeling adopts an electromagnetic hydraulic end cover, a hydraulic cylinder and a signal control unit, the electromagnetic hydraulic end cover is symmetrically closed at the outlet of the rotating closed container, and is instantly opened to two sides by the signal transmitted by the control unit, so that the pressure release of the closed container is realized; the hydraulic cylinder is positioned at the bottom of the closed container and is used for pouring the lotus seeds peeled in the container into the next processing step.
The vibrating screen component that skin meat screening adopted includes frame, reel, screen cloth and vibrating motor, and the frame is the device body, and the screen cloth is laid on reel upper portion, and the screen cloth aperture is 20 x 20mm, and vibrating motor is 7-9mm to the reel vibration range.
Collecting and adopting a belt conveyor and a collecting box, wherein the belt conveyor is positioned on the lower part of the upper side vibrating screen, the guide chute with 2/3 belt width added on the surface of the belt increases the conveying efficiency of the circular lotus seeds, the material blocking plates on the two sides of the belt block the material deviation, the collecting box is positioned in the falling direction of the material, and the lotus seeds in the collecting box are the final product of the peeling operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional manual and rolling friction type peeling process flow, the process adopts the production method of 'heating, pressurizing and instantaneous pressure relief to realize the peeling closed-circuit process flow of the fresh lotus seeds', so that the skin and meat of the final product are quickly separated, the secondary heating and ripening process of the lotus seed product after peeling by the traditional manual matching machine is avoided, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced; the lotus seed peeling machine has the advantages that labor resources are saved to the maximum extent, damage to lotus seeds is reduced, the whole system is integrated, mechanical and automatic production is achieved, the quality of the lotus seeds is effectively improved, production cost is reduced, efficient and low-loss peeling processing of fresh lotus seeds is really achieved, high-quantity and high-quality peeling operation is really achieved, and the development of Hunan lotus seed industry is greatly promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-feeding funnel container, 2-automatic punching component, 3-receiving funnel pipeline, 4-rotary closed container, 5-electromagnetically-controlled end cover assembly, 6-vibrating screen and 7-collecting box.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in the figure: the fresh lotus peeling method with the functions of temperature rise and pressure change comprises the following steps: feeding fresh lotus, punching lotus peel, conveying lotus seeds, heating and pressurizing, decompressing and peeling, and screening and collecting peel and flesh; the grain diameter of fresh lotus seeds with the processing quality requirement is 15-20mm, the fresh lotus seeds are put into a feeding funnel container 1 made of carbon steel, and the volume size of a rectangular box body at the upper part of the feeding funnel container 1 is 0.5-1m 3 The lotus seed automatic punching device is used for storing fresh lotus seeds, the middle contraction section is in a conical design with an angle of 45-60 degrees and used for reducing the circulation speed of the lotus seeds, the diameter of a bottom feeding pipe is 20-40mm, the feeding quantity is controlled by opening and closing an electromagnetic piston in a feeding funnel container 1, the lotus seeds enter a front end feeding disc of an automatic lotus seed skin punching component 2 under the action of gravity when the feeding funnel container is opened, the feeding disc is in a 400 x 400mm cube iron block shape, 15 x 15 grooves with the diameter of 18-21mm are formed above the feeding disc and used for containing the lotus seeds, and holes with the diameter of 1-3mm are drilled at the bottoms of the grooves and used for laser penetration of a laser sensing component; the cam vibration part works on the material receiving disc in the initial feeding stage to provide continuous vibration with the amplitude of 2-4mm, so that lotus seeds on the upper portion of the material receiving disc smoothly enter the arranged grooves in the vibration process, after all the grooves are filled with the lotus seeds, laser of the laser sensor arranged at the bottom of the grooves is completely shielded, signals are transmitted to the control part, the control part receives the signals, further processes the signals and controls the transmission part to move, the cam mechanism stops working, the material receiving disc moves away along with the X axis and the Y axis of the roller chain on the plane, the material receiving disc moves to the main punching area of the automatic punching part 2 to start working after the movement is completed, 15X 15 needles on the upper portion correspond to the grooves of the material receiving disc one by one, and the electromagnetic valves control the cylinders to sink to perform single punching action. After the punching operation is finished, the lotus seeds are guided into the material receiving funnel pipeline 3, finally, the lotus seeds are placed at an inlet of a rotary closed container through a corrugated pipe at the tail end of the material receiving funnel pipeline 3, the lotus seeds enter the rotary closed container 4 along the material receiving funnel pipeline 3, and after the conveying is finishedThe end bellows contracts away from the inlet of the rotary closed container 4, the rotary closed container 4 is a horizontal cylindrical high-pressure resistant iron container with the volume of 0.3-0.5m 3 The two ends are provided with an inlet and an outlet; the high-speed motor drives the rotating sealed container 4 to rotate along a central shaft in the horizontal direction through the transmission device, the electric heating device continuously and uniformly heats the rotating sealed container 4 at the bottom, and a high-temperature high-pressure environment containing water vapor is formed inside the container; the lotus seed has a large amount of water inside, the water inside the lotus seed can be vaporized at the high temperature of more than or equal to 100 ℃, as the lotus seed skin has rich air holes and has the function of controlling the water inside the lotus seed to be dissipated, vaporized water vapor is blocked by the lotus seed skin and is difficult to be smoothly vaporized to enter the outside, a huge pressure which is perpendicular to the tangent line of the lotus seed skin and is outwards accumulated inside the lotus seed, meanwhile, the lotus seed skin has stronger toughness and is difficult to burst and break due to the special fence tissue structure of the lotus seed skin, meanwhile, the lotus seed forms gas-solid mixed flow in the rotating process, the lotus seed is fully mixed and collided to cause the expansion condition that cracks appear at the punching part of the lotus seed skin, after the control temperature and the control pressure are displayed through a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, a signal is transmitted to a control unit, the rotating closed container 4 stops working, and an outlet is instantly opened to two sides by an electromagnetic control end cover assembly 5 receiving a transmission signal, the pressure is instantaneously reduced; the tensile strength of the lotus peel is sharply reduced due to the energy absorption effect and the water loss generated under high-temperature pressure relief, and the lotus peel is extremely easy to crack; the instantaneous reduction of the external pressure causes the internal water vapor of the lotus seeds to evaporate rapidly, a great pressure difference is generated between the inside and the outside, the internal lotus flesh has a tendency of bursting towards the outside, the lotus peel is also influenced by the internal pressure difference and the external pressure difference, the action of the pressure on the lotus peel at the pore position is far greater than the elastic-plastic fracture limit of the lotus peel, stress concentration is generated, the lotus peel generates an initial crack-expansion phenomenon at the pore position, and the lotus flesh bursts along the crack outlet under the action of the internal pressure to be bound to burst out of the lotus peel; a small part of lotus meat is not completely separated from lotus peel, and in the process of instantaneously reducing the external pressure of the rotary closed container 4, the lotus seed and gas are mixed to form a mixed flow, and the mixed flow has the tendency of rapidly moving along the pressure reduction direction, and the collision between the lotus seeds during the process further promotes the complete separation of the lotus meat and the lotus peelAnd (4) disengaging. The outlet is positioned at the upper part of the vibrating screen, and the lotus meat and lotus peel which do not leave the rotating closed container 4 are poured into the vibrating screen 6 through the operation of the hydraulic cylinder arranged at the bottom; the aperture of the screen mesh of the vibrating screen 6 is 20 multiplied by 20mm, the lotus seed skin is burst and expanded into two parts along the aperture, the minimum diameter is more than 25mm, and the average diameter is about 30 mm; the maximum diameter of the lotus seed meat is less than 19 mm; in the work, the vibrating screen 6 generates a vibration amplitude of 7-9mm under the action of the vibrating motor, only a part of materials are contacted with the screen surface after the lotus meat and the lotus peel enter the screen surface, the materials on the screen are loosened due to vibration, so that the gap of the lotus peel originally exists is further enlarged, the lotus meat is conveyed through the gap by the machine and transferred into the collecting box 7 conveyed and conducted to the lower layer, the lotus meat cannot pass through the gap because the lotus meat gap is small, so that the lotus meat and lotus peel groups which are originally arranged in disorder are separated, namely, the lotus meat and lotus peel groups are layered according to the size of the lotus seeds, the arrangement rule that the lotus meat is below and the lotus peel is above is formed, the lotus meat reaching the screen surface is smaller than the sieve mesh, the separation of the lotus meat and the lotus peel is finally realized, and the screening process is completed; subsequently, the lotus meat in the collection box 7 is collected and post-treated, and the final lotus seed product can be obtained.
Compared with the traditional process flow, the production method of the invention for realizing the peeling closed process flow of the fresh lotus seeds by increasing the temperature, increasing the pressure and instantly releasing the pressure has the advantages that the process not only ensures the quick separation of the peel and the pulp of the final product, but also avoids the secondary heating and cooking process of the lotus seed product after peeling by matching the traditional manual machine, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption; labor resources are saved to the maximum extent, damage to lotus seeds is reduced, the production process is stable, high-quantity and high-quality peeling operation is really realized, and the development of Hunan lotus industry is greatly promoted.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for peeling fresh lotus seeds by heating and pressure changing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, feeding fresh lotus: fresh lotus seeds are placed in a feeding funnel container made of carbon steel, and the feeding quantity is controlled by opening and closing an electromagnetic piston; when the electromagnetic piston is opened, the lotus seeds enter the lotus seed peel punching part from the bottom feeding outlet under the action of gravity;
s2, lotus seed peel pretreatment: the lotus seed skin punching component comprises a cam vibration component, a laser sensing component, a material receiving disc, a roller chain and an automatic punching component, lotus seeds are fed into the material receiving disc at the front end of the device, a groove is formed above the material receiving disc and used for containing the lotus seeds, and a hole gap is formed in the bottom of the groove and used for laser penetration of the laser sensing component; the cam vibration part provides continuous vibration for the material receiving disc in the initial feeding stage, lotus seeds on the upper part of the material receiving disc smoothly enter the arranged grooves in the vibration process, after all the grooves are filled with the lotus seeds, laser of a laser sensor arranged at the bottom of the grooves is completely shielded, signals are transmitted to the control part, the control part receives the signals, further processes the signals and controls the transmission part to act, the cam mechanism stops working, when the material receiving disc is transmitted to a scanning area of a camera of the automatic punching machine along with a roller chain on the plane, the automatic punching part starts to work, needles on the upper part of the automatic punching part correspond to the grooves of the material receiving disc one by one, and the electromagnetic valve controls the air cylinder to sink to perform single punching action;
s3, conveying lotus seeds: the lotus seed conveying device comprises a material receiving funnel and a conveying pipe, wherein an air cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the material receiving funnel to guide lotus seeds into the material receiving funnel, the lower part of the material receiving funnel is connected with a conveying pipeline, a corrugated pipe is arranged at the tail end of the material receiving funnel and is arranged at an inlet of a rotary closed container, the lotus seeds directly enter the container along the material receiving funnel and the conveying pipe, the corrugated pipe shrinks to leave the inlet of the container after the conveying is finished, and an inlet end cover is closed;
s4, warming and pressurizing: the temperature and pressure increasing device comprises an electric temperature increasing device, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature reducing device, a rotary closed container and a motor transmission device; an inlet and an outlet are arranged at two ends of the rotary closed container; the high-speed motor drives the rotating closed container to rotate along a central shaft in the horizontal direction through the transmission device, the electric heating device continuously and uniformly heats the container at the bottom, and a high-temperature high-pressure environment containing water vapor is formed inside the container; the lotus seed has a large amount of water inside, the water inside the lotus seed can be vaporized at the high temperature of more than or equal to 100 ℃, the lotus seed skin has rich air holes and has the function of controlling the water inside the lotus seed to be dissipated, vaporized water vapor is blocked by the lotus seed skin and is difficult to evaporate smoothly to enter the outside, so that huge pressure perpendicular to the tangent line of the lotus seed skin is accumulated inside the lotus seed, meanwhile, the lotus seed skin has strong toughness and is difficult to burst and break due to the special fence tissue structure of the lotus seed skin, meanwhile, the lotus seed forms gas-solid mixed flow in the rotating process, the lotus seed is fully mixed and collided, so that the crack expansion condition of part of the perforated part of the lotus seed skin is caused, after the temperature and the pressure are controlled through the indication of a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, a signal is transmitted to a control unit, and the temperature-increasing and pressure-increasing device stops working;
s5, pressure relief and peeling: when the temperature-increasing and pressure-increasing device stops working, the electromagnetic control end cover assembly at the outlet receives a transmission signal and instantly opens the two sides, and the pressure is instantly reduced; the tensile strength of the lotus peel is sharply reduced due to the energy absorption effect and the water loss generated under high-temperature pressure relief, and the lotus peel is extremely easy to crack; the instantaneous reduction of the external pressure causes the internal water vapor of the lotus seeds to evaporate rapidly, a great pressure difference is generated between the inside and the outside, the internal lotus flesh has a tendency of bursting towards the outside, the lotus peel is also influenced by the internal pressure difference and the external pressure difference, the action of the pressure on the lotus peel at the pore position is far greater than the elastic-plastic fracture limit of the lotus peel, stress concentration is generated, the lotus peel generates an initial crack-expansion phenomenon at the pore position, and the lotus flesh bursts along the crack outlet under the action of the internal pressure to be bound to burst out of the lotus peel; a small part of lotus meat is not completely separated from lotus peel, lotus seeds can be mixed with gas to form mixed flow in the process of instantaneously reducing the external pressure of the device, the mixed flow has the tendency of rapid movement along the pressure reduction direction, the lotus meat and the lotus peel are further completely separated by collision between the lotus seeds in the process, an outlet is positioned at the upper part of the vibrating screen, and the lotus meat and the lotus peel which do not leave the inside of the container are poured into the vibrating screen through the operation of a hydraulic cylinder arranged at the bottom;
s6, skin and meat screening: the vibrating screen component comprises a frame, a screen and a vibrating motor, the lotus seed husks are burst and expanded into two parts along the pores, the minimum diameter is larger than 25mm, and the average diameter is about 30 mm; the maximum diameter of the lotus seed meat is less than 19 mm; in the work, the screen frame generates a continuous amplitude for the screen mesh under the action of the vibrating motor, only a part of materials are contacted with the screen mesh after lotus meat and lotus peel enter the screen mesh, the materials on the screen are loosened due to the vibration of the screen frame, so that the gap of the lotus peel originally exists is further enlarged, the lotus meat is transferred to a lower-layer conveyer through the gap, the lotus peel cannot pass through the gap due to the small gap of the lotus meat, so that the lotus meat and lotus peel groups which are originally randomly arranged are separated, namely, the lotus meat and lotus peel groups are layered according to the type size, the arrangement rule that the lotus meat is below and the lotus peel is above is formed, the lotus meat reaching the screen mesh is smaller than the screen mesh, the separation of the lotus meat and lotus peel is finally realized, and the screening process is completed;
s7, collecting: the collecting device comprises a belt conveyor and a collecting box, lotus seeds under the screen drop on the belt conveyor and are conveyed into the collecting box for collection and post-treatment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein feeding of fresh lotus seeds is controlled by a hopper container and an electromagnetic piston, the feeding particle size is 15-20mm, the hopper container is made of carbon steel, and the volume of the rectangular box at the upper part of the hopper is 0.5-1m 3 The lotus seed storage device is used for storing fresh lotus seeds; the middle contraction section of the funnel is designed in a conical shape with an angle of 45-60 degrees and is used for reducing the flow speed of the lotus seeds; the diameter of a feeding pipe at the bottom of the hopper is 20-40mm, and the feeding quantity is controlled by opening and closing the electromagnetic piston.
3. The fresh lotus seed temperature and pressure increasing peeling method according to claim 1, wherein the lotus seed peel is punched and controlled by a cam vibration part, a laser sensing part, a material receiving disc, a roller chain and an automatic punching part in a matching way, the material receiving disc is in a 400 x 400mm cube iron block shape, 15 x 15 grooves with the diameter of 18-21mm are formed above the material receiving disc and used for containing 15-20mm lotus seeds with the processing quality requirement, and holes with the diameter of 1-3mm are drilled at the bottom of each groove and used for laser penetration of the laser sensing part; the cam vibration part generates 2-4mm continuous amplitude to the material receiving disc, the material receiving disc is provided with a roller chain on the plane to control the X-axis and the Y-axis to move to the scanning area of the camera of the automatic punching machine, the upper part of the automatic punching part is provided with 15 multiplied by 15 needle heads which correspond to the grooves of the material receiving disc one by one, and the electromagnetic valve controls the cylinder to sink for punching.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lotus seed peeling method comprises a receiving funnel, a delivery pipe and a hydraulic rod, wherein the upper part of the receiving funnel is connected with a lotus seed peel punching component for receiving the punched fresh lotus seeds, the lower part of the receiving funnel is connected with the delivery pipe, the delivery pipe is made of acrylic material, the tail end of the receiving funnel is made of pvc-u double-wall corrugated pipe and is arranged at the inlet of the rotary closed container, and the expansion of the corrugated pipe is controlled by the hydraulic rod.
5. The method for peeling fresh lotus seeds by means of temperature and pressure increasing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature and pressure increasing is controlled by an electric heating device, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature reduction device, a rotating closed container and a motor transmission device, the rotating closed container is a horizontal cylindrical high-pressure resistant iron container with a volume of 0.3-0.5m 3 The two ends are provided with an inlet and an outlet; the high-speed motor drives the rotating closed container to rotate along the central axis in the horizontal direction through the transmission device, the electric heating device continuously and uniformly heats the container at the bottom, the temperature and the pressure sensors are used for displaying and controlling, the temperature reduction equipment is two HF-75S negative pressure fans which are arranged at the outlet of the container and provide suction force of 46m 3 Cooling capacity per hour.
6. The fresh lotus seed temperature-increasing pressure-changing peeling method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-releasing peeling adopts an electromagnetic hydraulic end cover, a hydraulic cylinder and a signal control unit, the electromagnetic hydraulic end cover is symmetrically closed at an outlet of a rotating closed container, and is instantly opened to two sides by a signal transmitted by the control unit, so that the pressure-releasing of the closed container is realized; the hydraulic cylinder is positioned at the bottom of the closed container and is used for pouring the lotus seeds peeled in the container into the next processing step.
7. The method for peeling fresh lotus seeds by means of temperature and pressure increase and transformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibration sieve components adopted for sieving the skin and meat comprise a frame, a sieve screen and a vibration motor, the frame is a device body, the sieve screen is arranged on the upper portion of the sieve frame, the aperture of the sieve screen is 20 x 20mm, and the vibration amplitude of the vibration motor to the sieve frame is 7-9 mm.
8. The method for peeling the fresh lotus seeds at the temperature and the pressure according to claim 1, wherein a belt conveyor and a collection box are adopted for collection, the belt conveyor is arranged at the lower part of an upper vibrating screen, a guide chute with 2/3 belt width added on the surface of a belt increases the conveying efficiency of the circular lotus seeds, baffle plates on two sides of the belt prevent the materials from deviating, the collection box is arranged in the falling direction of the materials, and the lotus seeds in the collection box are the final product of the peeling operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011003086.5A CN112120236B (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Temperature-raising and pressure-changing peeling method for fresh lotus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011003086.5A CN112120236B (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Temperature-raising and pressure-changing peeling method for fresh lotus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112120236A CN112120236A (en) | 2020-12-25 |
| CN112120236B true CN112120236B (en) | 2022-08-02 |
Family
ID=73842459
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011003086.5A Active CN112120236B (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Temperature-raising and pressure-changing peeling method for fresh lotus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112120236B (en) |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1127614A (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1996-07-31 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Process and equipment for hulling and peeling chestnut |
| KR20020014828A (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2002-02-25 | 오진균 | That method and chestnut husk peel equipment |
| KR20020074018A (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-28 | 한국식품개발연구원 | Steam Chestnut Peeler and Peeling Method |
| CN102028297A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2011-04-27 | 福建省建瓯市青然食品有限公司 | Processing method for shelling castanea henryi |
| CN106509924A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-22 | 王波 | Pine nut automatic extruding opening machine |
| CN107183738A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-22 | 河北栗源食品有限公司 | Chinese chestnut shelling technique |
| CN109619605A (en) * | 2019-02-11 | 2019-04-16 | 北京工商大学 | A kind of infrared device for peeling of jujube vacuum impulse and method |
| CN110236206A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-09-17 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of lotus seeds integration process and treat system |
| CN110250536A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-20 | 长沙智能机器人研究院有限公司 | Konjaku device for peeling and method |
| CN110651611A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Fresh lotus seed threshing and shelling all-in-one machine |
| CN211458785U (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-09-11 | 湖南华远莲业股份有限公司 | Automatic lotus seed shelling and screening device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190388938A1 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-26 | Dongguan University Of Technology | Camellia fruit shelling and sorting machine |
-
2020
- 2020-09-22 CN CN202011003086.5A patent/CN112120236B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1127614A (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1996-07-31 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Process and equipment for hulling and peeling chestnut |
| KR20020074018A (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-28 | 한국식품개발연구원 | Steam Chestnut Peeler and Peeling Method |
| KR20020014828A (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2002-02-25 | 오진균 | That method and chestnut husk peel equipment |
| CN102028297A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2011-04-27 | 福建省建瓯市青然食品有限公司 | Processing method for shelling castanea henryi |
| CN106509924A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-22 | 王波 | Pine nut automatic extruding opening machine |
| CN107183738A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-22 | 河北栗源食品有限公司 | Chinese chestnut shelling technique |
| CN109619605A (en) * | 2019-02-11 | 2019-04-16 | 北京工商大学 | A kind of infrared device for peeling of jujube vacuum impulse and method |
| CN110236206A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-09-17 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of lotus seeds integration process and treat system |
| CN110250536A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-20 | 长沙智能机器人研究院有限公司 | Konjaku device for peeling and method |
| CN211458785U (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-09-11 | 湖南华远莲业股份有限公司 | Automatic lotus seed shelling and screening device |
| CN110651611A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Fresh lotus seed threshing and shelling all-in-one machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112120236A (en) | 2020-12-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107414103A (en) | A kind of beveler | |
| KR20140093609A (en) | Apparatuses, system and methods for forming pressed articles and pressed articles formed thereby | |
| CN104909175B (en) | Lead waste briquetting machine | |
| EP2890553B1 (en) | An apparatus and a method for dewatering wood chips | |
| CN112120236B (en) | Temperature-raising and pressure-changing peeling method for fresh lotus | |
| CN206624904U (en) | High intensity coal-pressing ball nodulizer | |
| CN104070594B (en) | A kind of shaped device of double-layer brick | |
| FI126930B (en) | Method and apparatus for processing materials in a pneumatic material handling system | |
| CN105500513A (en) | Manufacture technology of vitrified tiles embedded with lines | |
| CN207236182U (en) | A kind of full-automatic plastic gloves torn edges device | |
| CN112120235A (en) | Confining pressure mutation peeling method for fresh lotus | |
| CN204540758U (en) | A kind of steam corn compressing tablet, oven dry, cooling integrated machine | |
| CN104409206B (en) | A kind of full-automatic slip casting formation system of circular ferrite | |
| JP2009506247A (en) | Concentrated material conveying device | |
| CN206796626U (en) | Processed Product of Rhizoma Gastrodiae preforming device | |
| CN105689088B (en) | The dry bone skeletal grain crusher of one-pass molding | |
| CN210084284U (en) | Tibetan medicine production shaping transmission device | |
| CN207733603U (en) | A kind of high dish brine of pickled mustard tuber Salt-spraying machine of blueness | |
| CN209336156U (en) | A kind of grease molding machine | |
| CN110819441B (en) | Processing technology for physically squeezing oil | |
| CN207071990U (en) | A kind of positional punch equipment of heat-insulating shield | |
| CN102766528A (en) | Automatic rapeseed oil pressing system | |
| CN207595328U (en) | A kind of use equipment of sealing machine automatic cover blanking | |
| CN216426121U (en) | Vacuum feeding machine based on flavor development powder production | |
| CN211026996U (en) | Drum-type straw fiber separating screen |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |